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The terms structural gene and regulatory gene date back to the mid-1960s and the work on the lac operon and the synthesis of proteins in E. coli. In that
Structural_gene
Group of open reading frames under the same regulation
physically obstructs the RNA polymerase from transcribing the genes. Structural genes – the genes that are co-regulated by the operon. Not always included
Operon
Set genes encoding proteins and enzymes for lactose metabolism
lac operon consists of 3 structural genes, and a promoter, a terminator, regulator, and an operator. The three structural genes are: lacZ, lacY, and lacA
Lac_operon
Operon that codes for the components for production of tryptophan
present in the environment, the genes for tryptophan synthesis are repressed. The trp operon contains five structural genes: trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and
Trp_operon
Mammalian protein
kisspeptin-54 (KP-54), formerly known as metastin) are proteins encoded by the KISS1 gene in humans. Kisspeptins are ligands of the G-protein coupled receptor, GPR54
Kisspeptin
DNA-containing virus-like particles produced by bacteria and archaea
and tail components of the phage particle (structural genes) and the genes for DNA packaging. The phage genes specifying its regulation and DNA replication
Gene_transfer_agent
Gene regulation group
L-arabinose in Escherichia coli. The L-arabinose operon contains three structural genes: araB, araA, araD (collectively known as araBAD), which encode for
L-arabinose_operon
nearby receptor site, which stimulates the synthesis of mRNA at the structural gene. This theory would explain how several different integrators could
Britten–Davidson_model
Comparison of organism developmental processes
structural genes, such as those coding for enzymes; what does differ is the way that gene expression is regulated by the toolkit genes. These genes are
Evolutionary developmental biology
Evolutionary_developmental_biology
Sort of RNA-binding protein in molecular genetics
transcribing the structural genes into proteins. In the absence of Arabinose and araC (repressor), loop formation is not initiated and structural gene expression
Repressor
Process in computational biology
Many aspects of structural gene prediction are based on current understanding of underlying biochemical processes in the cell such as gene transcription
Gene_prediction
Horse coat color
Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-8138-2495-6. Albinism results from a structural gene mutation at the locus that codes for tyrosinase; that is, albino animals
White_horse
Individual differences in genomic DNA
of the human genome is defined as structurally variant in the normal population, and there are at least 240 genes that exist as homozygous deletion polymorphisms
Structural_variation
Class of enzymes
As reporter genes are flanked by homologous regions of the structural gene for amylase, successful integration will disrupt the amylase gene and prevent
Amylase
Regulatory mechanism
either stops transcription at that point or allows read-through to the structural gene part of the mRNA and synthesis of the appropriate protein. Attenuation
Attenuator_(genetics)
Set of several similar genes
A gene family is a set of several similar genes, formed by duplication of a single original gene, and generally with similar biochemical functions. One
Gene_family
mercury. Mercury(II) reductase, commonly known as MerA, is encoded in a structural gene found on the mer loci or as transposon 501 (Tn501). It shares the same
Mercury(II)_reductase
Endogenous enzyme
(E.C. 1.4.3.4) that in humans is encoded by the MAOA gene. This gene is one of two neighboring gene family members that encode mitochondrial enzymes which
Monoamine_oxidase_A
Sequence of DNA that determines traits in an organism
types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and non-coding genes. During gene expression (the synthesis of RNA or protein from a gene), DNA is first copied
Gene
2005 evo-devo book by Sean B. Carroll
regulatory genes, which do not code for structural proteins (such as enzymes), control embryonic development. In turn, these regulatory genes turn out to
Endless Forms Most Beautiful (book)
Endless_Forms_Most_Beautiful_(book)
Type of bacteriocin produced by and toxic to some strains of Escherichia coli
genes, as well as the colicin operon. The colicin operons are generally organized with several major genes. These include a colicin structural gene,
Colicin
measures the expression of genes induced by genotoxic agents in Escherichia coli, by means of a fusion with the structural gene for β-galactosidase. The
SOS_chromotest
Process that prevents the expression of a gene
Gene silencing is the regulation of gene expression in a cell to prevent the expression of a certain gene. Gene silencing can occur during either transcription
Gene_silencing
Group of dehydrogenase enzymes
Truniger V, Boos W (March 1994). "Mapping and cloning of gldA, the structural gene of the Escherichia coli glycerol dehydrogenase". Journal of Bacteriology
Alcohol_dehydrogenase
Structure in lactic-acid bacterium RNA
asd gene of Streptococcus mutans. Identification of the promoter region and evidence for attenuator-like sequences preceding the structural gene". The
Asd_RNA_motif
Species of bacterium
Characterization of a Highly Specific Bacteriocin and Cloning of Its Structural Gene". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 69 (4): 2201–2208. Bibcode:2003ApEnM
Streptomyces_ipomoeae
DNA screening technique
corresponding to an operator-proximal segment of the beta-galactosidase structural gene of Escherichia coli". Journal of Molecular Biology. 24 (2): 339–343
Blue–white_screen
cell chip – sticky end – stoma – stomach – streptomycin – structural biology – structural gene – substrate – substrate-level phosphorylation – surface area-to-volume
Index_of_biology_articles
Biomolecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues
which structural data about thousands of proteins can be obtained in the form of Cartesian coordinates for each atom in the protein. Many more gene sequences
Protein
American neuroscientist (born 1944)
This technique was then used to show that the Drosophila Shaker gene was the structural gene for a potassium channel, a claim which was based on several genetic
Lawrence_B._Salkoff
Enzyme involved in the production of energy by cells
D, Cherest H, Surdin-Kerjan Y (March 1991). "Identification of the structural gene for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in yeast. Inactivation leads
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
Glucose-6-phosphate_dehydrogenase
X-linked recessive disorder characterised by impulsive behaviour
1993). "Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A". Science. 262 (5133): 578–80. Bibcode:1993Sci
Brunner_syndrome
Topics referred to by the same term
footballer José María Laca (1898–1977), Spanish footballer lacA, a structural gene in the lac operon This disambiguation page lists articles associated
LACA
Largest known protein in human muscles
residues (4200 kDa). Within the gene are found a large number of PEVK (proline-glutamate-valine-lysine -abundant structural motifs) exons 84 to 99 nucleotides
Titin
First codon of a messenger RNA translated by a ribosome
Blanquet, S. (1982). "Sequence of a 1.26-kb DNA fragment containing the structural gene for E.coli initiation factor IF3: Presence of an AUU initiator codon"
Start_codon
regulates the nitrogen content of a cell. It codes for the structural gene glnA the two regulatory genes glnL and glnG. glnA encodes glutamine synthetase, an
GlnALG_operon
American immunologist
infection and progression to AIDS by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
Mary_Carrington
Region of DNA equaling a gene as defined by complementation test
cistrons and genes, in this gene-centered view of evolution. Defining a Cistron as a segment of DNA coding for a polypeptide, the structural gene in a transcription
Cistron
Genomic alterations, varying between individuals
are the genes for olfactory receptors. This discovery revealed the role that inverted duplicates have in affecting the development of structural variants
Structural variation in the human genome
Structural_variation_in_the_human_genome
frequency Gene fusion Gene interaction Gene library Gene locus Gene map Gene mapping Gene markers Gene mutation Gene orders Gene pool Gene prediction Gene product
Index_of_genetics_articles
Group of methods in synthetic biology
Artificial gene synthesis, or simply gene synthesis, refers to a group of methods that are used in synthetic biology to construct and assemble genes from nucleotides
Artificial_gene_synthesis
A computational gene is a molecular automaton consisting of a structural part and a functional part; and its design is such that it might work in a cellular
Computational_gene
Species of fruit fly
Yim J (September 2006). "Identification and characteristics of the structural gene for the Drosophila eye colour mutant sepia, encoding PDA synthase,
Drosophila_melanogaster
Protein family
phospholipid precursors as well as growth phase. The regulation of the structural gene encoding 1L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase has also been analyzed
Inositol-3-phosphate_synthase
Study of the structure of every protein in a genome
determine protein structures. The gene sequence of the target protein can also be compared to a known sequence and structural information can then be inferred
Structural_genomics
HIV-1 regulating protein
incompletely spliced mRNAs. In the absence of Rev, mRNAs of the HIV-1 late (structural) genes are retained in the nucleus, preventing their translation. A novel
Rev_(HIV)
Structural fibrous protein
(/ˈkɛrətɪn/) is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails
Keratin
American biochemist (born 1945)
on a gene involved in thymidylate synthase in the bacteria Escherichia coli. and its T4 phage. She subsequently found a bacterial structural gene in this
Marlene_Belfort
Protein found in humans
controlling intestinal expression of the apolipoprotein B gene are distant from the structural gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (20): 11963–11970
Apolipoprotein_B
Branch of civil engineering dealing with man-made structures
Structural engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering in which structural engineers are trained to design the 'bones and joints' that create
Structural_engineering
protonated. MLEs can undergo mutations caused by a deletion of catB structural genes which can cause some bacteria to lose its functions such as the ability
Muconate_lactonizing_enzyme
Biological term
formation, immunomodulation, and transactivation of viral structural protein encoding genes. Viral nonstructural proteins interact with host cell proteins
Viral_protein
Filamentous bacteriophage
5 genes that are associated with phage assembly and morphogenisis (psh, cep, pIIICTX, ace, zot) and two non structural genes. The two non structural genes
CTXφ_bacteriophage
Conversion of a gene's sequence into a mature gene product or products
Gene expression is the process by which the information contained within a gene is used to produce a functional gene product, such as a protein or a functional
Gene_expression
Independent evolution of similar features
level of DNA and the amino acid sequences produced by translating structural genes into proteins. Studies have found convergence in amino acid sequences
Convergent_evolution
Family of glycoside hydrolase enzymes
galactosialidosis or Morquio B syndrome. In E. coli, the lacZ gene is the structural gene for β-galactosidase; which is present as part of the inducible
Β-Galactosidase
structural gene A gene that codes for any protein or RNA product other than a regulatory factor. Structural gene products include enzymes, structural
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans
number of copies individuals have of a particular gene, deletions, translocations and inversions. Structural variation refers to genetic variants that affect
Human_genome
Genus of viruses
other lentiviruses encode it. Structural proteins listed by size: Gp120 surface envelope protein SU, encoded by the viral gene env. 120000 Da (daltons). Gp41
Lentivirus
Species of virus
carries the structural gene for speA. In 1986, Johnson, Tomai and Schlievert mapped the attachment site (attP) for T12 adjacent to the speA gene, and established
Bacteriophage_T12
Pharmaceutical compound
Uchida T, Gill DM, Pappenheimer AM (September 1971). "Mutation in the structural gene for diphtheria toxin carried by temperate phage". Nature. 233 (35):
CRM197
Protein involved in the immune system
the four structural genes were located between HLA-B and HLA-D. More specifically, they verified the proposed molecular map in which the gene order went
Complement_component_4
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
determine genes that encode proteins, RNA genes, regulatory sequences, structural motifs, and repetitive sequences. A comparison of genes within a species
Bioinformatics
Species of virus
wilt virus Isolates Based on the Polymerase, Nucleocapsid, and Non-structural Genes". The Plant Pathology Journal. 34 (6): 514–531. doi:10.5423/PPJ.OA
Tomato_spotted_wilt_virus
American screenwriter and producer (1921–1991)
Eugene "Gene" Wesley Roddenberry Sr. (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer who created the science
Gene_Roddenberry
American neurologist and academic
(1993-10-22). "Abnormal Behavior Associated with a Point Mutation in the Structural Gene for Monoamine Oxidase A". Science. 262 (5133): 578–580. Bibcode:1993Sci
Xandra_Breakefield
Enzyme
Grzeschik KH, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW (August 1986). "The structural gene for the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase maps to human chromosome
ALDH2
Protein found in humans
Huotari M, Ganguly A, Prockop DJ, Tryggvason K (August 1989). "Structural organization of the gene for the alpha 1 chain of human type IV collagen". The Journal
Collagen,_type_IV,_alpha_1
Rusche, James R., Hauber, Joachim and Cullen, Bryan R. (1990) HIV-1 Structural Gene Expression Requires Binding of the Rev Trans-activator to its RNA Target
Bryan_R._Cullen
Type of common three-dimensional structure in chain-like biological molecules
encoded in any order within the underlying gene. In addition to secondary structural elements, protein structural motifs often include loops of variable length
Structural_motif
Three-stranded nucleic acid structure
Dugaiczyk A, Catterall JF, O'Malley BW (May 1978). "The ovalbumin gene: structural sequences in native chicken DNA are not contiguous". Proceedings of
R-loop
Technologies to genetically improve human bodies
1993). "Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A". Science. 262 (5133): 578–580. Bibcode:1993Sci
Human_genetic_enhancement
Breed of chicken
fowl are difficult to explain merely considering C locus only the structural gene of tyrosinase. This locus may provide broader regulatory function instead
Solid_white_(chicken_plumage)
from inosine monophosphate (IMP or inosinate). It consists of two structural genes guaB (encodes for IMP dehydrogenase or and guaA (encodes for GMP synthetase)
Gua_Operon
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
PMC 323291. PMID 3458198. Azoulay M, Henry I, Tata F, et al. (1987). "The structural gene for lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) maps to 16q22". Ann
Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase
Lecithin–cholesterol_acyltransferase
DNA virus
content of ~35%. Two structural genes are present: L1 and L2. The non structural genes are found on the opposite strand. The L1 gene encodes a protein with
Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus
Bandicoot_papillomatosis_carcinomatosis_virus
Set of biochemical processes
They are coded for by the genes AsnA and AsnB. AsnC is autogenously regulated, which is where the product of a structural gene regulates the expression
Amino_acid_synthesis
expression of SoxS protein, which in turn activates the transcription of structural genes of the SoxRS regulon. The transcriptional factor OxyR regulates the
Oxidation_response
Medical condition
CD19, CD29, or CD79a. The cells may also express many of the structural and non-structural gene abnormalities cited in the Pathophysiology section. By definition
Primary_effusion_lymphoma
Discipline in genetics
genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration. In contrast to genetics, which refers to the study of individual genes
Genomics
Overview of the genome of Apples
elements. The transcript levels of MdMYB1 and anthocyanin-related structural genes in the skins of Hanfu and Golden Delicious apples are significantly
Apple_genome
structure. They fulfill a wide variety of functions including providing structural stability to cells, catalyzing chemical reactions that produce or store
List_of_proteins
233(1) pp. 163–170 (1958). Khorana HG et al. "Total synthesis of the structural gene for the precursor of a tyrosine suppressor transfer RNA from Escherichia
History of polymerase chain reaction
History_of_polymerase_chain_reaction
Species of virus
(1990). "Visna virus encodes a post-transcriptional regulator of viral structural gene expression". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87 (19): 7497–7501. Bibcode:1990PNAS
Visna-maedi_virus
Enzyme
DeWitt JP, Katz L (May 1990). "Mutation and cloning of eryG, the structural gene for erythromycin O-methyltransferase from Saccharopolyspora erythraea
Erythromycin 3''-O-methyltransferase
Erythromycin_3''-O-methyltransferase
Enzyme
Fukushima J (December 1990). "Complete nucleotide sequence of the structural gene for alkaline proteinase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 3455". Infection
Serralysin
informationally irrelevant sequences could be introduced into pre-existing structural genes without deleterious effects." He stated "I would like to argue that
Split_gene_theory
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
membrane glycoprotein which in humans is encoded by the MPZ gene. P0 is a major structural component of the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system
Myelin_protein_zero
Realm of viruses
the ATPase and nuclease domains. Mirusviruses contain the hallmark structural genes of Duplodnaviria but also encode the replication and transcription
Duplodnaviria
Protein found in Homo sapiens
differentiation of epidermal cells. In humans, profilaggrin is encoded by the FLG gene, which is part of the S100 fused-type protein (SFTP) family within the epidermal
Filaggrin
Species of virus
particles. With regard to gene therapy, ITRs seem to be the only sequences required in cis next to the therapeutic gene: structural (cap) and packaging (rep)
Adeno-associated_virus
(December 1977). "Nucleotide sequence and amplification in bacteria of structural gene for rat growth hormone". Nature. 270 (5637): 486–494. Bibcode:1977Natur
Calf-intestinal alkaline phosphatase
Calf-intestinal_alkaline_phosphatase
Technology used to validate protein interactions
corresponding to an operator-proximal segment of the beta-galactosidase structural gene of Escherichia coli. J. Mol. Biol. 24, 339–343 (1967). Ullmann, A.
Bimolecular fluorescence complementation
Bimolecular_fluorescence_complementation
Polygenic phenotypic characteristic
determined by multiple genes. These genes are sought by studying small changes in the genes themselves and in neighboring genes, called single-nucleotide
Eye_color
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
the basis of a technology known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to edit genes within living organisms. This editing process has a wide variety of applications
CRISPR
Prohormone-processing protease
enzyme is encoded by the yeast gene KEX2, and usually referred to in the scientific community as Kex2p. It shares structural similarities with the bacterial
Kexin
Gene editing method
CRISPR gene editing (/ˈkrɪspər/; pronounced like "crisper"; an abbreviation for "clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats") is a genetic
CRISPR_gene_editing
γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) to succinate. The gab operon comprises three structural genes – gabD, gabT and gabP – that encode for a succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Gab_operon
Group of genes
Hox genes, a subset of homeobox genes, are a group of related genes that specify regions of the body plan of an embryo along the head-tail axis of animals
Hox_gene
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Loricrin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LOR gene. Loricrin is a major protein component of the cornified cell envelope found in terminally
Loricrin
STRUCTURAL GENE
STRUCTURAL GENE
Boy/Male
Indian
Solid structure
Girl/Female
Tamil
Shape, Structure
Boy/Male
Muslim
Solid structure
Female
Italian
Variant spelling of Italian Ginevra, probably GENEVRA means "race of women."
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, Gujarati, Indian, Muslim
Solid Structure; Lifetime
Female
French
French form of Celtic Genovefa, probably GENEVIÈVE means "race of women."
Female
English
 English form of French Geneviève, probably GENEVIEVE means "race of women."
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of Jewish Leykin (from Belarus), a metronymic from Leyke, a pet form of the Yiddish female personal name Leye, from the Hebrew female personal name Lea, from which English Leah is derived (see Genesis 29
Americanized spelling of Jewish Leykin (from Belarus), a metronymic from Leyke, a pet form of the Yiddish female personal name Leye, from the Hebrew female personal name Lea, from which English Leah is derived (see Genesis 29 : 16) + the Slavic possessive suffix -in.English : from a medieval personal name, a diminutive of Lawrence. Compare Law 1 and Larkin.
Girl/Female
Australian, Spanish
Generous
Female
Welsh
Medieval Welsh name, probably GENERYS means "white lady."Â
Girl/Female
Indian, Kashmiri
Body Structure
Girl/Female
Indian
Structure
Boy/Male
Spanish
Generous.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Shape, Structure
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a wattler, Middle English watelere, i.e. someone who made the panels of interwoven twigs that were used to fill the spaces between the structural timbers of a timber frame building. See also Dauber.
Girl/Female
Indian
Shape, Structure
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Telugu
The Structure of God
Girl/Female
Australian, French, Italian
Italian Form of Genevieve; White Wave; Of the Race of Women; Fair and Yielding; Juniper Tree
Girl/Female
Indian
Shape, Structure
Boy/Male
Indian
Good Structure
STRUCTURAL GENE
STRUCTURAL GENE
Girl/Female
Muslim
Wife of prophet (Pbuh) (A wife of the prophet (SAW))
Girl/Female
Gaelic
warrior.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
American, Australian
Chief
Female
Egyptian
, a Divine Spouse of Amen Ra.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Loving
Girl/Female
American, British, English, German
Little and Womanly; Feminine Variant of Charles
Boy/Male
German
Victorious ruler.
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
One who can Differentiate; Comely; One who Distinguishes Truth from Falsehood
STRUCTURAL GENE
STRUCTURAL GENE
STRUCTURAL GENE
STRUCTURAL GENE
STRUCTURAL GENE
a.
Comprising structural characters which are separated in more specialized forms; synthetic; as, a generalized type.
n.
That which is built; a building; esp., a building of some size or magnificence; an edifice.
n.
Manner of building; form; make; construction.
a.
A typical, structural unit; a type.
n.
Organic structure; organization.
n.
Framework; structure; edifice; building.
n.
Having the color spots, or structural parts, arranged spirally.
a.
Of or pertaining to organit structure; as, a structural element or cell; the structural peculiarities of an animal or a plant.
n.
The act of building; the practice of erecting buildings; construction.
a.
Resembling shale in structure.
v. t.
To determine the homologies or structural relations of.
n.
Arrangement of parts, of organs, or of constituent particles, in a substance or body; as, the structure of a rock or a mineral; the structure of a sentence.
a.
Being of the same typical structure; having like relations to a fundamental type to structure; as, those bones in the hand of man and the fore foot of a horse are homologous that correspond in their structural relations, that is, in their relations to the type structure of the fore limb in vertebrates.
a.
Pertaining to an edifice; structural.
n.
Union of parts; structure.
a.
Of or pertaining to structure; affecting structure; as, a structural error.
n.
Composition, or structure.
a.
Of lofty structure; tall.
a.
Having a definite organic structure; showing differentiation of parts.
n.
Manner of organization; the arrangement of the different tissues or parts of animal and vegetable organisms; as, organic structure, or the structure of animals and plants; cellular structure.