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Computer program whose performance is heavily dependent on the speed of the CPU
In computer science, a task, job or process is said to be CPU-bound (or compute-bound) when the time it takes for it to complete is determined principally
CPU-bound
Computer program whose performance is heavily dependent on time spent waiting on I/O
input/output operations to be completed, which can be juxtaposed with being CPU bound. This circumstance arises when the rate at which data is requested is
I/O_bound
Method by which work is assigned
either I/O-bound or CPU-bound. An I/O-bound process is one that spends more of its time doing I/O than it spends doing computations. A CPU-bound process
Scheduling_(computing)
Low-overhead rendering API
the CPU is the bottleneck. The design goals of Mantle are to allow games and applications to utilize the CPUs and GPUs more efficiently, eliminate CPU bottlenecks
Mantle_(API)
Particular execution of a computer program
interactive processes that are given higher priority with respect to CPU-bound processes; therefore users are immediately assigned computing resources
Process_(computing)
Type of computing function
an additional cost in the form of an expensive CPU computation: CPU-bound functions would consume CPU resources at the sender's machine for each message
Memory-bound_function
Factor influencing processor clock speed
buses, so the term "clock doubling" has lost much of its impact. For CPU-bound applications, clock doubling will theoretically improve the overall performance
CPU_multiplier
Mechanism that ensures threads are not executed in parallel
running the process on a multiprocessor machine. Due to signaling with a CPU-bound thread, it can cause a significant slowdown, even on single processors
Global_interpreter_lock
Computer utility for Unix-like operating systems
processes that are mostly I/O-bound over processes that are CPU-bound). As a simple example, when two otherwise identical CPU-bound processes are running simultaneously
Nice_(Unix)
Serverless computing platform
compilation often provides better performance consistency, particularly for CPU-bound tasks. For short-lived Lambda invocations, Rust and Go generally maintain
AWS_Lambda
Power management technique in computers
reducing performance. Hence, it is generally used when the workload is not CPU-bound. Dynamic frequency scaling by itself is rarely worthwhile as a way to
Dynamic_frequency_scaling
Amount of computational work that a computer system performs
to state that it includes mostly the last minute. For single-CPU systems that are CPU bound, one can think of load average as a measure of system utilization
Load_(computing)
JavaScript runtime environment
multiple cores. Another problem is that long-lasting computations and other CPU-bound tasks freeze the entire event-loop until completion.[citation needed]
Node.js
Type of computer security breach
Erik-Oliver; Robertson, William (2012-12-03). TRESOR-HUNT: attacking CPU-bound encryption. ACM. pp. 71–78. doi:10.1145/2420950.2420961. ISBN 978-1-4503-1312-4
Evil_maid_attack
System that regulates the formation of blocks on a blockchain
puzzle. Moreover, the underlying functions used by these schemes may be: CPU-bound where the computation runs at the speed of the processor, which greatly
Proof_of_work
Type of spatial anti-aliasing
as texture, bandwidth, and fillrate. (If a program is highly TCL-bound or CPU-bound, supersampling can be used without much performance hit.) According
Multisample_anti-aliasing
Temporarily interrupting a computer task
are waiting for input or output (called "I/O bound"), and those that are fully utilizing the CPU ("CPU bound"). In early systems, processes would often
Preemption_(computing)
1980 novel by Douglas Adams
lengthy description of tea, causing Eddie the Shipboard Computer to become CPU-bound and unable to fight the Vogon ship off. Desperate, Zaphod decides to hold
The Restaurant at the End of the Universe
The_Restaurant_at_the_End_of_the_Universe
CPU models: Server and workstation CPUs single-CPU: Pentium D15nn, Xeon D-15nn, Xeon E3-12nn v4, Xeon E5-16nn v4 dual-CPU: Xeon E5-26nn v4 quad-CPU:
List_of_Intel_processors
Software loop that processes events
will return early with EINTR; if a signal is received while the task is CPU bound, the task will be suspended between instructions until the signal handler
Event_loop
Database operated in a single location
but are not limited to: Centralized databases store data on a single CPU bound to a single certain physical/geographical location. Distributed databases
Centralized_database
Range of mainframe computers in the 1960s and 70s
used disks rather than drum storage, and the B5700, which allowed multiple CPUs to be clustered around shared disk. While there was no successor to the B5700
Burroughs_Large_Systems
Overview of and topical guide to Python
extensions or JIT compilers (PyPy). Global interpreter lock — limits parallel CPU-bound threads in CPython Memory consumption — high memory use compared to some
Outline of the Python programming language
Outline_of_the_Python_programming_language
Computer server providing database services
tools, etc.) to provide actual functionality. Performance is often CPU-bound, not I/O-bound A well-tuned database spends most of its time processing data in
Database_server
Standard UNIX utility
launching another. $ find /path -name '*.foo' | xargs -P 24 -I '{}' /cpu/bound/process '{}' -o '{}'.out xargs often covers the same functionality as
Xargs
Power management technique of varying the voltage used by a component
sufficiently CPU-bound. This again highlights why dynamic voltage scaling is generally done in conjunction with dynamic frequency scaling, at least for CPUs. There
Dynamic_voltage_scaling
Window manager for Microsoft Windows
buffers – depending on the technologies used for that, this might still be CPU-bound. DWM-agnostic rendering techniques like GDI are redirected to the buffers
Desktop_Window_Manager
Adjusting the complexity of a 3D model representation to save storage and computation
transform bound scenario, an ad-hoc written application can be used. The use of simple algorithms and minimum fragment operations ensures that CPU bounding does
Level of detail (computer graphics)
Level_of_detail_(computer_graphics)
Just-in-time compiler for Python
cross-platform compatibility over Psyco. Psyco can noticeably speed up CPU-bound applications. The actual performance depends greatly on the application
Psyco
Techniques to protect against brute-force attack
choose an appropriate number of hashes for the lifespan of the system). CPU-bound hash functions are still vulnerable to hardware implementations. Such
Key_stretching
Processing scheduling algorithm
short CPU bursts. Give preference to processes with high I/O bursts. (I/O bound processes will sleep in the wait queue to give other processes CPU time
Multilevel_feedback_queue
Linux kernel patch protecting against cold boot attacks
encryption using only the CPU to defend against cold boot attacks on computer systems by performing encryption inside CPU registers rather than random-access
TRESOR
Series of integrated graphics processors by Intel
GeForce 8400M graphics card in some CPU-bound tests, while losing to the still low-end GeForce 8400M GS with a slower CPU. Graphics hardware and FOSS Intel
Intel_GMA
Main printed circuit board used for a computing device
electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane
Motherboard
Assignment of a task to a given core of a CPU
called CPU pinning or cache affinity, enables the binding and unbinding of a process or a thread to a central processing unit (CPU) or a range of CPUs, so
Processor_affinity
Video microchip in the Commodore 64 and C128 home computers
use of the extra keys, as well as double-speed-no-video execution of CPU-bound code (such as intensive numerical calculations) in self-made C64 programs
MOS_Technology_VIC-II
Microprocessor by Sun Microsystems
multithreading, multicore CPU released by Sun Microsystems in 2005. Designed to lower the energy consumption of server computers, the CPU typically uses 72 W
UltraSPARC_T1
Computer processor contained on an integrated-circuit chip
required to perform the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU). The microprocessor is capable of interpreting and executing machine code
Microprocessor
Smallest box which encloses some set of points
accuracy and CPU time are available. In the case where an object has its own local coordinate system, it can be useful to store a bounding box relative
Minimum_bounding_box
Successor to the Intel 386
the Intel 386. It represents the fourth generation of binary compatible CPUs following the 8086 of 1978, the Intel 80286 of 1982, and 1985's i386. It
I486
Cryptographic protocol for fighting denial-of-service attacks
puzzle protocols, in which clients are required to compute hard CPU- or memory-bound puzzles that favor clients with abundant computational resources
Guided_tour_puzzle_protocol
monopolize data access by demanding large amounts of data. Similarly, a CPU-bound application may consume all server processing power and starve other activities
Virtual_resource_partitioning
even on low graphical settings. Users have reported that the game is "CPU-bound" - a powerful processor is generally more helpful in increasing performance
History of Microsoft Flight Simulator
History_of_Microsoft_Flight_Simulator
Communication between an information processing system and the outside world
large chunks of data to and from memory independently of the CPU. Asynchronous I/O I/O bound Input device Output device Null, Linda; Julia Lobur (2006)
Input/output
AMD brand of server microprocessors
lanes, support for larger amounts of RAM, support for ECC memory, and larger CPU cache. They also support multi-chip and dual-socket system configurations
Epyc
Server software
ejabberd in those terms: "the apps that Erlang is suited for really aren't CPU bound that often, if you look at ejabberd, it serves some absolutely crazy amount
Ejabberd
Instruction for x86 microprocessors
opcode) is a processor supplementary instruction (its name derived from "CPU Identification") allowing software to discover details of the processor.
CPUID
accesses, also called CPU-bound applications), but perhaps not more I/O processing power (e.g., disk or tape accesses, also called I/O-bound applications). "IOSB
Input/Output_Supervisor_Block
Automatic, disk-wide data compression
system is generally CPU bound, disk compression tends to decrease overall performance because data compression requires significant CPU time. But for a system
Disk_compression
Software analysis tool
"Roofline Analysis" helps to identify if given loop/function is memory or CPU bound. It also identifies under optimized loops that can have a high impact
Intel_Advisor
Private university in Iloilo, Philippines
Central Philippine University (also known as Central or CPU) is a private Protestant research university in Iloilo City, Philippines. Established in 1905
Central_Philippine_University
Amount of useful work accomplished by a computer
trade-offs between types of performance. Occasionally a CPU designer can find a way to make a CPU with better overall performance by improving one of the
Computer_performance
Computer architecture where code and data each have a separate bus
run in the CPU requires an access to memory, the computer gains nothing for increased CPU speed—a problem referred to as being memory bound. It is possible
Harvard_architecture
Scheduling technique in computer science
schedule that will always meet deadlines exists if the CPU utilization is below a specific bound (depending on the number of tasks). The schedulability
Rate-monotonic_scheduling
American multinational semiconductor company
headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It develops central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
AMD
Home video game console
as Mode 7 to simulate 3D perspective and eight-channel ADPCM audio. Its CPU was designed to accommodate ongoing technological innovations by allowing
Super Nintendo Entertainment System
Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System
Theoretical computer used for teaching
fully operational virtual computer, including both hardware (memory and CPU) and software (assembler, VM, Java-like programming language, and OS). In
Hack_computer
Software that manages computer hardware resources
enables each CPU to access memory belonging to other CPUs. Multicomputer operating systems often support remote procedure calls where a CPU can call a procedure
Operating_system
Software library by AMD
BIOS of such mainboards, AGESA is responsible for the initialization of the CPU cores, chipset, main memory, and the HyperTransport controller. AGESA was
AGESA
Microprocessor produced by Western Digital
costing $35,680 (equivalent to $139,420 in 2025). They found that their CPU-bound benchmark executed in 31.4 seconds on the AM-100T compared to 218 seconds
WD16
Algorithm
would present the idea of matching pairs of gangs, one I/O based and one CPU bound. Each gang would assume that it is working in isolation as they utilize
Gang_scheduling
American computer technology company
Intel CPUs, OpenCL capable GPUs and CUDA support for NVIDIA GPUs. The OpenRL API was shipped in a free SDK with implementations for Intel CPUs, OpenCL
Caustic_Graphics
Open-source CPU instruction set architecture
software, simulations, and CPU designs. The RISC-V authors and their institution originally sourced the ISA documents and several CPU designs under BSD licenses
RISC-V
List of x86 microprocessor instructions
an NE2000 NDIS driver and Microsoft Windows 3.0) to detect whether the CPU is an 80286 or not. The LGDT, LIDT, LLDT and LTR instructions are serializing
List_of_x86_instructions
Microprocessor security vulnerability
Meltdown is one of the two original speculative execution CPU vulnerabilities (the other being Spectre). Meltdown affects Intel x86 microprocessors, IBM
Meltdown (security vulnerability)
Meltdown_(security_vulnerability)
Concurrent programming algorithm for mutual exclusion
and delay and combine writes. Multiple CPU cores can access the same memory with true concurrency. Multiple CPUs can have separate caches that can delay
Peterson's_algorithm
Compiling bytecode to machine code at runtime
CPU and the operating system model where the application runs. For example, JIT can choose SSE2 vector CPU instructions when it detects that the CPU supports
Just-in-time_compilation
Semiconductor memory supply crisis
resources, CPUs are also experiencing shortage issues due to low fabrication capacity, prioritisation of server CPUs, and increased demand, with CPU prices
2024–present global memory supply shortage
2024–present_global_memory_supply_shortage
Resource limit method in Linux
kernel feature that limits, accounts for, and isolates the resource usage (CPU, memory, disk I/O, etc.) of a collection of processes. Engineers at Google
Cgroups
Component of a computer process
valid). The kernel can assign one or more software threads to each core in a CPU (it being able to assign itself multiple software threads depending on its
Thread_(computing)
Microprocessor model
microprocessor that was introduced on February 1, 1982. It was the first 8086-based CPU with separate, non-multiplexed address and data buses and also the first
Intel_80286
Dogecoin and Litecoin. Scrypt was chosen because it is memory bound rather than CPU bound. Once a user registers with the app, they are issued a unique
Pan-European Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing
Pan-European_Privacy-Preserving_Proximity_Tracing
64-bit extension of x86 architecture
Here x86-64-v4 feature level is not supported by CPU, but x86-64-v3 and x86-64-v2 are, which means this CPU does not support AVX512 required at v4 level.
X86-64
Data structure in microprocessors
together are referred to as interrupts: Processor exceptions generated by the CPU have fixed mapping to the first up to 32 interrupt vectors. While 32 vectors
Interrupt_descriptor_table
Family of computing problems
semaphore indicating the length of the queue, was incremented (in a V) by the CPU and decremented (in a P) by the channel, the other one, counting the number
Producer–consumer_problem
Real-time operating system (RTOS) software
year. In 1982, the first version of QUNIX was released for the Intel 8088 CPU. In 1984, Quantum Software Systems renamed QUNIX to QNX (Quantum's Network
QNX
Small, hand-held computing device
or travel card, does not have a display. This mobile device often has a CPU and memory but needs to connect or be inserted into a reader to display its
Mobile_device
Parallel computing platform and programming model
a software layer that manages data, giving direct access to the GPU and CPU as necessary, and a library of APIs that enable parallel computation for
CUDA
Digital circuit without clock cycles
on an asynchronous CPU; all major components of a clocked CPU must remain synchronized with the central clock; a traditional CPU cannot "go faster" than
Asynchronous_circuit
HTTP server for Ruby
were either heavily IO-bound or that interleaved IO and CPU work”, but that Unicorn was still slightly better performing in pure CPU situations. GitLab switched
Unicorn_(web_server)
Computer hardware device
manipulating an output port for data transmission. While very CPU-intensive (since the CPU timing is critical), the UART chip can thus be omitted, saving
Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter
Universal_asynchronous_receiver-transmitter
Home video game console
N64 in 1993 in collaboration with Silicon Graphics. Named for its 64-bit CPU, the N64 features a coprocessor that processes graphics and sound separately
Nintendo_64
NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization
approximately 15.7 CPU-years (Cook et al. 2006). In April 2006 an instance with 85,900 points was solved using Concorde TSP Solver, taking over 136 CPU-years; see
Travelling_salesman_problem
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
and concurrency are two different things: a parallel program uses multiple CPU cores, each core performing a task independently. On the other hand, concurrency
Parallel_computing
generation Intel Core "Skylake" CPUs. The last CPU generation to support them was the 9th generation Core "Coffee Lake" CPUs. Intel MPX adds 4 new registers
List of discontinued x86 instructions
List_of_discontinued_x86_instructions
Mainframe computer by Control Data
had two CPUs (both 6400 CPUs), the CDC 6600 had one CPU (a 6600 CPU), and the CDC 6700 had two CPUs (one 6600 CPU and one 6400 CPU). The Central Processor
CDC_6600
Study of hardware and software systems that have a "real-time constraint"
from this era. Background-foreground scheduling allowed low-priority tasks CPU time when no foreground task needed to execute, and gave absolute priority
Real-time_computing
8/16-bit microprocessor
or CPU developed and sold by the Western Design Center (WDC). Introduced in 1985, the W65C816S is an enhanced version of the WDC 65C02 8-bit CPU, itself
WDC_65C816
Software for approximate simulation of physical systems
time-consuming tasks from a computer's CPU, much like how a GPU performs graphics operations in the main CPU's place. The term was coined by Ageia's marketing
Physics_engine
System for dealing with email spam
the header of an email to prove the sender has expended a modest amount of CPU time calculating the stamp prior to sending the email. In other words, as
Hashcash
16-bit microcontroller
May 2, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 23, 2006. CPU http://www.cpu-world.com. "3 μm lithography process". WikiChip. Intel Corporation
Intel_80186
Datum of integral data type
(sometimes called a nibble), usually with additional bits for a sign. Many modern CPUs provide limited support for decimal integers as an extended datatype, providing
Integer_(computer_science)
either heavily IO-bound or that interleaved IO and CPU work”, but that Unicorn was still slightly better performing in situations where CPU load was the limiting
Puma_(web_server)
File format for executables, object code, shared libraries, and core dumps
32-bit pointers, the CPU type value has the 0x02000000 bit set. The CPU type values are as follows: Each CPU type has a set of CPU subtype values, indicating
Mach-O
Free Unix-like operating system kernel
noteworthy features. Concurrent computing and (with the availability of enough CPU cores for tasks that are ready to run) even true parallel execution of many
Linux_kernel
Sony Xperia Android smartphone
improved telephoto camera and audio as well as specific launch info of the May-bound flagship". Notebookcheck. Preston, Dominic (May 13, 2025). "The Xperia 1
Sony_Xperia_1_VII
Scientific law in theoretical computer science
architecture viewpoint, the memory-bounded model suggests the size, as well as speed, of the cache(s) should match the CPU performance. Today, modern microprocessors
Sun–Ni_law
Family of mainframe computers
"compute bound" (i.e. utilizing the entire CPU and core memory), business applications, typically written in COBOL, were almost always "I/O bound" (i.e.
UNIVAC_1100/2200_series
discovered or synthesized as of 2016. Computing – Computational limit of an 8-bit CPU: 127 is equal to 27−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into
Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)
Low level firmware interface to the hardware
game software). BIOS runs in the real address mode (Real Mode) of the x86 CPU, so programs that call BIOS either must also run in real mode or must switch
BIOS_interrupt_call
CPU BOUND
CPU BOUND
Boy/Male
Biblical
Threshold, silver cup.
Biblical
threshold; silver cup
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Wine Cup
Boy/Male
English American
Forest; cup bearer.
Biblical
a hill; cup
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian
Cup
Female
English
English name derived from the word, chalice, from Latin calix, CHALICE means "cup."
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Cup Bearer; Butler; Wine Servant; Knot in a Tree; Forest
Girl/Female
Biblical, Dutch, German
A Hill; Cup
Biblical
cup-bearer of the prince
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Virtuous; Divine; To be Pure; Flawless; Happiest
Female
Egyptian
, Egyptian unisex name.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Cup-bearer of the prince.
Boy/Male
English
Cup bearer.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Hill, cup, thing lifted up.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Wine Cup
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada, Sanskrit, Tamil
Star
Boy/Male
Greek Latin
Cup bearer to the gods.
Biblical
hill; cup; thing lifted up
Girl/Female
Indian
Sweet
CPU BOUND
CPU BOUND
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English
Never Gives Up
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Name of a Star
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Divine; Pure Light; Source of Wisdom; Spiritual Light
Boy/Male
Hindu
Name
Boy/Male
Hindu
Ruby
Girl/Female
Swedish Norse
Commanding.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Alekhya | அலேகà¯à®¯à®¾
A picture, A painting
Girl/Female
Tamil
Tritiya | தà¯à®°à¯€à®¤à®¿à®¯à®¾
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Love for Good Company
Boy/Male
Tamil
CPU BOUND
CPU BOUND
CPU BOUND
CPU BOUND
CPU BOUND
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cup
n.
A tall drinking cup.
a.
Cup-shaped; saucer-shaped; acetabuliform.
n.
A small vessel, used commonly to drink from; as, a tin cup, a silver cup, a wine cup; especially, in modern times, the pottery or porcelain vessel, commonly with a handle, used with a saucer in drinking tea, coffee, and the like.
n.
A kind of drinking cup.
a.
Having a calyx or cup; cup-shaped.
n.
A large drinking cup.
n.
A small pan or cup.
n.
A cup used for holding an egg, at table.
n.
A small mug or cup.
n.
Anything shaped like a cup; as, the cup of an acorn, or of a flower.
a.
Cup-shaped.
n.
A cup or dish.
imp. & p. p.
of Cup
n.
A little can or cup.
n.
A small cup.
v. t.
To make concave or in the form of a cup; as, to cup the end of a screw.
n.
A cup. See Calyx.
n.
A drinking cup.