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Part of the brain where the optic nerves cross
In neuroanatomy, the optic chiasm (/ˈkaɪ.æzəm, ˈkiː-/), or optic chiasma (from Greek χίασμα (khíasma) 'crossing', from Ancient Greek χιάζω (khiázō) 'to
Optic_chiasm
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up chiasm, chiasma, chiasmata, or chiasms in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Chiasm may refer to: Chiasm (musical project), an electronic music project
Chiasm
Nerve crossings outside the central nervous system
anatomy a chiasm is the spot where two structures cross, forming an X-shape (from Greek letter χ, Chi). Examples of chiasms are: A tendinous chiasm, the spot
Chiasm_(anatomy)
Type of cell within the eye
axon that extends into the brain. These axons form the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract. A small percentage of retinal ganglion cells contribute
Retinal_ganglion_cell
Loss of vision in the outer half of both the right and left visual field
and left visual field. It is usually associated with lesions of the optic chiasm, the area where the optic nerves from the right and left eyes cross near
Bitemporal_hemianopsia
American singer
Emileigh Rohn is a solo artist who produces the electronic music project Chiasm sold by COP International records. She has released five albums; Disorder
Emileigh_Rohn
Tumor of the pituitary gland
compression by these tumours occurs is at the optic chiasm. If originating superior to the optic chiasm, more commonly in a craniopharyngioma of the pituitary
Pituitary_adenoma
Body parts responsible for vision
then carries these pulses through the optic canal. Upon reaching the optic chiasm the nerve fibers decussate (left becomes right). The fibers then branch
Visual_system
Part of the brain's hypothalamus
region of the brain in the hypothalamus, situated directly above the optic chiasm. It is responsible for regulating sleep cycles in animals. Reception of
Suprachiasmatic_nucleus
Scientific theory in vertebrate development
position of the gastrointestinal tract, the liver, and the pancreas Optic chiasm Chiasm of the trochlear nerve Non-crossed olfactory tract Aurofacial asymmetry
Axial_twist_theory
Human disease that results in excess growth of certain parts of the body
Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer Hypogonadism Compression of the optic chiasm by the growth of pituitary adenoma leading to visual problems About 98%
Acromegaly
Set of signs and symptoms that are associated with lesions of the optic chiasm
set of signs and symptoms that are associated with lesions of the optic chiasm, manifesting as various impairments of the affected's visual field according
Chiasmal_syndrome
small subarachnoid cistern related to the optic chiasm. The cistern is situated superior to the optic chiasm, and inferior to the rostrum of corpus callosum
Chiasmatic_cistern
Literary technique in narrative motifs and other textual passages
songs. Chiasms in the Hebrew Bible include, but are not limited to, the following examples: Genesis 6:10–9:18a (including a numerical mini-chiasm) Genesis
Chiastic_structure
Cranial nerve connecting the eye to the brain
optic chiasm (see diagram above) will affect the areas of vision loss. Damage to the optic nerve that is anterior, or in front of the optic chiasm (toward
Optic_nerve
Biological term to describe a crossing
chiasma is reserved for crossing of- or within nerves such as in the optic chiasm. In botanical leaf taxology, the word decussate describes an opposite pattern
Decussation
Reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases
In rhetoric, chiasmus or, less commonly,[citation needed] chiasm, is the reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses without repetition
Chiasmus
Benign brain tumor originating in astrocyte cells
cerebellum, near the brainstem, in the hypothalamic region, or the optic chiasm, but they may occur in any area where astrocytes are present, including
Pilocytic_astrocytoma
Visual maladies
Compression of the optic chiasm is associated with pituitary adenoma, Craniopharyngioma, Meningioma etc. A lesion involving complete optic chiasm, which disrupts
Visual_pathway_lesions
Visual ability to perceive the world in 3D
Newton–Müller–Gudden (NGM) saying: that the degree of optic fibre decussation in the optic chiasm is contrariwise related to the degree of frontal orientation of the optical
Depth_perception
Breed of domestic cat
abnormal neurological connections between the eye and the brain. The optic chiasm has abnormal uncrossed wiring; many early Siamese were cross-eyed to compensate
Siamese_cat
Clusters of neurons in the peripheral nervous system
[citation needed] Sympathetic ganglion Ganglion cyst Nervous system Neuron Chiasm "Glossary G". UNSW Embryology. Archived from the original on 14 December
Ganglion
Each side of the forebrain represents the opposite side of the body
Ramón y Cajal (1898). According to this theory, the function of the optic chiasm is to repair the retinal field image on the visual cortex. The pupil in
Contralateral_brain
Blood vessel
mesencephalon: choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle and third ventricle optic chiasm and optic tract (genu, posterior limb, and retrolentiform part of) internal
Anterior_choroidal_artery
Medical condition
Fig. 1: Dolichoectasia of the suprasellar segment of the left internal carotid artery with compression of the optic chiasm
Intracranial_dolichoectasias
Belgian-born French feminist, philosopher
as a response to Maurice Merleau-Ponty's article “The Intertwining—The Chiasm” in The Visible and the Invisible, and in The Forgetting of Air in Martin
Luce_Irigaray
Glial cell tumor of the optic nerve
are usually pilocytic tumors, and can involve the optic nerve or optic chiasm. Optic gliomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 in 30%
Optic_nerve_glioma
Structure within the human brain
terminalis, with the optic chiasm forming the immediately adjacent floor. The portion of the floor immediately posterior of the optic chiasm distends inferiorly
Third_ventricle
Medical condition
rudimentary or absent septum pellucidum with hypoplasia of the optic nerves and chiasm in 1956. The symptoms of SOD can be divided into those related to optic
Septo-optic_dysplasia
Central organ of the human nervous system
optic nerves from the two eyes come together at a point called the optic chiasm, and half of the fibres from each nerve split off to join the other. The
Human_brain
Genus of ground squirrels
2024). "Breed-Specific Skull Morphology Reveals Insights into Canine Optic Chiasm Positioning and Orbital Structure through 3D CT Scan Analysis". Animals
Prairie_dog
Deep groove separating the two cerebral hemispheres of the vertebrate brain
role in the optic nerve tract. This is shown in (figure 4.) with the optic chiasm, which takes the nerve from the right eye to the left hemisphere and the
Longitudinal_fissure
ADH-secreting nucleus of the hypothalamus
The nucleus is situated at the base of the brain, adjacent to the optic chiasm. In humans, the SON contains about 3,000 neurons. The cell bodies produce
Supraoptic_nucleus
Fresco by Michelangelo on the Sistine Chapel ceiling
the frontal lobe, the basilar artery, the pituitary gland and the optic chiasm. In February 2026, I.A. Pireev published a study entitled "Michelangelo
The_Creation_of_Adam
Story in the Book of Daniel in the Hebrew Bible
tradition. Chapters 2–7 are in Aramaic, and are in the clear form of a chiasm (a poetic structure in which the main point or message of a passage is placed
Daniel_in_the_lions'_den
Neural pathway involved with circadian rhythms
to the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) via the optic nerve and the optic chiasm. The suprachiasmatic nuclei receive and interpret information on environmental
Retinohypothalamic_tract
Septuagint Book of Ezra
core of 1 Esdras with Ezra 5, which together are arranged in a literary chiasm around the celebration in Jerusalem at the exiles' return. This chiastic
1_Esdras
Study of neural function
the brain, as opposed to the heart as Aristotle had theorized. The optic chiasm, which is crucial to the visual system, was discovered around 100 C.E. by
Neurophysiology
Saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone of the skull
compression of the optic chiasm, which lies on top of the pituitary, enveloping the pituitary stalk. Compression of the optic chiasm can lead to bitemporal
Sella_turcica
Anatomical structure in the brain
hypothalamus forming the floor of the third ventricle situated between the optic chiasm, and the mammillary bodies. The tuberal region is one of the three regions
Tuber_cinereum
Nucleus in the anterior hypothalamus
Nuclei of the Hypothalamus: The preoptic area is located in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus, superior to the optic chiasm.
Median_preoptic_nucleus
Organ found in humans and other animals
ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebrain and the optic chiasm in vertebrates". Animal Biology. 62 (2): 193–216. arXiv:1003.1872. doi:10
Heart
Part of the eye
the optic nerve (via the axons of the ganglion cells) through the optic chiasm to the LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus). The exact function of the LGN is
Retina
Tiger morph
normal alignment. The abnormality is that there is a disruption in the optic chiasm. The examination of Moni's brain suggested the disruption is less severe
White_tiger
Forearm muscle that flexes the fingers
intermediate phalanges of the four fingers. These tendons have a split (Camper's chiasm) at the end of them through which the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle
Group of visual disorders
within the anatomy of the Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC), optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract. These disturbances are multifactorial, their aetiology
Mitochondrial optic neuropathies
Mitochondrial_optic_neuropathies
Area of the face with blood supply that connects indirectly to the brain
inflammation of the cavernous sinus will result in compression of the optic chiasm (resulting in vision problems) and/or the pituitary gland.[citation needed]
Danger_triangle_of_the_face
Anatomical structure
diabetes insipidus). The diameter of the pituitary stalk at the level of optic chiasm is 3.3 mm, and at the pituitary gland insertion site is measured at 1.9
Pituitary_stalk
Arab physicist, mathematician and astronomer (c. 965 – c. 1040)
human eye according to Ibn al-Haytham. Note the depiction of the optic chiasm. —Manuscript copy of his Kitāb al-Manāẓir (MS Fatih 3212, vol. 1, fol. 81b
Ibn_al-Haytham
Critical protein in embryonic development
ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebain and the optic chiasm in vertebrates". Animal Biology. 62 (2): 193–216. arXiv:1003.1872. doi:10
Sonic_hedgehog_protein
Subarachnoid cistern above and in front of the pons
the temporal lobes of either side. Anteriorly, it extends to the optic chiasm. The cistern communicates superiorly with the chiasmatic cistern, and inferiorly
Interpeduncular_cistern
Twenty-second letter of the Greek alphabet
theory In neuroanatomy, crossings of peripheral nerves (such as the optic chiasm) are named for the letter Chi because of its Χ-shape. In chemistry, the
Chi_(letter)
Putative longer version of the Gospel of Mark
dependencies in other context". In 2003, John Dart proposed a complex theory of 'chiasms' (or 'chiasmus') running through the Gospel of Mark – a type of literary
Secret_Gospel_of_Mark
Book of the New Testament
identifies Four Series of Seven Days, where the Series are arranged as a classic chiasm, ABB'A' and the Days in each Series are arranged as in Homer's Iliad ABB'-X-ABB'
Gospel_of_Mark
Terminology used to describe the central and peripheral nervous systems
terms are also used to describe the route of a nerve or nerve fibre: A chiasm (from Greek Chi) is used to describe different types of crossings of or
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
Anatomical_terms_of_neuroanatomy
Spaces around the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid
cistern and superiorly with the chiasmatic cistern. It contains: The optic chiasm The bifurcation of the basilar artery Peduncular segments of the posterior
Subarachnoid_cisterns
Human protein-coding gene
Foxd1 is also required for proper formation of optic chiasm. During the formation of optic chiasm, Foxd1 is expressed in VT retina, as well as in the ventral
Forkhead_box_D1
Type of neurological examination
pressing on the optic chiasm. The pituitary, seated in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone, is directly inferior to the optic chiasm. The axons that decussate
Cranial_nerve_examination
Naturally recurring resting state of mind and body
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a brain area directly above the optic chiasm, is presently considered the most important nexus for this process; however
Sleep
British physiologist and neuroanatomist
cats with certain genotypes of the albino gene, the wiring of the optic chiasm is disrupted, with less of the nerve-crossing than is normal. Guillery was
Ray_Guillery
Neural pathway within the human visual system
continuation of the optic nerve that relays information from the optic chiasm to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), pretectal nuclei, and
Optic_tract
Brain tumor of pituitary gland embryonic tissue
leading to bitemporal hemianopsia, as the tumor may compress the optic chiasm. It has a point prevalence around two per 1,000,000. Craniopharyngiomas
Craniopharyngioma
Season of television series
weeks of radiation therapy, Dr. Herman's tumor finally invades the optic chiasm, rendering her visually impaired, leading Amelia to schedule surgery for
Grey's_Anatomy_season_11
structures: the brainstem and basilar artery behind the optic nerves, optic chiasm, and circle of Willis above, and the carotid arteries and cavernous sinus
Sellar_region
Area in visual space that can be seen when the eye fixates a point
field defects) Lesions in the chiasm (e.g. Bitemporal hemianopia, loss of vision at the sides) Lesions after the chiasm (homonymous field defects like
Visual_field
Benign cystic growth on the pituitary gland
likely as males to develop a cyst. If a cyst adds pressure to the optic chiasm, it may cause visual disturbances, pituitary dysfunction and headaches.
Rathke's_cleft_cyst
Blood vessel
as bitemporal heteronymous hemianopsia (due to compression of the optic chiasm), psychopathology and frontal lobe pathology. In case of narrowing of other
Anterior_communicating_artery
Bible story in the Book of Daniel
reputation as a wise seer in Hebrew tradition. Chapters 2–7 of the book form a chiasm (a poetic structure in which the main point or message of a passage is placed
Belshazzar's_feast
Median eminence Mammillary bodies Pituitary stalk (infundibulum) Optic chiasm Subfornical organ Periventricular nucleus Tuber cinereum Tuberal nucleus
List of regions in the human brain
List_of_regions_in_the_human_brain
Clarity of vision
the eye. The two optic nerves come together behind the eyes at the optic chiasm, where about half of the fibers from each eye cross over to the opposite
Visual_acuity
Eyes not aligning when looking at something
compensation for developmental abnormalities in the routing of nerves in the optic chiasm. Strabismus may also occur in dogs, most often due to imbalanced muscle
Strabismus
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
nipple mucosa of pharynx Top expressed in gastrula right kidney molar optic chiasm proximal tubule lens liver left lobe of liver renal pelvis embryo More reference
NOTUM
Below the hypothalamus of the brain
by the cerebral peduncles, and on its anterolateral region by the optic chiasm. As one of the seven areas of the brain devoid of a blood–brain barrier
Median_eminence
One specific measure of bodily symmetry
ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebrain and the optic chiasm in vertebrates". Animal Biology. 62 (2): 193–216. arXiv:1003.1872. doi:10
Facial_symmetry
11th century treatise by Ibn al-Haytham
human eye according to Ibn al-Haytham. Note the depiction of the optic chiasm. — Manuscript copy of his Kitāb al-Manāẓir (MS Fatih 3212, vol. 1, fol.
Book_of_Optics
Groove on the sphenoid bone of the skull
canal is placed at either lateral end of the chiasmatic sulcus. The optic chiasm is situated superior and quite posterior to the chiasmatic groove (and not
Chiasmatic_groove
Cranial nerve III, for eye movements
of the other eye. Fibers from the optic nerves cross over in the optic chiasm with some fibers passing to the contralateral optic nerve tract. This is
Oculomotor_nerve
Hormone that affects blood pressure / heart rate
ventrolateral aspect of the SCN, which is also located above the optic chiasm. The neurons in this area receive retinal information from the retinohypothalamic
Vasoactive_intestinal_peptide
Symptoms from excessive exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol
necessary if a pituitary lesion is suspected, which may compress the optic chiasm, causing typical bitemporal hemianopia.[citation needed] When any of these
Cushing's_syndrome
Failure of the forebrain to develop into two hemispheres during embryonic growth
ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebain and the optic chiasm in vertebrates". Animal Biology. 62 (2): 193–216. arXiv:1003.1872. doi:10
Holoprosencephaly
Cognitive ability to interpret visual information
of the optic nerve. The two optic nerves from each eye meet at the optic chiasm, where nerve fibers from each nasal retina cross. This results in the right
Visual_processing
Reflex action of the human eye
the retina that contains the retinal ganglion axons in the optic nerve, chiasm and tract, the lateral geniculate body, and the visual cortex. The efferent
Accommodation_reflex
Christian saint
A-B-C-B-A pattern. The fact that Joanna's name appears at the center of a chiasm in this part of Luke's resurrection account indicates that for some reason
Joanna,_wife_of_Chuza
Cranial nerve responsible for the face's senses and motor functions
later reach and connect these segments with the higher centers. The optic chiasm is the primary cause of decussation; nasal fibers of the optic nerve cross
Trigeminal_nerve
Biblical psalm
but also the covenant with Noah in Genesis 8:21-22 and 9:8-17. A minor chiasm is evident: A i. Water in the mountains (v.10) ii. Wild animals (v.11) iii
Psalm_104
Nerves that emerge directly from the brain
objects from their outer visual fields (bitemporal hemianopsia) if the optic chiasm is involved. Inflammation (optic neuritis) may impact the sharpness of vision
Cranial_nerves
Nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus
anterior hypothalamus, sitting just above and to the side of the optic chiasm in the brain of humans and other animals. The brain's sleep-promoting nuclei
Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus
Ventrolateral_preoptic_nucleus
Medical condition
nerve between the eye and the chiasm is compressed, the result is vision loss in one eye. If the part after the chiasm is affected, visual loss on one
Pituitary_apoplexy
Inflammation of the optic nerve
hypothalamic lesions may be more suggestive of NMOSD. Involvement of the optic chiasm or optic tract are more suggestive of NMOSD-optic neuritis; involvement
Optic_neuritis
Blood vessels
(medial portion of) the anterior perforated substance to supply the optic chiasm, (anterior nucleus, preoptic area, and supraoptic nucleus of the) hypothalamus
Central_arteries
Subphylum of chordates
ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebain and the optic chiasm in vertebrates". Animal Biology. 62 (2): 193–216. arXiv:1003.1872. doi:10
Lancelet
Altered region in an otherwise normal field of vision
scotoma may occur when a pituitary tumour begins to compress the optic chiasm (as distinct from a single optic nerve) and produces a bitemporal paracentral
Scotoma
German neuroanatomist and psychiatrist
Commissural fibers of the optic tract, situated above and behind the optic chiasm. "Gudden's tract": The transverse peduncular tract. "Gudden-Wanner sign":
Bernhard_von_Gudden
Medical condition
coordination. Pituitary tumours (or other brain tumours that compress the optic chiasm) Prolonged exposure to air contaminated with heated hydraulic fluids and
Tunnel_vision
Belgian keyboard player and producer
Recently, he has collaborated with Emileigh Rohn from Detroit-based band Chiasm under the name Rohn-Lederman In 2021, Jean-Marc Lederman published a book
Jean-Marc_Lederman
Pain in the head, neck, or face
visual field defects, since the pituitary gland is right next to the optic chiasm (eye nerves). Neuroimaging, lumbar puncture if computed tomography is negative
Headache
in electronic filter design Chiasm, crossings that resemble the Greek letter χ Chiasmus Chiastic structure Optic chiasm Y-shape, the shape that resembles
Glossary of shapes with metaphorical names
Glossary_of_shapes_with_metaphorical_names
2004 action role-playing video game
through Best Buy. It features nine tracks by artists including Daniel Ash, Chiasm, Tiamat, Darling Violetta, Genitorturers, and Lacuna Coil. "Bloodlines"
Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines
Vampire:_The_Masquerade_–_Bloodlines
When one eye's exposure to light creates a muted pupil response in both eyes
pupil is a lesion of the optic nerve (between the retina and the optic chiasm) due to glaucoma, a severe retinal disease, or due to multiple sclerosis
Relative afferent pupillary defect
Relative_afferent_pupillary_defect
Biblical flood myth
on details, the story forms a unified whole (some scholars see in it a "chiasm", a literary structure in which the first item matches the last, the second
Genesis_flood_narrative
CHIASM
CHIASM
CHIASM
CHIASM
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Indian
Lord Budha
Male
Egyptian
, Annoub.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Gascon.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Clear Victory
Boy/Male
Tamil
Of sacred descent
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Individuality
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the numerous places in southern and central England named with the Old English elements Äc ‘oak’ + lÄ“ah ‘wood’, ‘clearing’.
Girl/Female
Indian
Girl/Female
Indian
Pride
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Quarrelsome; A Companion of the Prophet PBUH; Ibn Suraqah Al-dumari had this Name
CHIASM
CHIASM
CHIASM
CHIASM
CHIASM
n.
An inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated or subsequently referred to in a sentence
n. pl.
One of the subclasses of fishes. They have an arterial cone and bulb, spiral intestinal valve, and the optic nerves united by a chiasma. Many of the species are covered with bony plates, or with ganoid scales; others have cycloid scales.
n.
A commissure; especially, the optic commissure, or crucial union of the optic nerves.
n.
Alt. of Chiasma
n.
A collection of fibers connecting parts of the brain or spinal marrow; a chiasma.