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Multi-winner electoral system
The single transferable vote (STV) or proportional-ranked choice voting (P-RCV), also known as PR-STV and "proportional representation by means of the
Single_transferable_vote
How choices are tallied under multi-winner ranked-choice voting
The single transferable vote (STV) is a proportional representation system and also a ranked vote system that elects multiple winners. Under STV, an elector's
Counting single transferable votes
Counting_single_transferable_votes
Multi-winner, semi-proportional electoral system
Single non-transferable vote (SNTV) is a multi-winner electoral system in which each voter casts a single vote. Like first-past-the-post voting, SNTV
Single_non-transferable_vote
Single-winner ranked-choice electoral system
representation (single transferable vote), but instant-runoff voting is a non-proportional single-winner election method, while single transferable vote elects
Instant-runoff_voting
Voting system that makes outcomes proportional to vote totals
representation with the single transferable vote", and finally, by the start of the 20th century, to "the single transferable vote" or sometimes "proportional
Proportional_representation
complications and issues surrounding the application and use of single transferable vote proportional representation that form the basis of discussions
Issues affecting the single transferable vote
Issues_affecting_the_single_transferable_vote
Single-winner ranked-voting electoral system
contingent vote, other ranked-vote systems – such as single transferable voting (STV), instant-runoff voting (IRV), Coombs' method, and Baldwin's method – allow
Contingent_vote
Voting systems that use ranked ballots
satisfying various voting groups and adherence to mathematical rules. In instant-runoff voting (IRV) and the single transferable vote system (STV), lower
Ranked_voting
Version of the single transferable vote system
Indirect single transferable voting or Gove system is a version of single transferable vote (STV), where the vote transfer is determined by the candidate's
Indirect single transferable voting
Indirect_single_transferable_voting
Non-proportional electoral system
non-transferable vote, and block plurality voting, is a type of block voting method for multi-winner elections. Each voter may cast as many votes as the
Plurality_block_voting
Choosing a candidate other than preferred to undercut a less desired one
opportunities for strategic voting, as can small electoral districts (e.g. those used most often with the single transferable vote). Proportional representation
Strategic_voting
Plurality voting system
voting – Non-proportional electoral system Single non-transferable vote – Multi-winner, semi-proportional electoral system Single transferable vote –
First-past-the-post_voting
Vote supporting only a single candidate
united majority voting for all other candidates. Single transferable vote removes the incentive for sincere strategic bullet voting, since lower rankings
Bullet_voting
Election result affecting losing candidate
occur in some methods of proportional representation, such as the single transferable vote (STV or RCV-PR) and the largest remainders method of party-list
Spoiler_effect
Type of electoral system
topics Instant-runoff voting Approval Voting Score voting Single non-transferable vote Single transferable vote Runoff voting Mudambi, Navarra & Nicosia
Plurality_voting
Voting method in mixed-member systems
A mixed single vote (MSV) is a type of ballot in mixed-member electoral systems, where voters cast a single vote in an election, which is used both for
Mixed_single_vote
prefer if New Zealand were to change voting system: first past the post, preferential voting, single transferable vote, or supplementary member. The official
2011 New Zealand voting system referendum
2011_New_Zealand_voting_system_referendum
Electoral system used in some cities and states
of voting systems where voters rank candidates. In the US, the specific system is most often instant-runoff voting (IRV) or single transferable vote (STV)
Ranked-choice voting in the United States
Ranked-choice_voting_in_the_United_States
55) is called single transferable vote. All public elections in the Republic of Ireland are described as using the single transferable vote, or "proportional
History and use of instant-runoff voting
History_and_use_of_instant-runoff_voting
Partially compensatory electoral system
vote linkage is an equivalent of the indirect single transferable vote among multi-tiered electoral systems (except for the mixed ballot transferable
Vote_linkage
Method by which voters make a choice between options
that single non-transferable voting or limited voting is, thus it is often called semi-proportional. Approval voting is a choose-all-you-like voting system
Electoral_system
Electoral system thresholds
the spare vote: Single transferable vote (and its single winner version instant-runoff voting also called the alternative vote), contingent vote, and supplementary
Spare_vote
Historically, the single transferable vote (STV) electoral system has seen a series of relatively modest periods of usage and disusage at various locations
History and use of the single transferable vote
History_and_use_of_the_single_transferable_vote
Type of cast ballot in ranked voting
not implement mitigations. Two Australian jurisdictions use the single transferable vote, also known as the Hare–Clark proportional representation system:
Donkey_vote
Document used to cast votes in an election
from a South Australian Legislative Council election using the single transferable vote, common in Australian upper houses. Voters rank candidates using
Ballot
Proportional-representation voting system
Hare–Clark is a type of single transferable vote electoral system of proportional representation used for elections in Tasmania and the Australian Capital
Hare–Clark_electoral_system
British advocacy group for electoral reform
seeks to replace first-past-the-post voting with proportional representation, advocating the single transferable vote, and an elected upper house of Parliament
Electoral_Reform_Society
Number of votes a candidate needs to win
competing for a lesser number of seats. The common quotas used in single transferable voting elections (Hare and Droop) are such that no more can achieve quota
Electoral_quota
Above/below the line voting STV MMP Multiple states ban ranked-choice voting for local elections, which prevents the use of single transferable vote (STV), but
Proportional representation in the United States
Proportional_representation_in_the_United_States
Method of voting
The mixed ballot transferable vote (MBTV) refers to a type of vote linkage-based mixed-member electoral system where a group of members are elected on
Mixed ballot transferable vote
Mixed_ballot_transferable_vote
Upper house of the Parliament of Australia
Indian Ocean Territories). Senators are popularly elected under the single transferable vote system of proportional representation in state-wide and territory-wide
Australian_Senate
Multiple-winner electoral system
more posts, this system is called the single non-transferable vote or sometimes the strictly limited vote. The town of Voterville makes up an electoral district
Limited_voting
Scottish unitary authority council in Argyll and Bute, Scotland
representative members make up the council, elected, since 2007, by single transferable vote and, before that, by the first-past-the-post system. The council
Argyll_and_Bute_Council
Family of electoral systems
single transferable vote and winner-take-all systems. Examples of semi-proportional systems include the single non-transferable vote, limited voting, and
Semi-proportional representation
Semi-proportional_representation
Multiple-winner electoral system
difference. Proportional approval voting Satisfaction approval voting Reweighted range voting Approval voting Single transferable vote Sainte-Laguë method D'Hondt
Sequential proportional approval voting
Sequential_proportional_approval_voting
Proportional-representation voting system
results to single transferable vote or the quota Borda system, where voters organize themselves into solid coalitions. The single transferable vote or the
Largest_remainder_method
Democratic Socialists of America governing body
whom themselves are elected by their chapters' members using the single transferable vote. Fourteen of the committee seats are reserved for members who are
National_Political_Committee
Electoral or law making voting system
Manitoba when it changed from a mixed system of single transferable voting and instant-runoff voting to a purely first past the post system in 1955, instituted
Weighted_voting
representatives from a multimember constituency. Unlike single transferable voting (STV), preferential block voting is not a method for obtaining proportional representation
Block_preferential_voting
Electoral pathology or paradox
score). Negative responsiveness occurs in instant-runoff voting (IRV), the single transferable vote, and the two-round system. Some quota-based apportionment
Non-negative_responsiveness
Federal legislature of Australia
two self-governing territories. Senators are elected using the single transferable vote and, as a result, the chamber features a multitude of parties vying
Parliament_of_Australia
Point-based ranked voting system
respect, it is similar to other ranked voting systems such as instant-runoff voting, the single transferable vote or Condorcet methods. The integer-valued
Borda_count
Comparative politics for electoral systems
first-past-the-post voting in 1917 Alberta general election to five-member plurality block voting in 1921 Alberta general election, to five-member single transferable voting
Comparison of electoral systems
Comparison_of_electoral_systems
Strategic voting system
(such as those often used together with the single transferable vote). In this system, voters were asked to vote for a party candidate based on items such
Vote_management
Form of voting that allows delegation
often vote proxies on behalf of their client accounts. A related topic is liquid democracy, a family of electoral systems where votes are transferable and
Proxy_voting
Method for allocating seats in parliaments
for parties. Votes for parties below the electoral threshold are transferred to other candidates according to the single transferable voting method. This
D'Hondt_method
lower house, the House of Representatives; and the use of the single transferable vote proportional representation system to elect the upper house, the
Electoral_system_of_Australia
Upper house of Federal Parliament of Nepal
minority seat. The three open and three female seats are filled by single transferable vote, the two other seats by FPTP. The election is conducted by the
National_Assembly_(Nepal)
Multiple-winner electoral system
Cumulative voting (sometimes called the single divisible vote) is an election system where a voter casts multiple votes but can lump votes on a specific
Cumulative_voting
Method to make collective decisions
voting, Single non-transferable voting and Single transferable voting); as many as are being elected in a multiple-member district (multiple voting as
Voting
and the NT respectively are elected by an optional preferential single transferable vote system. State senators serve staggered fixed six year terms, with
Politics_of_Australia
Canadian hybrid proportional electoral system
proportional voting system in a 2018 referendum in the province. This version of rural–urban proportional would have used single transferable vote (STV) in
Rural–urban proportional representation
Rural–urban_proportional_representation
Scottish unitary authority council in Highland, Scotland
multi-member wards and single transferable vote elections in 2007. The 1995 election created a council of 72 members, each elected from a single-member ward by
Highland_Council
Unitary authority council in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Since 2007 elections have been held every five years under the single transferable vote system, introduced by the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
Aberdeenshire_Council
Individual voter's first choice
systems such as first preference plurality, ranked-choice voting (RCV), and the single transferable vote, first preferences for a candidate are considered most
First-preference_vote
Municipal election in Alberta, Canada
the at-large Block Voting system until 1928. Voters in this election voted to replace the system with Single transferable voting (STV), a form of Proportional
1922 Edmonton municipal election
1922_Edmonton_municipal_election
Council area of Scotland
Since 2007 elections have been held every five years under the single transferable vote system, introduced by the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
East_Dunbartonshire
Mixed electoral system
Under the most common form of parallel voting, a portion of seats in the legislature are filled by the single-member first-preference plurality method
Parallel_voting
Election of South Australia's 57th parliament
compulsory voting, with full-preference instant-runoff voting for single-member electorates in the lower house, and optional preference single transferable voting
2030 South Australian state election
2030_South_Australian_state_election
Result of election after distribution of preferences
Hare–Clark single transferable vote system. Aside from Tasmania, TPP/TCP is not used in any other upper houses in Australia, with most using the single transferable
Two-party-preferred_vote
Unitary authority in South Ayrshire, Scotland
wards, each with three of four directly elected councillors by the single transferable vote system, which creates a form of proportional representation. The
South_Ayrshire_Council
Votes that do not impact an election
the overall popular vote. In list PR systems, this relationship is established based on party votes. In single transferable voting, most winners in each
Wasted_vote
combination of single transferable vote (STV) and instant-runoff voting (IRV) for nearly four decades. Alberta's first election was fought in 25 single-member
List of Alberta general elections
List_of_Alberta_general_elections
Way to distribute seats in a legislative body
replacing it with a single statewide constituency electing 37 members via optional preferential voting. This created a one-vote, one-value system. The
Apportionment_(politics)
Mixed electoral system with compensation
to adopt mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) or the single transferable vote (STV) had been defeated in a number of Canadian provinces (see
Dual-member mixed proportional
Dual-member_mixed_proportional
Unitary authority in Renfrewshire, Scotland
Since 2007 elections have been held every five years under the single transferable vote system, introduced by the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
Renfrewshire_Council
Grouping of candidates for election
Replacement lists are sometimes used to fill casual vacancies in single transferable vote electoral systems. An example is European Parliament elections
Electoral_list
Constitutional legislative body in Malta
are returned from each of thirteen electoral districts using the single transferable vote electoral system, but additional members are elected in cases of
Parliament_of_Malta
Invalid ballot that is not counted
errors. Group voting tickets were introduced in Australia owing to the high number of informal votes cast in single transferable vote (STV) elections
Spoilt_vote
Voting system
ranked-choice voting and is used in a growing number of states and localities. In Ireland it is known as the single transferable vote (STV) and is used
Two-round_system
Local authority for West Lothian, Scotland
Since 2007 elections have been held every five years under the single transferable vote system, introduced by the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
West_Lothian_Council
Single-winner electoral system
Approval voting is a single-winner rated voting system where voters approve of any number of candidates named on a ballot, and the candidate with the most
Approval_voting
Lower house of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament)
years, on the system of proportional representation using the single transferable vote (PR-STV). Its powers are similar to those of lower houses under
Dáil_Éireann
Multiple-winner electoral system
approval voting is a semi-proportional voting system, making it similar to single non-transferable vote (semi-proportional plurality) and cumulative voting. In
Satisfaction_approval_voting
Upper house of the Parliament of Pakistan
membership of 96, provincial legislatures elect 23 each using single transferable vote; while four represent the federal capital. Members, referred to
Senate_of_Pakistan
Principle that voting for a candidate should help them
the Droop quota (including all current implementations of the single transferable vote) allow for no-show paradoxes. Hamilton's method exhibits a milder
Participation_criterion
Votes required to win a seat in proportional systems
votes, their vote tally would not exceed any of those with Droop quota. The following election has 3 seats to be filled by single transferable vote.
Droop_quota
Illegal interference with the process of an election
Preferential voting systems such as score voting and single transferable vote, and in some cases, instant-runoff voting, can reduce the impact of systemic electoral
Electoral_fraud
Election to fill a vacant political office
vote has to be held (as in 2003). In multi-member district systems that do not employ party lists – single transferable vote, single non-transferable
By-election
Combination of direct and representative democracy
concept such that individuals, for example through the single transferable vote, can revise their vote at any time by modifying their registered delegation
Liquid_democracy
Type of preferential voting system
candidates are allowed. In a transferable-vote system like the single transferable vote (STV) or instant runoff voting (IRV), a ballot is initially allocated
Optional_preferential_voting
Referendum on electoral reform in 2009
legislators: the existing first-past-the-post electoral system or the BC single transferable vote electoral system (BC-STV) proposed by the British Columbia Citizen's
2009 British Columbia electoral reform referendum
2009_British_Columbia_electoral_reform_referendum
Vote share required for representation
percentage of votes (e.g. 5%), either nationally or in a particular electoral district, to obtain seats in the legislature. In single transferable voting, the
Electoral_threshold
City in Ohio, US
votes and permitting minorities to win their share of seats." Hamilton was one of several major Ohio cities that adopted the single transferable vote
Hamilton,_Ohio
Type of multi-winner plurality/majority electoral system
where the voting system allows for the selection of multiple winners at once. Block voting falls under the multiple non-transferable vote category, a
Block_voting
Property of electoral systems
Plurality voting Instant-runoff voting Borda count Approval Voting Coombs' rule Bucklin voting (and the closely related median voting) Score Voting With plurality
Condorcet_winner
Filling vacancies by electing runners-up
Countries often attempt to use countbacks with instant-runoff voting or single transferable vote, which often causes major problems and complications, because
Countback
Scottish unitary authority council in North Lanarkshire, Scotland
Since 2007 elections have been held every five years under the single transferable vote system, introduced by the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
North_Lanarkshire_Council
Correction method used in some voting systems
and single transferable voting, where votes for eliminated candidates (and in the case of STV, surplus votes of elected candidates) are transferred to
Compensation (electoral systems)
Compensation_(electoral_systems)
Formula in proportional-representation voting
did not prevent fair voting. The vote transfer ensured that the voting block that preferred Andrea and Chris did not suffer from vote splitting. If two candidates
Imperiali_quota
Council area of Scotland
Since 2007 elections have been held every five years under the single transferable vote system, introduced by the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
Falkirk_(council_area)
Mixed electoral system formerly used in Italy
sometimes referred to as a negative vote transfer system (NVT), whereby a portion of members are elected in single-member districts (SMDs) and a portion
Scorporo
Local authority for Dublin city in Ireland
council in Ireland. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the honorific title of Lord Mayor
Dublin_City_Council
under a proportional ranked-choice voting system (single transferable voting) as opposed to a first-past-the-post voting system with a primary. It was held
2024 Portland, Oregon, City Council election
2024_Portland,_Oregon,_City_Council_election
Family of voting systems
respective parties, as in Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands (mixed single vote or panachage). In most party list systems, a voter will only support
Party-list proportional representation
Party-list_proportional_representation
Spoiler effect in RCV and two-round systems
Retrieved 9 February 2024. Doron, Gideon; Kronick, Richard (1977). "Single Transferrable Vote: An Example of a Perverse Social Choice Function". American Journal
Center_squeeze
Single-winner rated voting system
Score voting, sometimes called range voting, is an electoral system for single-seat elections. Voters give each candidate a numerical score, and the candidate
Score_voting
Columbians voted in favour of the Single Transferable Vote system. However the government required a vote of 60% to pass the change, and the vote result was
Elections_in_Canada
Proposed voting system in British Columbia
2004 for use in British Columbia, and belongs to the single transferable vote family of voting systems. BC-STV was supported by a majority (57.7 percent)
BC-STV
Constituencies used in elections to Dáil Éireann
on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV), to a maximum term of five years. The configuration of
Dáil_constituencies
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SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Mingy (see Mingee).German : from a pet form of the personal name Meinhardt.German : altered form of French Munier ‘miller’.Norwegian : habitational name from a farm name in Østfold, of obscure etymology.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived in a place cleared of woods by fire, from Middle English sengle ‘burnt clearing’.German : from a pet form of a short form of a Germanic person name formed with sing ‘sing’ as the first element.
Surname or Lastname
Jewish (Ashkenazic)
Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name for a cantor in a synagogue, from Yiddish zinger ‘singer’.English : variant of Sanger 2, in fact a Middle English recoinage from the verb sing(en) ‘to sing’.German : variant of Sänger (see Sanger 1) in the sense of ‘poet’.Isaac Merrit Singer, inventor of the eponymous sewing machine, was born in 1811 in Pittstown, NY, the son of German immigrant Adam Reisinger. He had five wives and fathered 24 children. Singer, who incorporated his company as the Singer Manufacturing Company in 1864, left a fortune worth $13 million to his various heirs.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Ingle.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a worker in the linen or hemp industry, from Middle English swingle ‘swingle’, a wooden implement used for beating flax or hemp (Middle Dutch swinghel, from the verb ‘to swing’).Possibly an Americanized spelling of German Zwingel, a topographic name from Middle High German zwingel ‘citadel’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for someone who laid wooden tiles (shingles) on roofs, from an agent derivative of Middle English schingle ‘shingle’.
Boy/Male
Indian
Single
Male
Norwegian
Norwegian form of Old Norse Sindri, possibly SINDRE means "sparkling."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name from an agent derivative of Middle English tingle (see Tingle).German : occupational or status name for a medieval judge or court official, from Old High German ding ‘legal proceeding’.German : variant of Tengler.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English sengler, syngler ‘singular’ (Old French se(i)ngler), perhaps a nickname for a solitary person.German : topographic name for a valley dweller, from a diminutive of Middle High German senke ‘valley’ + the suffix -er, denoting an inhabitant.German : habitational name for someone from Singeln near Waldshut.German : variant of Sing 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone living in a small wooded dell or hollow, Middle English dingle (of uncertain origin). There is a district of Liverpool called Dingle.South German : nickname or status name for a smallholder, from Middle High German dingelīn ‘smallholding’.Americanized spelling of the old Prussian name Dingel or Dyngele, possibly from Germanic thing ‘legal assembly’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Northamptonshire named Dingley, possibly from Middle English dingle ‘hollow’ + Old English lēah ‘woodland clearing’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from either of two Old Norse personal names: Ingjaldr, in which the prefix in- probably reinforces the element -gjaldr, related to Old Norse gjalda ‘to pay or recompense’, or Ingólfr ‘Ing’s wolf’ (Ing was an ancient Germanic fertility god).English : habitational name from Ingol in Lancashire, which is named from the Old English personal name Inga + holh ‘hollow’, ‘depression’.Probably a variant of German Ingel, from a short form of any of several Germanic personal names formed with Ing- (see 1 above).An early bearer, Richard Ingle (1609–c. 1653), was a rebel and a pirate who first came to the colonies in 1631 or 1632 as a tobacco merchant. He is known to have practiced piracy in MD.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old English personal name Hringwulf.German : from a short form of a Germanic personal name based on hring ‘ring’.German : metonymic occupational name for a ring maker (see Ringler).German : altered spelling of Ringel, an Old Prussian personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Bingley in West Yorkshire, recorded in Domesday Book as Bingelei, from the Old English personal name Bynna (or alternatively Old English bing ‘hollow’) + -inga ‘of the people of’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’.
Surname or Lastname
English (West Midlands)
English (West Midlands) : occupational name for a worker in the linen or hemp industry, from an agent derivative of Middle English swingle ‘swingle’ (see Swingle).
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Single
Surname or Lastname
English
English : perhaps a metonymic occupational name for a spindle maker, from Middle English spindle, spindel (Old English spinel).Americanized spelling of German and Jewish Spindel.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a maker of nails or pins, or nickname for a small, thin man, from Middle English tingle, a kind of very small nail (of North German origin).
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
SINGLE TRANSFERABLE-VOTE
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