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White blood cells of the immune system
of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface. T cells are born from hematopoietic stem cells, found in the bone marrow. Developing T cells then migrate
T_cell
Type of immune cell
The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune
Helper_T_cell
T cell that kills infected, damaged or cancerous cells
A killer T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or cd8) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white
Cytotoxic_T_cell
Genetically engineered T cell
immunoreceptors, chimeric T cell receptors or artificial T cell receptors—are receptor proteins that have been engineered to give T cells the new ability to
CAR_T_cell
Protein complex on the surface of T cells that recognizes antigens
The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a protein complex, located on the surface of T cells (also called T lymphocytes). They are responsible for recognizing fragments
T-cell_receptor
Hematologic cancer that affects lymphocytes
diseases of lymphoid cells (i.e., B cells, T cells, NK cells, and histiocytic-dendritic cells) in which one or more of these cell types is infected with
Lymphoma
Species of virus
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I or HTLV-1), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, is a retrovirus
Human_T-lymphotropic_virus_1
Cancerous overproduction of T cells
T-cell lymphoma is a rare form of cancerous lymphoma affecting T-cells. Lymphoma arises mainly from the uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes, such
T-cell_lymphoma
Class of artificial monoclonal antibodies
T-cell engager (TCE) or Bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE) is a class of artificial bispecific monoclonal antibodies that are investigated for use as anti-cancer
T_cell_engager
White blood cells of the immune system
The regulatory T cells (Tregs /ˈtiːrɛɡ/ or Treg cells), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune
Regulatory_T_cell
Medical condition
T cell deficiency is a deficiency of T cells, caused by decreased function of individual T cells, it causes an immunodeficiency of cell-mediated immunity
T_cell_deficiency
T cell subset
Gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells) are T cells that have a γδ T-cell receptor (TCR) on their surface. Most T cells are αβ (alpha beta) T cells with TCR composed
Gamma_delta_T_cell
Type of cancer
high numbers of abnormal blood cells. These blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. Signs and symptoms may include
Leukemia
Subtype of white blood cell
cell (leukocyte) in the immune system of most vertebrates. Lymphocytes include T cells (for cell-mediated and cytotoxic adaptive immunity), B cells (for
Lymphocyte
Subset of pro-inflammatory T helper cells
T helper 17 cells (Th17) are a subset of pro-inflammatory T helper cells defined by their production of interleukin 17 (IL-17). They are related to T
T_helper_17_cell
T cells with some properties of natural killer cells
T and natural killer cells. Natural killer T cells are a distinct type of cells and should not be confused as natural killer cells or killer T cells (cytotoxic
Natural_killer_T_cell
Subset of T lymphocytes
Memory T cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that might have some of the same functions as memory B cells. Their lineage is unclear. Antigen-specific memory
Memory_T_cell
T cell which has not yet encountered its cognate antigen
In immunology, a naive T cell (Th0 cell) is a T cell that has differentiated in the thymus, and successfully undergone the positive and negative processes
Naive_T_cell
Human disease
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL or ATLL) is a rare cancer of the immune system's T-cells caused by human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Adult_T-cell_leukemia/lymphoma
Cell that displays antigen bound by MHC proteins on its surface
presentation. T cells may recognize these complexes using their T cell receptors (TCRs). APCs process antigens and present them to T cells. Almost all cell types
Antigen-presenting_cell
A T-cell vaccine is a vaccine designed to induce protective T-cells. It is not a vaccine whereby T-cells are administered to the patient. T-cell vaccines
T-cell_vaccine
Artificial stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer
enhance T cell activity against tumors. These therapies have shown effectiveness in treating cancers such as melanoma and lung cancer. Adoptive cell therapies
Cancer_immunotherapy
Biological system protecting an organism against disease
antibody-producing B cells. Gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells) possess an alternative T-cell receptor (TCR) as opposed to CD4+ and CD8+ (αβ) T cells and share the
Immune_system
Medical condition
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL-NT) (also termed angiocentric lymphoma, nasal-type NK lymphoma, NK/T-cell lymphoma, polymorphic/malignant
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
Extranodal_NK/T-cell_lymphoma,_nasal_type
Immune response that does not involve antibodies
cells or T helper cells (also known as helper T cells) provide protection against distinct pathogens. Naive T cells, which are immature T cells that have
Cell-mediated_immunity
Human retrovirus, cause of AIDS
HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system, such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads
HIV
Mammalian protein found in humans
is a cell surface receptor on T cells and B cells that has a role in regulating the immune system's response to the cells of the human body by down-regulating
Programmed cell death protein 1
Programmed_cell_death_protein_1
Type of cytotoxic lymphocyte
lymphoid cells (ILC), and represent 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes in humans. The role of NK cells is analogous to that of cytotoxic T cells in the
Natural_killer_cell
Skin disease
drug or its metabolite stimulates cytotoxic T cells (i.e. CD8+ T cells) and T helper cells (i.e. CD4+ T cells) to initiate autoimmune reactions that attack
Stevens–Johnson_syndrome
Type of immune system cancer
non-Hodgkin lymphomas (which are generally B-cell-related), CTCL is caused by a mutation of T cells. The cancerous T cells in the body initially migrate to the
Cutaneous_T-cell_lymphoma
Type of white blood cell
believed. B cells, unlike the other two classes of lymphocytes, T cells and natural killer cells, express B cell receptors (BCRs) on their cell membrane
B_cell
Type of cells of the immunological system
Lymphoid cells (lymphocytes) include T cells (subdivided into helper T cells, memory T cells, cytotoxic T cells), B cells (subdivided into plasma cells and
White_blood_cell
Medical condition
T-cell-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia
T-cell_prolymphocytic_leukemia
Hematological malignancy
Hairy cell leukemia is an uncommon hematological malignancy characterized by an accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes. The incidence of hairy cell leukemia
Hairy_cell_leukemia
Medical condition
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, sometimes misspelled AILT, formerly known as "angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia") is a mature T-cell lymphoma
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Angioimmunoblastic_T-cell_lymphoma
Type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by an aggressive malignant neoplasm of the bone marrow
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
T-cell_acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia
Type of cancer immunotherapy
T cell receptor T cell therapy (TCR-T) is a type of adoptive T-cell therapy that targets some cancers. TCR-T therapies are based on the use and redirection
T cell receptor T cell therapy
T_cell_receptor_T_cell_therapy
Group of disorders
or more types of lymphoid cells (a type of white blood cell), i.e. B cells, T cells, NK cells, and histiocytic-dendritic cells, are infected with the Epstein–Barr
Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases
Epstein–Barr_virus–associated_lymphoproliferative_diseases
Activation or suppression of the immune system to treat disease
approaches: (1) TIL therapy, (2) T cell receptor-engineered T cells (TCR-T cells), and (3) chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells), with newer adaptations
Immunotherapy
The list of human cell types provides an enumeration and description of the various specialized cells found within the human body, highlighting their
List_of_human_cell_types
Medical condition
emphasis on cell lineage. To this end, lymphoid leukemias can also be divided by the type of cells affected: B-cell leukemia T-cell leukemia NK-cell leukemia
Lymphoid_leukemia
Accessory cell of the mammalian immune system
on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. They act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dendritic cells are present
Dendritic_cell
Bone marrow cancer in which lymphocytes are overproduced
type of white blood cell. B cell lymphocytes can begin to collect in the blood, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow; these cells malfunction and crowd
Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia
Removal of autoreactive T and B cells outside of the primary lymphoid organs
bone marrow (after T and B cells egress from primary lymphoid organs). Its main purpose is to ensure that self-reactive T and B cells which escaped central
Peripheral_tolerance
Medical condition
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma is a rare form of lymphoma that is generally incurable, except in the case of an allogeneic stem cell transplant. It is
Hepatosplenic_T-cell_lymphoma
Group of rare lymphomas
Mature T-cell lymphoma, also called peripheral T-cell lymphoma, is a group of rare, aggressive lymphomas that develop from mature white blood cells and originate
Mature_T-cell_lymphoma
Elimination of autoreactive lymphocytes by the immune system
central tolerance is necessary because T cell receptors (TCRs) and B cell receptors (BCRs) are made by cells through random somatic rearrangement. This
Central_tolerance
Immunization with inactivated T-cells
T-cell vaccination is immunization with inactivated autoreactive T cells. The concept of T-cell vaccination is, at least partially, analogous to classical
T-cell_vaccination
T-cell depletion (TCD) is the process of T cell removal or reduction, which alters the immune system and its responses. Depletion can occur naturally
T-cell_depletion
Blood cancer characterized by overproduction of lymphoblasts
lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the development of large numbers of immature lymphocytes
Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia
Endocrine gland
primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. Within the thymus, T cells mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts
Thymus
Method for immune repertoire sequencing
(T-cell Receptor Sequencing) is a method used to identify and track specific T cells and their clones. TCR-Seq utilizes the unique nature of a T-cell receptor
Tcr-seq
Cancer of plasma cells
myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies
Multiple_myeloma
Informal grouping of virus species
T-lymphotropic viruses (STLVs). PTLVs are named for their ability to cause adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, but in the case of HTLV-1 it can also cause a demyelinating
Primate_T-lymphotropic_virus
Type of blood cancer
center B-cell within the mantle zone that surrounds normal germinal center follicles. MCL cells generally over-express cyclin D1 due to the t(11:14) translocation
Mantle_cell_lymphoma
Japanese manga series by Akane Shimizu
when necessary. She went through T Cell training alongside Killer T Cell and Helper T Cell. Naive T Cell (ナイーブT細胞, Naību T Saibō) Voiced by: Mutsumi Tamura
Cells_at_Work!
Medical condition
two main categories: T-cell LGL leukemia (T-LGLL) and natural-killer (NK)-cell LGL leukemia (NK-LGLL). As the name suggests, T-cell large granular lymphocyte
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Large_granular_lymphocytic_leukemia
Antigen which strongly activates the immune system
system. Specifically they cause non-specific activation of T-cells resulting in polyclonal T cell activation and massive cytokine release. Superantigens act
Superantigen
Mammalian protein found in humans
CD4+ T cells and activated CD8+ T cells. Put shortly, the function of IL-2 is to stimulate the growth of helper, cytotoxic and regulatory T cells. IL-2
Interleukin_2
Immunotherapy using T cells
Cellular adoptive immunotherapy is a type of immunotherapy. Immune cells such as T cells are usually isolated from patients for expansion or engineering
Cellular adoptive immunotherapy
Cellular_adoptive_immunotherapy
Medical condition
including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Types of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia include adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and (precursor) T-lymphoblastic
Acute_leukemia
Mammalian protein found in humans
antigen-specific T-cells in lymph nodes, while simultaneously reducing apoptosis in regulatory T cells (anti-inflammatory, suppressive T cells) – further mediated
PD-L1
Lymphatic tissue structure
T cells. When the B and T cells interact, the antigen-specific T cell receptors bind the antigen + MHC presented by the B cells. Additionally, the T cells
Germinal_center
Subsystem of the immune system
vaccination. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. B cells and T cells, two different types
Adaptive_immune_system
Medical condition
leukemia Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia In practice, it can be hard to distinguish T-cell leukemia from T-cell lymphoma, and
T-cell_leukemia
Tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system
erythrocytes, thrombocytes, macrophages and mast cells; the lymphoid cell line produces B, T, NK and plasma cells. Lymphomas, lymphocytic leukemias, and myeloma
Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues
Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissues
Adaptive immunity variety-generation process
T and B cell maturation. It results in the highly diverse repertoire of antibodies/immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (TCRs) found in B cells and T
V(D)J_recombination
Rare type of lymphoma
of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that was first described by Albert Sézary. The affected T cells, known as Sézary's cells or Lutzner cells, have pathological
Sézary_disease
Cell line
Jurkat cells are an immortalized line of human T lymphocyte cells that are used to study acute T cell leukemia, T cell signaling, and the expression of
Jurkat_cells
Signal to activate immune cells
signal which immune cells rely on to activate an immune response in the presence of an antigen-presenting cell. In the case of T cells, two stimuli are required
Co-stimulation
Immune cell
thymocyte is an immune cell present in the thymus, before it undergoes transformation into a T cell. Thymocytes are produced as stem cells in the bone marrow
Thymocyte
(DCs) are antigen presenting cells for the induction of antigen specific T cell response. DC-based immunotherapy is safe and can promote antitumor immune
Dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine
Dendritic_cell-based_cancer_vaccine
Human protein and gene for T-cell signaling
The Linker for activation of T cells, also known as linker of activated T cells or LAT, is a protein involved in the T-cell antigen receptor signal transduction
Linker for activation of T cells
Linker_for_activation_of_T_cells
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
regulator' of hematopoietic stem cells, and plays a critical role in the development of plasma B cells, T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and osteoclasts
PRDM1
Chemical entity which can be bound by an antibody
is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells. The part of an antibody that binds to the epitope is called a paratope
Epitope
Type of immune cell involved in germinal center formation and maintenance
T cells (also known as T follicular helper cells and abbreviated as TFH), are antigen-experienced CD4+ T cells found in the periphery within B cell follicles
Follicular_B_helper_T_cells
Blood cancer that affects B-type white blood cells
The B-cell lymphomas are types of lymphoma affecting B cells. Lymphomas are "blood cancers" in the lymph nodes. They develop more frequently in older adults
B-cell_lymphoma
T helper 3 cells (Th3) are a subset of T lymphocytes with immunoregulary and immunosuppressive functions, that can be induced by administration of foreign
T_helper_3_cell
Cells that ingest harmful matter within the body
dendritic cells, and mast cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, "to eat" or "devour", and "-cyte", the suffix in biology denoting "cell", from
Phagocyte
Medical diagnostic method
cytometry procedure that uses tetrameric proteins to detect and quantify T cells that are specific for a given antigen within a sample (e.g. blood, CSF)
Tetramer_assay
Cellular process
antigen-presenting cells (mostly dendritic cells) to take up, process and present extracellular antigens with MHC class I molecules to CD8 T cells (cytotoxic T cells).
Cross-presentation
Organ system in vertebrates complementary to the circulatory system
developing T cells rearrange their T-cell receptor (TCR) genes and are subjected to positive selection, which ensures that only T cells capable of recognizing
Lymphatic_system
Spectrum of conditions caused by HIV infection
spread and cell-to-cell spread, i.e. it employs hybrid spreading mechanisms. In the cell-free spread, virus particles bud from an infected T cell, enter the
HIV/AIDS
Human disease caused by protist parasites
highest levels of IL-10 mRNA in spleen cells is in CD8+ and other non-FoxP3+ T cells. White blood cell CD8+ T cells from VL patients have elevated IL-10
Visceral_leishmaniasis
Tissue-resident memory T cells or TRM cells represent a subset of a long-lived memory T cells that occupies epithelial, mucosal and other tissues (skin
Tissue-resident_memory_T_cell
Part of the variable chains in immunoglobulins and T cell receptors
variable chains in immunoglobulins (antibodies) and T cell receptors, generated by B-cells and T-cells respectively. CDRs are where these molecules bind
Complementarity-determining region
Complementarity-determining_region
Type of malignant cancer
Small-cell carcinoma is a type of highly aggressive cancer that most commonly arises within the lungs, but can also occasionally arise in the cervix, prostate
Small-cell_carcinoma
Type of blood cancer
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a cancer of B cells, a type of lymphocyte that is responsible for producing antibodies. It is the most common
Diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma
White blood cell that secretes large volumes of antibodies
Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells or effector B cells, are white blood cells that originate in the lymphoid organs as B cells and secrete large
Plasma_cell
Disease pathology and physiology
Upon acquisition of the virus, the virus replicates inside and kills T helper cells, which are required for almost all adaptive immune responses. There
Pathophysiology_of_HIV/AIDS
American biotechnology company
genetically engineered autologous CAR T cell therapy - a cell-based therapy which relies on chimeric antigen receptors and T cells. Founded in 2009, and based in
Kite_Pharma
Vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering
that is essential for T cell immune response triggering. Because T cells recognize only fragmented antigens displayed on cell surfaces, antigen processing
Antigen_presentation
Delivery methods of CAR-T cells
(CAR)-T cell delivery is the methodology by which clinicians introduce the cancer-targeting therapeutic system of the CAR-T cell to the human body. CAR-T cells
Engineered CAR T cell delivery
Engineered_CAR_T_cell_delivery
Protein found in humans
of T cells called T follicular helper cells (TFH cells). On TFH cells, CD154 promotes B cell maturation and function by engaging CD40 on the B cell surface
CD154
Lymphocyte T-cell immunomodulator (LTCI) is an immune regulating polypeptide, which is a potent regulator of CD-4 lymphocyte production and function. It
Lymphocyte T-cell immunomodulator
Lymphocyte_T-cell_immunomodulator
Immune response protein
function of regulatory T cells. Regulatory T cells generally turn the immune response down. In cancer, an excess of regulatory T cell activity can prevent
FOXP3
Immunomodulating pharmaceutical drug
In order for a T cell to be activated and produce an immune response, an antigen-presenting cell must present two signals to the T cell. One of those signals
Abatacept
Immune response to CMV infection
Memory T cell inflation phenomenon is the formation and maintenance of a large population of specific CD8+ T cells in reaction to cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Memory_T_cell_inflation
Physical effects resulting from activation of the immune system
cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. The function of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out damaged cells
Inflammation
Immune system deterioration brought on by aging
rates of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Along with anergy and T-cell exhaustion, immunosenescence is among the major dysfunctional states of
Immunosenescence
T CELL
T CELL
Female
Egyptian
, the mother of the priest Fai-iten-hemh-bai.
Female
Egyptian
, a sister of the prince Ra-hotep.
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of King Snefru.
Female
Egyptian
, an Egyptian lady, the wife of Antefaker.
Female
Egyptian
, The Good Companion.
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Old High German Bernhard, BERNÃT means "bold as a bear."
Female
Egyptian
, the goddess of time.
Male
Czechoslovakian
, living.
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of Osirtesen.
Male
Hungarian
Czech and Hungarian form of Latin Donatus, DONÃT means "given (by God)."
Female
Egyptian
, The Most Powerful of Beings.
Female
Norse
Old Norse name composed of the elements bjarga "to rescue" and ljótr "bright, light," hence "rescue light."Â
Surname or Lastname
English, French, German, Hungarian (Donát), Polish, and Czech (Donát)
English, French, German, Hungarian (Donát), Polish, and Czech (Donát) : from a medieval personal name (Latin Donatus, past participle of donare, frequentative of dare ‘to give’). The name was much favored by early Christians, either because the birth of a child was seen as a gift from God, or else because the child was in turn dedicated to God. The name was borne by various early saints, among them a 6th-century hermit of Sisteron and a 7th-century bishop of Besançon, all of whom contributed to the popularity of the baptismal name in the Middle Ages, which was not checked by the heresy of a 4th-century Carthaginian bishop who also bore it. Another bearer was a 4th-century gramMarian and commentator on Virgil, widely respected in the Middle Ages as a figure of great learning.
Female
Egyptian
, the goddess of darkness.
Male
Czechoslovakian
, given.
Male
Czechoslovakian
, earnest, serious.
Female
Egyptian
, the name of several Egyptian ladies.
Female
Egyptian
, a daughter of Rameses II; & a wife of Rameses II.
Female
Egyptian
, the wife of Toti.
Female
Icelandic
Icelandic form of Latin Margarita, MARGRÉT means "pearl."
T CELL
T CELL
Boy/Male
Greek Latin
God of medicine.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Angel
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Fasting
Girl/Female
Hindu
One who has a fierce face like destroyer Rudra
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Baby
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Crystal, KRISTEL means "crystal, ice."Â
Girl/Female
Hindu
Female
Chinese
beautiful countenance.
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Lord Ram
Girl/Female
Arabic
Soft
T CELL
T CELL
T CELL
T CELL
T CELL
v. t.
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