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German-American philosopher (1891–1970)
Paul Rudolf Carnap (/ˈkɑːrnæp/; German: [ˈkaʁnaːp]; 18 May 1891 – 14 September 1970) was a German philosopher and logician who was active in Europe before
Rudolf_Carnap
Austrian mathematician, physicist and philosopher (1896–1959)
with a circle including Schlick, almost always Waismann, sometimes Rudolf Carnap, and sometimes Herbert Feigl and his future wife Maria Kesper. But it
Friedrich_Waismann
1924–1936 group of philosophers and scientists
Schlick and Hahn arranged to bring Rudolf Carnap to the University of Vienna as a Privatdozent (private lecturer). Carnap's Logical Structure of the World
Vienna_Circle
German philosopher (1891–1953)
Grelling all became members of the Berlin Circle. In 1930, Reichenbach and Rudolf Carnap became editors of the journal Erkenntnis. He also made lasting contributions
Hans_Reichenbach
Austrian economist, philosopher and sociologist (1882–1945)
attended the 1924 World Esperanto Congress in Vienna, where he met Rudolf Carnap for the first time. In 1927 he became Secretary of the Ernst Mach Society
Otto_Neurath
Movement in Western philosophy
Rudolf Carnap in 1929 summarised the Vienna Circle's positions. Schlick had originally held a neo-Kantian position, but later converted, via Carnap's
Logical_positivism
Construct in the philosophy of science
introduced by the logical empiricist philosopher Rudolf Carnap. However, they should not be confused with Carnap sentences, which are neutral on whether there
Ramsey_sentence
Semantic distinction in philosophy
Mauro Murzi (April 12, 2001). "Rudolf Carnap: §3. Analytic and Synthetic". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Rudolf Carnap (1988) [1947]. Meaning and Necessity:
Analytic–synthetic distinction
Analytic–synthetic_distinction
Philosophical doctrine
Around Moritz Schlick in Vienna, philosophers and scientists such as Rudolf Carnap, Hans Hahn, Philipp Frank and Otto Neurath sought to develop a "scientific
Verificationism
Austrian philosopher and logician (1889–1951)
Retrieved 16 February 2025. Rudolf Carnap (1963). "Autobiography". In P.A. Schilpp (ed.). The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap. The Library of Living Philosophers
Ludwig_Wittgenstein
German philosopher and physicist (1883–1936)
mathematician Hans Hahn and, within a few years, they were joined by Rudolf Carnap, Herbert Feigl, Kurt Gödel, Otto Neurath, Friedrich Waismann, and others
Moritz_Schlick
American philosopher of science (born 1947)
for his work on the logical empiricism and philosophy of language of Rudolf Carnap and Willard Van Orman Quine. He has been credited with introducing "conceptual
Richard_Creath
Mathematician and philosopher (1906–1978)
participated in the Vienna Circle with Moritz Schlick, Hans Hahn, and Rudolf Carnap. Gödel then studied number theory, but when he took part in a seminar
Kurt_Gödel
1947 book by Rudolf Carnap
book about semantics and modal logic by the philosopher Rudolf Carnap. The book, in which Carnap discusses the nature of linguistic expressions, was a continuation
Meaning_and_Necessity
1921 philosophical work by Ludwig Wittgenstein
influential among the logical positivists of the Vienna Circle, such as Rudolf Carnap and Friedrich Waismann. It also influenced Bertrand Russell's article
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Tractatus_Logico-Philosophicus
Text for clarification; one of four rhetorical modes
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Description
German writer and philosopher (1905–1997)
participated in a congress on scientific philosophy in 1929 where he met Rudolf Carnap and became involved in the Berlin Circle of philosophers associated
Carl_Gustav_Hempel
German philosopher
entitled him to teach some courses (one of his doctoral students was Rudolf Carnap, who later became a central figure of the Vienna Circle). Bauch completed
Bruno_Bauch
Process of drawing out the meaning of something
by Rudolf Carnap. Explication can be regarded as a scientific process which transforms and replaces "an inexact prescientific concept" (which Carnap calls
Explication
Finnish and American philosopher and logician (1929–2015)
Peirce, advanced by Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell, and continued by Rudolf Carnap, Willard Van Orman Quine, and by Hintikka's teacher Georg Henrik von
Jaakko_Hintikka
Field of analytic philosophy
have and use. The most standard reference in the literature is to Rudolf Carnap's notion of explication as a precursory method of conceptual engineering
Conceptual_engineering
American philosopher and logician (1908–2000)
(including Rudolf Carnap), as well as the logical positivist A. J. Ayer. It was in Prague that Quine developed a passion for philosophy, thanks to Carnap, whom
Willard_Van_Orman_Quine
Theory of science, reconstructing empirical theories
independently held by Henri Poincaré (1902), Bertrand Russell (1927), and Rudolf Carnap (1928), was resurrected by John Worrall (1989), who proposes that there
Structuralism (philosophy of science)
Structuralism_(philosophy_of_science)
20th-century tradition of Western philosophy
figures include Franz Brentano, the logical positivists (especially Rudolf Carnap), and the ordinary language philosophers. Wilfrid Sellars, W. V. O.
Analytic_philosophy
extensional sentence. Rudolf Carnap (in his earlier work) and Willard Van Orman Quine were prominent proponents of this view. Carnap's thesis of extensionality
Extensionalism
Branch of philosophy
While most philosophers, including Gottlob Frege, Alfred Tarski and Rudolf Carnap, have been more or less skeptical about formalizing natural languages
Philosophy_of_language
Analytical philosophical view expounded by Bertrand Russell
Vienna Circle were also influenced by logical atomism (particularly Rudolf Carnap, who was deeply sympathetic to some of its philosophical aims, especially
Logical_atomism
American philosopher
September 20, 1985) was an American philosopher of science. Along with Rudolf Carnap, Hans Reichenbach, and Carl Hempel, he is sometimes seen as one of the
Ernest_Nagel
Mapping between categories
were borrowed by mathematicians from the philosophers Aristotle and Rudolf Carnap, respectively. The latter used functor in a linguistic context; see
Functor
Archive of Rudolf Carnap in Pittsburgh
Rudolf Carnap Papers are a large collection of documents and photographs that record much of the life and career of German philosopher Rudolf Carnap.
Carnap_Papers
English philosopher (1919–2006)
Vol. 35, 1961) "Carnap's Views on Constructed Systems v. Natural Languages in Analytical Philosophy" in The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap, ed. P.A. Schilpp
P._F._Strawson
English mathematician and philosopher (1861–1947)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Alfred_North_Whitehead
English philosopher (1911–1960)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
J._L._Austin
Early-20th-century development in Western philosophy
Postanalytic philosophy Friends G. E. M. Anscombe R. B. Braithwaite Rudolf Carnap Paul Engelmann John Maynard Keynes Peter Geach Norman Malcolm G. E.
Linguistic_turn
Syntactically well-formed, semantically incongruous phrase
not empirically verifiable) statements are simply meaningless; e.g. Rudolf Carnap wrote an article in which he argued that almost every sentence from
Colorless green ideas sleep furiously
Colorless_green_ideas_sleep_furiously
German philosopher, logician, and mathematician (1848–1925)
logical ideas nevertheless spread through the writings of his student Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970) and other admirers, particularly Bertrand Russell and Ludwig
Gottlob_Frege
View that science is the best/only truth
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Scientism
American philosopher (1931–2007)
quest for apodicticity and finality that Edmund Husserl shared with Rudolf Carnap and Bertrand Russell, and by finding new reasons for thinking that such
Richard_Rorty
Austrian mathematician (1879–1934)
Philosophy of science Philosophy of language Key figures Moritz Schlick Rudolf Carnap Otto Neurath Hans Hahn Philipp Frank Friedrich Waismann Kurt Grelling
Hans_Hahn_(mathematician)
American philosopher and logician
a graduate student. He was the last doctoral student supervised by Rudolf Carnap, receiving his PhD in 1964 with a thesis entitled Foundations of Intensional
David_Kaplan_(philosopher)
Linguistic quality
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Performativity
American philosopher (1935–2017)
doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674594722. ISBN 978-0-674-59472-2. Fodor 1981 Carnap, Rudolf (1947). Meaning and Necessity. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Jerry_Fodor
Literal meaning of an expression
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Denotation
Concept in ontology
parts: trivial internal questions and meaningless external questions. Rudolf Carnap introduced the idea of a 'linguistic framework' or a 'form of language'
Internal–external_distinction
Australian philosopher and cognitive scientist (born 1966)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
David_Chalmers
Philosophical view explaining systems in terms of smaller parts
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Reductionism
Idea that knowledge comes only/mainly from sensory experience
Moritz Schlick and the rest of the Vienna Circle, along with A. J. Ayer, Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach. The neopositivists subscribed to a notion of philosophy
Empiricism
Austrian philosopher of science (1924–1994)
offer from Cornell University. In California, he met and befriended Rudolf Carnap, whom he described as a "wonderful person, gentle, understanding, not
Paul_Feyerabend
American philosopher and theologian (born 1949)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
William_Lane_Craig
English philosopher (1910–1989)
Philosophy of science Philosophy of language Key figures Moritz Schlick Rudolf Carnap Otto Neurath Hans Hahn Philipp Frank Friedrich Waismann Kurt Grelling
A._J._Ayer
British philosopher (1942–2017)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Derek_Parfit
American philosopher (1941–2001)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
David_Lewis_(philosopher)
Area of philosophy
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Postanalytic_philosophy
American philosopher (1942–2024)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Daniel_Dennett
View that philosophical problems are distortions of natural language
epistemological problems. Gottlob Frege, the Vienna Circle (especially Rudolf Carnap), the young Wittgenstein, and W. V. O. Quine all attempted to improve
Ordinary_language_philosophy
British analytic philosopher (1919–2001)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
G._E._M._Anscombe
Austrian-American physicist, mathematician and philosopher
ISBN 978-1-78873-255-0. In addition to Neurath, many of its important members like Rudolf Carnap, Hans Hahn, and Philip Frank had socialist convictions and conceived
Philipp_Frank
Late 20th and 21st century philosophical movement
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Pittsburgh_school
Series of monographs published from 1938 to 1969
Rudolf Carnap, and Charles Morris Foundations of the Theory of Signs (FUS I-2) Charles Morris Foundations of Logic and Mathematics (FUS I-3) Rudolf Carnap
International Encyclopedia of Unified Science
International_Encyclopedia_of_Unified_Science
American philosopher (1921–2002)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
John_Rawls
Philosophical tradition
logical positivism and pragmatism in the works of Charles W. Morris and Rudolf Carnap. The influence of pragmatism on these writers is mostly limited to the
Pragmatism
American philosopher and theologian (born 1932)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Alvin_Plantinga
Normative ethical theories
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Virtue_ethics
English philosopher (1920–2010)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Philippa_Foot
Polish–American mathematician (1901–1983)
Press. ISBN 978-0-521-80240-6. OCLC 54691904. Frost-Arnold, Greg (2013). Carnap, Tarski, and Quine at Harvard: Conversations on Logic, Mathematics, and
Alfred_Tarski
Philosophical view that there is more than one correct logic
Perhaps most famous of these early models is found in the work of Rudolf Carnap. Newfound interest in logical pluralism was sparked by the work of philosophers
Logical_pluralism
Phenomenon whereby language is used to discuss possible situations
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Modality_(semantics)
American philosopher (born 1937)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Thomas_Nagel
Canadian philosopher (1936–2023)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Ian_Hacking
American philosopher (1922–1996)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Thomas_Kuhn
Public university in Freiburg, Germany
of Freiburg has been associated with figures such as Hannah Arendt, Rudolf Carnap, David Daube, Johann Eck, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Friedrich Hayek, Martin
University_of_Freiburg
American philosopher (1912–1989)
several theories at once, especially C. I. Lewis' Kantian pragmatism and Rudolf Carnap's positivism. He draws out "The Myth of Jones" to defend the possibility
Wilfrid_Sellars
American philosopher and logician (1940–2022)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Saul_Kripke
Former city in eastern Rhineland, Germany
Brökelschen (1879–1976), politician (CDU) Max Bockmühl (1882–1949), chemist Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970), member of the Vienna Circle of positivists Bernhard Letterhaus
Barmen
English philosopher (1873–1958)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
G._E._Moore
Model of hyperbolic geometry
factual, especially in the influential philosophical discussions of Rudolf Carnap and of Hans Reichenbach. Hyperbolic straight lines or geodesics consist
Poincaré_disk_model
Specialty in philosophy, focused on German language origin
synthetic truth. The Vienna Circle was led by Moritz Schlick, and included Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970), Philipp Frank, Hans Hahn (1879–1934), and Otto Neurath
German_philosophy
English philosopher (1929–2003)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Bernard_Williams
American philosopher (1932–2025)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
John_Searle
English philosopher and logician (1872–1970)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Bertrand_Russell
Distinction in the philosophy of language
up with different candidates for its role. Accounts based on the work of Carnap and Church treat sense as an intension, or a function from possible worlds
Sense_and_reference
Austrian–British philosopher of science (1902–1994)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Karl_Popper
1962 book by Thomas S. Kuhn
intention; in fact, he had already approached the prominent positivist Rudolf Carnap about having his work published in the International Encyclopedia of
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
The_Structure_of_Scientific_Revolutions
Philosophical paradox introduced by Nelson Goodman
the qualitative predicate, in this case green. Rudolf Carnap responded to Goodman's 1946 article. Carnap's approach to inductive logic is based on the notion
New_riddle_of_induction
1943 paper proposing artificial neural networks
neural networks, "Language II" from The Logical Syntax of Language by Rudolf Carnap with some notations taken from Principia Mathematica by Alfred North
A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity
A_Logical_Calculus_of_the_Ideas_Immanent_in_Nervous_Activity
American philosopher (1911–1990)
Postanalytic philosophy Friends G. E. M. Anscombe R. B. Braithwaite Rudolf Carnap Paul Engelmann John Maynard Keynes Peter Geach Norman Malcolm G. E.
Norman_Malcolm
American professor of Philosophy at Stanford University
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Fred_Dretske
American philosopher (1927–2021)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Edmund_Gettier
American philosopher (born 1950)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Robert_Brandom
1951 philosophy article by Willard Van Orman Quine
4 "Problems and Changes") Quine, W. V. and Rudolf Carnap (1990). Dear Carnap, Dear Van: The Quine-Carnap Correspondence and Related Work. Berkeley, CA:
Two_Dogmas_of_Empiricism
American linguist and activist (born 1928)
anarchist journal Fraye Arbeter Shtime and became enamored with the ideas of Rudolf Rocker, a contributor whose work introduced Chomsky to the link between
Noam_Chomsky
Doctrine of multiplicity in contrast with monism
Liar Paradox is, a dialetheic paraconsistent logic may be required. Rudolf Carnap held to a version of logical pluralism: In logic there are no morals
Philosophical_pluralism
non-fiction philosophical works include The Myth of Sisyphus and The Rebel. Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970): German philosopher who was active in central Europe before
List_of_atheist_philosophers
Traditional, still commonplace view of scientific method to develop scientific theories
relations, a campaign termed verificationism. In its milder variant, Rudolf Carnap tried, but always failed, to find an inductive logic whereby a universal
Inductivism
American philosopher
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Ernest_Sosa
American philosopher (born 1935)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Michael_Walzer
British philosopher (born 1948)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Graham_Priest
British philosopher (1900–1976)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Gilbert_Ryle
1957 book by Noam Chomsky
V. O. Quine and Rudolf Carnap. Quine showed that one cannot completely verify the meaning of a statement through observations. Carnap had developed a
Syntactic_Structures
American philosopher (1906–1998)
Nagel Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach Vienna Circle Rudolf Carnap Hans Hahn Otto Neurath Moritz Schlick Friedrich Waismann Harvard Roderick
Nelson_Goodman
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