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Technology for telephone exchanges
Stored program control (SPC) is a telecommunications technology for telephone exchanges. Its characteristic is that the switching system is controlled
Stored_program_control
Type of computer
a barrier-grid electrostatic storage tube. Stored program control Allison, Joanne (1997), Stored-program Computers, archived from the original on 27
Stored-program_computer
Computer control of machine tools
of a sequential program of machine control instructions such as G-code and M-code, and then executed. The program can be written by a person or, far more
Computer_numerical_control
DMS-Global Services Platform DMS-MTX (Cellular MTSO) Stored Program (SP) (Electronic Stored Program Control using mini-bar switches) SP1 2-Wire (Local) The
List_of_telephone_switches
Telephone switch that interconnects telephone circuits
relay-operated metallic paths or crossbar switches operated by stored program control (SPC) systems. First announced in 1955, the first customer trial
Electronic_switching_system
Computer architecture where code and data share a common bus
such as discrete plugboard wiring or fixed control circuitry for instruction implementation. Stored-program computers were an advancement over the manually
Von_Neumann_architecture
CIA program involving illegal experimentation on human test subjects (1953–1973)
explore other possibilities of mind control. Subproject 54 was the Navy's top-secret "Perfect Concussion" program, which was supposed to use sub-aural
MKUltra
Computerized telephone switchboard
TSPS was deployed in Morristown, New Jersey in 1969 and used the Stored Program Control-1A CPU, "Piggyback" twistor memory (a proprietary technology developed
Traffic Service Position System
Traffic_Service_Position_System
Telecommunications switch by Northern Electric
was introduced in 1971. As indicated by the name "Stored Program", the SP-1 introduced computer control to the telephone switching market. (AT&T's #1ESS
SP-1_switch
Software type
board system, but rarely to that operating a computer network or Stored Program Control exchange. E-mail was introduced in the early 1960s as a way for
Communication_software
microcode" — rather than storing the microcode in ROM or hard-wired logic, the microcode is stored in a RAM called a writable control store or WCS. Such a computer
Control_store
Programmable digital computer used to control machinery
time, otherwise unintended operation may result. Programs to control machine operation are typically stored in battery-backed-up or non-volatile memory. The
Programmable_logic_controller
Operating system of the IBM System/38
computers prior to the System/38, and most modern ones, data stored on disk was stored in separate logical files. When data was added to a file it was
Control_Program_Facility
Programmable machine that processes data
instructions (program) stored on tape, allowing the machine to be programmable. The fundamental concept of Turing's design is the stored program, where all
Computer
Defunct telecommunications node in the United States; part of the Bell System
One Electronic Switching System (1ESS) was the first large-scale stored program control (SPC) telephone exchange or electronic switching system in the Bell
Number One Electronic Switching System
Number_One_Electronic_Switching_System
Component of Microsoft Windows and Windows Server
Add or Remove Programs and Internet Options. Physically, these applets are stored as .cpl files so that they can be shown on the Control Panel. For example
Control_Panel_(Windows)
to monitor the line. Stored program control exchanges finally solved the problem, by setting a bit mask in the scanning program and running a low priority
Permanent_signal
American worldwide manufacturing company
Pentaconta crossbar switch and (1970s) Metaconta D, L, and 10c Stored Program Control exchanges, mostly for sale to their respective national telephone
ITT_Inc.
Telephone dialing procedure
proliferation of electronic switching systems that were based on stored program control (SPC), which reduced the need for electromechanical extensions of
Ten-digit_dialing
Process of starting a computer
take weeks to program, and program loading was one of many problems that had to be solved. An early computer, ENIAC, had no program stored in memory but
Booting
Telephone service in some countries
This service became commonplace in the 1970s with the spread of Stored Program Control exchanges capable of implementing the required databases. It remains
Speed_calling
American mathematician, software engineer, and inventor (born 1926)
greatly reducing the overloading problem. The system became known as stored program control. Hoover's thinking about the invention happened while she was in
Erna_Schneider_Hoover
(including all stored program control systems) are common control systems. Common control is also known as indirect control or register control. Early semi-mechanical
Common_control
Telephone address signaling protocol
later version (7A2) of the rotary system, and the earlier 1970s stored program control exchanges. In some telephones, the pulses may be heard in the receiver
Pulse_dialing
Rodent infestation control
has maintained an essentially rat-free status through a rigorous rat control program. Alberta is bounded by the Rocky Mountains to the west, boreal forest
Rat_control_in_Alberta
Topics referred to by the same term
see IBM SAN Volume Controller Stored program control, a machine control principle that uses a computer to store programs and data Storm Prediction Center
SPC
Electromagnetic switching device
or the later remreed (remanent reed relay). In the Bell System Stored Program Control exchange systems of the 1970s, reed relays were no longer needed
Reed_relay
Series of telephone exchange systems released by IBM
developed an electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange: the first stored-program-controlled PABX to be marketed and installed worldwide. The product family
IBM 1750, 2750 and 3750 Switching Systems
IBM_1750,_2750_and_3750_Switching_Systems
First electronic stored-program computer, 1948
the Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM), was the first electronic stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic
Manchester_Baby
Subroutine available to applications that access relational database management systems
are stored in the database data dictionary. Uses for stored procedures include data-validation (integrated into the database) or access-control mechanisms
Stored_procedure
Central computer component that executes instructions
so-called "von Neumann" memo expounded the idea of stored programs, which for example may be stored on punched cards, paper tape, or magnetic tape. Some
Central_processing_unit
switches were replaced in the 1970s by the 1ESS switch generation with stored program control. Director telephone system W.J. Lacerte, Field Tests of the Crossbar
Number One Crossbar Switching System
Number_One_Crossbar_Switching_System
Type of computer program
options can also be a portable application. Portable applications can be stored on any data storage device, including internal mass storage, a file share
Portable_application
Managing versions of source code or data
revision control is known as a "working copy". As a simple example, when editing a computer file, the data stored in memory by the editing program is the
Version_control
Low-level computer software
firmware stored in ROM requires physically replacing the memory chip – although some chips are not designed to be removed after manufacture. Programmable firmware
Firmware
Data structure used in computer programs
and inline blocks of a computer program. This type of stack is also known as an execution stack, program stack, control stack, run-time stack, or machine
Call_stack
Remembered information in a computer system
sequential logic, information from past inputs is stored in electronic memory elements, such as flip-flops. The stored contents of these memory elements, at a given
State_(computer_science)
Theorem about a certain class of control-flow graphs
In programming language theory, the structured program theorem, generally called the Böhm–Jacopini theorem, states that a class of control-flow graphs
Structured_program_theorem
sometimes referred to as special purpose computers, but lacking stored program control, they were not computers according to the understanding of the middle
Marker_(telecommunications)
Computer programming concept
used to denote a data structure storing information about an exceptional condition. One mechanism to transfer control, or raise an exception, is known
Exception handling (programming)
Exception_handling_(programming)
Guidance and navigation computer used in Apollo spacecraft
TC (transfer control) An unconditional branch to the address specified by the instruction. The return address was automatically stored in the Q register
Apollo_Guidance_Computer
Data that causes a computer to follow indicated instructions
executable file, executable program, and executable image describe forms in which the information is represented and stored. A native executable is machine
Executable
Line printer, part of the IBM 1130 computer system
Forms skipping under program control through automatic, paper-tape-controlled carriage. Printer operation under stored-program control through automatic
IBM_1132
Optical digital memory device
flying-spot store was an optical digital memory used in early stored program control components of electronic switching systems. The flying-spot store used a
Flying-spot_store
Instructions directly executable by a computer
encoded and structured to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU) via its programmable interface. A computer program consists primarily of sequences
Machine_code
Distributed version control software system
server. A repository is stored on each computer in a standard directory with additional, hidden files to provide version control capabilities. Git provides
Git
Instructions a computer can execute
are stored. The other region is called the block started by segment, where variables declared without default values are stored. Variables stored in the
Computer_program
American telecommunications and audio manufacturer
reed-switch with a matrix similar to the AE EAX. The ESC, was not however Stored Program Control and had more in common with crossbar switching than other SPC electronic
Stromberg-Carlson
Commodity cheese controlled by American government
since 2018. Much government cheese was stored in "Missouri cheese caves", underground warehouses for storing and aging cheese in and around the Midwestern
Government_cheese
Term in computer security
redirecting the flow of execution (the control flow) of a program. A computer program commonly changes its control flow to make decisions and use different
Control-flow_integrity
versatility of 5XB, Centrex was invented as a service package. Later stored program control exchanges allowed more extensive service features. Autovon originally
Number Five Crossbar Switching System
Number_Five_Crossbar_Switching_System
Process to create executable computer programs
604, were programmed by control panels in a similar way, as were the first electronic computers. However, with the concept of the stored-program computer
Computer_programming
19th century proposed mechanical computer
be stored in the form of pegs inserted into rotating drums called "barrels", to carry out some of the more complex instructions the user's program might
Analytical_engine
machines. Stored-program computers, by contrast, were designed to store a set of instructions (a program), in memory – typically the same memory as stored data
History_of_computing_hardware
Layer of hardware-level instructions or data structures
is the code stored in the memory containing the microcode or the storage device from which the microcode is loaded into the control store. This makes
Microcode
the exchange switch itself was replaced by more advanced systems. Stored program control exchanges, having computers anyway, do not need separate AMA equipment
Automatic_message_accounting
Programming language learning environment
project including sounds (stored as .wav) and images (stored as .png). Each filetype, excluding the project.json, is stored as a number, starting at 0
Scratch (programming language)
Scratch_(programming_language)
General-purpose programming language
important functions of a programming language is to provide facilities for managing memory and the objects that are stored in memory. C provides three
C_(programming_language)
Database for Microsoft Windows
Furthermore, strongly typed data can be stored in the registry, as opposed to the text information stored in .INI files. This is a benefit when editing
Windows_Registry
Attitude control device
Since the total angular momentum to be stored had only three degrees of freedom, while the control program could change six independent variables (the
Control_moment_gyroscope
Records were kept as pencil notations in ledger books or index cards. Stored program control exchanges in the 1970s had teleprinter channels for entering and
Recent change memory administration center
Recent_change_memory_administration_center
Form of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices
devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device. Read-only memory is useful for storing software that
Read-only_memory
Type of programming paradigm in computer science
are stored. The other region is called the block started by segment, where variables declared without default values are stored. Variables stored in the
Imperative_programming
control or power from one source to another by having a "make" contact operate before the corresponding "break" contact does. For the stored program control
Wire_spring_relay
Computer-based technologies
recognizably modern electronic digital stored-program computer was the Manchester Baby, which ran its first program on 21 June 1948. The development of transistors
Information_technology
Research and scientific development company
Labs-developed thick film hybrid and transistor–transistor logic (TTL), stored program-controlled switching systems; 1A/#4 TOLL Electronic Switching Systems (ESS)
Bell_Labs
First computer to use magnetic disk storage
sell a product with more storage. Programming the 305 involved not only writing machine language instructions to be stored on the drum memory, but also almost
IBM_305_RAMAC
US not-for-profit corporation
Staten Island. Stored vaccines in food refrigerators and alongside animal remains: Auditors found vaccines and employee lunches stored together at the
Animal_Care_Centers_of_NYC
Software responsible for starting the computer
random-access memory (RAM). The computer first executes a relatively small program stored in the boot ROM, which is read-only memory (ROM, and later EEPROM, NOR
Bootloader
Common-channel signaling replaced senders after the development of stored program control (SPC). A secondary meaning within the UK broadcast engineering community
Sender_(telephony)
Version control system for source code
text, a control record is inserted surrounding the change. The control records are stored in the body along with the original text records. SCCS provides
Source_Code_Control_System
Programming language close to hardware
[vague][citation needed] These languages provide the programmer with full control over program memory and the underlying machine code instructions. Because of the
Low-level programming language
Low-level_programming_language
Concurrency control method commonly used by database management systems
concurrent access to the database and in programming languages to implement transactional memory. Without concurrency control, if someone is reading from a database
Multiversion concurrency control
Multiversion_concurrency_control
Feature to notify telephone user of waiting voicemail
indicator (VMWI). A VMWI, as defined in Telcordia GR-1401-CORE, is a stored program controlled switching (SPCS) system feature that activates and deactivates
Message-waiting_indicator
computer-based control system and language designed specifically for use with Unimation Inc. industrial robots. The VAL robot language is permanently stored as a
Variable_Assembly_Language
Connection between computers or programs
Moreover, the overall program flow of control can be out of the control of the caller and in the framework's hands by inversion of control or a similar mechanism
API
British computer scientist (1913–2010)
the earliest stored-program computers, and who invented microprogramming, a method for using stored-program logic to operate the control unit of a central
Maurice_Wilkes
Abstract data type
is not manipulated directly by the programmer. Some programming languages use the stack to store data that is local to a procedure. Space for local data
Stack_(abstract_data_type)
Pioneering telex exchanges
pioneered the introduction of digital equipment and the deployment of Stored Program Controlled (SPC) Exchanges, gradually replacing the former electromechanical
T200 telex and data switching system
T200_telex_and_data_switching_system
Programming language family
contrast to most other major programming languages, Lisp allows implementing control structures using the language. Several control structures are implemented
Lisp_(programming_language)
Spaceflight in NASA's Gemini program
the ground that the Agena's attitude control system was malfunctioning and might not have the correct program stored in it. This suspicion was found to
Gemini_8
Concept in computer security
mechanisms aim to maintain the control-flow integrity of the protected program by detecting attacks that tamper the stored return address by an attacker
Shadow_stack
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created in 1974
CP/M
1961–1966 US human spaceflight program
program. The Titan II debuted in 1962 as the Air Force's second-generation ICBM to replace the Atlas. By using hypergolic fuels, it could be stored longer
Project_Gemini
Information relative to U.S. National Security
classification level. The federal government requires the SCI be processed, stored, used or discussed in a sensitive compartmented information facility (SCIF)
Sensitive compartmented information
Sensitive_compartmented_information
with telephone networks. With the huge development of computers, stored program control of network nodes and computer communication, the traditional teletraffic
International Teletraffic Congress
International_Teletraffic_Congress
Standard directory in Microsoft Windows
typically stored in the 'Common Files' directory. In a standard Windows installation, the 'Program Files' directory will be at %SystemDrive%\Program Files
Program_Files
Web page delivered to web browser as-is
stationary page, is a web page that is delivered to a web browser exactly as stored, in contrast to dynamic web pages which are generated by a web application
Static_web_page
Any computer program for end-user use
used in daily tasks. An application (app, application program, software application) is any program that can be categorized as application software. Application
Application_software
Political scandals over anomalous flood control project
Ribbon Committee, described the ₱545.6 billion (US$11.08 billion) flood control program as "a grand robbery," claiming that kickbacks and commissions as high
Flood control projects scandal in the Philippines
Flood_control_projects_scandal_in_the_Philippines
Early German computer
Rechenanlage München, lit. 'Munich Programmable (Program Controlled) Electronic Computing System') is a stored-program-controlled electronic computer, built in
PERM_(computer)
Named container for a particular type of data
often remain fixed, the data stored in the location may be changed during program execution. In imperative programming languages, values can generally
Variable (high-level programming language)
Variable_(high-level_programming_language)
Television term
black-and-white display, and would locally store programming information for around one week in time. A remote control was used to interact with the unit. When
Electronic_program_guide
Programming language for experimentation or art
line like conventional programming languages. Conventional imperative programming languages typically allow data to be stored in variables, but esoteric
Esoteric_programming_language
information is stored in the thread control block highlighting important information about each process. Parallel Thread Execution Process control block (PCB)
Thread_control_block
Computer security vulnerability
Those statistics were stored in a file called "(SYSX)STAT", in the directory "SYSX". To make this possible, the compiler program was given permission to
Confused_deputy_problem
Mass surveillance program run by the NSA
from various U.S. internet companies. The program is also known by the SIGAD US-984XN. PRISM collects stored internet communications based on demands made
PRISM
1943–1973 military research program
(stored at Edgewood Arsenal, 1951–1957), wheat stem rust spores (stored at the same facility 1962–1969), and the causative agent of rice blast (stored
United States biological weapons program
United_States_biological_weapons_program
Software development collaboration platform
to create, store, manage, and share their code. It uses Git to provide distributed version control and GitHub itself provides access control, bug tracking
GitHub
List of permissions for a system resource
rights to specific system objects such as programs, processes, or files. These entries are known as access-control entries (ACEs) in the Microsoft Windows
Access-control_list
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from an agent derivative of Middle English stor ‘provisions’, ‘supplies’, hence an occupational name for an official in charge of dispensing provisions in a great house or monastery, or who collected rents paid in kind. The word stor was also used in the Middle Ages for livestock, and the surname may sometimes have denoted a keeper of animals.South German : from a Bavarian dialect word, storer, denoting an unskilled workman, i.e. someone who was not a member of a craft guild.
Male
German
Frisian form of Old High German Siegward, SJOERD means "victory guard."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Old Norse storð ‘brushwood’ or ‘young plantation’. There is a place so named in Cumbria (formerly in Lancashire), as well as a High Storrs in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, both named from this word.
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : variant spelling of Pilgrim.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Prowess
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Middle English score ‘steep place’ (Old English scoru), or a habitational name from Score in Ilfracombe or Scur Farm in Braunton, Devon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on an island lying close to shore, from Middle English schore ‘shore’ + eye ‘island’.
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Cambridgeshire)
English (mainly Cambridgeshire) : variant of Pilgrim.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Way. Program.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Shore 1 and 2.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
The Highest Point; Summit
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Start
Surname or Lastname
English (southern)
English (southern) : habitational name from places in Gloucestershire and Middlesex, so named from Old English strÅd ‘marshy ground overgrown with brushwood’. Strood in Kent is named with the same word, and some examples of the surname are no doubt derived from this term in independent use.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name for someone from any of the numerous places called Stoke.Dutch : occupational name for a stoker, Middle Dutch stokere, or from the same word in the sense ‘fire raiser’, ‘arsonist’.Scottish : occupational name for a trumpeter, Gaelic stocaire, an agent derivative of stoc ‘Gaelic trumpet’. The name is borne by a sept of the McFarlanes.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Way; Program
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Stanney in Cheshire, named with Old English stÄn ‘stone’, ‘rock’ + Ä“g ‘island’.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, English
Tempestuous; Stormy Weather; Violent Weather
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Way; Program; Road; Path
Boy/Male
Hindu
Female
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, STORMY means "stormy."
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
Boy/Male
Australian, Danish, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Scandinavian, Swedish
Stone; A Rock; Form of Peter; Rock
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Ilsley.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, Greek
Vigilant Son; Son of Greg; Surname
Girl/Female
Tamil
The name of a flower
Girl/Female
Greek
Bee. Famous bearer: Melissa, Mythological princess of Crete transformed to a bee after learning...
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Murugan
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Lucky; Fortunate; Feminine of Bakhit
Boy/Male
American, British, English
From the Linden Tree Dell
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Bliss of Soul
Girl/Female
Australian, Hebrew
Ewe
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
STORED PROGRAM-CONTROL
a.
Having a spire; being in the form of a spire; as, a spired steeple.
v. t.
To deposit in a store, warehouse, or other building, for preservation; to warehouse; as, to store goods.
Compar.
Having the mind filled with ideas; stocked with knowledge; stored with information.
imp. & p. p.
of Store
a.
Collected or accumulated as a reserve supply; as, stored electricity.
a.
Relating to religion, or to the services of religion; not secular; religious; as, sacred history.
a.
Having (such or so many) stories; -- chiefly in composition; as, a two-storied house.
n.
One who lays up or forms a store.
a.
Stored or furnished with wine.
a.
Set apart by solemn religious ceremony; especially, in a good sense, made holy; set apart to religious use; consecrated; not profane or common; as, a sacred place; a sacred day; sacred service.
v. t.
To store again; as, the goods taken out were re-stored.
v. t.
Articles, especially of food, accumulated for some specific object; supplies, as of provisions, arms, ammunition, and the like; as, the stores of an army, of a ship, of a family.
pl.
of Programma
n.
Same as Programme.
n.
A receptacle in which anything is stored, especially military stores, as ammunition, arms, provisions, etc.
n.
One who snores.
n.
See Programme.
n.
One who, or that which, shores or props; a prop; a shore.
n.
Alt. of Grogran
n.
One who, or that which, scores.