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Longest list of items one can memorize immediately
In psychology and neuroscience, memory span is the longest list of items that a person can repeat back in correct order immediately after presentation
Memory_span
1956 psychology paper by George Miller on working memory capacity
alternatives. The second cognitive limitation Miller discusses is memory span. Memory span refers to the longest list of items (e.g., digits, letters, words)
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
The_Magical_Number_Seven,_Plus_or_Minus_Two
Topics referred to by the same term
object or memory System.Span<T>, a .NET Framework (C#) class for working with contiguous sequences of objects or stack-allocated arrays std::span<T> and
Span
Verbal working memory test
The reading span task (RST) is a common memory span task widely cited in, and adapted for, investigations of working memory, cognitive processing, and
Reading_span_task
Cognitive system for temporarily holding information
working memory. Other suggested names were short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is
Working_memory
Memory used for information that only needs to be stored for a short time
short-term memory. Short-term memory capacity is often called memory span, in reference to a common measurement procedure. In a memory span test, the experimenter
Short-term_memory
Freshwater fish common in aquariums
legend that goldfish only had a memory span of three seconds and were able to prove that goldfish had a longer memory span than commonly believed. The experiment
Goldfish
Internal process while reading
processing may function as a holding mechanism in immediate memory tasks. The working memory span is a behavioural measure of "exceptional consistency" and
Subvocalization
Collective perception of a group of people
variations in memory span among their participants. In support they found that averaging repeated estimates of those with lower memory spans showed greater
Wisdom_of_the_crowd
Cognitive psychology process
hypothesis of constant information would require (see also, memory span). The span of immediate memory seems to be almost independent of the number of bits per
Chunking_(psychology)
Model of human memory
more accurate model of primary memory (often referred to as short-term memory). Working memory splits primary memory into multiple components, rather
Baddeley's model of working memory
Baddeley's_model_of_working_memory
American memory disorder patient
important role in the brain for forming and remembering memories, and for having a long-term memory span, but in 1953 (when Molaison had the surgery) this was
Henry_Molaison
Sentences with structures permitting multiple possible interpretations
reading span subjects who had the best verbal working memory, they were overall faster than the low reading span subjects. Within the high reading span subjects
Syntactic_ambiguity
Memory about one's environment and spatial orientation
visual or spatial memory. For example, the visual patterns test (VPT) measures visual span whereas the Corsi blocks task measures spatial span. Correlational
Spatial_memory
Faculty of mind to store and retrieve data
memories were unable to be stored into long-term memory and that there would be a very short attention span, as first gleaned from patient Henry Molaison
Memory
recall, the modality effect is seen in an increased memory span for auditorally presented lists. Memory span is defined as the maximum number of items that
Modality_effect
Development of memory in children
loop to mediate performance of the "visual" memory task. Between the ages of 5 and 11, visual memory span increases substantially and it is at this point
Memory_development
Psychological test of working memory
digit span task, but instead of the verbal form of the Digit Span, it required the use of visuo-spatial memory. This number is known as the Corsi Span, and
Corsi_block-tapping_test
Person with the ability to recall large amounts of data
deviations, while his digit span, or memory span for digits, grew to 80 digits, which was higher than the digit span for all memory experts previously recorded
Mnemonist
Second stage of the memory process
properties of the chunks. Memory span varies; it is lower for multisyllabic words than for shorter words. In general, the memory span for verbal contents i
Storage_(memory)
Time spent concentrating before being distracted
has on attention span. A study was done in 2024 that found that students who consistently watch short-term videos struggle with memory-based academic work
Attention_span
Theory regarding human memory
from the previously learned lists. Span performance refers to working memory capacity. It is hypothesized that span performance is limited in language
Interference_theory
British conductor with severe amnesia
the 2005 ITV documentary The Man with the 7 Second Memory (although Wearing's short-term memory span can be up to 30 seconds). He was also featured in
Clive_Wearing
Historical intelligence test
Binet–Simon had multiple memory span digit tests spread over different age groups.Yerkes and Bridges took all those memory span digit tests and created
Binet–Simon_Intelligence_Test
Approach to the study of cognitive development
present-moment duration D (measured in seconds; roughly equivalent to memory span or recall span). In addition to the concept presented, the Erlangen School developed
Information_processing_theory
SSRI antidepressant
not affect word learning, short-term memory, vigilance, flicker fusion time, choice reaction time, memory span, or psychomotor coordination. In spite
Sertraline
Arc of accurate visual perception
Vision span or perceptual span is a controversial concept referring to the angular span (vertically and horizontally), within which the human eye has sharp
Vision_span
as a memory. Maintenance rehearsal is a type of memory rehearsal that is useful in maintaining information in short-term memory or working memory. Because
Memory_rehearsal
Family of molluscs
a "higher learning" center). Nautili also tend to have rather short memory spans, and the nerve ring is not protected by any form of brain case. Nautili
Nautilus
Early theory of attention
Broadbent, D (1954). "The role of auditory localization in attention and memory span". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 47 (3): 191–196. doi:10.1037/h0054182
Broadbent's filter model of attention
Broadbent's_filter_model_of_attention
Electronic non-volatile computer storage device
Flash memory is an electronic non-volatile computer memory storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. The two main types of flash
Flash_memory
Person with broad and profound competence in a particular field
digits to letters of the alphabet was made he exhibited no transfer—his memory span dropped back to about six consonants. math enthusiasts who can in less
Expert
Performing music at first sight
with memory span have been conducted by George Miller in 1956 that indicated, "Most common number of items that can be stored in the working memory is five
Sight-reading
Theories in cognitive psychology
information chunks or units - the memory span - that one can keep in mind simultaneously at a given moment. Therefore memory span can be understood as the quantum
Neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development
Neo-Piagetian_theories_of_cognitive_development
investigate interference. Lustig, May, and Hasher’s article “Working Memory Span and the Role of Proactive Interference” cites Wickens no less than three
Delos_Wickens
Ability to process visual and spatial information
retrieval of the resulting neural representations. Visual memory occurs over a broad time range spanning from eye movements to years in order to visually navigate
Visual_memory
Topics referred to by the same term
quality control method Rapid strep test, for strep throat Reading span task, a memory span test Reinforcement sensitivity theory, a psychological theory R-S-T
RST
Types of accurate and detailed recall
having superior autobiographical memory does not translate to broadly superior memory; in fact across tests like a digit span, visual reproduction, and word-pair
Exceptional_memory
IQ test designed to measure intelligence in adults
subtests that compose the Working Memory Index. Digit Span Forward, Digit Span Backward, Spatial Addition, Symbol Span, and Letter-Number Sequencing may
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Wechsler_Adult_Intelligence_Scale
Memory phenomenon related to human aging
that represents the number of autobiographical memories encoded at various ages during the life span. The lifespan retrieval curve contains three different
Reminiscence_bump
Brain capacity to filter out stimuli
DE (March 1954). "The role of auditory localization in attention and memory span". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 47 (3): 191–6. doi:10.1037/h0054182
Cocktail_party_effect
Bias towards recently acquired information
Brown, Gordon; Mercer, Robin (1995). "The role of long-term memory mechanisms in memory span". British Journal of Psychology. 86 (4): 527–536. doi:10.1111/j
Availability_heuristic
New Zealand applied linguist
Speed Improvement In a Speed Reading Course and its Effect on Language Memory Span Learning to Teach Spanish: Identifying, Inducting, and Supporting Apprentice
Paul_Nation
American psychologist
be that high-working-memory-span individuals are better able to monitor the channel to be ignored, or it could be that the low-span individuals cannot fix
Nelson_Cowan
PEBL the open source software program
gambling task Lexical decision task Mackworth Clock Match-to-sample task Memory Span NASA-TLX Psychomotor vigilance task TOVA Tower of London test Trail-making
PEBL_(software)
Memory allocation scheme
In computer science, region-based memory management is a type of memory management in which each allocated object is assigned to a region. A region, also
Region-based memory management
Region-based_memory_management
Selective artificial removal of memories or associations from the mind
remember what happened during that short time span without actually practicing the memory. Long-term memory has a much larger capacity than the prior two
Memory_erasure
Consequences of not getting enough sleep
lobe activation and increases in parietal lobe activation. The working memory span is also affected by sleep deprivation. When sleep deprived participants
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
Effects_of_sleep_deprivation_on_cognitive_performance
American linguist and sign language researcher
Supalla, Ted, & Boutla, M. 2006. "Persistent differences in short-term memory span between sign and speech: Implications for cross-linguistic comparisons
Ted_Supalla
Learning strategy
limited. For example, he displayed improvement in the Block-Tapping Memory-Span test, but only to a maximum of 5 blocks, implying his ability to improve
Distributed_practice
Founding myth of the Jewish people
Deuteronomy that the biblical account represents a long-term cultural memory, spanning the 16th to 10th centuries BCE, rather than a specific event: "The
The_Exodus
Computer algorithm
largest block size may not span the entire memory of the system. For instance, if the system had 2000 K of physical memory and the order-0 block size
Buddy_memory_allocation
Psychological training
Working memory training is intended to improve a person's working memory. Working memory is a central intellectual faculty, linked to IQ, ageing, and mental
Working_memory_training
Memory triggered by an environmental cue
conscious memories. Memory, 16(1), 48–57. Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2002). Emotionally charged autobiographical memories across the life span: The recall
Involuntary_memory
control underlie the relationship between fluid intelligence and working memory span". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 140 (4): 674–692. doi:10
Neuroimaging intelligence testing
Neuroimaging_intelligence_testing
Deafness before language is learned
words. Short-term memory spans for signs and fingerspelling are also reduced in comparison to age-matched hearing children's span for spoken words. Deaf
Prelingual_deafness
Park in Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
Memory Grove, formerly known as Memory Park and sometimes called Memory Grove Park, is a park in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Established as a
Memory_Grove
Set of memory models of the x86 CPU
to span more than 64 KB), and allows for accurate pointer comparisons, as if the platform were a flat memory model: It forbids the aliasing of memory as
X86_memory_models
When a computer program fails to release unnecessary memory
science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations in a way that memory which is
Memory_leak
Memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual's life
"Emotionally charged autobiographical memories across the life span: The recall of happy, sad, traumatic, and involuntary memories". Psychology and Aging. 17 (4):
Autobiographical_memory
2022 adventure video game
relive Mary's memories, spanning from childhood to adulthood, as she packs her mother's possessions. Selecting objects triggers memories, which players
Hindsight_(video_game)
Psychological theory
to improve short-term memory recall performance. Guessing strategies are utilised by a subject in order to maximise memory span and improve overall recall
Ranschburg_effect
Storage of digital data readable by computers
Generally, the faster and volatile storage components are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent components are referred to as "storage". This
Computer_data_storage
Hambrick, D. Zach; Wilhelm, Oliver; Engle, Randall W. (May 2005). "Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user's guide". Psychonomic Bulletin
Learnability
American politician and attorney (born 1942)
"Senator Mitch McConnell Announces He Won't Seek Reelection in 2026". www.c-span.org. Archived from the original on February 20, 2025. Retrieved February
Mitch_McConnell
American psychologist
role in one’s aptitude and performance ability. Measures used included memory span and performance ability, and were used in transfer conditions American
Jack_Dunham_(psychologist)
Preservation project in Hallstatt, Austria
Memory of Mankind (MOM) is a preservation project founded by Martin Kunze in Hallstatt, Austria, in 2012. Its main goal is to preserve knowledge about
Memory_of_Mankind
Data storage device
million write/erase cycles in each cell of memory: if there were 100 uses per day, 1 million cycles could span 10,000 days or over 27 years. Some devices
USB_flash_drive
Development of human memory
Prenatal memory, also called fetal memory, is important for the development of memory in humans. Many factors can impair fetal memory and its functions
Prenatal_memory
Sequence in computer science
first offers a shorter span and more parallelism but is not work-efficient. The second is work-efficient but requires double the span and offers less parallelism
Prefix_sum
British and American filmmaker (born 1970)
existentialism, ethics, the construction of time and the malleable nature of memory and personal identity. They feature mathematically inspired images and concepts
Christopher_Nolan
Act of improving one's memory
Memory improvement is the act of enhancing one's memory. Factors motivating research on improving memory include conditions such as amnesia, age-related
Memory_improvement
greatness". The C-SPAN Survey of Presidential Leadership consists of rankings from a group of presidential historians and biographers. The C-SPAN Survey of Presidential
Historical rankings of presidents of the United States
Historical_rankings_of_presidents_of_the_United_States
Type of vivid, enduring autobiographical memory
A flashbulb memory is a vivid, long-lasting memory about a surprising or shocking event. The term flashbulb memory suggests the surprise, indiscriminate
Flashbulb_memory
Algorithm in computer graphics to add color or texture
rx, y, s): let span_added = false for x in lx .. rx: if not Inside(x, y): span_added = false else if not span_added: Add (x, y) to s span_added = true Over
Flood_fill
Type of computer fault
notifying an operating system (OS) that a process is trying to access memory that the CPU cannot physically address: an invalid address for the address
Bus_error
American singer-songwriter (born 1989)
an opera singer whose singing in church became one of Swift's earliest memories of music. During childhood, Swift spent her holiday seasons on a Christmas
Taylor_Swift
President of the United States from 1933 to 1945
13, 2017. "Presidential Historians Survey 2017". C-SPAN Survey of Presidential Leadership. C-SPAN. "Presidential Leadership – The Rankings". The Wall
Franklin_D._Roosevelt
American actor (born 1946)
and last-minute Harvard 16-point comeback to tie Yale. He recounted his memory of "the most famous football game in Ivy League history" in the documentary
Tommy_Lee_Jones
British psychologist
Oxford Brookes University. Hulme's research spans reading and language development and disorders, memory processes, and the development of arithmetic
Charles_Hulme
American psychologist
M. F., Hambrick, D. Z., Wilhelm, O., & Engle, R. W. (2005). Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user's guide. Psychonomic Bulletin
Randall_Engle
Prime Minister of Israel (1996–1999; 2009–2021; 2022–present)
"Israeli Perspective on Conflict with Iraq". U.S. House of Representatives. C-SPAN. 12 September 2002. Serial No. 107–139 (PDF). Retrieved 9 June 2025. "Kerry
Benjamin_Netanyahu
President of the United States from 1961 to 1963
The survey found Kennedy to be the most overrated U.S. president. A 2017 C-SPAN survey has Kennedy ranked among the top ten presidents. A 2023 Gallup survey
John_F._Kennedy
American psychologist and educator (1860–1944)
weights to determine just-noticeable differences, reaction time, human memory span, and rate of movement. There are two types of perspectives on measuring
James_McKeen_Cattell
Russian and American novelist (1899–1977)
Fire, published in 1962, ranked 53rd on the same list. His memoir, Speak, Memory, published in 1951, is considered among the greatest nonfiction works of
Vladimir_Nabokov
Aspect of senescence
often in a state of confusion.[citation needed] Episodic memory is supported by networks spanning frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. The interconnections
Memory_and_aging
Recollection of events triggered by musical stimulus
frequency of voluntary and involuntary autobiographical memories across the life span". Memory & Cognition. 37 (5): 679–688. doi:10.3758/37.5.679. ISSN 0090-502X
Music-evoked autobiographical memory
Music-evoked_autobiographical_memory
"children give me peanuts". This is one of the simplest tests for memory spanning a short time interval. The test compares an animal's response to a
Animal_cognition
Japanese ONA series
Xam'd: Lost Memories, known in Japan as Xam'd of the Forgotten Memories (亡念のザムド, Bōnen no Zamudo), is an anime series, conceptualized by Bones and co-developed
Xam'd:_Lost_Memories
American rock band
and PIAS in 2020. The band has released four studio albums: A Beautiful Memory (2018), Projector (2021), 3D Country (2023), and Getting Killed (2025).
Geese_(band)
Member of the British royal family (1961–1997)
Wales at IMDb FBI Records: The Vault – Diana, Princess of Wales at fbi.gov Appearances on C-SPAN Portals: Monarchy United Kingdom England Wales Scotland
Diana,_Princess_of_Wales
Irish politician (born 1982)
23 March 2014. http://www.sundayworld.com/news/news/nulty-erases-his-memory-span[permanent dead link] Nulty, Patrick. "About". Blog. Archived from the
Patrick_Nulty
American musician (1993–2026)
You Madly Hate You Badly" world tour), an ambitious venture scheduled to span seven continents, encompassing over 70 shows across 30 countries throughout
Oliver_Tree
American computer scientist, musician, and author
MobyGames Jaron Lanier at IMDb Video discussion with Lanier involving intelligence (and AI) with Eliezer Yudkowsky on Bloggingheads.tv Appearances on C-SPAN
Jaron_Lanier
Phenomenon in memory
individual's memory. Memory conformity is a memory error due to both social influences and cognitive mechanisms. Social contamination of false memory can be
Memory_conformity
needed] Cannabis can have negative effects on learning and memory. Cannabis users show lower spans of attention, concentration, and abstract reasoning than
Cannabis_and_sex
American actress (born 1964)
Gilbert at The Interviews: An Oral History of Television Appearances on C-SPAN Biography - Official SAG-AFTRA website Biography - Official Little House
Melissa_Gilbert
Psychological focus, perception and prioritising discrete information
frontal, parietal, and subcortical regions and are closely linked to working memory, executive functions, and consciousness. Patterns of attention also vary
Attention
Condition of having extremely vivid mental imagery
Neurological evidence has shown that in the creation of imagery, neural activity spans prefrontal, parietal, temporal and visual areas. Within the neuroscience
Hyperphantasia
American academic administrator and politician (born 1972)
November 30, 2022. "Senator Sasse on Ukraine Aid and Federal Spending". C-SPAN. March 17, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2022. "Ukrainians aren't getting U
Ben_Sasse
MEMORY SPAN
MEMORY SPAN
Girl/Female
Indian
Memory
Female
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, MELODY means "melody."
Girl/Female
Muslim
Memory
Girl/Female
Indian
Memory
Male
Japanese
(守) Japanese name MAMORU means "protector."
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Memory
Boy/Male
Assamese, Indian
Memory
Girl/Female
English American Welsh
Merry; mirthful; joyous. Also an abbreviation of Meredith.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Embury or Emery.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Emery, EMORY means "work-power."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Emery.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Gujarati, Indian, Muslim, Parsi
Memory
Boy/Male
Australian, Farsi
Memory
Girl/Female
Tamil
Memory
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Memory
Male
Polish
Polish form of Greek Methodios, METODY means "method."
Girl/Female
Afghan, Arabic, Muslim
Memory
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Memory
Girl/Female
English American Greek
Melody.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Memory
MEMORY SPAN
MEMORY SPAN
Girl/Female
Muslim
Plenty
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Indian, Japanese
Ancient Reflection
Female
English
English name derived from the Italian phrase cara mia, CARAMIA means "my beloved."
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Very beautiful a heart of gold , trustworthy, an angel , perfect
Boy/Male
English French
Good; a blessing. American frontier hero Daniel Boone.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Ibbani | இபà¯à®ªà®¾à®¨à¯€Â
Fog, Honey dow
Female
Russian
Diminutive form of Russian Ekaterina and Yekaterina, KATERINKA means "little pure one."
Female
Hebrew
(וַש×ְתִּי) Hebrew form of Persian Vashti, VASHTIY means "beautiful." In the bible, this is the name of the wife of king Ahasuerus who was replaced by Esther.
Girl/Female
Indian
Goddess Durga, Laxmi, Parvati or beautiful
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Fight
MEMORY SPAN
MEMORY SPAN
MEMORY SPAN
MEMORY SPAN
MEMORY SPAN
a.
Mnemonic; assisting the memory.
n.
The time within which past events can be or are remembered; as, within the memory of man.
adv.
By, or from, memory.
n.
A memorial.
adv.
Beyond memory.
n.
Memory; remembrance.
n.
Something, or an aggregate of things, remembered; hence, character, conduct, etc., as preserved in remembrance, history, or tradition; posthumous fame; as, the war became only a memory.
n.
The faculty of the mind by which it retains the knowledge of previous thoughts, impressions, or events.
n.
Memory.
n.
The art of memory; a system of precepts and rules intended to assist the memory; artificial memory.
n.
The reach and positiveness with which a person can remember; the strength and trustworthiness of one's power to reach and represent or to recall the past; as, his memory was never wrong.
superl.
Causing laughter, mirth, gladness, or delight; as, / merry jest.
pl.
of Memory
n.
The actual and distinct retention and recognition of past ideas in the mind; remembrance; as, in memory of youth; memories of foreign lands.
n.
Alt. of Memoirs
n.
A memorial account; a history composed from personal experience and memory; an account of transactions or events (usually written in familiar style) as they are remembered by the writer. See History, 2.
a.
Causing loss of memory.
n.
Recital from memory; rehearsal.
n.
Any one of several species of fishes belonging to Echeneis, Remora, and allied genera. Called also sucking fish.
a.
Assisting in memory.