Search references for KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS. Phrases containing KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
See searches and references containing KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS!KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
Knowledge representation framework
KnowRob (Knowledge processing for robots) is a system which combines knowledge representation and reasoning methods to acquire and ground knowledge. This
Knowledge processing for robots
Knowledge_processing_for_robots
Form of business process automation technology
Robotic process automation (RPA) is a form of business process automation that is based on software robots (bots) or artificial intelligence (AI) agents
Robotic_process_automation
Mental process dealing with knowledge
Cognition encompasses mental processes that deal with knowledge. It includes psychological activities that acquire, store, retrieve, transform, or apply
Cognition
Subfield of robotics
Cognitive Robotics Workshop and it is generously supported by the AI journal RoboBusiness: Robots that Dream of Being Better www.Conscious-Robots.com The
Cognitive_robotics
Chinese technology company
Turing Robot is used in many hardware and software fields, including domestic service robots, commercial service robots, companion robots for children
Turing_Robot
Overview of and topical guide to robotics
operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal
Outline_of_robotics
Intelligence of machines
learning, reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, natural language processing, and perception, as well as support for robotics. To reach these goals
Artificial_intelligence
Intersection of cloud computing and robotics
process and share information from various robots or agents (other machines, smart objects, humans, etc.). Humans can also delegate tasks to robots remotely
Cloud_robotics
List of academic journals in artificial intelligence
Language Processing Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics – ACL IEEE Transactions on Robotics – IEEE Autonomous Robots – Springer
List of artificial intelligence journals
List_of_artificial_intelligence_journals
Set of software frameworks for robot software development
Humanoid Robots Lab at the University of Bonn!". Humanoid Robots Lab – University of Bonn. Retrieved 30 July 2021. "Brown University Robotics". 28 January
Robot_Operating_System
Processing of natural language by a computer
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely
Natural_language_processing
Study of reaction between humans and robots
Human–robot interaction (HRI) is the study of interactions between humans and robots. Human–robot interaction is a multidisciplinary field with contributions
Human–robot_interaction
Engineering discipline
programs used to control robots. As such, information engineering tends to focus more on autonomous, mobile, or probabilistic robots. Major subfields studied
Information_engineering
Design, construction, use, and application of robots
Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and practice of the design, construction, operation, and use of robots. A roboticist is someone who specializes
Robotics
Hypothesis that human replicas elicit revulsion
and humanlike robots. In Proceedings of the Views of the Uncanny Valley Workshop, IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots. Saygin, A.P.,
Uncanny_valley
Machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically
Playing Robot (TOPIO) to industrial robots, medical operating robots, patient assist robots, dog therapy robots, collectively programmed swarm robots, UAV
Robot
was developed. The first uses of modern robots were in factories as industrial robots. These industrial robots were fixed machines capable of manufacturing
History_of_robots
variable target position. VGR is rapidly transforming production processes by enabling robots to be highly adaptable and more easily implemented, while dramatically
Vision-guided_robot_systems
Type of mechanical arm with similar functions to a human arm
robots. In 2022, VW Group purchased 1,300 FANUC arms for automobile production. Additionally, FANUC announced in 2025 that it sold 50 more robots for
Robotic_arm
Subarea of robotics
Robotic sensing is a subarea of robotics science intended to provide sensing capabilities to robots. Robotic sensing provides robots with the ability to
Robotic_sensing
question answering Technologies employed: Natural language processing Information retrieval Knowledge representation Automated reasoning Machine learning Project
Outline of artificial intelligence
Outline_of_artificial_intelligence
Methods in artificial intelligence research
architectures implement the capabilities for symbolic processing, Radical connectionism—where symbolic processing is rejected totally, and connectionist
Symbolic artificial intelligence
Symbolic_artificial_intelligence
Facts assumed to be known to all humans
the cake." A natural language processing process can be attached to the commonsense knowledge base to allow the knowledge base to attempt to answer questions
Commonsense knowledge (artificial intelligence)
Commonsense_knowledge_(artificial_intelligence)
Foundation model allowing control of robot actions
text instructions to robot actions. The training dataset consists of robot demonstrations which may be gathered from real robots, human teleoperation
Vision–language–action_model
Type of robot
engineering. Mobile robots have the capability to move around in their environment and are not fixed to one physical location. Mobile robots can be "autonomous"
Mobile_robot
Combination of electronics and mechanics
for specialization in robotics. Knowledge of programming language—ROBOTC—is important for functioning robots. An industrial robot is a prime example of
Mechatronics
Love, Death & Robots (stylized as LOVE DEATH + ROBOTS; represented in emoji form as ❤️❌🤖) is an adult animated anthology television series created by
List of Love, Death & Robots episodes
List_of_Love,_Death_&_Robots_episodes
List of concepts in artificial intelligence
"Cloud Robotics and Automation". Li, R. "Cloud Robotics-Enable cloud computing for robots". Retrieved 7 December 2014. Fisher, Douglas (1987). "Knowledge acquisition
Glossary of artificial intelligence
Glossary_of_artificial_intelligence
Fictional set of rules by Isaac Asimov
futures for robots that obviate the Three Laws as robots come to consider themselves to be humans: one portraying this in a positive light with a robot joining
Three_Laws_of_Robotics
Process of acquiring new knowledge
Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behavior, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed
Learning
Field of artificial intelligence
Knowledge representation (KR) aims to model information in a structured manner to formally represent it as knowledge in knowledge-based systems whereas
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning
Hypothetical consciousness in artificial systems
mechanism for internal simulation ("imagination"). Hod Lipson defines "self-modeling" as a necessary component of self-awareness or consciousness in robots and
Artificial_consciousness
Thought experiment on artificial intelligence
viewed as an information-processing system operating on formal symbols, and that simulation of a given mental state is sufficient for its presence. Specifically
Chinese_room
Human-like robots
humanoid robots may have a more limited range of body replicas, comprising only a subset of the above-mentioned components. Androids are humanoid robots designed
Humanoid_robot
Subfield of artificial intelligence
hallucination issues in large language models. For example, Amazon implemented Neurosymbolic AI in its Vulcan warehouse robots and Rufus shopping assistant to enhance
Neuro-symbolic_AI
Computerized information extraction from images
Computer vision tasks include methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing, and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data
Computer_vision
Application distribution platform
The Robot App Store is a digital application distribution platform for applications for robots opened to the public on late 2011. The service allows users
Robot_App_Store
Language-oriented programming paradigm
Such robots are called transparent robots as their reasoning is transparent to users and this develops trust in robots. Natural language use and natural
Natural_language_programming
Machine learning for robots
Wide Web for robots" − it is a network and database repository where robots can share information and learn from each other and a cloud for outsourcing
Robot_learning
Knowledge of how to perform a task
Procedural knowledge, also known as know-how, is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task. Unlike descriptive knowledge (also known as
Procedural_knowledge
Global computing organization
The International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) is a global organisation for researchers and professionals working in the field of computing
International Federation for Information Processing
International_Federation_for_Information_Processing
(1979). "The SNePS semantic network processing system". Associative networks: representation and use of knowledge by computers (PDF). New York: Academic
List of artificial intelligence projects
List_of_artificial_intelligence_projects
Type of AI with wide-ranging abilities
multi-robot assembly of an IKEA Lack table in ten minutes, with no human intervention and no pre-programmed assembly instructions. The robots inferred
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial_general_intelligence
Profession
robotic devices used within industrial and commercial facilities to reduce human intervention and maximize efficiency. Their duties require knowledge
Automation_technician
and application of robots. Robotics is related to the sciences of electronics, engineering, mechanics, and software. The word "robot" was introduced to
Index_of_robotics_articles
natural language processing, and robotic process automation are commonly used in procurement. Machine learning has been used for recommendation systems
Applications of artificial intelligence
Applications_of_artificial_intelligence
Method of extracting data from websites
web crawling is a main component of web scraping, to fetch pages for later processing. Having fetched, extraction can take place. The content of a page
Web_scraping
Development of emotional attachment to machines, robots or software agents
machines, robots or software agents. It has been noticed that humans tend to attach emotionally to inanimate objects devoid of emotions of their own. For example
Tamagotchi_effect
Robot built by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Series Elastic Actuator arm and controllers for the body of the robot. Though the research direction of these robots is very different from the Domo Project
Domo_(robot)
This list of fictional robots and androids is chronological, and categorised by medium. It includes all depictions of robots, androids and gynoids in
List of fictional robots and androids
List_of_fictional_robots_and_androids
Concept in artificial intelligence research
level of insects, closer to real-world robots. But eventually, at least at MIT new AI did lead to an attempt for humanoid AI in the Cog Project. The conceptual
Situated approach (artificial intelligence)
Situated_approach_(artificial_intelligence)
application scenario Process Design & Innovation are collaborative robots. Collaborative robotic arms are able to learn the motion and path demonstrated by human
Artificial intelligence in industry
Artificial_intelligence_in_industry
Method of teaching in which students teach the subject to each other
learning process in artificial systems. In the context of human-robot interaction, the LdL approach provides a compelling model for designing robots that
Learning_by_teaching
"14th Five-Year Plan" (2021–2025) prioritized service robots, with AI systems enabling robots to perform complex tasks like assisting in surgeries or
History of artificial intelligence
History_of_artificial_intelligence
Software process that combines robotic process automation and artificial intelligence
integrates robotic process automation (RPA) with artificial intelligence techniques (such as machine learning, natural-language processing, and computer
Intelligent_automation
AI whose outputs can be understood by humans
in causality-based localization vs. knowledge editing in language models". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 36: 17643–17668.{{cite journal}}:
Explainable artificial intelligence
Explainable_artificial_intelligence
Mechanism for enabling artificial agents to exhibit curiosity
study of artificial intelligence and robotics, is a mechanism for enabling artificial agents (including robots) to exhibit inherently rewarding behaviours
Intrinsic motivation (artificial intelligence)
Intrinsic_motivation_(artificial_intelligence)
Software
programming and simulation software for industrial robots. The simulation software allows you to program robots outside the production environment, eliminating
RoboDK
Technology and methods used to provide imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis
often associated with image processing. The primary uses for machine vision are automatic inspection and industrial robot/process guidance. In more recent
Machine_vision
Technological phenomenon with social implications
algorithm, it makes for provisions for "harm resulting from any processing or any kind of processing undertaken by the fiduciary". It defines "any denial or withdrawal
Algorithmic_bias
Field of scientific study
and implement them in robots, sometimes exploring extensions or variants of them. The experimentation of those models in robots allows researchers to
Developmental_robotics
1920 play by Karel Čapek
robots. The robots storm the factory and kill all the humans except for Alquist, the company's Clerk of the Works (Head of Construction). The robots spare
R.U.R.
Use of various control systems for operating equipment
automobile spray painting. Robots are also used to assemble electronic circuit boards. Automotive welding is done with robots and automatic welders are
Automation
System of multiple interacting agents
magnetic microrobotics: From individual and multiple robots to swarms". Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems. 4: 509–534. doi:10
Multi-agent_system
Fictional universe created by Isaac Asimov
narrative: Robot series (I): Short stories about robots, set from the 20th to 22nd centuries (1995–2180), collected in The Rest of the Robots (1964), The
Foundation_universe
Muslim engineer and artist (1136–1206)
of Musical Robots, Michael Krzyzaniak, Arizona State University, School of Arts, Media and Engineering" (PDF). 2.Prehistory of Musical Robots, Michael Krzyzaniak
Ismail_al-Jazari
AI accelerator ASIC by Google
Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) is a neural processing unit (NPU) application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) developed by Google for neural network machine
Tensor_Processing_Unit
Reference model architecture
"Hierarchical Control of Robots Using Microcomputers". In: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Industrial Robots, Washington, DC, March 1979
Real-time_Control_System
2023 business action
announcement was made, according to Axios, and investors were not given advance knowledge. Satya Nadella and chief technology officer Kevin Scott expressed confidence
Removal of Sam Altman from OpenAI
Removal_of_Sam_Altman_from_OpenAI
Avatar-generating machine learning model
identity. Human moderators are used to remove and block any content used for the purpose of bullying, harassment, and the spread of disinformation, in
HeyGen
Universal Robots, Karel Čapek's play of sentient robots endowed with emotions used as slave labor is not only credited with the invention of the term 'robot' (derived
Ethics of artificial intelligence
Ethics_of_artificial_intelligence
American artificial intelligence company
capability of reducing processing time from six days to two hours. In December 2016, OpenAI released "Universe", a software platform for measuring and training
OpenAI
Swiss physicist
learning capabilities of robots, she showed that she could also teach robots to catch objects in flight. The video of their robot catching objects in flight
Aude_Billard
Chinese text-to-video model
launched the first version of Kling AI in June 2024, making it available for public testing within its video editing app, KuaiYing. In December 2024,
Kling_AI
2024 controversy
abusive, offensive, exploitative, and done without Taylor's consent and/or knowledge." White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre expressed concern over
Taylor Swift deepfake pornography controversy
Taylor_Swift_deepfake_pornography_controversy
AI that generates content
Leap in A.I. Technology". The New York Times. "A technique for more effective multipurpose robots". MIT News. 2024. Poole, Ben (2022). "DreamFusion: Text-to-3D
Generative_AI
Aspect of system integration regarding artificial intelligence
MissionEngine: Multi-system integration using Python in the Tactical Language Project COG, a humanoid robot at M.I.T. The Open Knowledge Initiative Library
Artificial intelligence systems integration
Artificial_intelligence_systems_integration
rank—to be solved was in hypergraph theory: "A Constant-Factor Lower Bound For H (n)" by GPT-5.4. Such was the novelty of the methodology that memes were
FrontierMath
Disciplines into which the field of engineering is conventionally divided
Engineering optimization Engineering statistics Front-end engineering Knowledge engineering Life-cycle engineering Redundancy (engineering) Reverse engineering
List_of_engineering_branches
Jason Palmer. Call for debate on killer robots, BBC News, 8/3/09. Jason Mick (blog). Science New Navy-funded Report Warns of War Robots Going "Terminator"
Philosophy of artificial intelligence
Philosophy_of_artificial_intelligence
AI software development optimisation
produce code suitable for real-world applications, even as tools like Cursor Composer, GitHub Copilot, and Replit Agent make the process increasingly accessible
AI-assisted software development
AI-assisted_software_development
Type of software system
scheduling, business rule processing, problem solving, complex event processing, intrusion detection, predictive analytics, robotics, computer vision, and
Reasoning_system
Hardware or software designed to provide company
companion robots provide opportunities for cognitive stimulation through conversational engagement and encouraging social interaction. Social robots have been
Artificial_human_companion
Branch of engineering dealing with automated solutions to physical activities
and processes. Automation engineers are experts who have the knowledge and ability to design, create, develop and manage machines and systems, for example
Automation_engineering
2023 letter calling for a pause on AI system training
technologies) Raja Chatila (professor of robotics, AI and Ethics and former Director of Research at the French National Centre for Scientific Research) Moshe Vardi
Pause Giant AI Experiments: An Open Letter
Pause_Giant_AI_Experiments:_An_Open_Letter
American artificial intelligence company
"most capable AI" to automate and improve coding processes, emphasizing security, privacy, and efficiency for businesses, with plans to build artificial general
Poolside_AI
Use of knowledge for practical goals
intelligence: it includes robot ethics, which deals with ethical issues involved in the design, construction, use, and treatment of robots, as well as machine
Technology
AI standards for robustness and data privacy
privacy for exposing statistical data while guaranteeing that no private information is exposed. Zero-knowledge proof - providing proven validity for statements
Trustworthy_AI
Marketing tactic
keep them from falling for such marketing gimmicks. The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) imposes penalties for companies indulging
AI_washing
new applications for robots require them to work alongside people as capable members of human-robot teams. These include robots for homes, hospitals,
Human–robot_collaboration
interacting socially with a robot and, in general, people tend to prefer smaller robots to large humanoid robots. They also prefer robots to do tasks like cleaning
Social_robot
Study of making products from raw materials
Pharmaceutical production Petrochemical manufacturing Mineral processing Printed circuit board production Process engineering involves the utilization of multiple
Process_engineering
Computer program acting for a user
of agent processing can be approached from two interrelated directions: internal state processing and ontologies for representing knowledge interaction
Software_agent
Blueprint for intelligent agents
In contrast, subsymbolic processing specifies no such a priori assumptions, relying only on emergent properties of processing units (e.g., nodes [clarification
Cognitive_architecture
2024 science fiction animated series
Judgment Day, Lee finds himself and his three children pursued by an unknown robot assassin and a mysterious soldier from the year 2022 has been sent to protect
Terminator_Zero
Chatbot developed by Microsoft
from Tay was a really important part of actually expanding that team's knowledge base, because now they're also getting their own diversity through learning"
Tay_(chatbot)
Field of machine learning
Stefan (2003). Reinforcement Learning for Humanoid Robotics (PDF). IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots. Archived from the original (PDF)
Reinforcement_learning
Subfield of artificial intelligence
solve problems that require the processing of very large data sets. DAI systems consist of autonomous learning processing nodes (agents), that are distributed
Distributed artificial intelligence
Distributed_artificial_intelligence
Acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of teaching or practice
of optimum performance. In robotics, such a system can continue to run in real-time after initial training, allowing robots to adapt to new situations
Training
Principle in artificial intelligence
to search for the best move. This defeated previous attempts to exploit the unique structure of chess or to include grandmaster knowledge directly. Likewise
Bitter_lesson
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Following; Proceeding
Boy/Male
Hindu
Blossoming, Progressing
Boy/Male
British, Christian, English, Italian
Solemn Procession; Display
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a ford, Middle English, Old English ford, or a habitational name from one of the many places named with this word, such as Ford in Northumberland, Shropshire, and West Sussex, or Forde in Dorset.Irish : Anglicized form (quasi-translation) of various Gaelic names, for example Mac Giolla na Naomh ‘son of Gilla na Naomh’ (a personal name meaning ‘servant of the saints’), Mac Conshámha ‘son of Conshnámha’ (a personal name composed of the elements con ‘dog’ + snámh ‘to swim’), in all of which the final syllable was wrongly thought to be áth ‘ford’, and Ó Fuar(th)áin (see Foran).Jewish : Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.Translation of German Fürth (see Furth).
Male
Scandinavian
 Scandinavian form of Old Norse Þórr, TOR means "Thor" or "thunder." Compare with other forms of Tor.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sivagnana | ஸீவாகà¯à®¨à®¾à®¨à®¾
Knowledge for Shiva
Sivagnana | ஸீவாகà¯à®¨à®¾à®¨à®¾
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Happiness for Knowledge
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Processing
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Rising Upward; Progressing
Boy/Male
Tamil
Blossoming, Progressing
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sikh
Celebratory Procession
Boy/Male
Hindu
Knowledge for Shiva
Male
English
From an Old English byname, FOX means "fox."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Bramhanand | பà¯à®°à®®à¯à®¹à®¾à®¨à®‚த
Happiness for knowledge
Bramhanand | பà¯à®°à®®à¯à®¹à®¾à®¨à®‚த
Male
Welsh
Welsh form of Old Norse Ãvarr, IFOR means "bow warrior."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Ascending, Progressing
Female
English
English variant spelling of French Fleur, or perhaps just a short form of Latin Flora, both FLOR means "flower."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Ascending, Progressing
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and Catalan
English, French, and Catalan : nickname from Old French, Middle English, Catalan fort, ‘strong’, ‘brave’ (Latin fortis). In some cases it may be from the Latin personal name derived from this word; this was borne by an obscure saint whose cult was popular during the Middle Ages in southern and southwestern France.English and French : topographic name for someone who lived near a fortress or stronghold, or an occupational name for someone employed in one. Compare Fortier 1.Czech (Fořt) : variant of Forst.
Boy/Male
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Traditional
Happiness for Knowledge
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
Female
Romanian
Elaborated form of Romanian Ioana, IOANELA means "God is gracious."
Girl/Female
Latin
Gardener.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Scented; Perfumed
Male
Spanish
Spanish masculine form of Latin Carmel, CARMELO means "garden-land."
Boy/Male
Bengali, Buddhist, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Lord Buddha
Female
English
Breton form of English Agnes, OANEZ means "chaste; holy."Â
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Goddess Lakshmi; Bhaanu - Sun
Girl/Female
Irish Scottish
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
The Guided One
Female
Scottish
Scottish Gaelic form of Greek Eva, EUBHA means "life."
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESSING-FOR-ROBOTS
v. i.
The act or state of knowing; clear perception of fact, truth, or duty; certain apprehension; familiar cognizance; cognition.
n.
The act of one who proceeds, or who prosecutes a design or transaction; progress or movement from one thing to another; a measure or step taken in a course of business; a transaction; as, an illegal proceeding; a cautious or a violent proceeding.
v. t.
To own with gratitude or as a benefit or an obligation; as, to acknowledge a favor, the receipt of a letter.
v. i.
Scope of information; cognizance; notice; as, it has not come to my knowledge.
a.
Pertaining to a procession; consisting in processions; as, processionary service.
n.
An old term for litanies which were said in procession and not kneeling.
v. i.
To honor with a procession.
v. i.
Sexual intercourse; -- usually preceded by carnal; as, carnal knowledge.
v. t.
To of or admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth; to declare one's belief in; as, to acknowledge the being of a God.
v. i.
To march in procession.
v. i.
That familiarity which is gained by actual experience; practical skill; as, a knowledge of life.
a.
Urgent; exacting; importunate; as, a pressing necessity.
n.
That which is moving onward in an orderly, stately, or solemn manner; a train of persons advancing in order; a ceremonious train; a retinue; as, a procession of mourners; the Lord Mayor's procession.
v. t.
To acknowledge.
v. i.
Journey; way; method of proceeding.
v. i.
That which is or may be known; the object of an act of knowing; a cognition; -- chiefly used in the plural.
n.
The act of proceeding, moving on, advancing, or issuing; regular, orderly, or ceremonious progress; continuous course.
n.
Knowledge of one's self, or of one's own character, powers, limitations, etc.
a.
Proceeding; advancing.
n.
Established method of expression or practice; fixed way of proceeding; conventional or stated scheme; formula; as, a form of prayer.