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Theory of subatomic structure
In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called
String_theory
Formalism in string theory
String field theory (SFT) is a formalism in string theory in which the dynamics of relativistic strings is reformulated in the language of quantum field
String_field_theory
Physics concept of subatomic structure
In string theory, a heterotic string is a closed string (or loop) which is a hybrid ('heterotic') of a superstring and a bosonic string. There are two
Heterotic_string_theory
Theory of strings with supersymmetry
'Superstring theory' is a shorthand for supersymmetric string theory because unlike bosonic string theory, it is the version of string theory that accounts
Superstring_theory
Collection of possible string theory vacua
In string theory, the string theory landscape (or landscape of vacua) is the collection of possible false vacua, together comprising a collective "landscape"
String_theory_landscape
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up string theory in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. String theory is a branch of theoretical physics. String theory may also refer to: Concatenation
String theory (disambiguation)
String_theory_(disambiguation)
The history of string theory spans several decades of intense research including two superstring revolutions. Through the combined efforts of many researchers
History_of_string_theory
Theory proposed by Roger Penrose
Twistor string theory was extended first by generalising the RSV Yang–Mills amplitude formula, and then by finding the underlying string theory. The extension
Twistor_theory
Hypothetical physical concept
a type of string that vibrates one way, while the up quark is a type of string vibrating another way, and so forth). String theory/M-theory proposes six
Theory_of_everything
26-dimensional string theory
Bosonic string theory is the original version of string theory, developed in the late 1960s. It is so called because it contains only bosons in the spectrum
Bosonic_string_theory
Quantum description of black holes
advanced as the ultimate building blocks of matter and light. Under string theory, strings are bundles of energy vibrating in complex ways in both the
Fuzzball_(string_theory)
2021 studio album by A Flock of Seagulls with the Slovenian Symphonic Film Orchestra
String Theory is the collaborative second album by the English band A Flock of Seagulls, recorded with the Slovenian Symphonic Film Orchestra. Released
String Theory (A Flock of Seagulls album)
String_Theory_(A_Flock_of_Seagulls_album)
Framework of superstring theory
Edward Witten first conjectured the existence of such a theory at a string theory conference at the University of Southern California in 1995. Witten's
M-theory
Principle in theoretical physics
The holographic principle is a property of string theories and a supposed property of quantum gravity that states that the description of a volume of
Holographic_principle
In physics and geometry: conjectured relation between pairs of Calabi–Yau manifolds
but are nevertheless equivalent when employed as extra dimensions of string theory. Early cases of mirror symmetry were discovered by physicists. Mathematicians
Mirror symmetry (string theory)
Mirror_symmetry_(string_theory)
Theory of gravitation as curved spacetime
relativity, also known as the general theory of relativity, and as Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert
General_relativity
Description of gravity using discrete values
gravity, such as string theory, try to develop a framework that describes all fundamental forces. Such a theory is often referred to as a theory of everything
Quantum_gravity
Attraction of masses and energy
weaker as objects get farther away. Gravity is described by the general theory of relativity, proposed by Albert Einstein in 1915, which describes gravity
Gravity
Theory in theoretical physics
In theoretical physics, topological string theory is a version of string theory. Topological string theory appeared in papers by theoretical physicists
Topological_string_theory
Set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework
physics, matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework. Type IIA string theory can be shown
Matrix_string_theory
Theory of quantum gravity merging quantum mechanics and general relativity
required in string theory. Loop quantum gravity, like string theory, also aims to overcome the nonrenormalizable divergences of quantum field theories. LQG does
Loop_quantum_gravity
Field theory in physics that aims to unify the fundamental forces and particles
In physics, a unified field theory (UFT) is a type of field theory that allows all fundamental forces of nature, including gravity, and all elementary
Unified_field_theory
Aspect of theoretical physics
physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts for two
Type_II_string_theory
Process in particle physics
conjectured that the tachyons carried by open strings attached to D-branes in string theory reflect the instability of the D-branes with respect to their complete
Tachyon_condensation
American theoretical physicist (b. 1957)
mathematician who works in twistor theory. He works in the mathematics department at Columbia University. A critic of string theory, Woit has published the book
Peter_Woit
Speculative feature of the early universe
prediction in both quantum field theory and string theory models of the early universe. The prototypical example of a field theory with cosmic strings is the
Cosmic_string
Flexible structure made from fibers twisted together
term, including strings in computer science, cosmic strings, and string theory. String, along with twine and other cordage, was used in prehistoric times
String
Unified field theory
theory is named after Theodor Kaluza and Oskar Klein. It is not supported by experiments, but is a precursor to supergravity and modern string theory
Kaluza–Klein_theory
2018 studio album by Hanson
String Theory is the seventh studio album and first double album by Hanson, released on November 9, 2018, featuring the Prague Symphony performing string
String_Theory_(Hanson_album)
This page is a glossary of terms in string theory, including related areas such as supergravity, supersymmetry, and high energy physics. Contents: Conventions
Glossary_of_string_theory
Classical theory of gravitation
theoretical physics, the Einstein–Cartan theory, also known as the Einstein–Cartan–Sciama–Kibble theory, is a classical theory of gravitation, one of several alternatives
Einstein–Cartan_theory
string theory Type IIB string theory Heterotic string N=2 superstring M-theory Matrix theory Introduction to M-theory F-theory String field theory Matrix
List_of_string_theory_topics
Comprehensive physical model
of SO(10). In some forms of string theory, including E8 × E8 heterotic string theory, the resultant four-dimensional theory after spontaneous compactification
Grand_Unified_Theory
American theoretical physicist (born 1940)
Institute for Theoretical Physics. His research interests are string theory, quantum field theory, quantum statistical mechanics and quantum cosmology. He
Leonard_Susskind
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
In 2002, some proponents of the leading candidate for a "theory of everything", string theory, proclaimed "the end of the anthropic principle" since there
Anthropic_principle
Proposed theories of gravity
relativity are physical theories that attempt to describe the phenomenon of gravitation in competition with Einstein's theory of general relativity. There
Alternatives to general relativity
Alternatives_to_general_relativity
Duality between theories of gravity on anti-de Sitter space and conformal field theories
theories of quantum gravity, formulated in terms of string theory or M-theory. On the other side of the correspondence are conformal field theories (CFT)
AdS/CFT_correspondence
Hypothetical group of multiple universes
different kind has been envisaged within string theory and its higher-dimensional extension, M-theory. These theories require the presence of 10 or 11 spacetime
Multiverse
American theoretical physicist (born 1955)
gravity, loop quantum gravity and string theory, can be reconciled as different aspects of the same underlying theory. He also advocates an alternative
Lee_Smolin
Aspect of theoretical physics
In theoretical physics, type I string theory is one of five consistent supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions. It is the only one whose strings
Type_I_string_theory
Hypothetical physical entity
In physics, a string is a physical entity postulated in string theory and related subjects. Unlike elementary particles, which are zero-dimensional or
String_(physics)
Indian physicist (born 1956)
opening the path to the realization that all string theories are different limits of the same underlying theory". He was born on 15 July 1956 in Kolkata,
Ashoke_Sen
Theoretical (d–1)-dimensional singularity
In string theory, a domain wall is a theoretical (d−1)-dimensional singularity. A domain wall is meant to represent an object of codimension one embedded
Domain_wall_(string_theory)
American theoretical physicist
theoretical physicist known for his contributions to string theory, topological quantum field theory, general relativity and various areas of mathematics
Edward_Witten
133-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
SU(8). In string theory, E7 appears as a part of the gauge group of one of the (unstable and non-supersymmetric) versions of the heterotic string. It can
E7_(mathematics)
Modern theory of gravitation that combines supersymmetry and general relativity
obligatory gauge symmetry in type I and heterotic string theories, and obtained in type II string theory by compactification on certain Calabi–Yau manifolds
Supergravity
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
part of string theory, a possible theory of everything. There are two types of string theory, supersymmetric string theory or superstring theory, and non-supersymmetric
Supersymmetry
Precursor physical model to string theory and quantum chromodynamics
field theory. But in the guise of string theory, S-matrix theory is still a popular approach to the problem of quantum gravity. The S-matrix theory is related
S-matrix_theory
Theoretical framework in physics
(2005). String Theory. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-67227-6. Schwarz, John H. (2012-01-04). "The Early History of String Theory and
Quantum_field_theory
the Star Trek: Destiny miniseries by David Mack. Star Trek: Voyager – String Theory was published on the tenth-anniversary of the television series premiere
List of Star Trek: Voyager novels
List_of_Star_Trek:_Voyager_novels
American pop-rock band
"Hanson Announce New Album 'String Theory' & Tour Dates: Details". Billboard. Retrieved August 14, 2018. "Hanson Launch String Theory". Hanson. Retrieved July
Hanson_(band)
Equivalence of two physical theories
duality) is an equivalence of two physical theories, which may be either quantum field theories or string theories developed by Ashoke Sen. S-duality is useful
S-duality
Theories trying to extend known physics
as string theory, M-theory, and extra dimensions. As these theories tend to reproduce the entirety of current phenomena, the question of which theory is
Physics beyond the Standard Model
Physics_beyond_the_Standard_Model
Property of a mathematical space
dimensions Bosonic string theory 32 dimensions Trigintaduonion Higher dimensions Vector space Plane of rotation Curse of dimensionality String theory Infinite Hilbert
Dimension
and general theories of relativity. An elemental force carrier of gravity is hypothesized in quantum gravity approaches such as string theory, in a potentially
History of gravitational theory
History_of_gravitational_theory
Classical statement of gravity as force
gravity, there were many theories explaining gravity. Philosophers made observations about things falling down − and developed theories why they do – as early
Newton's law of universal gravitation
Newton's_law_of_universal_gravitation
2006 string theory book by Lee Smolin
of String Theory, the Fall of a Science, and What Comes Next is a 2006 book by the theoretical physicist Lee Smolin about the problems with string theory
The_Trouble_with_Physics
Generalized manifold
Orbifolding is therefore a general procedure of string theory to derive a new string theory from an old string theory in which the elements of G have been identified
Orbifold
Unique string of length zero
formal language theory, the empty string, also known as the empty word or null string, is the unique string of length zero. Formally, a string is a finite
Empty_string
Contraction of an astronomical object due to the influence of its gravity
"ordinary" degenerate neutrons.[citation needed] According to Einstein's theory, for objects with masses above the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit (roughly
Gravitational_collapse
Low energy theories not compatible with string theory
low-energy physical theories which are not compatible with quantum gravity. This is in contrast with the so-called "string theory landscape" that are
Swampland_(physics)
Fictional character from Quantum Leap
at MIT, Sam and his mentor, Professor Sebastian LoNigro, developed a string theory of time travel ("Her Charm"; see below). Sam went through four years
Sam_Beckett
Proposed theory of gravitation
the Brans–Dicke theory of gravitation (sometimes called the Jordan–Brans–Dicke theory) is a competitor to Einstein's general theory of relativity. It
Brans–Dicke_theory
Aspect of theoretical physics
Twistor string theory is an equivalence between N = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory and the perturbative topological B model string theory in twistor
Twistor_string_theory
English new wave and synth-pop band
temporarily to record another album with the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra, String Theory. The band A Flock of Seagulls was formed in Liverpool, in 1979 by Mike
A_Flock_of_Seagulls
Russian-American theoretical physicist
challenges of this theory is to find the probability of living in each of these different parts of the universe. However, once string theory is invoked, it
Andrei_Linde
Unsolved problem in physics
researchers showed that UV/IR mixing could resolve the hierarchy problem in string theory. In physical cosmology, current observations in favor of an accelerating
Hierarchy_problem
248-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
physics and especially in string theory and supergravity. E8×E8 is the gauge group of one of the two types of heterotic string and is one of two anomaly-free
E8_(mathematics)
Equivalence of two physical theories
physical theories, which may be either quantum field theories or string theories. In the simplest example of this relationship, one of the theories describes
T-duality
Branch of string theory
theoretical physics, F-theory is a branch of string theory developed by Iranian-American physicist Cumrun Vafa. The new vacua described by F-theory were discovered
F-theory
Hypothesis proposing a modification of Newton's laws
More unsolved problems in physics Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's laws to account for observed properties
Modified_Newtonian_dynamics
Theory of fundamental physics
Superfluid vacuum theory (SVT), sometimes known as the BEC vacuum theory, is an approach in theoretical physics and quantum mechanics where the fundamental
Superfluid_vacuum_theory
Physics conference held annually
conferences on the topic of string theory and quantum gravity, held annually since 1988. It is a key event for the string theory community. In 2004, it gathered
Strings_(conference)
Italian physicist (born 1951)
research areas have included mathematical physics, particle physics, and string theory. Nappi obtained the Diploma della Scuola di Perfezionamento in physics
Chiara_Nappi
Duality in string theory
duality in string theory, hence a correspondence between two different theories, in this case between Chern–Simons theory and Gromov–Witten theory. The latter
Gopakumar–Vafa_duality
Set of mathematical concepts in quantum gravity
the Planck length. Each theory of quantum gravity uses the term "quantum geometry" in a slightly different fashion. String theory uses quantum geometry
Quantum_geometry
Branch of physics
mirror symmetry (string theory), which although nowadays is a major research topic in pure mathematics, originated from string theory compactifications
Theoretical_physics
American composer
Andrews and the String Theory which received a Grammy nomination that year in the Best Spoken Word category. Abadi joined String Theory on their following
Nomi_Abadi
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
determined by the vibrational state of the string. In string theory, one of the many vibrational states of the string corresponds to the graviton, a quantum
Quantum_mechanics
Geometric space with six dimensions
1997 another string theory has come to light that works in six dimensions. Little string theories are non-gravitational string theories in five and six
Six-dimensional_space
British physicist (1902–1984)
forth his large numbers hypothesis. Dirac is seen as having anticipated string theory, with his work on the Dirac membrane and Dirac–Born–Infeld action, both
Paul_Dirac
Joining of strings in a programming language
"snowball". In certain formalizations of concatenation theory, also called string theory, string concatenation is a primitive notion. To concatenate is
Concatenation
Theory extending Einstein gravity
quadratic-in-curvature terms to the Einstein–Hilbert Lagrangian. Doing this makes the theory renormalizable. This is one of numerous alternatives to general relativity
Quadratic_gravity
Spanish theoretical physicist (born 1955)
Álvarez-Gaumé (born 1955) is a Spanish theoretical physicist who works on string theory and quantum gravity. Luis Álvarez-Gaumé obtained his PhD in 1981 from
Luis_Álvarez-Gaumé
Identifiable collection of matter
are always extended in at least one dimension of space as in string theory or M theory. In some branches of psychology, depending on school of thought
Physical_object
Theory in physics
non-critical string theory describes the relativistic string without enforcing the critical dimension. Although this allows the construction of a string theory in
Non-critical_string_theory
Compact astronomical body
on string theory, states that black holes are actually made up of quantum microstates and need not have a singularity or an event horizon. The theory of
Black_hole
Tensor field in Riemannian geometry
connection. It is a central mathematical tool in the theory of general relativity, the modern theory of gravity. The curvature of spacetime is in principle
Riemann_curvature_tensor
Extended objects found in string theory
In string theory, D-branes, short for Dirichlet membrane, are a class of extended objects upon which open strings can end with Dirichlet boundary conditions
D-brane
Subatomic particle having no substructure
sweeps out something called a world sheet. String theory predicts 1- to 10-branes (a 1-brane being a string and a 10-brane being a 10-dimensional object)
Elementary_particle
American theoretical physicist
1961) is an American theoretical physicist, best known for his work in string theory and mathematical physics. Douglas was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Michael_R._Douglas
Compare and contrast article
Many first principles in quantum field theory are explained, or get further insight, in string theory. Emission and absorption: one of the most basic building
Relationship between string theory and quantum field theory
Relationship_between_string_theory_and_quantum_field_theory
Quantum mechanical model based on mathematical matrices
considered the worldvolume theory of a large number of D0-branes in Type IIA string theory. In geometry, it is often useful to introduce coordinates. For example
Matrix_theory_(physics)
Peruvian theoretical physicist (b. 1954)
one of the world's leading experts in string field theory. He wrote the textbook A First Course in String Theory (2004, ISBN 0-521-83143-1), meant for
Barton_Zwiebach
Extended physical object in string theory
Look up brane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity), a brane is a physical object that generalizes
Brane
Candidate "Theory of Everything"
the 1980s, a new mathematical model of theoretical physics, called string theory, emerged. It showed how all the different subatomic particles known
Introduction_to_M-theory
Book by Leonard Susskind
advanced quantum mechanics, the Higgs boson, quantum entanglement, string theory, and black holes. The full series delivers over 100 lectures, with some
The_Theoretical_Minimum
Block: String Theory at Rodan Boomkat: String Theory - Anhedonia String Theory Discography Allmusic: String Theory's Radiovalerian String Theory Website
String_Theory_(band)
Musical artist
Berlin String Theory in 2006–2008, followed by The Göteborg String Theory in 2009–11. Since 2012 the collective's orchestra goes by the name The String Theory
String Theory (artist collective)
String_Theory_(artist_collective)
Toy model of general relativity
to an exact quantum solution. It is also the action for Non-critical string theory and dimensional reduction of higher-dimensional model. It also distinguishes
CGHS_model
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