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Research and scientific development company
Nokia Bell Labs, commonly referred to as Bell Labs, is an American industrial research and development company owned by the Finnish technology company
Bell_Labs
Research distributed operating system
Plan 9 from Bell Labs is an operating system designed by the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s, built on the UNIX
Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs
Mixed-use commercial complex in Holmdel, New Jersey
The Bell Labs Holmdel Complex (later known as Bell Works) is a development in Holmdel Township, Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. It functioned
Bell_Labs_Holmdel_Complex
1892 music hall song by Harry Dacre
socialite". BBC. 22 May 2009. "Bell Labs: Background: Bell Labs Text-to-Speech Synthesis: Then and Now". www.bell-labs.com. Archived from the original
Daisy_Bell
Academic journal
The Bell Labs Technical Journal was the in-house scientific journal for scientists of Bell Labs, published yearly by the IEEE society. The journal was
Bell_Labs_Technical_Journal
successfully demonstrated on December 23, 1947, at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. Bell Labs was the research arm of American Telephone and
History_of_the_transistor
Research and development division of AT&T
the name Bell Labs and AT&T adopted the name AT&T Laboratories for its R&D organization. AT&T Labs also traces its origin to Southwestern Bell Technology
AT&T_Labs
The American research and development (R&D) company Bell Labs is known for its many alumni who have won various awards, including the Nobel Prize and
List_of_Bell_Labs_alumni
1970s experimental musical synthesizer
The Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer, better known as the Alles Machine or Alice, was an experimental additive synthesizer designed by Hal Alles at Bell Labs
Bell_Labs_Digital_Synthesizer
The Young Turks were a group of leading scientists who worked at Bell Labs, who were insatiably curious about the science behind communications. Many
Young_Turks_(Bell_Labs)
American computer scientist known for Unix (born 1943)
1943) is an American pioneer of computer science. Thompson worked at Bell Labs for most of his career where he designed and implemented the original
Ken_Thompson
American mathematician (1922–2017)
Kappa after studying mathematics. She worked as a numerical analyst at Bell Labs, where as a computer she supported work on microwaves, and then on radar
Betty_Shannon
American computer scientist and educator (born 1960)
bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Virginia Tech. While working for Bell Telephone Laboratories he contributed to the design of the Bellmac 32, an
Bill_Dally
American choreographer (born 1941)
artists) worked with Bell Labs computer experts in collaborative performances that led to 9 Evenings: Theatre and Engineering. This Bell Lab collaboration also
Deborah_Hay
Distributed operating system
Inferno is a MIT Licensed distributed operating system started in 1995 at Bell Labs, which is now held by Vita Nuova Holdings and maintained by Terzarima
Inferno_(operating_system)
American inventor (1907–2003)
element germanium, which was then believed to be useless. Teal joined Bell Labs in 1930 and would remain employed there for 22 years. During his time
Gordon_Kidd_Teal
Parser generator
replacement. In the early 1970s, Stephen C. Johnson, a computer scientist at Bell Labs / AT&T, developed Yacc because he wanted to insert an exclusive or operator
Yacc
American physicist (1908–1991)
Princeton University. After serving in World War II, he was a researcher at Bell Labs and a professor at the University of Illinois. The transistor revolutionized
John_Bardeen
Patterns used in computer programming
The glob() function and the underlying gmatch() function originated at Bell Labs in the early 1970s alongside the original AT&T UNIX itself and had a formative
Glob_(programming)
Finnish multinational corporation
mapping division and the acquisition of Alcatel-Lucent, including its Bell Labs research organization. The company also experimented with virtual reality
Nokia
American computer scientist known for Unix (1941–2011)
Bronxville, New York. His father was Alistair E. Ritchie, a longtime Bell Labs scientist and co-author of The Design of Switching Circuits on switching
Dennis_Ritchie
French global telecommunications equipment company
Lucent was a successor of AT&T's Western Electric and a holding company of Bell Labs. In 2014, the Alcatel-Lucent group split into two: Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise
Alcatel-Lucent
American computer scientist (1931–1989)
and they had two children, Michael and Catherine. McMahon worked for Bell Labs from 1963 up until his death in 1989. He worked initially as a Linguistics
Lee_E._McMahon
American mathematician (1916–2001)
at Bell Labs; and another at AT&T Shannon Labs. The statue in Gaylord is located in the Claude Shannon Memorial Park. After the breakup of the Bell System
Claude_Shannon
American nanoscientist
Director of the Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS) at Harvard University. At Bell Labs, Wilson collaborated with 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry awardees, Louis
William L. Wilson (nanoscientist)
William_L._Wilson_(nanoscientist)
1982 US government action ending telephone monopoly
which was largely designed at the research and development subsidiary Bell Labs. As a result, AT&T had substantial control over the United States' communications
Breakup_of_the_Bell_System
Family of computer operating systems
started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others. Initially intended for use inside the Bell System, AT&T licensed
Unix
American telecommunications company (1996-2006)
cards included the strapline 'Bell Labs Innovations' in a bid to retain the prestige of the internationally famous research lab, within a new business under
Lucent_Technologies
American engineer and inventor
over IP (VoIP) related inventions. Croak worked for three decades at Bell Labs and AT&T where she filed over 200 patents, and has worked at Google since
Marian_Croak
Non-fiction book by Jon Gertner
Idea Factory: Bell Labs and the Great Age of American Innovation is a 2012 book by Jon Gertner that describes the history of Bell Labs, the research and
The_Idea_Factory
American mathematician and information theorist (1915–1998)
widely used within the Bell Labs, and also by external users, who knew it as Bell 2. It was superseded by Fortran when the Bell Labs' IBM 650 were replaced
Richard_Hamming
Bell Labs, Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng proposed a silicon MOS transistor in 1959 at Bell Labs. 1960: A working MOSFET is built by a team at Bell Labs
Timeline_of_the_telephone
Bourne shell backward compatible Unix shell created by David Korn
KornShell (ksh) is a Unix shell which was developed by David Korn at Bell Labs in the early 1980s and announced at USENIX on July 14, 1983. The initial
KornShell
Discontinued Plan 9 web browser
a library to parse HTML, were written at Bell Labs as the backend for a new web browser. After the Bell Labs project stalled, Aki Nyrhinen wrote a simple
Abaco_(web_browser)
American electrical and aerospace engineer
work all day at Bell Labs. In 1946 a colleague at the Labs: Milton Boone - a professor from Ohio State University on leave at Bell Labs during the war
George_Mueller_(engineer)
officially Unics and then Unix, the prototypic operating system created in Bell Labs in 1969 that formed the basis for the Unix family of operating systems)
List_of_operating_systems
Procedural programming language
B is a programming language developed at Bell Labs circa 1969 by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. B was designed for recursive, non-numeric, machine-independent
B_(programming_language)
French computer scientist (born 1960)
LeNet convolutional neural networks for optical character recognition at Bell Labs. He is one of the main creators of the DjVu image compression technology
Yann_LeCun
Text-string-oriented programming language
natural languages. The original implementation was on an IBM 7090 at Bell Labs, Holmdel, N.J. SNOBOL4 was specifically designed for portability; the
SNOBOL
1971, an assembler invoked as as was available for Unix. Implemented by Bell Labs staff, it was based upon the Digital Equipment Corporation's PAL-11R assembler
As_(Unix)
Scientific misconduct scandal
response, Lucent Technologies (which managed Bell Labs) soon began a formal investigation. During May 2002, Bell Labs established a five-person committee to
Schön_scandal
Software that translates code from one programming language to another
Bob Morris from Bell Labs. EPL supported the project until a boot-strapping compiler for the full PL/I could be developed. Bell Labs left the Multics
Compiler
Typesetting language
is the major component of a document processing system developed by Bell Labs for the Unix operating system. troff and the related nroff were both developed
Troff
Programming language
implementation Squeak). It was developed by Luca Cardelli and Rob Pike at Bell Labs in the first half of the 1980s as a language for implementing graphical
Newsqueak
Industrial shift to information technology
today. In 1957, at Bell Labs, Frosch and Derick were able to manufacture planar silicon dioxide transistors, later a team at Bell Labs demonstrated a working
Information_Age
Discontinued UNIX variant
announced System III in late 1981, and it was first released outside of Bell Labs in 1982. UNIX System III was a mix of various AT&T Unix systems: Version
UNIX_System_III
Software build automation tool
similar makefile syntax and semantics. Stuart Feldman created Make while at Bell Labs. An early version was completed in April 1976. Feldman received the 2003
Make_(software)
back to the mid-1960s, when the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bell Labs, and General Electric were jointly developing an experimental time-sharing
History_of_Unix
Commercial modem
available in 1959, shortly after AT&T's Bell Labs announced their 110 baud modulation frequencies. The Bell 101 allowed digital data to be transmitted
Bell_101
American telephone service monopoly (1877–1984)
fraction of their revenues as a license fee to Bell Labs. As a result of this vertical monopoly, the Bell System effectively owned most telephone service
Bell_System
Populated place in Union County, New Jersey, US
location of Bell Labs, having moved there in 1941 from nearby New York City. The first working transistor was demonstrated in Bell Labs' Murray Hill
Murray_Hill,_New_Jersey
American physicist (1910–1989)
was an American physicist. He was the manager of a research group at Bell Labs that included John Bardeen and Walter Brattain. The three scientists were
William_Shockley
Command in several OSes to terminate a process
with the process identifier "42": Singularity>kill 42 Under Plan 9 from Bell Labs, the kill program does not actually perform this termination, nor does
Kill_(command)
Type of field-effect transistor
(MOSFET) was invented in 1959 by engineers Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs. Their breakthrough—fabricating a practical field-effect transistor enabled
MOSFET
First transistorized computer in the USA
US, completed in 1954. The computer was built by Jean Howard Felker of Bell Labs for the United States Air Force while L.C. Brown ("Charlie Brown") was
TRADIC
Artificial production of human speech
most prominent in the history of Bell Labs. Kelly's voice recorder synthesizer (vocoder) recreated the song "Daisy Bell", with musical accompaniment from
Speech_synthesis
Command-line interpreter for operating systems
Bourne shell initially started in 1976. Developed by Stephen Bourne at Bell Labs, it was a replacement for the Thompson shell, whose executable file had
Bourne_shell
Anti-ballistic missile system
p. 160. Bell Labs 1975, p. I-43. Bell Labs 1975, p. 1-45. Bell Labs 1975, p. 1–46. Bell Labs 1975, p. I-45. Bell Labs 1975, p. 8–1. Bell Labs 1975, p
Nike-X
American inventor of the digital computer
Stibitz (April 30, 1904 – January 31, 1995) was an American researcher at Bell Labs who is internationally recognized as one of the fathers of the modern
George_Stibitz
Space Odyssey character
Retrieved 30 May 2019. "Background: Bell Labs Text-to-Speech Synthesis: Then and Now Bell Labs and 'Talking Machines'". Bell Labs. Archived from the original
HAL_9000
Humorous aphorism in computer programming
accounts for the other 90 percent of the development time. — Tom Cargill, Bell Labs This adds up to 180%, making a wry allusion to the notoriety of software
Ninety–ninety_rule
Material of moderate electrical conductivity
applications, but an effective application of the available theory. At Bell Labs, William Shockley and A. Holden started investigating solid-state amplifiers
Semiconductor
One of the inventors of the mobile phone (1915–2008)
of the Bell Labs engineers that invented the cell phone. The history of cellular phone technology began on December 11, 1947 with a Bell Labs internal
W._Rae_Young
Unix operating system
began as an improved derivative of AT&T's original Unix developed at Bell Labs. Bill Joy and Ozalp Babaoglu led early development. The BSD project received
Berkeley Software Distribution
Berkeley_Software_Distribution
Indian-American structural biologist
moved to Bell Labs in New Jersey, first as a postdoctoral researcher and later in a permanent position in polymer chemistry. He remained at Bell Labs for almost
Dinshaw_Patel
Programming language
write applications for the Inferno operating system. It was designed at Bell Labs by Sean Dorward, Phil Winterbottom, and Rob Pike. The Limbo compiler generates
Limbo_(programming_language)
Text typesetting markup software
roff printed the man pages for Versions 1 to 3 of Unix, and when the Bell Labs patent department began using it, it became the first Unix application
Roff_(software)
Type of anti-ballistic missile
missile warheads before they could hit their targets. It was designed by Bell Labs' Nike team, and was initially based on the earlier Nike Hercules anti-aircraft
Nike_Zeus
voice- and data communication.) In the United States, engineers from Bell Labs began work on a system to allow mobile users to place and receive telephone
History_of_mobile_phones
Hill in New Jersey, United States
The hill is best known as the site of a Bell Telephone Laboratories facility that was an annex to the Bell Labs Holmdel Complex located three miles away
Crawford_Hill
Form of inter-process communication in computer systems
interrupt, suspend, terminate or kill a process. Signals originated in 1970s Bell Labs Unix and were later specified in the POSIX standard. When a signal is
Signal_(IPC)
Businessman
Marcus Weldon (born 25 July 1968) was the 13th president of Bell Labs. He also served as the Corporate Chief Technology Officer of Nokia. Weldon won a
Marcus_Weldon
wirephoto used by Western Union, and the teleostereograph developed by AT&T's Bell Labs, which were forerunners of today's fax (facsimile) machines. Such early
History_of_videotelephony
Bet sizing formula for long-term growth
expected geometric growth rate. John Larry Kelly Jr., a researcher at Bell Labs, described the criterion in 1956. The practical use of the formula has
Kelly_criterion
Early electromechanical general purpose computer
15–16). "The relay computers at Bell Labs : those were the machines, part 2". Datamation. The relay computers at Bell Labs : those were the machines, parts
Model_V
American period comedy-drama television series
tenured mathematics professor at Columbia University and a researcher at Bell Labs. He leaves academia to return to his social activist roots and later becomes
The_Marvelous_Mrs._Maisel
Keypad that appears on some telephones
directorship of John Karlin at the Human Factors Engineering Department of Bell Labs. The modern keypad is laid out in a rectangular array of twelve push buttons
Telephone_keypad
House organ publication of Bell System
successor title was Record—AT&T Bell Laboratories. TWX magazine Bell Labs Technical Journal "Bell Laboratories Record" (PDF). Bell Laboratories Record. 1 (1):
Bell_Laboratories_Record
Voice encryption, transformation, and synthesis device
voice transformation. The vocoder was invented in 1937 by Homer Dudley at Bell Labs as a means of synthesizing human speech. This work was developed into
Vocoder
Topics referred to by the same term
Laboratories, founded 1925 as part of Bell Labs and AT&T Corp., later spun off and now absorbed into AT&T Labs AT&T Communications (formerly AT&T Long
AT&T_(disambiguation)
Mechanism for inter-process communication using message passing
pipelines was championed by Douglas McIlroy at Unix's ancestral home of Bell Labs, during the development of Unix, shaping its toolbox philosophy. It is
Pipeline_(Unix)
Proposed US Army anti-ballistic missile system
34. Bell Labs 1975, p. 5–20. Bell Labs 1975, p. 7-1. Bell Labs 1975, p. 3–10. Bell Labs 1975, pp. I-36–I-37. Bell Labs 1975, p. I-40. Bell Labs 1975
Sentinel_program
Videophone model
Picturephone is considered a commercial failure. In the United States, AT&T's Bell Labs conducted extensive research and development of videophones, eventually
Picturephone
American television series (2022–present)
included the John Deere World Headquarters in Moline, Illinois, and the Bell Labs Holmdel Complex in New Jersey (the latter which served as both the exterior
Severance_(TV_series)
Superconducting circuit element
they were weakly separated. In 1963, Phillip Anderson and John Rowell at Bell Labs constructed the first Josephson junction, using tin-oxide-lead junctions
Josephson_junction
American physicist
Margaret MacVicar and Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson. She worked summer jobs at Bell Labs, Argonne National Laboratory and as a tutor for Massachusetts Institute
Deborah_Jackson
Indian computer scientist
is an Indian computer scientist retired from executive roles at Bell Labs and Avaya Labs. He also serves as a member of the National Science Foundation's
Ravi_Sethi
American electrical engineer
for Amphenol, invented the C connector and teamed up with Paul Neill of Bell Labs to invent the TNC connector. RF connector "FamilySearch.org". Retrieved
Carl_Concelman
Book by Brian Kernighan and Rob Pike
Prentice Hall, is a book written by Brian W. Kernighan and Rob Pike, both of Bell Labs and considered an important and early document of the Unix operating system
The Unix Programming Environment
The_Unix_Programming_Environment
Greek-American computer scientist (born 1934)
1975. In 1980, he joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, as a Member of Technical Staff. While at Bell Labs, in 1982, he was appointed
Theodosios_Pavlidis
Anglo-American artist and composer
against big oil advertisements. Wolfe was selected to reboot the historic Bell Labs program Experiments in Art and Technology which began with John Cage and
Beatie_Wolfe
United States Space Force phased-array radar system
Bell Labs 1975, p. I-33. WSEG 1959, p. 11. Bell Labs 1975, p. I-35. Bell Labs 1975, p. 2-3. Bell Labs 1975, p. I-38. Bell Labs 1975, p. 8-1. Bell Labs
AN/FPQ-16_PARCS
Tool to flag poor computer code
static program analysis. Stephen C. Johnson, a computer scientist at Bell Labs, came up with the term "lint" in 1978 while debugging the yacc grammar
Lint_(software)
American technology executive (born 1943)
March 1, 1943) is an American technology executive. Amelio worked at Bell Labs, Fairchild Semiconductor, and the semiconductor division of Rockwell International
Gil_Amelio
Telecommunications research company
many years the SPD was used as Bell Canada's R&D arm, although as before, most telephony designs were created at Bell Labs in the US. In 1949, the United
Bell-Northern_Research
American inventor
in Montana – September 8, 2000 in Red Bank, New Jersey) was one of the Bell Labs engineers that invented the cell phone. The history of cellular phone
Douglas_H._Ring
American semiconductor scientist (1917 to 1982)
1917 – October 22, 1982) was an inventor and materials scientist with Bell Labs. Pfann is known for his development of zone melting which is essential
William_Gardner_Pfann
General-purpose programming language
was initially developed as a successor to the B programming language at Bell Labs by Ritchie between 1972 and 1973. Its initial purpose was to construct
C_(programming_language)
Inventor of the operational amplifier
1941 when working at Bell Labs. US 2401779, Karl D. Swartzel Jr., "Summing amplifier", published 11 June 1941, assigned to Bell Telephone Labor Inc.
Karl_D._Swartzel_Jr.
Programmable machine that processes data
Bardeen and Walter Brattain, while working under William Shockley at Bell Labs, built the first working transistor, the point-contact transistor, in
Computer
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