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Chemical reaction
Water splitting is the endergonic chemical reaction in which water is broken down into oxygen and hydrogen: 2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2 Efficient and economical
Water_splitting
Process for the dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen
Photocatalytic water splitting is a process that uses photocatalysis for the dissociation of water (H2O) into hydrogen (H 2) and oxygen (O 2). The inputs
Photocatalytic water splitting
Photocatalytic_water_splitting
Electricity-induced chemical reaction
production of fertilizers. Because the underlying chemical reaction (water splitting) does not produce greenhouse gases, the emissions footprint of electrolysis
Electrolysis_of_water
Industrial production of molecular hydrogen
of water splitting, or splitting the water molecule (H2O) into its components oxygen and hydrogen. When the source of energy for water splitting is renewable
Hydrogen_production
Structural units of protein involved in photosynthesis
a complex highly organized transmembrane structure that contains a water splitting complex, chlorophylls and carotenoid pigments, a reaction center (P680)
Photosystem
Acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a catalyst
gap and improving charge carrier separation. Photocatalytic water splitting separates water into hydrogen and oxygen: 2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2 The most prevalently
Photocatalysis
Heat-sustained chemical process which decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen
to the initial amount of water), more than 80% of the required energy ΔH must be provided as work in order for water-splitting to proceed. If phase transitions
Thermochemical_cycle
First protein complex in light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis
by oxidizing water to form hydrogen ions and molecular oxygen. By replenishing lost electrons with electrons from the splitting of water, photosystem
Photosystem_II
Photoelectrolysis of water, also known as photoelectrochemical water splitting, occurs in a photoelectrochemical cell when light is used as the energy
Photoelectrolysis_of_water
Catalyst participating in electrochemical reactions
be used as electrocatalysts for processes such as CO2 reduction and water splitting. MOFs provide potential active sites at both metal centers and organic
Electrocatalyst
Device for artificial photosynthesis
photohydrogen from sunlight and water. The panel uses electrochemical water splitting, where energy captured from solar panels powers water electrolysis, producing
Solar_hydrogen_panel
Artificial process that uses sunlight energy to drive chemical synthesis
described as artificial photosynthesis. Photocatalytic water splitting, the conversion of water into hydrogen and oxygen: 2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2 This scheme
Artificial_photosynthesis
Chemical compound
for pigment use. BiVO4 has received attention as a photocatalyst for water splitting and for remediation.[of what?] In the monoclinic phase, BiVO4 is an
Bismuth_vanadate
Chemical compound
oxide–cerium(III) oxide cycle or CeO2/Ce2O3 cycle is a two step thermochemical water splitting process based on cerium(IV) oxide and cerium(III) oxide for hydrogen
Cerium(III)_oxide
Sources of electricity or hydrogen via electrolysis
carbohydrates instead of molecular hydrogen. A (water-splitting) photoelectrolytic cell electrolizes water into hydrogen and oxygen gas by irradiating the
Photoelectrochemical_cell
Branch of physical chemistry
sustainable energy. Artificial photosynthesis, photoelectrochemical water splitting and regenerative solar cells are of special interest in this context
Photoelectrochemistry
Method for producing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from hydrocarbon fuels
storage. Zero carbon 'green' hydrogen is produced by thermochemical water splitting, using solar thermal, low- or zero-carbon electricity or waste heat
Steam_reforming
Generation of molecular oxygen through a biochemical or chemical reaction
of generating molecular oxygen through chemical reactions such as water splitting and electrolysis, and improved OER electrocatalysis is the key to the
Oxygen_evolution
by water oxidation since oxygen is readily obtained from air. Instead, interest in water oxidation is motivated by its relevance to water splitting, which
Water_oxidation_catalysis
Biological process to convert light into chemical energy
oxygenic photosynthesis, a process that releases oxygen as a byproduct of water splitting. Photosynthetic organisms store the converted chemical energy within
Photosynthesis
Water-oxidizing enzyme in photosynthesis
also known as the water-splitting complex, is the active site of a water-oxidizing enzyme involved in the photo-oxidation of water during the light reactions
Oxygen-evolving_complex
Hydrogen produced by renewable energy
a barrier. Thermochemical Water Splitting: Using High heat from nuclear or solar sources to trigger chemical water-splitting reactions in solar-rich regions
Green_hydrogen
Japanese chemist
his work on the large-scale synthesis of hydrogen by photocatalytic water splitting. Dōmen earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University
Kazunari_Dōmen
Solar energy technology
silicon and an anode electrocatalyst for the oxidation of water, capable of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen gases. In 2012, Nocera came to Harvard
Bionic_Leaf
Thermochemical Cycle to produce Hydrogen from Water
Cu–Cl cycle involves four chemical reactions for water splitting, whose net reaction decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen. All other chemicals are
Copper–chlorine_cycle
Synthetic chemical fuel produced from solar energy
electrode converts light into an electric current that is then used for water splitting. One such type of cell is the dye-sensitized solar cell. This is an
Solar_fuel
American molecular engineer
postdoctoral researcher and investigated photo-electrochemical processes of water splitting. In 2011, he became tenure track assistant professor and began an independent
Kevin_Sivula
Thermochemical process used to produce hydrogen
cycle Besenbruch, G. 1982. General Atomic sulfur iodine thermochemical water-splitting process. Proceedings of the American Chemical Society, Div. Pet. Chem
Sulfur–iodine_cycle
Compound of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen
water splitting process. This flexibility can be used to tailor the band gap and band positions that are targeted in photocatalytic water splitting.
Graphite_oxide
Israeli chemist (born 1947)
and his co-workers described a solution-phase reaction scheme for water splitting. In this system, he devised ruthenium catalysts to promote the evolution
David_Milstein
either Wüstites or different spinels. The thermochemical two-step water splitting process uses two redox steps. The steps of solar hydrogen production
Iron_oxide_cycle
American scientist and entrepreneur
"Nanonet-Based Hematite Heteronanostructures for Efficient Solar Water Splitting". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (8): 2398–2401. Bibcode:2011JAChS
Stafford_Sheehan
Nitrogen-fixing cells
obtain a fixed carbon (carbohydrate) by photosynthesis. The lack of water-splitting in photosystem II prevents heterocysts from performing photosynthesis
Heterocyst
Hydrogen that is produced biologically
photosynthetic microorganisms are capable of producing H2 directly from water splitting using light as energy source. Besides the promising possibilities of
Biohydrogen
Optical coating that reduces reflection
photoelectrochemical water splitting". Energy Environ Sci. 7 (8): 2680–2688. Bibcode:2014EnEnS...7.2680B. doi:10.1039/C4EE00380B. "Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Can
Anti-reflective_coating
to obtain either hydrogen ( H 2 {\displaystyle H_{2}} ) from the splitting of water molecules ( H 2 O {\displaystyle H_{2}O} ), or also syngas, which
Ceria based thermochemical cycles
Ceria_based_thermochemical_cycles
Water oxidation is one of the half reactions of water splitting: 2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e− Oxidation (generation of dioxygen) 4H+ + 4e− → 2H2 Reduction
Heterogeneous_water_oxidation
Israeli hydrogen fuel company
Caesarea, Israel. H2Pro was founded in 2019 to commercialize a two-step water-splitting process developed at the Technion. In October 2019, Hyundai invested
H2Pro
Carbon-neutral drop-in replacement fuel
carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, together with hydrogen obtained from water splitting. Electrolysis is possible with both traditional fossil fuel energy
Electrofuel
Technology (COST) action on Computational materials sciences for efficient water splitting with nanocrystals from abundant elements. She is in the editorial advisory
Maytal_Caspary_Toroker
Spanish chemist and academic
Technology (COST) action on Computational materials sciences for efficient water splitting with nanocrystals from abundant elements. The programme looked to developed
Sofía_Calero
American chemist and educator (born 1973)
(2013-12-01). "Adaptive semiconductor/electrocatalyst junctions in water-splitting photoanodes". Nature Materials. 13 (1): 81–86. doi:10.1038/nmat3811
Shannon_W._Boettcher
Chemical element with atomic number 1 (H)
the thermal water-splitting scenario is this simple equation: 2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2 Over 200 thermochemical cycles can be used for water splitting. Many of these
Hydrogen
Indian scientist (born 1976)
storage and conversion and carbon dioxide capture, and photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen generation. Ajayan Vinu was born in a small village located
Ajayan_Vinu
Study of chemical reactions influenced by mechanical phenomena
and water can support methanogenic microbial communities. And mechanochemistry may have generated oxygen in the ancient Earth by water splitting on fractured
Mechanochemistry
fixation continuously released elemental dioxygen as a byproduct of water-splitting, eventually overwhelmed the Earth's surface reductant capabilities
Secondary_atmosphere
Chinese-American materials scientist
nanostructures for applications including optoelectronics, catalysis, water splitting, and solar cells. She is an associate professor of mechanical engineering
Pei_Dong
Topics referred to by the same term
secondary school in Hong Kong Hybrid sulfur cycle (HyS), a two-step water-splitting process HYS The Hague, the ice hockey club in The Hague, Netherlands
HYS
The hybrid sulfur cycle (HyS) is a two-step water-splitting process intended to be used for hydrogen production. Based on sulfur oxidation and reduction
Hybrid_sulfur_cycle
Iron-based alloy resistant to rust and corrosion
could enhance the electrocatalytic performance of stainless steel for water splitting. There is extensive research indicating some probable increased risk
Stainless_steel
Scientist in the field of materials science, electrocatalysis
electrocatalysis measurements, helping to standardize evaluation methods across water-splitting and fuel-cell research. 2024, Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA) Academy
Zhichuan_J._Xu
Chemist
magnetic materials and electrocatalysts for water splitting. Karunadasa continued her work on water-splitting electrocatalysts with Jeffrey R. Long and
Hemamala_Karunadasa
Hydrogen produced via light
help of hydrogenase enzymes which convert protons derived from the water splitting reaction into hydrogen gas which can then be collected and used as
Photohydrogen
Water purification method
beds, EDI accomplishes regeneration through water splitting induced by the continuous electric current. Water splits from H2O into H+ and OH− to effectively
Electrodeionization
reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrodes. Their water splitting cell using RuIr-NC as both OER and HER electrodes is able to achieve
Ruthenium-iridium nanosized coral
Ruthenium-iridium_nanosized_coral
Spanish chemist and academic researcher
improve the efficiency of water electrolysers; devices used for water splitting. In these electrolysers the oxidation of water takes place close to the
Núria_López
Concept in Electrochemistry
increases the electrolysis current, i.e. the water splitting throughput and efficiency. Thus even pure water can be efficiently electrolyzed, when the electrode
Virtual_breakdown_mechanism
Aircraft landing on a body of water
a water landing is, in the broadest sense, an aircraft landing on a body of water. Seaplanes, such as floatplanes and flying boats, land on water as
Water_landing
Powerplant that uses hydrogen to generate electricity
produce hot water as a by-product that will be used to heat houses locally, also known as district heating. Fuel cells produce a lot of hot water and a cogeneration
Hydrogen fuel cell power plant
Hydrogen_fuel_cell_power_plant
German chemist
epoxidation, alkane/alkene oxidation, as well as oxidative and reductive water splitting. Finally, they are also interested in the biological properties of
Ulrich_Kortz
Type of fuel cell
Joule heating of an electrolysis cell, which may be utilized in the water splitting process at high temperatures. Research is ongoing to add heat from
Solid_oxide_electrolyzer_cell
in the biosphere through photolysis (light-driven oxidation and splitting) of water during photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, green algae, and plants.
Dioxygen in biological reactions
Dioxygen_in_biological_reactions
Chinese-American engineer and nanoscientist
application of flame-synthesized nanowires in catalytic converters and in water splitting, high energy density aluminum/graphene oxide fuels for aerospace and
Xiaolin_Zheng
Episode of Neon Genesis Evangelion
"Splitting of the Breast" is the sixteenth episode of the Japanese anime television series Neon Genesis Evangelion, which was created by animation studio
Splitting_of_the_Breast
Archaeological museum
Ocakoglu, Kasim; van de Krol, Roel (2014-01-03). "ChemInform Abstract: Water-Splitting Catalysis and Solar Fuel Devices: Artificial Leaves on the Move". ChemInform
Museum_of_Comayagua
Public health crisis in Flint, Michigan
The Flint water crisis was a public health crisis from 2014 to 2019 which involved the drinking water for the city of Flint, Michigan, being contaminated
Flint_water_crisis
US Patent 248565 Webermeter (Electrolysis of water / water splitting)
List_of_Edison_patents
Technology for conversion of waste
green hydrogen or CO2 reduction fuel-producing methods such as water splitting or CO2 splitting, respectively. Depending on solar spectrum utilization, solar
Solar_reforming
Alloy formed with gallium and aluminium
(2022-02-14). "Aluminum Nanoparticles from a Ga–Al Composite for Water Splitting and Hydrogen Generation". ACS Applied Nano Materials. 5 (2): 2636–2643
AlGa
American materials scientist and chemical engineer
metal–organic frameworks, and their applications including reverse osmosis, water splitting for the hydrogen economy, and the detection and sequestration of radioactive
Tina_Nenoff
as an alternative to water as a fuel that can be used in this cycle. Splitting of hydrogen iodide is easier than splitting water as its Gibbs energy change
Solar–hydrogen_energy_cycle
Chemical compound
Kunkely and Arnd Vogler reported the possibility of photocatalytic water splitting with osmocene as a catalyst. International Union of Pure and Applied
Osmocene
Lamellar splitting of the distal nail plate
schízō "to split") is a common nail disorder characterized by lamellar splitting — horizontal layering and peeling of the distal (free) edge of the nail
Onychoschizia
Industrial process for ammonia production
dioxide emissions from biomass, using water electrolysis or thermochemical (solar or another heat source) water splitting. Starting with a natural gas (CH
Haber_process
Chemical compound
cerium(IV) oxide–cerium(III) oxide cycle or CeO2/Ce2O3 cycle is a two-step water splitting process that has been used for hydrogen production. Because it leverages
Cerium(IV)_oxide
Polyatomic ion
decontaminating water, and a method to catalytically produce formic acid from biomass (OxFA process). Polyoxometalates have been shown to catalyse water splitting. Some
Polyoxometalate
Astrobiological hypothesis regarding early photosynthetic organisms
chlorophyll, highly reactive dioxygen was released as a byproduct of water splitting and started to accumulate, first in the ocean and then in the atmosphere
Purple_Earth_hypothesis
American chemist
addressable sensor and (5) highest solar conversion efficiencies for solar water splitting to produce hydrogen. He is the developer of the Solar Thermal Electrochemical
Stuart_Licht
German chemist and biophysicist
primary electron-transfer chain. Later his research focused on the water splitting cycle (S-states) of photosystem II using advanced multifrequency pulse
Wolfgang_Lubitz
Splitting of water using a semipermeable membrane
Electrolysis Hydrogen production Photocatalytic water splitting Timeline of hydrogen technologies Electrolysis of water PEM fuel cell proton-exchange membrane
Anion exchange membrane electrolysis
Anion_exchange_membrane_electrolysis
American physicist
have a high surface area for use in catalysis and as electrodes in water splitting. After earning her doctorate, she briefly considered working in industry
Emily_Warren_(scientist)
Deep sea oxygen created by electrolysis
A. (2021-06-25). Parales, Rebecca E. (ed.). "Oxygen Generation via Water Splitting by a Novel Biogenic Metal Ion-Binding Compound". Applied and Environmental
Dark_oxygen
21st-century Indonesian-Australian chemical engineer
vanadate-reduced graphene oxide composite for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. The short citation made in the year of Amal's election to Fellowship
Rose_Amal
Northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea – between Sweden and Finland
post-glacial rebound will raise the seafloor in the Norra Kvarken area above water, splitting the Gulf of Bothnia into a southern gulf and northern lake. The gulf
Gulf_of_Bothnia
(born 1953) Japan "for fundamental research on photocatalysts for water splitting and the construction of solar hydrogen production systems." Shinshu
List of Clarivate Citation laureates in Chemistry
List_of_Clarivate_Citation_laureates_in_Chemistry
American researcher
thermocatalytic and photocatalytic hydrogen production systems, solar-powered water-splitting cycles, zero-emission reformers for fuel cell applications and hydrogen
Nazim_Muradov
German-American biochemist
of light, and that the precursors were derived from photosynthetic water-splitting. Applications based on his work have led to many efforts to develop
Hans_Gaffron
Materials that convert light to energy
photocatalyze water oxidation or water dissociation in a photoanodic device. Solar energy conversion may be applied to photoelectrochemical water splitting. A majority
Light_harvesting_materials
Chemical compound
lactone 3H-benzofuran-2-one forms in this process under intramolecular water splitting at high temperature and in an impure state. A similar fragmentation
2-Coumaranone
Chemical compound
(2014). "Back Electron–Hole Recombination in Hematite Photoanodes for Water Splitting". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 136 (6): 2564–2574. Bibcode:2014JAChS
Iron(III)_oxide
Chinese American scholar
stability) spanning from making of sustainable chemicals and fuels, via water splitting, carbon dioxide, to rechargeable Li-ion and Li-air batteries. She has
Yang_Shao-Horn
Porous material made from a metal
charge transfer. Thus, such foams can be used to make electrocatalytic water splitting processes more efficient. Hybrid metal foams may have favorable conductive
Metal_foam
Class of chemical substance
Until now, MOFs have been used extensively as electrocatalyst for water splitting (hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction), carbon
Metal–organic_framework
Astronautical use of materials harvested in outer space
and was one of the first used for solar-driven two-step water splitting. In this cycle, water reacts with wustite (FeO) to form magnetite (Fe3O4) and
In_situ_resource_utilization
Sub-discipline of chemistry
of photosynthetic reactions include the splitting of water to form H2 and O2, the reaction of CO2 and water to form O2 and reduced carbon compounds such
Photogeochemistry
Technology for splitting water molecules
Alkaline water electrolysis Solid oxide electrolyzer cell Anion exchange membrane electrolysis Gas cracker Photocatalytic water splitting Water purification
Proton exchange membrane electrolysis
Proton_exchange_membrane_electrolysis
Technique for producing hydrogen from water
emissions. The process provides an improved reaction kinetics for the splitting of water molecule. Part of the electricity requirement is replaced with heat
High-temperature_electrolysis
Device for measuring oxygen concentration
production in water-splitting reactions. The platinized electrodes can accomplish the real-time monitoring of hydrogen production in water-splitting device.
Oxygen_sensor
Nanoparticle catalysts
essential design of a disperse photocatalytic reactor for water splitting is that of a water sol in which the dispersed phase is made up of semiconductor
Nanomaterial-based_catalyst
Dissociation of molecules by ionizing radiation
revisit of radiolytic splitting of water, where the interaction of various types of ionizing radiation (α, β, and γ) with water produces molecular hydrogen
Radiolysis
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