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SUPERSTRING THEORY

  • Superstring theory
  • Theory of strings with supersymmetry

    second superstring revolution, the five superstring theories (Type I, Type IIA, Type IIB, HO and HE) are regarded as different limits of a single theory tentatively

    Superstring theory

    Superstring_theory

  • History of string theory
  • The history of string theory spans several decades of intense research including two superstring revolutions. Through the combined efforts of many researchers

    History of string theory

    History_of_string_theory

  • String theory
  • Theory of subatomic structure

    superstring theory. Speaking at a string theory conference in 1995, Edward Witten made the surprising suggestion that all five superstring theories were

    String theory

    String_theory

  • M-theory
  • Framework of superstring theory

    superstring revolution. Prior to Witten's announcement, string theorists had identified five versions of superstring theory. Although these theories initially

    M-theory

    M-theory

  • Fuzzball (string theory)
  • Quantum description of black holes

    Fuzzballs are hypothetical objects in superstring theory, intended to provide a fully quantum description of the black holes predicted by general relativity

    Fuzzball (string theory)

    Fuzzball_(string_theory)

  • Type II string theory
  • Aspect of theoretical physics

    theory accounts for two of the five consistent superstring theories in ten dimensions. Both theories have N = 2 {\displaystyle {\mathcal {N}}=2} extended

    Type II string theory

    Type_II_string_theory

  • Dimension
  • Property of a mathematical space

    dimensions are used to describe superstring theory (6D hyperspace + 4D), 11 dimensions can describe supergravity and M-theory (7D hyperspace + 4D), and the

    Dimension

    Dimension

    Dimension

  • Theory of everything
  • Hypothetical physical concept

    in physics Is string theory, superstring theory, or M-theory, or some other variant on this theme, a step on the road to a "theory of everything", or just

    Theory of everything

    Theory of everything

    Theory_of_everything

  • Heterotic string theory
  • Physics concept of subatomic structure

    In string theory, a heterotic string is a closed string (or loop) which is a hybrid ('heterotic') of a superstring and a bosonic string. There are two

    Heterotic string theory

    Heterotic_string_theory

  • Cosmic string
  • Speculative feature of the early universe

    detecting cosmic strings could now be used to investigate superstring theory. Superstrings, D-strings or the other stringy objects mentioned above stretched

    Cosmic string

    Cosmic_string

  • String field theory
  • Formalism in string theory

    field theory with Berkovits' superstring field theory. Conformal field theory F-theory Fuzzballs List of string theory topics Little string theory Loop

    String field theory

    String_field_theory

  • Michael Green (physicist)
  • British physicist

    to the theory of phase transitions, but is best known for his trail-blazing work, much of it in collaboration with Schwarz, on superstring theory, including

    Michael Green (physicist)

    Michael_Green_(physicist)

  • The Elegant Universe
  • 1999 book by Brian Greene

    which introduces string and superstring theory, and provides a comprehensive though non-technical assessment of the theory and some of its shortcomings

    The Elegant Universe

    The_Elegant_Universe

  • Sheldon Glashow
  • American theoretical physicist

    Oppenheimer Memorial Prize with Feza Gürsey. Glashow is a skeptic of superstring theory due to its lack of experimentally testable predictions. He had campaigned

    Sheldon Glashow

    Sheldon Glashow

    Sheldon_Glashow

  • Grand Unified Theory
  • Comprehensive physical model

    A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is any model in particle physics that merges the electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces (the three gauge interactions of

    Grand Unified Theory

    Grand Unified Theory

    Grand_Unified_Theory

  • Bosonic string theory
  • 26-dimensional string theory

    in the context of string theory, and a new version of string theory called superstring theory (supersymmetric string theory) became the real focus. Nevertheless

    Bosonic string theory

    Bosonic_string_theory

  • Matrix string theory
  • Set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework

    matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework. Type IIA string theory can be shown to

    Matrix string theory

    Matrix_string_theory

  • Type I string theory
  • Aspect of theoretical physics

    and John H. Schwarz that anomalies in type I string theory cancel sparked the first superstring revolution. However, a key property of these models,

    Type I string theory

    Type_I_string_theory

  • String (physics)
  • Hypothetical physical entity

    five known versions of string theory incorporating the idea of supersymmetry (these five are known as superstring theories) and two versions without supersymmetry

    String (physics)

    String_(physics)

  • Calabi–Yau manifold
  • Riemannian manifold with SU(n) holonomy

    flatness, yielding applications in theoretical physics. Particularly in superstring theory, the extra dimensions of spacetime are sometimes conjectured to take

    Calabi–Yau manifold

    Calabi–Yau manifold

    Calabi–Yau_manifold

  • Brane cosmology
  • Theories in particle physics and cosmology

    cosmology refers to several theories in particle physics and cosmology related to string theory, superstring theory and M-theory. The central idea is that

    Brane cosmology

    Brane cosmology

    Brane_cosmology

  • 11th dimension
  • Topics referred to by the same term

    appears in M-theory, a proposed "master theory" that unifies the five superstring theories Introduction to M-theory "11th Dimension" (song), by Julian Casablancas

    11th dimension

    11th_dimension

  • F-theory
  • Branch of string theory

    one obtains type IIB superstring theory in 10 dimensions. The SL(2,Z) S-duality symmetry of the resulting type IIB string theory is manifest because it

    F-theory

    F-theory

  • General relativity
  • Theory of gravitation as curved spacetime

    usual three. In what is called the second superstring revolution, it was conjectured that both string theory and a unification of general relativity and

    General relativity

    General relativity

    General_relativity

  • Edward Witten
  • American theoretical physicist

    World Scientific, 1985. Green, M., John H. Schwarz, and E. Witten. Superstring Theory. Vol. 1, Introduction. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics

    Edward Witten

    Edward Witten

    Edward_Witten

  • John Henry Schwarz
  • American theoretical physicist

    theories led to the so-called "first superstring revolution" of 1984, which greatly contributed to moving string theory into the mainstream of research in

    John Henry Schwarz

    John_Henry_Schwarz

  • Weinberg–Witten theorem
  • Constraints on possible particle properties

    However, some of these theories can give rise to an approximate emergent Lorentz symmetry at low energies. Superstring theory defined over a background

    Weinberg–Witten theorem

    Weinberg–Witten_theorem

  • Green–Schwarz mechanism
  • Mechanism in superstring theory

    first superstring revolution in superstring theory. In 1984, Michael Green and John H. Schwarz realized that the anomaly in type I string theory with the

    Green–Schwarz mechanism

    Green–Schwarz_mechanism

  • Supergravity
  • Modern theory of gravitation that combines supersymmetry and general relativity

    (1984). "Anomaly cancellation in supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory and superstring theory". Physics Letters B. 149 (1–3): 117–122. Bibcode:1984PhLB..149

    Supergravity

    Supergravity

    Supergravity

  • Loop quantum gravity
  • Theory of quantum gravity merging quantum mechanics and general relativity

    role in string theory where they are among the first (massless) level of excitations of a superstring. LQG differs from string theory in that it is formulated

    Loop quantum gravity

    Loop quantum gravity

    Loop_quantum_gravity

  • AdS/CFT correspondence
  • Duality between theories of gravity on anti-de Sitter space and conformal field theories

    theory in 3+1 dimensions and type IIB superstring theory on AdS5 × S5. Current understanding of gravity is based on Albert Einstein's general theory of

    AdS/CFT correspondence

    AdS/CFT_correspondence

  • T-duality
  • Equivalence of two physical theories

    complicated theories, including superstring theories. The existence of these dualities implies that seemingly different superstring theories are actually

    T-duality

    T-duality

  • Supersymmetry
  • Symmetry between bosons and fermions

    of string theory, a possible theory of everything. There are two types of string theory, supersymmetric string theory or superstring theory, and non-supersymmetric

    Supersymmetry

    Supersymmetry

  • Physics beyond the Standard Model
  • Theories trying to extend known physics

    string theory, M-theory, and extra dimensions. As these theories tend to reproduce the entirety of current phenomena, the question of which theory is the

    Physics beyond the Standard Model

    Physics beyond the Standard Model

    Physics_beyond_the_Standard_Model

  • Mirror symmetry (string theory)
  • In physics and geometry: conjectured relation between pairs of Calabi–Yau manifolds

    string theory is that it requires extra dimensions of spacetime for its mathematical consistency. In superstring theory, the version of the theory that

    Mirror symmetry (string theory)

    Mirror_symmetry_(string_theory)

  • Multiverse
  • Hypothetical group of multiple universes

    most popular attempt to describe the fundamental nature of matter—superstring theory—also turns out (much to the theorists' surprise) to imply a vast multiplicity

    Multiverse

    Multiverse

    Multiverse

  • Quantum field theory
  • Theoretical framework in physics

    Examples of such theories include: Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), N = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory, and superstring theory. In a supersymmetric

    Quantum field theory

    Quantum field theory

    Quantum_field_theory

  • Theory
  • Supposition or system of ideas intended to explain something

    gravity — Superstring theory — Supergravity — Supersymmetric theory — Multiverse theory — Holographic principle — Quantum gravity — M-theory Economics:

    Theory

    Theory

    Theory

  • Quantum gravity
  • Description of gravity using discrete values

    ISBN 978-0-521-63303-1. and Polchinski, Joseph (1998b). String Theory Vol. II: Superstring Theory and Beyond. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-63304-8

    Quantum gravity

    Quantum gravity

    Quantum_gravity

  • Matrix theory (physics)
  • Quantum mechanical model based on mathematical matrices

    Ishibashi, H. Kawai, Y. Kitazawa, A. Tsuchiya, "A Large-N Reduced Model as Superstring", Nucl.Phys. B498 (1997), 467-491 (arXiv:hep-th/9612115). IKKT matrix

    Matrix theory (physics)

    Matrix_theory_(physics)

  • String duality
  • Class of symmetries in string theory

    as the second superstring revolution revealed that the five distinct superstring theories developed earlier were not separate theories at all. Previously

    String duality

    String_duality

  • Kaluza–Klein theory
  • Unified field theory

    In physics, Kaluza–Klein theory (KK theory) is an attempt at creating a unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism based on the idea of

    Kaluza–Klein theory

    Kaluza–Klein theory

    Kaluza–Klein_theory

  • Cumrun Vafa
  • Iranian theoretical physicist

    quantum field theories". In 1997, he developed F-theory, a 12-dimensional theory that compactifies to 10-D Type IIB superstring theory. He is also interested

    Cumrun Vafa

    Cumrun Vafa

    Cumrun_Vafa

  • Glossary of string theory
  • dimension in which a string or superstring theory is consistent; usually 26 for string theories and 10 for superstring theories. CVC Conserved vector current

    Glossary of string theory

    Glossary_of_string_theory

  • Black hole
  • Compact astronomical body

    gravity prevents anything, including light, from escaping. Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, which describes gravitation as the curvature of spacetime

    Black hole

    Black hole

    Black_hole

  • Anamaría Font
  • Venezuelan theoretical physicist (born 1959)

    collaborators introduced the concept of S-duality to superstring theory, contributing to the second superstring revolution. Anamaría Font Villarroel was born

    Anamaría Font

    Anamaría Font

    Anamaría_Font

  • Joseph Polchinski
  • American theoretical physicist and string theorist (1954–2018)

    String Theory, published in 1998. He is best known for the development of D-branes. In 2008 he won the Dirac Medal for his work in superstring theory. He

    Joseph Polchinski

    Joseph Polchinski

    Joseph_Polchinski

  • Conformal field theory
  • Quantum field theory enjoying conformal symmetry

    theory models imposes constraints on the central charge of this CFT, which should be c = 26 in bosonic string theory and c = 10 in superstring theory

    Conformal field theory

    Conformal_field_theory

  • Gauge theory (mathematics)
  • Study of vector bundles, principal bundles, and fibre bundles

    relating to them. For example, the limit of the natural field theories in superstring theory as the string radius approaches zero (the so-called large volume

    Gauge theory (mathematics)

    Gauge_theory_(mathematics)

  • Fundamental interaction
  • Most basic type of physical force

    speaking, became superstring theory. Multiple, seemingly disparate superstring theories were unified on a backbone, M-theory. Theories beyond the Standard

    Fundamental interaction

    Fundamental_interaction

  • Domain wall (string theory)
  • Theoretical (d–1)-dimensional singularity

    E8 gauge theory, is important for various relations between superstring theory and M-theory. If domain walls exist, their interactions are hypothesized

    Domain wall (string theory)

    Domain_wall_(string_theory)

  • List of string theory topics
  • condensation RNS formalism String theory landscape History of string theory First superstring revolution Second superstring revolution T-duality S-duality

    List of string theory topics

    List_of_string_theory_topics

  • Orbifold
  • Generalized manifold

    and thereby deforms the theory (i.e. changes it) so that the singularity no longer exists [1], [2]. In superstring theory, the construction of realistic

    Orbifold

    Orbifold

    Orbifold

  • Introduction to M-theory
  • Candidate "Theory of Everything"

    Greene, B. (1999). The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory. W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-375-70811-4. Greene

    Introduction to M-theory

    Introduction_to_M-theory

  • Twistor theory
  • Theory proposed by Roger Penrose

    (2006). Aspects of Twistor Geometry and Supersymmetric Field Theories within Superstring Theory (PhD). Universität Hannover. arXiv:hep-th/0603098. Sparling

    Twistor theory

    Twistor_theory

  • Bull of Heaven (band)
  • American experimental music group

    of Scorpions Released by Tripwire (2009) 110: Superstring Theory Refuted (2009) 111: Superstring Theory Verified (2009) 112: Conquer! That Is Enough (2009)

    Bull of Heaven (band)

    Bull of Heaven (band)

    Bull_of_Heaven_(band)

  • Super Virasoro algebra
  • Supersymmetric extension to the Virasoro algebra

    superalgebra. There are two extensions with particular importance in superstring theory: the Ramond algebra (named after Pierre Ramond) and the Neveu–Schwarz

    Super Virasoro algebra

    Super_Virasoro_algebra

  • Beyond Einstein (book)
  • 1987 book by Michio Kaku

    Thompson. It focuses on the development of superstring theory, which might become the unified field theory of the strong force, the weak force, electromagnetism

    Beyond Einstein (book)

    Beyond_Einstein_(book)

  • Brane
  • Extended physical object in string theory

    Look up brane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity), a brane is a physical object that generalizes

    Brane

    Brane

  • Physics
  • Scientific field of study

    superseded today. He explained ideas such as motion (and gravity) with the theory of four elements. Aristotle believed that each of the four classical elements

    Physics

    Physics

  • Andrew Strominger
  • American physicist

    co-discovered Calabi–Yau manifold compactifications, showing that a superstring theory could simultaneously incorporate gravity and all known particle types

    Andrew Strominger

    Andrew Strominger

    Andrew_Strominger

  • 496 (number)
  • Natural number

    number in superstring theory. In 1984, Michael Green and John H. Schwarz realized that one of the necessary conditions for a superstring theory to make

    496 (number)

    496_(number)

  • A Brief History of Time
  • 1988 book by Stephen Hawking

    dimensions. Superstring theory requires a total of 10 dimensions. The nature of the six "hyperspace" dimensions required by superstring theory are difficult

    A Brief History of Time

    A_Brief_History_of_Time

  • Neutrino oscillation
  • Phenomenon in which a neutrino changes lepton flavor as it travels

    J. W. F. (1986). "Neutrino mass and baryon number nonconservation in superstring models". Physical Review D. 34 (5): 1642–1645. Bibcode:1986PhRvD..34

    Neutrino oscillation

    Neutrino oscillation

    Neutrino_oscillation

  • Unification of theories in physics
  • Idea of connecting all of physics into one set of equations

    been decisively resolved; current leading candidates are M-theory, superstring theory and loop quantum gravity. Attempts to "unify" the known fundamental

    Unification of theories in physics

    Unification_of_theories_in_physics

  • Reality
  • Sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent

    957E. doi:10.1038/415957b. PMID 11875539. Ellis, John (1986). "The Superstring: Theory of Everything, or of Nothing?". Nature. 323 (6089): 595–598. Bibcode:1986Natur

    Reality

    Reality

  • Rhodes Scholarship
  • International postgraduate award

    ground-breaking discoveries in the field of superstring theory and was one of the cosmologists to co-develop superstring theory. The Rhodes Scholarship model has

    Rhodes Scholarship

    Rhodes Scholarship

    Rhodes_Scholarship

  • Super-Kamiokande
  • Japanese neutrino observatory

    oscillation in 1998. This was the first experimental observation supporting the theory that the neutrino has non-zero mass, a possibility that theorists had speculated

    Super-Kamiokande

    Super-Kamiokande

    Super-Kamiokande

  • Non-critical string theory
  • Theory in physics

    Theory, Cambridge University Press. A modern textbook. Vol. 1: An introduction to the bosonic string. ISBN 0-521-63303-6. Vol. 2: Superstring theory and

    Non-critical string theory

    Non-critical_string_theory

  • Particle physics
  • Study of subatomic particles and forces

    S2CID 206530683. Sokal, A. (22 July 1996). "Don't Pull the String Yet on Superstring Theory". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 December 2008

    Particle physics

    Particle physics

    Particle_physics

  • Montonen–Olive duality
  • Strong-weak duality in supersymmetric theories of theoretical physics

    topological quantum field theories and string theories, especially since the 1990s with the advent of the second superstring revolution. This duality is

    Montonen–Olive duality

    Montonen–Olive_duality

  • Worldsheet
  • Mathematical concept

    field theory consisting of 26 free scalar bosons. Meanwhile, a superstring worldsheet theory in 10 dimensions consists of 10 free scalar fields and their

    Worldsheet

    Worldsheet

  • Michio Kaku
  • American theoretical physicist, futurist and author

    had papers published in physics journals covering topics such as superstring theory, supergravity, supersymmetry, and hadronic physics. In 1974, Kaku

    Michio Kaku

    Michio Kaku

    Michio_Kaku

  • Pierre Ramond
  • American physicist

    Florida in Gainesville, Florida. He initiated the development of superstring theory. Ramond completed his BSEE from Newark College of Engineering (now

    Pierre Ramond

    Pierre_Ramond

  • Hanany–Witten transition
  • Theoretical process

    also called the Hanany–Witten effect, refers to any process in a superstring theory in which two p-branes cross resulting in the creation or destruction

    Hanany–Witten transition

    Hanany–Witten_transition

  • Faheem Hussain
  • Pakistani theoretical physicist and superstring theory researcher

    the field of superstring theory at the National Center for Physics, Hussain made contributions to the fields of superstring and string theory. He was the

    Faheem Hussain

    Faheem_Hussain

  • S-duality
  • Equivalence of two physical theories

    consistent superstring theories are just different limiting cases of a single eleven-dimensional theory called M-theory. In quantum field theory and string

    S-duality

    S-duality

  • Cosmological constant problem
  • Concept in cosmology

    density much smaller than a zero-point energy suggested by quantum field theory? More unsolved problems in physics In cosmology, the cosmological constant

    Cosmological constant problem

    Cosmological constant problem

    Cosmological_constant_problem

  • Tachyon
  • Hypothetical faster-than-light particle

    respectively the open bosonic sector and closed bosonic sector, of RNS superstring theory prior to the GSO projection. However such tachyons are not possible

    Tachyon

    Tachyon

  • Brian Greene
  • American theoretical physicist (born 1963)

    for the Ultimate Theory, published in 1999 and a New York Times Best Seller, is a popularization of superstring theory and M-theory. It was a finalist

    Brian Greene

    Brian Greene

    Brian_Greene

  • Holographic principle
  • Principle in theoretical physics

    The holographic principle is a property of string theories and a supposed property of quantum gravity that states that the description of a volume of space

    Holographic principle

    Holographic_principle

  • Sylvester James Gates
  • American physicist

    theoretical physicist who works on supersymmetry, supergravity, and superstring theory. He is currently the Toll Professor of Physics at the University of

    Sylvester James Gates

    Sylvester James Gates

    Sylvester_James_Gates

  • CP violation
  • Violation of charge-parity symmetry in particle physics and cosmology

    this theorem, regarded as one of the basic principles of quantum field theory, charge conjugation, parity, and time reversal are applied together. Direct

    CP violation

    CP violation

    CP_violation

  • Mahbubul Alam Majumdar
  • between Cosmic String Theory and Superstring Theory” (2005), which discusses connections between cosmic strings and superstring theory. Ekushey Padak, education

    Mahbubul Alam Majumdar

    Mahbubul Alam Majumdar

    Mahbubul_Alam_Majumdar

  • Kähler manifold
  • Manifold with Riemannian, complex and symplectic structure

    metrics. Every smooth complex projective variety is a Kähler manifold. Hodge theory is a central part of algebraic geometry, proved using Kähler metrics. Since

    Kähler manifold

    Kähler_manifold

  • Hořava–Witten theory
  • spacetime in M-theory. Proposed by Petr Hořava and Edward Witten, the theory is important for various relations between M-theory and superstring theory. nLab contributors

    Hořava–Witten theory

    Hořava–Witten_theory

  • Hierarchy problem
  • Unsolved problem in physics

    such figures arise. In particular, one might be especially curious about a theory where three values are close to one, and the fourth is so different; i.e

    Hierarchy problem

    Hierarchy problem

    Hierarchy_problem

  • Type IIB supergravity
  • Ten-dimensional supergravity

     147. ISBN 978-3030651503. Polchinski, J. (1998). String Theory Volume II: Superstring Theory and Beyond. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1551439761

    Type IIB supergravity

    Type_IIB_supergravity

  • String theory landscape
  • Collection of possible string theory vacua

    In string theory, the string theory landscape (or landscape of vacua) is the collection of possible false vacua, together comprising a collective "landscape"

    String theory landscape

    String_theory_landscape

  • Jeff Kollman
  • Musical artist

    backing band in 2019. On March 18, 2021, Kollman released the song "Superstring Theory" as a digital single on his Bandcamp site and announced a May 21 release

    Jeff Kollman

    Jeff Kollman

    Jeff_Kollman

  • Adinkra symbols (physics)
  • Graphical representation of supersymmetric algebras

    doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.71.065002. S2CID 18179363. S. James Gates Jr.: "Superstring Theory: The DNA of Reality Archived September 26, 2007, at the Wayback Machine"

    Adinkra symbols (physics)

    Adinkra symbols (physics)

    Adinkra_symbols_(physics)

  • Eleven-dimensional supergravity
  • Supergravity in eleven dimensions

    Superstring Theory: 25th Anniversary Edition: Volume 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-1107029132. Witten, E. (1995). "String theory dynamics

    Eleven-dimensional supergravity

    Eleven-dimensional_supergravity

  • D-brane
  • Extended objects found in string theory

    triggered the second superstring revolution and led to both holographic and M-theory dualities. The equations of motion of string theory require that the

    D-brane

    D-brane

    D-brane

  • Dirac Medal (ICTP)
  • Prize awarded by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics

    Bertram (2008). "Physics Nobel Prize to Nambu, Kobayashi, and Maskawa for theories of symmetry breaking". Physics Today. 61 (12): 16–20. Bibcode:2008PhT.

    Dirac Medal (ICTP)

    Dirac_Medal_(ICTP)

  • Asymptotic safety
  • Attempt to find a consistent theory of quantum gravity

    renormalizability) is a concept in quantum field theory which aims at finding a consistent and predictive quantum theory of the gravitational field. Its key ingredient

    Asymptotic safety

    Asymptotic safety

    Asymptotic_safety

  • List of quantum field theories
  • field theory φ4 theory Sine-Gordon Toda field theory Theories whose matter content consists only of spinor fields Dirac theory: free spinor field theory Thirring

    List of quantum field theories

    List_of_quantum_field_theories

  • Geometry
  • Branch of mathematics

    spaces find uses in string theory. In particular, worldsheets of strings are modelled by Riemann surfaces, and superstring theory predicts that the extra

    Geometry

    Geometry

  • Ramanujan theta function
  • Mathematical function

    to determine the critical dimensions in bosonic string theory, superstring theory and M-theory. Schmidt, M. D. (2017). "Square series generating function

    Ramanujan theta function

    Ramanujan_theta_function

  • Membrane Theory
  • Topics referred to by the same term

    Membrane Theory may refer to: M-theory, a theory in physics that unifies all of the consistent versions of superstring theory Membrane theory of shells

    Membrane Theory

    Membrane_Theory

  • Graviton
  • Hypothetical elementary particle that mediates gravity

    In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitational interaction. It is a quantum

    Graviton

    Graviton

AI & ChatGPT searchs for online references containing SUPERSTRING THEORY

SUPERSTRING THEORY

AI search references containing SUPERSTRING THEORY

SUPERSTRING THEORY

  • Kibbe
  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Kibbe

    English : according to Reaney this is a nickname from an unattested Old English word cybbe meaning ‘clumsy’ or ‘thickset’. Reaney’s speculation is apparently based on taking the Middle English word kibble ‘cudgel’ as a diminutive of an unattested Old English word. Corresponding personal names have been postulated for the place names Kibworth (‘enclosure of a man called Cybba’) and Kibblesworth (‘enclosure of a man called Cybbel’); so, in theory, the surname could be a reflex of these Old English personal names.North German : nickname for a cantankerous person, from Middle Low German, Middle High German kiven ‘to quarrel’.

    Kibbe

  • Cumming
  • Surname or Lastname

    English, Scottish, and Irish (of Norman origin)

    Cumming

    English, Scottish, and Irish (of Norman origin) : of disputed origin. It may be from a Celtic personal name derived from the element cam ‘bent’, ‘crooked’ (compare Cameron and Campbell). This was relatively frequent in Norfolk, Lincolnshire, and Yorkshire in the 12th and 13th centuries, perhaps as a result of Breton immigration. According to another theory it is a habitational name from Comines near Lille, but there is no evidence for this (no early forms with de have been found). In southern Ireland this Anglo-Norman name has been confused with 2.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Cuimín (or Ó Cuimín) ‘son (or ‘descendant’) of Cuimín’, a personal name formed from a diminutive of cam ‘crooked’.Americanized form of French Canadian Vien, Viens, based on the misconception that these derive from French venire ‘to come’.

    Cumming

  • Gill
  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Gill

    English : from a short form of the personal names Giles, Julian, or William. In theory the name would have a soft initial when derived from the first two of these, and a hard one when from William or from the other possibilities discussed in 2–4 below. However, there has been much confusion over the centuries.Northern English : topographic name for someone who lived by a ravine or deep glen, Middle English gil(l), Old Norse gil ‘ravine’.Scottish and Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Gille (Scottish), Mac Giolla (Irish), patronymics from an occupational name for a servant or a short form of the various personal names formed by attaching this element to the name of a saint. See McGill. The Old Norse personal name Gilli is probably of this origin, and may lie behind some examples of the name in northern England.Scottish and Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac An Ghoill (see Gall 1).Norwegian : habitational name from any of three farmsteads in western Norway named Gil, from Old Norse gil ‘ravine’.Dutch : cognate of Giles.Jewish (Israeli) : ornamental name from Hebrew gil ‘joy’.German : from a vernacular short form of the medieval personal name Aegidius (see Gilger).Indian (Panjab) : Sikh name, probably from Panjabi gil ‘moisture’, also meaning ‘prosperity’. There is a Jat tribe that bears this name; the Ramgarhia Sikhs also have a clan called Gill.

    Gill

  • Kerr
  • Surname or Lastname

    English and Scottish

    Kerr

    English and Scottish : topographic name for someone who lived by a patch of wet ground overgrown with brushwood, northern Middle English kerr (Old Norse kjarr). A legend grew up that the Kerrs were left-handed, on theory that the name is derived from Gaelic cearr ‘wrong-handed’, ‘left-handed’.Irish : see Carr.This surname has also absorbed examples of German Kehr.

    Kerr

  • Preble
  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Preble

    English : unexplained. It may be a variant of a medieval name, Preville, a habitational name from a Norman place named with the elements pré ‘meadow’ + ville ‘settlement’. However, this theory is not supported by evidence of early forms.

    Preble

  • Turk
  • Surname or Lastname

    English (mainly Gloucestershire), Dutch, and German (also Türk)

    Turk

    English (mainly Gloucestershire), Dutch, and German (also Türk) : from Middle English, Old French turc, Middle High and Low German Turc ‘Turk’, from Turkish türk. In theory this could be an ethnic name but, both in England and northwest Europe, it is generally a nickname for a person with black hair and a swarthy complexion or a cruel, rowdy, or unruly person. The Dutch and German surname also represents a house name, derived from the use of a picture of a Turk as a house sign. It is also found as a nickname for someone who had taken part in the wars against the Turks.English : from a medieval personal name, a back-formation from Turkel, misanalyzed as containing the Old French diminutive suffix -el.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Tuirc, a patronymic from the byname Torc ‘boar’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ethnic name denoting someone from Turkey or anywhere in the Ottoman Empire, or a nickname for someone thought to resemble a Turk.Americanized form of the Greek ethnic name Tourkos ‘Turk’. See also Turco.

    Turk

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Online names & meanings

  • AbdulHafiz
  • Boy/Male

    Arabic

    AbdulHafiz

    Servant of the Protector

  • Purvaja
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu

    Purvaja

    Elder Sister

  • Rajnikant
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu

    Rajnikant

    The Moon

  • Yavar | யாவர
  • Boy/Male

    Tamil

    Yavar | யாவர

    Augmented by glory

  • Cajetan
  • Boy/Male

    French, German, Latin

    Cajetan

    Rejoiced

  • Elavendhan | ஏலாவேந்தந
  • Boy/Male

    Tamil

    Elavendhan | ஏலாவேந்தந

    The honorable person in the world

  • Agnibha
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu, Indian

    Agnibha

    Shining Like Fire or Gold

  • Caple
  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Caple

    English : variant spelling of Capel.Americanized spelling of German Kappel or of Göbel (see Goebel).

  • Dilkash |
  • Boy/Male

    Muslim

    Dilkash |

    Fascinating, Attractive (1)

  • Bainbridge
  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Bainbridge

    English : habitational name from Bainbridge in North Yorkshire, named for the Bain river on which it stands (which is named with Old Norse beinn ‘straight’) + Old English brycg ‘bridge’.A family of this name was very prominent in Princeton, NJ, from the mid 17th century.

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Other words and meanings similar to

SUPERSTRING THEORY

AI search in online dictionary sources & meanings containing SUPERSTRING THEORY

SUPERSTRING THEORY

  • Superstrain
  • v. t.

    To overstrain.

  • Vegetarianism
  • n.

    The theory or practice of living upon vegetables and fruits.

  • Vitalist
  • n.

    A believer in the theory of vitalism; -- opposed to physicist.

  • Theories
  • pl.

    of Theory

  • Theorize
  • v. i.

    To form a theory or theories; to form opinions solely by theory; to speculate.

  • Vitalistic
  • a.

    Pertaining to, or involving, vitalism, or the theory of a special vital principle.

  • Theory
  • n.

    A doctrine, or scheme of things, which terminates in speculation or contemplation, without a view to practice; hypothesis; speculation.

  • Theory
  • n.

    The philosophical explanation of phenomena, either physical or moral; as, Lavoisier's theory of combustion; Adam Smith's theory of moral sentiments.

  • Undulationist
  • n.

    One who advocates the undulatory theory of light.

  • Vulcanic
  • a.

    Of or pertaining to volcanoes; specifically, relating to the geological theory of the Vulcanists, or Plutonists.

  • Theory
  • n.

    An exposition of the general or abstract principles of any science; as, the theory of music.

  • Vortex
  • n.

    A supposed collection of particles of very subtile matter, endowed with a rapid rotary motion around an axis which was also the axis of a sun or a planet. Descartes attempted to account for the formation of the universe, and the movements of the bodies composing it, by a theory of vortices.

  • Supersedure
  • n.

    The act of superseding, or setting aside; supersession; as, the supersedure of trial by jury.

  • Transmutation
  • n.

    The change of one species into another, which is assumed to take place in any development theory of life; transformism.

  • Superseding
  • p. pr. & vb. n.

    of Supersede

  • Scheme
  • n.

    A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to form a scheme.

  • Theorization
  • n.

    The act or product of theorizing; the formation of a theory or theories; speculation.

  • Underlie
  • v. t.

    To be at the basis of; to form the foundation of; to support; as, a doctrine underlying a theory.

  • Theory
  • n.

    The science, as distinguished from the art; as, the theory and practice of medicine.

  • Supersession
  • n.

    The act of superseding, or the state of being superseded; supersedure.