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Network technique addressing head-of-line blocking
Virtual output queueing (VOQ) is a technique used in certain network switch architectures where, rather than keeping all traffic in a single queue, separate
Virtual_output_queueing
Network scheduling algorithm
Weighted fair queueing (WFQ) is a network scheduling algorithm. WFQ is both a packet-based implementation of the generalized processor sharing (GPS) policy
Weighted_fair_queueing
Performance-limiting phenomenon in computer networks
becomes large. One way to overcome this limitation is by using virtual output queues. Only switches with input buffering can suffer HOL blocking. With
Head-of-line_blocking
Synchronous serial communication interface
LPC like general-purpose input/output (GPIO) and System Management Bus (SMBus) should be tunneled through eSPI via virtual wire cycles and out-of-band message
Serial_Peripheral_Interface
American information technology company
Universal leaf, spine, and routing platforms featuring deep-buffer Virtual Output Queuing (VOQ) architecture. Available in multiple fixed-form-factor configurations
Arista_Networks
Software that emulates an entire computer
In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is the virtualization or emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and
Virtual_machine
Topics referred to by the same term
VOQ may refer to: Virtual output queueing Sierra Wireless Voq, a Smartphone Voice of Quellious, a fictional magical item in the video game EverQuest Visiting
VOQ
Data flow control switching method
channels to reduce wormhole blocking has many similarities to using virtual output queueing to reduce head-of-line blocking. A mix of source routing and logical
Wormhole_switching
Technique to suspend transmission to avoid congestion
generally being aggregated. Many switches use a technique called virtual output queues to eliminate the HOL blocking internally, so they will never send
Ethernet_flow_control
sends packets at the head of each virtual output queue to each output line card, again at rate R/N to each card. The output line card can clearly forward
Load-balanced_switch
British technology researcher
discussed dealing with the problem of head-of-line blocking using virtual output queues. McKeown holds an honorary doctorate from ETH Zurich. He is a Distinguished
Nick_McKeown
Form of input/output processing
Asynchronous I/O is a form of input/output processing that allows a program to initiate an I/O operation and continue processing other tasks before the
Asynchronous_I/O
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
nucleus) with memory protection, concurrent input/output (XIOS) and support for spooling and queueing. It also allowed for each user to run multiple programs
MP/M
Network traffic shaping and policing algorithm
release times, and this delay can usually be modelled as a delay in a virtual output buffer. For variable-length packets, where the amount of water added
Leaky_bucket
Method by which work is assigned
and the end of the response to that request. Kleinrock, Leonard (1976). Queueing Systems, Vol. 2: Computer Applications (1 ed.). Wiley-Interscience. p. 171
Scheduling_(computing)
High-speed interconnect technology
Control symbols are also used for flow control (Retry, Buffer Status, Virtual Output Queue Backpressure) and for error recovery. The error recovery procedure
RapidIO
Software that manages computer hardware resources
such as eCos. A hypervisor is an operating system that runs a virtual machine. The virtual machine is an application that emulates hardware; in other words
Operating_system
Mathematical Theory
is used for optimization of queueing networks and other stochastic systems. The technique is for stabilizing a queueing network while also minimizing
Drift_plus_penalty
Operating system
Single Virtual Storage (SVS) refers to Release 1 of Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 (OS/VS2); it is the successor system to the MVT option of Operating
OS/VS2_(SVS)
Memory used temporarily in data transfers
can be implemented in a fixed memory location in hardware or by using a virtual data buffer in software that points at a location in the physical memory
Data_buffer
IBM operating system
access job output. A non-IBM time-sharing product named TONE (TSO-like, for VS1 / VS ONE) was marketed by Tone Software Co. Features OS/Virtual Storage 1
OS/VS1
APIs in IBM mainframe computer operating systems
method QSAM - Queued sequential access method BPAM - Basic partitioned access method ISAM - Indexed sequential access method VSAM - Virtual storage access
Access_method
Means by which a user interacts with and controls a machine
When the CUI blocks out the real world to create a virtual reality, the CUI is virtual and uses a virtual reality interface. When the CUI does not block out
User_interface
Hardware component that connects a computer to a network
partitioning) that uses SR-IOV virtualization to divide a single 10 Gigabit Ethernet NIC into multiple discrete virtual NICs with dedicated bandwidth,
Network_interface_controller
Input/output performance measurement
Input/output operations per second (IOPS, pronounced eye-ops) is an input/output performance measurement used to characterize computer storage devices
IOPS
Operating system component
as adding input/output devices not allowed by the standard system. As technology evolves virtual memory for purposes of virtualization, new systems of
System_virtual_machine
Operating system for IBM S/360 and later mainframes
bottom of virtual storage rather than real storage, the Nucleus is in Virtual=Real (V=R) storage, the private area contains a Local System Queue Area (LSQA)
OS/360_and_successors
Operational mode of x86-compatible CPUs
In computing, protected mode, also called protected virtual address mode, is an operational mode of x86-compatible central processing units (CPUs). It
Protected_mode
vRPM, or virtual Revolutions Per Minute, was a term for a synthetic measurement of performance introduced by SanDisk for solid state drive (SSD) storage
VRPM
Packet alteration framework for Linux and the umbrella project for software of the same
Specifically, they are the following: libnetfilter_queue allows to perform userspace packet queueing in conjunction with iptables; based on libnfnetlink
Netfilter
Goods held for resale
cost or market Weighted Average Cost Moving-Average Cost FIFO and LIFO. Queueing theory. Inventory Turn is a financial accounting tool for evaluating inventory
Inventory
Computing system
al. designed to enable heterogeneous task queueing: a work queue per core, distribution of work into queues, load balancing by work stealing any core
Heterogeneous System Architecture
Heterogeneous_System_Architecture
Computational threads scheduled by a run-time library
hardware. Go (since version 1.18) uses virtual thread queues per execution unit. There are additional virtual threads not allocated to an execution unit
Virtual_thread
Form of multitasking in computers
buffering and queueing. Nowadays, the most common use of spooling is printing: documents formatted for printing are stored in a queue at the speed of
Spooling
Shell command for scheduling periodic jobs
experimentation. Discrete event simulators run in virtual time, peeling events off the event queue as quickly as possible and advancing their notion of
Cron
Imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time
physical controllers) and produce output to the user (e.g., visual display, aural display, haptic display) . Virtual simulations use the aforementioned
Simulation
Subset of computer's virtualised hardware resources
communication among virtual machines and logical partitions (LPARs) within the same IBM zSeries server. This function uses an adaptation of the Queued-Direct Input/Output
Logical_partition
and regional networks. Key features included: Input-queued architecture with virtual output queuing to eliminate head-of-line blocking A centralized scheduler
Mahi_Networks
Computer memory management methodology
size of the virtual address space beyond the available amount of RAM using paging or swapping to secondary storage. The quality of the virtual memory manager
Memory_management
Userspace utility for Linux packet filtering
userspace queueing component, and logging subsystem. A command to drop any packets with destination IP address 1.2.3.4: nft add rule ip filter output ip daddr
Nftables
GUI for Windows console applications
the aid of Virtual DOS machine (VDM). An instance of a Windows Console has a screen buffer and an input buffer. The input buffer is a queue where events
Windows_Console
1984 video game
input or output functions. The simulator is a closed system, with the only input being the initial values of the memory and the process queues, and the
Core_War
Multimedia mixing software for Windows
based on AVI. External and Virtual video and audio output options. Full support for Network Device Interface (NDI) input and output. Support for up to 1000
VMix
2025-01-10. "Nocash PSXSPX Playstation Specifications - CDROM - Response/Data Queueing". Archived from the original on 2015-10-22. Retrieved 2023-05-21. "Making
PlayStation technical specifications
PlayStation_technical_specifications
Hardware cache of a central processing unit
general-purpose CPUs, virtual tagging has been superseded by virtual hints, as described below. A cache that relies on virtual indexing and tagging becomes
CPU_cache
Data structure or code used by a compiler
representation (IR) is the data structure or code used internally by a compiler or virtual machine to represent source code. An IR is designed to be conducive to
Intermediate_representation
Component of IBM mainframe operating systems
system-owned memory, in the Extended System Queue Area (ESQA). After IPL completes, UCBs are owned by Input/Output Support. Some of the data stored in the
Unit_Control_Block
Set of resources actively used by a process
addition to the code and data themselves, on systems with virtual memory, the memory map (of virtual memory to physical memory) entries of the pages of the
Working_set
Behavioral design pattern
program output is MyClass::action called Batch queue Closure Command queue Function object Job scheduler Model–view–controller Priority queue Software
Command_pattern
System monitor tool for the AIX and Linux operating systems
rates Kernel stats including Run Queue, context-switch, fork, Load Average & Uptime Large and Huge memory pages Virtual Machine stats (depending on the
Nmon
First arithmetic logic unit (ALU) on a single chip
ISBN 0-932376-00-2. Bob Supnik (August 31, 2004). "Simulators: Virtual Machines of the Past (and Future)". ACM Queue. 2 (5). "The final demonstration of the Xerox 'Star'
74181
Procedure in computing
cleaning), and loaded into an output data container. The data can be collected from one or more sources and it can also be output to one or more destinations
Extract,_transform,_load
Form of inter-process communication in computer systems
Similarly, if the process attempted to access a memory address outside of its virtual address space, the kernel would notify the process of this violation via
Signal_(IPC)
Computational technique of discovering new drugs
Virtual screening (VS) is a computational technique used in drug discovery to search libraries of small molecules in order to identify those structures
Virtual_screening
Signal to a computer processor emitted by hardware or software
interrupts may also be triggered by program execution errors or by the virtual memory system. Typically, the operating system kernel will catch and handle
Interrupt
First implementation of paged virtual memory
information was in memory, swapping if necessary". Paged virtual memory was also used for buffering input/output (I/O) device data, and for a significant portion
THE_multiprogramming_system
Aspect of computing history
to run only on virtual systems. Applications have been re-designed to run directly on a virtual machine monitor. In many ways, virtual machine software
History_of_operating_systems
Fuel crisis primarily caused by attacks
Moscow had completely run out of petrol, while other stations had drivers queueing in their cars for 2 to 2.5 hours, with 80 vehicles waiting in line for
2025–2026_Russian_fuel_crisis
Multi-tool electronic device
device's user interface embodies a pixel art dolphin virtual pet. The interaction with the virtual pet is the device's core game mechanic. The usage of
Flipper_Zero
Component of the z/OS operating system
punch output for a single OS/360 computer. Multi Access Spool capability was added to let peer computers share a common job queue and print/punch output queues
MVS_Job_Entry_Subsystems
Network packet distribution with multiple cores
the high bandwidth and heavy loads would easily congest a single core's queue. For this reason, many techniques, both in hardware and in software, are
Multi-core network packet steering
Multi-core_network_packet_steering
2023 edition of the C++ programming language standard
applied after several virtual WG21 meetings, where they were approved by straw polls. The following were added after the virtual WG21 meeting of 9 November
C++23
Software organization of the Michigan Terminal System
40 pages of virtual memory used for 10 seconds is charged as 400 page-seconds Printer usage—charged as pages of paper and lines of output (for line printers)
MTS_system_architecture
Component of a computer's CPU
an interrupt occurs. For input and output interrupts, almost any solution works. However, when a computer has virtual memory, an interrupt occurs to indicate
Control_unit
Operating system
with live output display. Full mode: Multi-panel command center with various tabs across 4 major sections. Supports drag-and-drop command queuing, resizable
Kodachi_OS
Object-oriented programming language
applications are usually compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture. The syntax
Java_(programming_language)
Data extraction technique
a technique where a computer program extracts data from human-readable output coming from another program. Normally, data transfer between programs is
Data_scraping
Method for creating, maintaining, and manipulating computer files
underlying data store. ISAM was replaced at IBM with a methodology called VSAM (virtual storage access method). Still later, IBM developed SQL/DS and then Db2
ISAM
Software design pattern based on an event-updated object with a list of dependents
attach(*this); } virtual ~Observer() { subject.detach(*this); } Observer(const Observer&) = delete; Observer& operator=(const Observer&) = delete; virtual void update(Subject&
Observer_pattern
Hardware description and hardware verification language
by the new operator. Example: virtual class Memory; virtual function bit [31:0] read(bit [31:0] addr); endfunction virtual function void write(bit [31:0]
SystemVerilog
Study of abstract machines and automata
parameters. At the same time, another function called the output function produces symbols from the output alphabet, also according to the previous state and
Automata_theory
Efficiency improving technique for superscalar CPUs
the execution ports at the same time. Each virtual core keeps track of the position of the relative output. This form of multithreading can increase single
Simultaneous_multithreading
Computer terminal application programming interface
settings from a termios structure, optionally waiting for queued output to drain and flushing queued input cfgetispeed() query the input baud rate from the
POSIX_terminal_interface
2017 AMD 14-nanometer processor microarchitecture
presence of the feature. The Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) feature allows the memory contents of a virtual machine (VM) to be transparently encrypted
Zen_(first_generation)
Discontinued operating system for Sperry UNIVAC Mainframe computers
timesharing users Print and punch spool output queue Print and punch devices printing or punching RBP output queue Not used RBP devices printing MCP and
VS/9
Computer software that provides services to software applications
it easier for software developers to implement communication and input/output, so they can focus on the specific purpose of their application. It gained
Middleware
Part of an operating system
support virtual memory may allow the loader to be located in a region of memory that is pageable. In the case of operating systems that support virtual memory
Loader_(computing)
Combinational digital circuit
(opcode); the ALU's output is the result of the performed operation. In many designs, the ALU also has status inputs or outputs, or both, which convey
Arithmetic_logic_unit
Series of virtual framebuffers used by computer graphics systems
In computer graphics, a swap chain (also swapchain) is a series of virtual framebuffers used by the graphics card and graphics API for frame rate stabilization
Swap_chain
Operating system for IBM mainframes
Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS) is the most commonly used operating system on the System/370, System/390 and IBM Z IBM mainframe computers. IBM developed
MVS
Series of GPUs by Nvidia
Retrieved June 16, 2021. Ridley, Jacob (October 6, 2020). "EVGA's new virtual queue will auto-reserve you an Nvidia RTX 3080". PC Gamer. Retrieved September
GeForce_RTX_30_series
Real-time text-to-speech AI tool
emotional inflections. The platform was able to generate convincing voice output using minimal training data; the name "15.ai" referenced the creator's statement
15.ai
Type of extremely powerful computer
execute code, but each user is given virtualized login node. POD computing nodes are connected via non-virtualized 10 Gbit/s Ethernet or QDR InfiniBand
Supercomputer
three main parts: input/output ring buffer port (IORBP), data buffer (DB), and operation queue (OQ). The front-end control virtual machine schedules an input
Binary Modular Dataflow Machine
Binary_Modular_Dataflow_Machine
Computer architecture bit width
size", section D8.1.8 "Supported virtual address ranges". Mashey, John (October 2006). "The Long Road to 64 Bits". ACM Queue. 4 (8): 85–94. doi:10.1145/1165754
64-bit_computing
System with multiple networked computers
spatial data Jungle computing – Type of distributed computing Layered queueing network Library Oriented Architecture (LOA) List of distributed computing
Distributed_computing
General-purpose programming language
Python programs into an intermediate bytecode, which is then executed by a virtual machine. CPython is distributed with a large standard library written in
Python_(programming_language)
Computer providing a central resource or service
server components. The use of the word server in computing comes from queueing theory, where it dates to the mid 20th century, being notably used in Kendall
Server_(computing)
Distributed data processing framework
operations. HDFS can be mounted directly with a Filesystem in Userspace (FUSE) virtual file system on Linux and some other Unix systems. File access can be achieved
Apache_Hadoop
change during the course of program execution. virtual machine (VM) An emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures
Glossary_of_computer_science
Algorithm for virtual memory implementation
In a computer operating system that uses paging for virtual memory management, page replacement algorithms decide which memory pages to page out, sometimes
Page_replacement_algorithm
Computing paradigm to improve computational efficiency
the results written directly into a register file? For the latter, the queueing function is handled by register maps that hold the register renaming information
Out-of-order_execution
Series of GPUs by Nvidia
Maxwell GPUs: The Best Graphics Cards For Virtual Reality Gaming". geforce.com. "How Maxwell's VR Direct Brings Virtual Reality Gaming Closer to Reality". The
GeForce_900_series
Graphic driver architecture
scheduling using "batch queue" granularity; improvements to multitasking, as well as fast context switching and support for virtual memory, were initially
Windows_Display_Driver_Model
AI that generates content
Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024. Bangkok, Thailand and virtual meeting: Association for Computational Linguistics: 1763–1775. arXiv:2401
Generative_AI
Script VCPI—Virtual Control Program Interface VDC—Virtual data center VDE—Virtual Desktop Environment VDI—Virtual Desktop Infrastructure VDM—Virtual DOS machine
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Symbolics operating system based on Lisp
which has the virtual machine ported to x86-64, Arm64 and Apple M1 processors - additionally to the DEC Alpha processor. The virtual machine then runs
Genera_(software)
Software for connecting to a printer
be connected to the serial port as well. Amiga also had support for a virtual device "PRT:" to refer to printer.device so, for example the command "COPY
Printer_driver
Method of CPU communication
port-mapped I/O (PMIO) are two complementary methods of performing input/output (I/O) between the central processing unit (CPU) and peripheral devices in
Memory-mapped I/O and port-mapped I/O
Memory-mapped_I/O_and_port-mapped_I/O
Lightweight programming language
Lua file, but are compiled into bytecode, which is then run on the Lua virtual machine (VM). The compiling process is typically invisible to the user
Lua
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