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Human biology, a tendon cell is a cell that makes up tendons, the bands of connective tissue that connects muscles to bones. Tendon cells, also known as
Tendon_cell
Type of tissue that connects muscle to bone
cellular components are special fibroblasts called tendon cells (tenocytes). Tendon cells synthesize the tendon's extracellular matrix, which abounds with densely-packed
Tendon
Connective tissue composed of reticular collagen fibers
Reticular fibers are synthesized by special fibroblasts called reticular cells. The fibers are thin branching structures. Reticular connective tissue is
Reticular_connective_tissue
Human joint disease
Localized/nodular TGCT (L-TGCT), sometimes referred to as "giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath"; is a common tumor that presents as a slow-growing, encapsulated
Tenosynovial_giant_cell_tumor
Myoblast → Myocyte Myosatellite cell Tendon cell Cardiac muscle cell Other Fibroblast → Fibrocyte Digestive system Interstitial cell of Cajal Spleen See main
List of human cell types derived from the germ layers
List_of_human_cell_types_derived_from_the_germ_layers
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into the cells that make up bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, as well as muscle, neural and other progenitor
Stem-cell_therapy
Tear of the tendon connecting the kneecap (patella) and shinbone (tibia)
Patellar tendon rupture is a tear of the tendon that connects the knee cap (patella) to the tibia. Often there is sudden onset of pain and walking is difficult
Patellar_tendon_rupture
Medical condition of the ankle and heel
injury occurs to the tendon, cells from surrounding structures migrate into the tendon to assist in repair. Some of these cells come from blood vessels
Achilles_tendinitis
Inflammation of the tendon
Tendinopathy (tendinitis, U.S. English) is a type of tendon disorder that results in pain, swelling, and impaired function. It most commonly occurs around
Tendinopathy
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
is a tendon-specific gene marker known to be important for tendon maturation with key implications for the residing tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs)
Tenomodulin
Surgical process
regarded patellar tendon grafts as the "gold standard" for knee stability. Hamstring autografts have failed at a higher rate than bone-tendon-bone autografts
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Anterior_cruciate_ligament_reconstruction
The list of human cell types provides an enumeration and description of the various specialized cells found within the human body, highlighting their
List_of_human_cell_types
Locking of a finger when at full flexion
fibrous tissue, such as tendon, to have less organized collagen, more abundant extracellular matrix, and changes in the cells (fibrocytes) so as to act
Trigger_finger
Inflamed tendon in a horse
A bowed tendon is a term for a tendon injury in a horse that causes swelling in one or more tendons creating a "bowed" appearance. It is a form of tendinitiscausing
Bowed_tendon
Type of physiotherapy
a tendon results in up regulation of insulin-like growth factor, in addition to other cytokines and growth factors. This upregulation causes tendon cells
Mechanotherapy
Cell membrane of a muscle fibre
the sarcolemma fuses with a tendon fibre, and the tendon fibres, in turn, collect into bundles to form the muscle tendons that adhere to bones. The sarcolemma
Sarcolemma
Human protein and coding gene
(Shh) signaling from the floor plate. It also contributes to neural crest cell apoptosis in the hindbrain region. BMP4 is involved in somite patterning
Bone_morphogenetic_protein_4
Proprioceptive sensory receptor organ
The Golgi tendon organ (GTO) (also known as Golgi organ, tendon organ, neurotendinous organ or neurotendinous spindle) is a skeletal muscle stretch receptor
Golgi_tendon_organ
Unspecialized biological cell that can become specialized
transplants. Adult stem cells are also used in veterinary medicine to treat tendon and ligament injuries in horses. The use of adult stem cells in research and
Stem_cell
Most abundant structural protein in animals
collagen, which provides a matrix for cells to infiltrate and help to proliferate osteoblast deposits. Tendon injuries occurring from overuse or trauma
Collagen
Cartilaginous joint between the front of the left and right hip bones
connective tissue bundles have cartilage cells between them; these cells to a certain extent resemble tendon cells. The collagenous fibers are usually placed
Pubic_symphysis
Cancer originating in connective tissue
A sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that arises from cells of mesenchymal origin, meaning that sarcomas are cancers of connective tissues such as bone
Sarcoma
One of three major types of muscle
musculoskeletal system, and typically are attached by tendons to the bones of a skeleton. The skeletal muscle cells (myocytes) are much longer than in the other
Skeletal_muscle
mediated by proprioceptors, sensory receptors located within muscles, tendons, joints and the vestibular organs. Most animals possess multiple subtypes
Proprioception
Type of connective tissue in animals
fiber-forming cells, that generate the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal
Dense_connective_tissue
Fine, lustrous, natural fiber produced by various arthropods
"RGD-tethered Silk Substrate Stimulates the Differentiation of Human Tendon Cells". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 448: 234–239. doi:10.1097/01
Silk
Chinese American orthopedic biomechanist and academic
identification and characterization of tendon stem cells (TSCs) in humans, mice, rats, and rabbits. Wang's tendon stem cell research has focused on the effects
James_H-C._Wang
Region of the body between the genitals and anus
pelvic floor inferiorly: skin and fascia The perineal body (or central tendon of perineum) is a pyramidal fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the
Perineum
Mammalian protein found in humans
strictly associated with cell proliferation. During interphase, the Ki-67 antigen can be exclusively detected within the cell nucleus, whereas in mitosis
Proliferation marker protein Ki-67
Proliferation_marker_protein_Ki-67
Immune cell found in connective tissue
muscles, and tendons such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, heterotopic ossification, and gout. In the gastrointestinal tract, mast cells communicate
Mast_cell
Group of medical conditions
swelling. Types include: Pigmented villonodular synovitis Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath Though they have very different names, they have the same
Villonodular_synovitis
Type of biological tissue in animals
connective tissue. Dense regular connective tissue, found in structures such as tendons and ligaments, is characterized by collagen fibers arranged in an orderly
Connective_tissue
Type of cell found in muscle tissue
A muscle cell, also known as a myocyte, is a mature contractile cell in the muscle of an animal. In humans and other vertebrates there are three types:
Muscle_cell
Medical condition
category may be acral variants of the entity nodular fasciitis. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath List of cutaneous conditions Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia
Fibroma_of_tendon_sheath
Ability to move using metabolic energy
triceps move the lower arm. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by tendons. Ligaments attach bones to other bones, to hold them together. Skeletal
Motility
Medical device
; Price, A. (2012-03-01). "An ink surgical marker pen is damaging to tendon cells". Bone & Joint Research. 1 (3): 36–40. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.13.2000032
Skin_pen
Italian biologist and pathologist (1843–1926)
receptor Golgi tendon organ Golgi's method or Golgi stain, a nervous tissue staining technique The enzyme Golgi alpha-mannosidase II Golgi cells of the cerebellum
Camillo_Golgi
Tendon rubbing over a bony surface
where a tendon rubs over a bony surface. It is presented with acute edema and hyperaemia of the paratenon with infiltration of inflammatory cells. After
Paratenonitis
Organ system that gives humans the capacity to move
musculoskeletal system is made up of the bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds
Human_musculoskeletal_system
Protein-coding gene in humans
stem cells in the skin (called seam cells) and vulva (called VPCs) during development. In mice, LIN28 is highly expressed in mouse embryonic stem cells and
LIN28A
Topics referred to by the same term
(with the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus muscle). Chiasma (genetics), the point where two chromatids are intertwined (interwoven) in a cell An example
Chiasm
Term used in oncology
giant-cell tumor of bone, giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath, and giant cell fibroblastoma. Medicine portal Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma Buttock cell Massive
Large_cell
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
formation of sensory neurons in the dorsal spinal cord from neural crest cells by generating signals within the roof plate. GDF7 is also known as bone
GDF7
Peptide
promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration". Journal of Applied Physiology
BPC-157
Group of autoimmune diseases resulting in abnormal growth of connective tissue
B cells mature into plasma cells, which furthers the autoimmune component of the condition. T cells differentiate into subsets, including Th2 cells, which
Scleroderma
Enzyme found in humans
related to both cell survival and death. In terms of cell death, RIPK1 plays a role in apoptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis. Some of the cell survival pathways
RIPK1
Group of similar cells performing a specific function
In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function
Tissue_(biology)
articular cartilage degeneration. Tendon is primarily composed of elastic type I collagen. However, mature tendon contains cells that have a limited ability
Treatment_of_equine_lameness
Part of the body that forms the supporting structure
meaning 'cell') is used to stabilize and preserve the form of the cells. It is a dynamic structure that maintains cell shape, protects the cell, enables
Skeleton
Shoulder injury
tendinopathy (or rotator cuff tear) is an injury or rupture of the rotator cuff tendons, usually involving more than one shoulder muscle. Rotator cuff tendinopathy
Rotator_cuff_tear
Connective tissue present within and around synovial joints
connective tissue that lines the inner surface of capsules of synovial joints, tendon sheaths, and synovial bursas. It makes direct contact with the fibrous membrane
Synovial_membrane
Cell-surface glycoprotein
The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell–cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded
CD44
Transplantation between individuals of the same species
transplants Pancreas transplantation Islet cell transplantation Bone marrow transplants Bone allograft Ligament or tendon allograft In the US, the Food and Drug
Allotransplantation
Terminologia Anatomica List of systems of the human body List of distinct cell types in the adult human body List of skeletal muscles of the human body
List of organs of the human body
List_of_organs_of_the_human_body
Human disease
Fibroxanthoma Kaposi's sarcoma Leiomyosarcoma Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma Reticulum cell sarcoma of skin Management of Skin Sarcomas p. 511 Soft tissue sarcomas in
Skin_sarcoma
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
epithelial cells in the bladder, colon, lungs, and stomach. For example, PIEZO2 is found in cell types that respond to physical touch, such as Merkel cells, and
PIEZO2
Pseudogene in humans
carbohydrate chains of glycoconjugates involved in ligand–receptor, cell–cell, and cell–pathogen interactions. Neu5Gc has been shown to be involved in a
CMAH
Fluid-filled sac growth found on joints or tendon sheaths
A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac associated with a joint or tendon sheath. It most often occurs at the back of the wrist, followed by the front of
Ganglion_cyst
Nerve tract in humans
information is obtained by Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles. Golgi tendon organs consist of a fibrous capsule enclosing tendon fascicles and bare nerve
Spinocerebellar_tracts
Human protein-coding gene
In the embryo it is made by migrating cells like the neural crest; it is also abundant in developing tendons, bone and cartilage. The human tenascin
Tenascin_C
Rigid organs of the skeleton of vertebrates
bones are bones embedded in tendons. Since they act to hold the tendon further away from the joint, the angle of the tendon is increased and thus the leverage
Bone
Protein found in humans
expressed in the nucleus and regulates several key functions including: cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling and neurological and placental development
Cullin-4B
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
encoded by the ATG5 gene located on chromosome 6. It is an E3 ubi autophagic cell death. ATG5 is a key protein involved in the extension of the phagophoric
Autophagy_protein_5
Physical substance of the human organism
feet. The internal human body includes organs, teeth, bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels and blood, lymphatic vessels and lymph. The study
Human_body
Internal framework of the body
effort, such as when one drives a car without thinking about the process. A tendon is a piece of connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. When a
Muscular_system
Rare cancer of the extremities, often near joints or tendon sheaths
extremities of the arms or legs, often in proximity to joint capsules and tendon sheaths. It is a type of soft-tissue sarcoma. The name "synovial sarcoma"
Synovial_sarcoma
Tumor suppressor gene
decreased activation of the Akt/PKB signaling pathway, an important pathway in cell growth, survival, and proliferation. PTEN protein is primarily a lipid phosphatase
PTEN_(gene)
Gene known for its role in breast cancer
BRCA1 are normally expressed in the cells of breast and other tissue, where they help repair damaged DNA or destroy cells if DNA cannot be repaired. They
BRCA2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
essential role in V(D)J recombination, the process by which B cell antibody genes and T cell receptor genes are assembled from individual V (variable), D
Artemis_(protein)
Animal flesh produced by culturing cells
2021). "Engineered whole cut meat-like tissue by the assembly of cell fibers using tendon-gel integrated bioprinting". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 5059
Cultured_meat
Class of antibacterial drugs, subgroup of quinolones
Committee included musculoskeletal events (39, including five cases of tendon rupture) and central nervous system events (19, including five cases of
Quinolone_antibiotic
Protein in humans
Kamm S, Adelsberger H, et al. (June 2004). "Cerebellar ataxia and Purkinje cell dysfunction caused by Ca2+-activated K+ channel deficiency". Proceedings
Cereblon
Protein found in humans
shown to bind alpha-5/beta-3 integrins, and this binding induced endothelial cell adhesion and migration. This protein may also play a role in the regulation
ANGPTL3
Pluripotent embryonic cell group giving rise to diverse cell lineages
Neural crest cells originate from this structure through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and in turn give rise to a diverse cell lineage—including
Neural_crest
Gene and protein involved in Huntington's disease
aggregates in neurons, disrupting cellular processes and ultimately causing cell death. The 5'-end (five prime end) of the HTT gene has a sequence of three
Huntingtin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
upregulated in multiple cancer cell lines. The gene product is predicted to be a six-transmembrane protein, and was shown to be a cell surface antigen significantly
STEAP1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus in mammalian cells". Cell. 89 (1): 149–158. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80191-9. PMID 9094723. S2CID 8682509
SEC22B
Cancer tumor in dogs
A mastocytoma in dogs (or mast cell tumor in dogs) is a neoplasm (neoplasia) originating from mast cells in the domestic dog, which occurs mainly in the
Mastocytoma_in_dogs
American football player and reality television star
000 contract with the Falcons. On September 15, 2013, he suffered a torn tendon and missed the rest of the 2013 regular season. On March 20, 2015, the Atlanta
Kroy_Biermann
the navicular bone. Ligaments and tendons hold the skeletal system together. Ligaments hold bones to bones and tendons hold bones to muscles. Synovial membranes
Skeletal_system_of_the_horse
Disorder characterized by calcium deposits in a tendon
enthesopathy where deposits of calcium phosphate form in a tendon or enthesis. Calcium in a tendon or enthesis is seen on radiographs (X-ray imaging). Calcification
Calcific_tendinitis
Medical condition
as grafting and tendon transfer are necessarily required. Many different conditions can be treated by tendon transfer surgery. Tendon transfer surgery
Peroneal_nerve_paralysis
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
thought that early scleraxis-expressing progenitor cells lead to the eventual formation of tendon tissue and other muscle attachments. Scleraxis is involved
Scleraxis
Enzyme found in humans
Krag SS, Betenbaugh MJ (2005). "Polyprenyl lipid synthesis in mammalian cells expressing human cis-prenyl transferase". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun
Dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase
Dehydrodolichyl_diphosphate_synthase
Enzyme in humans
fibroblasts and a Surface Expressed Protease (seprase) in invasive melanoma cells. FAP is a 760 amino acid long type II transmembrane glycoprotein. It contains
Fibroblast activation protein, alpha
Fibroblast_activation_protein,_alpha
Protein-coding gene in humans
cell types, including: melanocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, dendritic cells, and it is overexpressed in various cancer types. In melanocytic cells and
GPNMB
Protein involved in attachment of cells
Cell adhesion molecule 1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CADM1 gene. Cell adhesion molecule 1 has been shown to interact with EPB41L3
Cell_adhesion_molecule_1
Bone tumor composed of agglomerated osteoclast-like cells
osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteosarcoma, giant-cell reparative granuloma, Giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath and brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism
Giant-cell_tumor_of_bone
Protein found in humans
et al. (1996). "cul-1 is required for cell cycle exit in C. elegans and identifies a novel gene family". Cell. 85 (6): 829–39. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81267-2
Cullin-1
Field of medicine involving orthopedic tissue regeneration
platelets, progenitor cells, or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), for musculoskeletal conditions affecting cartilage, muscle, tendons, ligaments, spinal disc
Orthobiologics
Human protein and coding gene
also been seen to play a role in other processes including proliferation, cell cycle regulation and development. FADD is a 23 kDa protein, made up of 208
FADD
Factor that stimulates the growth of bone tissue
between the administration of bone growth factors and the amelioration of the tendon-to-bone healing. The focus of these studies was primarily on the anterior
Bone_growth_factor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
pancreatic epithelial cell gonad palpebral conjunctiva monocyte Achilles tendon rectum endothelial cell ventricular zone stromal cell of endometrium Top
LRRC57
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in tendon of biceps brachii cartilage tissue right lobe of liver oocyte stromal cell of endometrium secondary oocyte embryo
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2
Serine_hydroxymethyltransferase_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Regulation of Host SNARE Proteins to Promote Virus Replication and Cell Exit". Cell Reports. 22 (12): 3304–3314. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.003. PMC 5894509
SNAP29
Enzyme found in humans
S, Xu H, Davidge ST (January 2010). "Arginase contributes to endothelial cell oxidative stress in response to plasma from women with preeclampsia". Cardiovascular
Arginase-2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in NIH3T3 and HeLa cells and reduce cell death by exogenous peroxide in multiple organelles of CHO, HT-22, and human tendon cells. Meanwhile, reduced
PRDX5
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Targeting of DDB1 and CUL4 through DCAF1 by Vpr disrupted cell cycle entry of infected cells, thereby promoting HIV viral replication. DCAF1 has been implicated
VPRBP
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
adult hematopoietic stem cells showed that this gene was required as a transcriptional regulator for self-renewal of both stem cell types, but it was dispensable
ZFX
Descriptive scheme
connected to muscles via tendons and other bones via ligaments. Bones are also used to store minerals, and are the site of red blood cell formation. The Appendicular
Equine_anatomy
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TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
Boy/Male
American, British, Chinese, English, Jamaican, Latin
The Capital of the United Kingdom; Fierce Ruler of the World; Fortress of the Noon; From London; One from London
Surname or Lastname
English and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name for someone who came from London or a nickname for someone who had made a trip to London or had some other connection with the city. In some cases, however, the Jewish name was purely ornamental. The place name, recorded by the Roman historian Tacitus in the Latinized form Londinium, is obscure in origin and meaning, but may be derived from pre-Celtic (Old European) roots with a meaning something like ‘place at the navigable or unfordable river’.
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, BENSON means "son of Ben."
Surname or Lastname
English (London)
English (London) : probably an occupational name for a ferryman.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places so named, for example in Devon, Greater London (formerly Middlesex), and Suffolk. All have as the second element Old English tūn ‘farmstead’, ‘settlement’. The first element of the place in Devon is a pre-English river name; the place in London is named with the Old English personal name Cēna; and the place in Suffolk is named either with Cēna or more probably with Old English cyne- ‘royal’.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Brendan, BRENDON means "prince."
Surname or Lastname
English (London)
English (London) : respelling of Irish Kavanagh. Compare Cavender.
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Brave chieftain.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Lyndon, LINDON means "lime tree hill."
Surname or Lastname
English (London)
English (London) : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Penn 3 or Paine 1.English : habitational name from Penson in Devon.
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, denoting someone "from London."Â The name may have pre-Celtic roots, LONDON means something like "place at the unfordable river."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Penton Mewsey, Hampshire, which is named with Old English pening ‘penny’ + tūn ‘farmstead’, ‘settlement’, i.e. a farmstead paying a penny rent.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of London.
Surname or Lastname
English (Midlands)
English (Midlands) : variant spelling of Lindon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places called Lindon in Lincolnshire, Linden End, Haddenham, in Cambridgeshire, or Lyndon, Rutland, all named from Old English lind ‘lime tree’ or līn ‘flax’ + dūn ‘hill’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Leadon or Upleadon in Herefordshire, or Highleadon or Upleadon in Gloucestershire, all named from the Leadon river, which derives its name from British litano- ‘broad’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Lenton in Nottinghamshire, which is named from the river on which it stands, the Leen (see Leen) + Old English tūn ‘settlement’, ‘enclosure’. There is also a Lenton in Lincolnshire; however, up to the 18th century it was known as Lavington and probably therefore did not contribute to the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places so named in County Durham and Middlesex. The former was named with Old English hind ‘hind’, ‘female deer’ + denu ‘valley’, and the latter with Old English hēan (dative case of hēah ‘high’) + dūn ‘hill’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Benden, which may be a habitational name from Benenden in Kent, named from the Old English personal name Bionna + -ing- denoting association with + denn ‘woodland pasture’.
TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
TENDON CELL
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