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Software layer that provides access to data
A data access layer (DAL) is a software architectural layer that provides access to data from one or more sources, such as a relational database, NoSQL
Data_access_layer
OSI model layer for node-to-node data transfer
The data link layer, or layer 2, is the second layer of the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking. This layer is the protocol layer that transfers
Data_link_layer
Service layer in IEEE 802 network standards
In IEEE 802 LAN/MAN standards, the medium access control (MAC), also called media access control, is the layer that controls the hardware responsible for
Medium_access_control
Generic term for data management
methods of connecting to databases. Right of access to personal data Data access object Data access layer "Connecting to Oracle Database in Java". Retrieved
Data_access
Computing system architecture
separation may include the service layer, business layer, data access layer, and persistence layer. N-tier application architecture provides a model by
Multitier_architecture
Abstract interface to a computer database
guidelines "Core J2EE Patterns". This object can be found in the Data Access layer of the 3-Tier Architecture. There are various ways in which this object
Data_access_object
Architectural pattern in software engineering
entity types in a data store. A Data Mapper is a Data Access Layer that performs bidirectional transfer of data between a persistent data store (often a
Data_mapper_pattern
The task of the Data Access Layer (DAL) working group is to define and formulate VO standards for remote data access. Client data analysis software
International Virtual Observatory Alliance
International_Virtual_Observatory_Alliance
Reference model for network communication
representation of data of a distributed application. Each layer has well-defined functions and semantics and serves a class of functionality to the layer above it
OSI_model
Unit of information transmitted over a computer network
user data. In the layered architectures of communication protocol stacks, each layer implements protocols tailored to the specific type or mode of data exchange
Protocol_data_unit
Lowest abstraction layer in the Internet protocol suite
network-interface layer, host-to-network layer and network-access layer occur as synonyms either to the link layer or the data link layer, often including
Link_layer
Concept in computer software
creating a business logic layer which is separate from other tiers or layers, such as the data access layer or service layer. Each layer "knows" only a minimal
Business_logic
Testing of database software systems
of a layered process, including the user interface (UI) layer, the business layer, the data access layer and the database itself. The UI layer deals
Database_testing
Concept in software engineering
a Data Access Layer that performs bidirectional transfer of data between a persistent data store (often a relational database) and an in-memory data representation
Active_record_pattern
OSI model layer for data translation
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the presentation layer is layer 6 and serves as the data translator for the network. It is sometimes
Presentation_layer
OSI model layer for physical data transmission
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer: the layer most closely associated with
Physical_layer
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.
Transport_Layer_Security
Business representation of data
A semantic layer is a business representation of corporate data that helps end users access data autonomously using common business terms managed through
Semantic_layer
IEEE standards for local and metropolitan area networks
the OSI data link layer into two sub-layers: logical link control (LLC) and medium access control (MAC), as follows: Data link layer LLC sublayer MAC sublayer
IEEE_802
Computer networking protocol
In computer networking, Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery
Layer_2_Tunneling_Protocol
Network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage
computer network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage. SANs are primarily used to access data storage devices, such as disk arrays
Storage_area_network
Framework for communication protocols used in IP networking
the layers are the link layer, containing communication methods for data that remains within a single network segment (link); the internet layer, providing
Internet_protocol_suite
3G mobile telecommunications protocols
demonstrate these data rates. The maximum data rates given in the table are physical layer data rates. Application layer data rate is approximately 85% of that
High_Speed_Packet_Access
Framework for authentication and data security in Internet protocols
Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) is a framework for authentication and data security in Internet protocols. It decouples authentication
Simple Authentication and Security Layer
Simple_Authentication_and_Security_Layer
Highest layer in network protocol models
An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communication protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications
Application_layer
Means for multiple terminals to communicate over one medium
physical layer. A channel access method may also be a part of the multiple access protocol and control mechanism, also known as medium access control (MAC)
Channel_access_method
Type of milestone, benchmark, or deadline in project management
project may consist of three layers (or components): Data access layer (bottom) Business logic layer (middle) User interface layer (top) In this common approach
Vertical_slice
Protocol used by network devices for advertising their identity
Link Layer Discovery Protocol may be used as a component in network management and network monitoring applications. One such example is its use in data center
Link_Layer_Discovery_Protocol
Computer network protocol
The Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) is a computer network communications protocol standardized by a working group at the Internet Engineering
Registration Data Access Protocol
Registration_Data_Access_Protocol
IEEE network security standard
that operates at the medium access control layer and defines connectionless data confidentiality and integrity for media access independent protocols. It
IEEE_802.1AE
File format for scientific data
(Network Common Data Form) is a set of software libraries and self-describing, machine-independent data formats that support the creation, access, and sharing
NetCDF
Software application that historizes data
manual data entry (MDE) As opposed to enterprise historians, the data access layer in the operational historian is designed to offer sophisticated data fetching
Operational_historian
Software architecture design pattern
content (an object-oriented approach), or to the data access layer, which represents content (a data-centric approach).[citation needed] View As in the
Model–view–viewmodel
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
generally function at the lower three layers of the OSI model: the physical layer, the data link layer, and the network layer. A global area network (GAN) is
Computer_network
the media access control (MAC) sub-layer and the layer immediately above it, typically the (optional) logical link control (LLC) sub-layer. The LLC and
MAC_service_data_unit
Collection of standards for wired Ethernet
group and a collection of standards defining the physical layer and data link layer's media access control (MAC) of wired Ethernet. The standards are produced
IEEE_802.3
Sublayer of the Open Systems Interconnection model
logical link control (LLC) data communication protocol layer is the upper sublayer of the data link layer (layer 2) of the seven-layer OSI model. The LLC sublayer
Logical_link_control
Software development methodology
object of research, with Smalltalk as the language and GemStone as the data access layer. Chrysler brought in Kent Beck, a prominent Smalltalk practitioner
Extreme_programming
Transfer of data over a communication channel
Multiplexing Equalization Channel models Layer 2, the data link layer: Channel access schemes, media access control (MAC) Packet mode communication and
Data_communication
Channel used by wireless terminals
and bursty data transmission. Whenever mobile wants to make an MO (Mobile Originating) call it schedules the RACH. RACH is transport-layer channel; the
Random-access_channel
Software programming technique
the database connection initialized in your main function at the data access layer: package models import ( "database/sql" "time" ) type ( UserStorage
Dependency_injection
Computer network protocol
functionality. The transport layer puts these methods into a protocol, which means it serializes/deserializes the data and transmits it over the network
OPC_Unified_Architecture
Unit of data on an Ethernet network
frame is a data link layer protocol data unit and uses the underlying Ethernet physical layer transport mechanisms. In other words, a data unit on an
Ethernet_frame
Topics referred to by the same term
Back end (computing), the data access layer in software architecture Back-end CASE Back-end database, a database accessed indirectly through an external
Back_end
Presentation and data management in software systems
development, front end refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while back end refers to the data management and processing behind the scenes
Front_end_and_back_end
eXtensible LAN RDP Reliable Data Protocol {A protocol stack covers Layer 4 - Layer 7} This layer, presentation Layer and application layer are combined in TCP/IP
List of network protocols (OSI model)
List_of_network_protocols_(OSI_model)
Content management system platform
control to improve performance and the user experience and parts of the data access layer to reduce the number of database calls.[citation needed] Version 5
Umbraco
Extension of a private network across a public one
services selling access to their own private networks. VPNs can enhance usage privacy by making an ISP unable to access the private data exchanged across
Virtual_private_network
Data link layer communication protocol
In computer networking, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link layer (layer 2) communication protocol between two routers directly without any host
Point-to-Point_Protocol
Communications protocol
Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) is a communications protocol providing security to datagram-based applications by allowing them to communicate
Datagram Transport Layer Security
Datagram_Transport_Layer_Security
Standard for serial communication between devices without host computer
two parts: ISO 11898-1 which covers the data link layer, and ISO 11898-2 which covers the CAN physical layer for high-speed CAN. ISO 11898-3 was released
CAN_bus
Deprecated technical standard for data access over a cellular network
as an adaptation layer that makes every data network look a bit like UDP to the upper layers by providing unreliable transport of data with two 16-bit
Wireless_Application_Protocol
Network protocol supporting distributed directory information services
Directory Access Protocol (LDAP /ˈɛldæp/) is an Internet protocol for accessing directory information services that act in accordance with X.500 data and service
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol
Information exchange standards
9576-1] This layer defines and encrypts/decrypts data types from the application layer. Protocols such as MIDI, MPEG, and GIF are presentation layer formats
OSI_protocols
Networking hardware that forwards packets based on hardware address
data to the destination device. A network switch is a multiport network bridge that uses MAC addresses to forward data at the data link layer (layer 2)
Network_switch
Application layer protocol
application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication
HTTP
Data passed down to a lower layer of the OSI model, yet to be encapsulated
a service data unit (SDU) is a unit of data that has been passed down from an OSI layer or sublayer to a lower layer. This unit of data (SDU) has not
Service_data_unit
Access control paradigm
application, database, and data layer. The use of attributes bring additional context to evaluate the legitimacy of any request for access and inform the decision
Attribute-based access control
Attribute-based_access_control
Network communications domain that is isolated at the data link layer
that is partitioned and isolated in a virtual network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2). A VLAN behaves like a virtual network switch or network link
VLAN
Security architecture
is a service, provided by a layer of communicating open systems, which ensures adequate security of the systems or of data transfers as defined by ITU-T
Security service (telecommunication)
Security_service_(telecommunication)
Cryptographic network protocol
of the transmission from an observer, even if the observer has access to the entire data stream. Finnish computer scientist Tatu Ylönen designed SSH in
Secure_Shell
Digital optical disc data storage format
same dimensions. A standard single-layer DVD can store up to 4.7 GB of data, a dual-layer DVD up to 8.5 GB. Dual-layer, double-sided DVDs can store up to
DVD
IEEE standard for low-rate wireless personal area networks
wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN). It specifies the physical layer and media access control for LR-WPANs, and is maintained by the IEEE 802.15 working
IEEE_802.15.4
Communications protocol
(slave-to-slave communication) The data link layer FDL (Field bus Data Link) servicesand protocols work with a hybrid access method that combines token passing
Profibus
Comprehensive computer networking implementation
instructs the wireless protocol to transmit the data packet to B. On this computer, the lower-layer handlers will pass the packet up to the inter-network
Protocol_stack
HTTP extension supporting TLS encryption
communication protocol is encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS) or, formerly, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). The protocol is therefore also referred
HTTPS
Computer system that receives and forwards requests
"layer" of encryption before passing the data on to the next relay and ultimately the destination. This reduces the possibility of the original data being
Proxy_server
the data and business rule definitions and the rule enforcer. The data management services provide a data abstraction layer, similar to a data access layer
LANSA (development environment)
LANSA_(development_environment)
Standard for computer networking over a cable television system
high-bandwidth data transfer to an existing cable television (CATV) system. It is used by many cable television operators to provide cable Internet access over
DOCSIS
Radio communication link
communication. The air interface involves both the physical and data link layers (layer 1 and 2) of the OSI model for a connection. The physical connection
Air_interface
Global system of connected computer networks
application-germane data structure, such as the HyperText Markup Language (HTML).[citation needed] Below this top layer, the transport layer connects applications
Internet
Wireless network standard
(LAN) technical standards, and specifies the set of medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) protocols for implementing wireless local area network
IEEE_802.11
IEEE standard
which defines logical link control (LLC) as the upper portion of the data link layer of the OSI Model. The original standard developed by the Institute
IEEE_802.2
Programming paradigm
we may want to add logging to classes within the data-access layer and also to classes in the UI layer whenever a thread enters or exits a method. Further
Aspect-oriented_programming
Low-power wireless mesh networking protocol for the Internet of things
individually IP-addressable, application data can be routed to and from the wider network without an application-layer gateway; this distinguishes Thread from
Thread_(network_protocol)
OSI layer can request the services of another OSI layer. As an example, PD-SAP or PLME-SAP in IEEE 802.15.4 can be mentioned, where the medium access control
Service_Access_Point
Secure network protocol suite
layer, such as Transport Layer Security (TLS) that operates above the transport layer and Secure Shell (SSH) that operates at the application layer,
IPsec
Application-level throughput of a network
layer, network layer and sometimes data link layer protocol overhead is included in the throughput, but is excluded from the goodput. Transport layer
Goodput
Type of computer memory
memory; data is lost when power is removed. The static qualifier differentiates SRAM from dynamic random-access memory (DRAM): SRAM will hold its data permanently
Static_random-access_memory
Component Object Model APIs for accessing data sources
Components), it provides a middleware layer between programming languages and OLE DB (a means of accessing data stores, whether databases or not, in a
ActiveX_Data_Objects
Technique for anonymous communication over a computer network
network, messages are encapsulated in layers of encryption, analogous to the layers of an onion. The encrypted data is transmitted through a series of network
Onion_routing
Serial bus connecting MAC devices with the Ethernet physical layer
Independent Interface, or MII. The MII connects media access control (MAC) devices with Ethernet physical layer (PHY) circuits. The MAC device controlling the
Management_Data_Input/Output
Technology for computer networking
Token Ring is a physical and data link layer computer networking technology used to build local area networks. It was introduced by IBM in 1984, and standardized
Token_Ring
Concept in software engineering
are all concerned with eliminating the need to write a conventional Data access layer underneath the domain objects. These patterns are complementary and
Naked_objects
single ODBC-like driver layer, the Data Access Manager (DAM). DAM was ODBC-like in concept, but did not include the SQL layers, it was strictly a system
Data_Access_Language
Family of wireless network protocols
local area networking of devices and Internet access, allowing nearby digital devices to exchange data by radio waves. These are the most widely used
Wi-Fi
Link Access Procedure (LAP) protocols are data link layer protocols for framing and transmitting data across point-to-point links. LAP was originally derived
Link_access_procedure
Web programming language
returned instead. This can simplify the code and interfaces to the data access layer. JS++ provides 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit integer types as
JS++
System for exchanging messages between computing systems
reported to the network layer. The exchange of data link units (including flow control) is defined by this layer. The physical layer describes details like
Communication_protocol
Network topology in which nodes form a ring
the physical layer and a media access unit (MAU) to imitate a ring at the datalink layer. Ring networks are used by ISPs to provide data backhaul services
Ring_network
Authentication networking protocol
protocol that runs in the application layer, and can use either TCP or UDP. Network access servers, which control access to a network, usually contain a RADIUS
RADIUS
Practices to secure access to a data center
Data center security is the set of policies, precautions and practices adopted at a data center to avoid unauthorized access and manipulation of its resources
Data_center_security
Organization that provides access to the Internet
by access providers can be considered wide area networks. ISPs can have access networks, aggregation networks/aggregation layers/distribution layers/edge
Internet_service_provider
Application running at the network layer and above
network service is an application running at the network layer and above, that provides data storage, manipulation, presentation, communication or other
Network_service
Database protocol
Tabular Data Stream (TDS) is an application layer protocol used to transfer data between a database server and a client. It was initially designed and
Tabular_Data_Stream
Standard in building automation
link layer, which sits above the specific data link layers for each medium, provides access control and the logical link control; A network layer (for
KNX
Accumulation of data corruption on a storage device over time
dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) can occur when the electric charge of a bit in DRAM disperses, possibly altering program code or stored data. DRAM may
Data_degradation
Ethernet-based fieldbus system
specifications - Part 3-12: Data-link layer service definition - Part 4-12: Data-link layer protocol specification - Part 5-12: Application layer service definition
EtherCAT
Lossy audio compression format
for files containing this type of audio data, or its extended variant MPEG-2 Audio Layer II. MPEG-1 Audio Layer II was developed by Philips, CCETT and
MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II
Method of extracting data from websites
harvesting, or web data extraction is data scraping used for extracting data from websites. Web scraping software may directly access the World Wide Web
Web_scraping
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
Female
Hindi/Indian
(लता) Hindi name derived from a plant name, from the Sanskrit word lata, LATA means "creeper," in reference to a creeping plant.
Female
English
 English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Hebrew
(דִּיתָה) Pet form of Hebrew Yehuwdiyth, DITA means "Jewess" or "praised." Compare with another form of Dita.
Female
Polish
 Variant spelling of Polish Dyta, DITA means "rich battle." Compare with another form of Dita.
Female
English
 Middle English name DARA means "brave, daring." Compare with another form of Dara.
Girl/Female
Hindu
A creeper
Male
Iranian/Persian
 Short form of Persian Dârayavahush, DARA means "possesses a lot, wealthy." Compare with other forms of Dara.
Female
Finnish
 Short form of Finnish Katariina, KATA means "pure." Compare with other forms of Kata.
Female
Hungarian
 Short form of Hungarian Katalin, KATA means "pure." Compare with other forms of Kata.
Female
Slavic
 Short form of Slavic Bogdana, DANA means "gift from God." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Hebrew
(×“Ö¼Ö¸× Ö¸×”) Feminine form of Hebrew Dan, DANA means "judge." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Male
Turkish
Turkish name ATA means "ancestor."
Female
Russian
 Short form of Russian Yekaterina, KATA means "pure." Compare with other forms of Kata.
Male
Hebrew
(דֶּרַע) Hebrew name DARA means "the arm." In the bible, this is the name of a son of Zerah. Compare with other forms of Dara.
Male
Irish
 From Irish Gaelic Mac Dara, DARA means "son of oak." Compare with other forms of Dara.
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark."
Female
Finnish
Variant form of Finnish Aada, AATA means "noble."
Male
Irish
Irish Gaelic name MAC DARA means "son of oak." This is the name of a patron saint and is still common in Ireland, especially in Connemara.
Female
Polish
Short form of Polish Edyta, DYTA means "rich battle."
Male
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Dathan, DATAN means "belonging to a fountain."
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
Girl/Female
British, Christian, Dutch, English, Greek, Latin, Teutonic
Horse Protector; Famous Guardian
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Son of Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Muslim
Generous
Boy/Male
Native American American
Friend; ally. Tribal name.
Girl/Female
British, English, German, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Jasmine Flower; Flower
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Lotus Stem
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord venkateswara
Boy/Male
Hebrew
God will develop.
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Bridge; Name of a Mountain in Bhagavatham
Girl/Female
English
Modernand Jennifer.
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
DATA ACCESS-LAYER
n.
Increase by something added; addition; as, an access of territory. [In this sense accession is more generally used.]
n.
The point of time at which a transaction or event takes place, or is appointed to take place; a given point of time; epoch; as, the date of a battle.
a.
A data structure within random-access memory used to simulate a hardware stack; as, a push-down stack.
n. pl.
See Datum.
n.
The fruit of the date palm; also, the date palm itself.
v. t.
To make a recess in; as, to recess a wall.
n.
A second access or approach; a return.
n.
The means, place, or way by which a thing may be approached; passage way; as, the access is by a neck of land.
adv.
From side to side; crosswise; as, with arms folded across.
n.
A paroxysm; a fit of passion; an outburst; as, an access of fury.
n.
The rhythmical accent, which marks phrases and sections of a period.
v. t.
To note the time of writing or executing; to express in an instrument the time of its execution; as, to date a letter, a bond, a deed, or a charter.
n.
Modulation of the voice in speaking; manner of speaking or pronouncing; peculiar or characteristic modification of the voice; tone; as, a foreign accent; a French or a German accent.
v. t.
To pronounce with an accent or with accents.
n.
A coming to, or near approach; admittance; admission; accessibility; as, to gain access to a prince.
v. t.
To note or fix the time of, as of an event; to give the date of; as, to date the building of the pyramids.
v. t.
To divide or distribute proportionally; to assess pro rata.
n.
That addition to a writing, inscription, coin, etc., which specifies the time (as day, month, and year) when the writing or inscription was given, or executed, or made; as, the date of a letter, of a will, of a deed, of a coin. etc.
pl.
of Datum
v. t.
To express the accent of (either by the voice or by a mark); to utter or to mark with accent.