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In mathematics, a reversible diffusion is a specific example of a reversible stochastic process. Reversible diffusions have an elegant characterization
Reversible_diffusion
Topics referred to by the same term
time-reversed dynamics are well defined Reversible diffusion, an example of a reversible stochastic process Reversible process (thermodynamics), a process
Reversibility
Type of mathematical model
employ among others reversible interacting-particle reaction dynamics. Autowave – Self-supporting non-linear waves in active media Diffusion-controlled reaction –
Reaction–diffusion_system
Rare brain condition, leading to severe swelling
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), also known as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), is a rare condition in which
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Posterior_reversible_encephalopathy_syndrome
Soviet mathematician (1903–1987)
prediction Kolmogorov automorphism Kolmogorov's characterization of reversible diffusions Borel–Kolmogorov paradox Chapman–Kolmogorov equation Hahn–Kolmogorov
Andrey_Kolmogorov
Key reliability issue in MOSFETs
X_{\text{interface}}\rightleftharpoons X_{\text{bulk}}} (2) This reversible diffusion explains the partial recovery observed in NBTI. The reverse process
Negative-bias temperature instability
Negative-bias_temperature_instability
Method of analyzing electrochemical reactions
redox reaction can be assigned to diffusion. Many redox processes observed by CV are quasi-reversible or non-reversible. In such cases the thermodynamic
Cyclic_voltammetry
Concept in chemistry and physics
reversibility in physics and chemistry is twofold: First, it states that the microscopic detailed dynamics of particles and fields is time-reversible
Microscopic_reversibility
Reference electrode whose potential depends on pH
A reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) is a reference electrode, more specifically a subtype of the standard hydrogen electrodes, for electrochemical processes
Reversible_hydrogen_electrode
Discrete model of computation
automaton is reversible. The proof by Jarkko Kari is related to the tiling problem by Wang tiles. When a 2D automata is not reversible, often the proof
Cellular_automaton
Substances that can repair themselves
yield to mechanical stress in an atypical, reversible manner. Diels-Alder-based polymers undergo a reversible cycloaddition, where mechanical stress cleaves
Self-healing_material
Geometric algorithm
Diffusion maps is a dimensionality reduction or feature extraction algorithm introduced by Coifman and Lafon which computes a family of embeddings of
Diffusion_map
French mathematician
random energy model and similar glassy systems, and metastability in reversible diffusion. She is a director of research for the French National Centre for
Véronique_Gayrard
Process that cannot be undone
to determine whether a hypothetical process is reversible or not. Intuitively, a process is reversible if there is no dissipation. For example, Joule
Irreversible_process
Equation used in cyclic voltammetry
on ν provide evidence for an electrochemically reversible redox process. For species where the diffusion coefficient is known (or can be estimated), the
Randles–Sevcik_equation
Type of fuel cell run in reverse
resistance. Glossary of fuel cell terms Hydrogen technologies Flow Battery "Reversible fuel cell learning kit". Ecosoul.org. Archived from the original on May
Regenerative_fuel_cell
Solution to a stochastic differential equation
and statistics, diffusion processes are a class of continuous-time Markov process with almost surely continuous sample paths. Diffusion processes are stochastic
Diffusion_process
Diffusion coefficient of ions in solution
and R species present. The equation for AW applies to both reversible and quasi-reversible reactions for which both halves of the couple are soluble.
Warburg_coefficient
Reversible chemical transformation by absorption of electromagnetic radiation
Photochromism is the reversible change of color upon exposure to light. It is a transformation of a chemical species (photoswitch) between two forms through
Photochromism
process / Gau Mar Quadratic variation Random dynamical system / rds Reversible diffusion Runge–Kutta method Russo–Vallois integral Schramm–Loewner evolution
Catalog of articles in probability theory
Catalog_of_articles_in_probability_theory
Chemical process
found to be soluble in super-critical carbon dioxide. Extraction is a diffusion-based process, in which the solvent is required to diffuse into the matrix
Supercritical fluid extraction
Supercritical_fluid_extraction
Model of diffusion
The Ehrenfest model (or dog–flea model) of diffusion was proposed by Tatiana and Paul Ehrenfest to explain the second law of thermodynamics. The model
Ehrenfest_model
A reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) is a solid-state electrochemical device that is operated alternatively as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and a solid
Reversible_solid_oxide_cell
Physical law for entropy and heat
theorem states that all reversible engines operating between the same heat reservoirs are equally efficient. Thus, any reversible heat engine operating
Second_law_of_thermodynamics
Property of a thermodynamic system
{\textstyle W} done by a reversible heat engine was found to be the product of the Carnot efficiency (i.e., the efficiency of all reversible heat engines with
Entropy
Machine that converts the energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power
back into the stream. A special type of overshot/backshot wheel is the reversible water wheel. This has two sets of blades or buckets running in opposite
Water_wheel
Minor form of stroke
Diffusion sequences can help further localize the area of ischemia and can serve as prognostic indicators. Presence of ischemic lesions on diffusion weighted
Transient_ischemic_attack
Excess accumulation of fluid in the brain
(such as a brain abscess or meningitis) Hepatic encephalopathy Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome Radiation-induced brain edema Post-surgical changes
Cerebral_edema
Class of enzymes
It is typically found as an α2β2 tetramer. The α subunits catalyze the reversible formation of indole and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) from indole-3-glycerol
Tryptophan_synthase
Law of thermodynamics establishing the conservation of energy
practically reversible when it is driven by practically negligibly small temperature gradients. Work transfer is practically reversible when it occurs
First_law_of_thermodynamics
Primary cholinesterase in the body
molecules of acetylcholine (ACh) per second, approaching the limit allowed by diffusion of the substrate. The active site of AChE comprises two subsites—the anionic
Acetylcholinesterase
Understanding of gas properties in terms of molecular motion
the processes of dissolution, extraction and diffusion, providing as examples the dissolution and diffusion of salts by the action of water particles on
Kinetic_theory_of_gases
Semiconductor–semiconductor junction
in the n-type wander into the p-type due to random thermal migration ("diffusion"). As they diffuse into the p-type they combine with electron holes, and
P–n_junction
Cognitive decline
other causes. Blood tests are usually taken to rule out other possible reversible causes such as hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid). Fluid biomarkers
Dementia
Electrochemical equation
used to measure the concentration or the diffusion coefficient of an analyte that participates in a reversible, deposition electrochemical reaction. To
Berzins-Delahay_equation
Neuroradiologic finding of splenial pathology
particularly in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. It refers to a characteristic boomerang-shaped area of restricted diffusion in the splenium
Boomerang_sign
Method of chemical analysis
are as follows: 1) a large voltage window: ca. from +0.2 V to -1.8 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Hg electrode is particularly well-suited for
Polarography
Mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues
more general diffusion process. The number of dimensions of the Brownian process is equal to the number of queueing nodes, with the diffusion restricted
Queueing_theory
Process forming a path from many random steps
diffusion of dopants, defects and other impurities during the critical fabrication steps. Random walk treatments are also used to study the diffusion
Random_walk
Type of energy transfer
thermodynamic temperature. On page 34, he wrote: §41. Physical unreality of reversible processes. In Nature all phenomena are irreversible in a greater or less
Heat
Theoretical engine
Carnot cycle when acting as a heat engine consists of the following steps: Reversible isothermal expansion of the gas at the "hot" temperature, TH (isothermal
Carnot_heat_engine
Image conservation process
technique or treatment applied to physical or digital work should be reversible or distinguishable from the original content of the artwork. Prior to
Inpainting
(NESS), and f rev ( x ) {\displaystyle f_{\text{rev}}(x)} are the time-reversible forces. These functions are odd and even under time-reversal respectively
Helmholtz–Hodge_decomposition
Stochastic volatility model used in derivatives markets
methods Continuous-time stochastic processes: • Arithmetic diffusion: Bachelier • Geometric diffusion: Black, Black–Scholes, Garman–Kohlhagen, Margrabe • Stochastic
SABR_volatility_model
Type of fuel cell
permanent or reversible. The main mechanisms of poisoning are blocking of the pores in the cathode with K2CO3, which is not reversible, and reduction
Alkaline_fuel_cell
White matter tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
for brain size, on average, proportionately larger in females. Using diffusion tensor sequences on MRI machines, the rate at which molecules diffuse
Corpus_callosum
Chemical properties of materials
chemical reactions within the laws of thermodynamics Glass transition – Reversible transition in amorphous materials Surface melting – Formation of a quasi-liquid
Tammann temperature and Hüttig temperature
Tammann_temperature_and_Hüttig_temperature
Topics referred to by the same term
cell migration, describing the movements of group of cells Molecular diffusion, in physics Migration (chemistry), type of reaction in organic chemistry
Migration
Tool or farm implement
field and so avoid the ridge–furrow topography.[citation needed] The reversible (or roll-over) plough has two mould-board ploughs mounted back to back
Plough
Representation of a type of random process
Cauchy process Contact process Continuous-time random walk Cox process Diffusion process Empirical process Feller process Fleming–Viot process Gamma process
Autoregressive_model
Non-reversible deformation of a solid material in response to applied forces
is reversible, as long as there is no material transport in form of cross-slip. Shape-memory alloys such as Nitinol wire also exhibit a reversible form
Plasticity_(physics)
photophobia. Many contact lens-induced changes in corneal structure are reversible if contact lenses are not used for an extended period of time. Knowledge
Effects of long-term contact lens wear on the cornea
Effects_of_long-term_contact_lens_wear_on_the_cornea
typically be diffusing but diffusiophoresis is distinct from simple diffusion: in simple diffusion a species A moves down a gradient in its own concentration.
Diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis
Diffusiophoresis_and_diffusioosmosis
British-American chemist (born 1941)
battery had high energy density and the diffusion of lithium ions into the titanium disulfide cathode was reversible, making the battery rechargeable. In
M._Stanley_Whittingham
Type of rechargeable battery
pseudo-graphitic domains and tailored closed pores has been reported to reach a reversible capacity of 280 mAh/g at 1 A/g, retaining over 90% of its capacity after
Sodium-ion_battery
Exchange of mass, energy, and momentum between observed and studied systems
diffusion) Forced diffusion occurs because of the action of some external force Diffusion can be caused by temperature gradients (thermal diffusion)
Transport_phenomena
Chemical compound
the air is dried out as it passes through the filter. This process is reversible. If the alumina desiccant is heated to ~200 °C, it will release the trapped
Activated_alumina
Medical condition of lack of oxygen in the tissues
oxygenate the blood. Causes include hypoventilation, impaired alveolar diffusion, and pulmonary shunting. This definition overlaps considerably with that
Hypoxia_(medicine)
Projection of data onto lower-dimensional manifolds
sets. Diffusion maps leverages the relationship between heat diffusion and a random walk (Markov Chain); an analogy is drawn between the diffusion operator
Nonlinear dimensionality reduction
Nonlinear_dimensionality_reduction
Chemical mechanism of spontaneous passivation
process of diffusion will take place which will increase any measurement of the work of separation. The work of adhesion is the reversible free energy
Metal_oxide_adhesion
Law about the rate of chemical reactions
Guldberg and Peter Waage, building on Claude Louis Berthollet's ideas about reversible chemical reactions, proposed the law of mass action in 1864. These papers
Law_of_mass_action
Acronym for process of disposition of pharmaceutical compounds
tend to lower its plasma concentration. Distribution is defined as the reversible transfer of a drug between one compartment to another. Some factors affecting
ADME
Medical condition
MRI is performed, it may show cortical restricted diffusion with unusual characteristics of reversible T2 hypointensity in the subcortical white matter
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Hyperosmolar_hyperglycemic_state
Flow where fluid particles follow smooth paths in layers
surface. Laminar flow is a flow regime characterized by high momentum diffusion and low momentum convection. When a fluid is flowing through a closed
Laminar_flow
Device performing a Boolean function
(PLC) Programmable logic device (PLD) Propositional calculus Race hazard Reversible computing Superconducting computing Truth table Unconventional computing
Logic_gate
Type of steel crystalline structure
Equilibrium phases form by slow cooling rates that allow sufficient time for diffusion, whereas martensite is usually formed by very high cooling rates. Since
Martensite
Strong permanent magnet made from an alloy of a rare-earth element and cobalt
approx. 128–200 kJ/m3. These samarium–cobalt magnets generally have a reversible temperature coefficient of -0.05%/°C. Saturation magnetization can be
Samarium–cobalt_magnet
Direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa
effect. The Peltier–Seebeck and Thomson effects are thermodynamically reversible, whereas Joule heating is not. At the atomic scale, a temperature gradient
Thermoelectric_effect
Alloy which returns to a preset shape when heated
is no diffusion involved. Similarly, the austenite structure receives its name from steel alloys of a similar structure. It is the reversible diffusionless
Shape-memory_alloy
Chemical compound
element from the ores. The distinctive property of this material is its reversible conversion to a non-stoichiometric oxide. Cerium occurs naturally as oxides
Cerium(IV)_oxide
Class of transmembrane transporter protein
second. Compare this to ion channels that provide a means for facilitated diffusion to occur and allow between 107 and 108 ions pass through the plasma membrane
Antiporter
Symmetrical calligraphic or typographic visual pun
illustrations for Mark Twain and Lewis Carroll, he published two books of reversible illustrations, in which the picture turns into a different image entirely
Ambigram
Model of enzyme kinetics
(enzyme-substrate complex) represent the fact that enzyme-substrate binding is a reversible process, and the single forward arrow represents the formation of P (product)
Michaelis–Menten_kinetics
Family of monosaccharide transport proteins
of glucose across the plasma membrane, a process known as facilitated diffusion. Because glucose is a vital source of energy for all life, these transporters
Glucose_transporter
Ion channel enzyme pump found in the membrane of all animal cells
lactea by comparing the active and estivating states. They concluded that reversible phosphorylation can control the same means of coordinating ATP use by
Sodium–potassium_pump
Material consisting of two layers of graphene
battery yielded reversible capacities of 1034 and 734 mAh/g at discharge rates of 5 and 10 C, respectively. After 1000 cycles reversible capacities of some
Bilayer_graphene
Interpretation of quantum mechanics
as various external forces. The framework provides a derivation of the diffusion equations associated to these stochastic particles. It is best known for
Stochastic_quantum_mechanics
The pseudo-Hadamard transform is a reversible transformation of a bit string that provides cryptographic diffusion. See Hadamard transform. The bit string
Pseudo-Hadamard_transform
Loss of structure in proteins and nucleic acids due to external stress
deter protein stability and activity. In many cases, denaturation is reversible (the proteins can regain their native state when the denaturing influence
Denaturation_(biochemistry)
Cage-like allotrope of carbon
semiconductor into a conductor or even superconductor. C 60 undergoes six reversible, one-electron reductions, ultimately generating C6− 60. Its oxidation
Buckminsterfullerene
Process of water movement through a plant
decrease in hydrostatic pressure in the upper parts of the plants due to the diffusion of water out of stomata into the atmosphere. The word transpiration comes
Transpiration
Change in a thing that degrades it away from its initial state
broken but are shifted to create unstable pockets of concentration and diffusion of the material, which are more susceptible to later breakage. The effect
Damage
Stacks or aggregations of red blood cells
W.; Perelson, A.S. (April 1984). "Kinetics of rouleau formation. II. Reversible reactions". Biophysical Journal. 45 (4): 805–824. Bibcode:1984BpJ....45
Rouleaux
Compound that induces a loss of consciousness
be defined. General anesthetics, however, typically elicit several key reversible effects: immobility, analgesia, amnesia, unconsciousness, and reduced
General_anaesthetic
Type of energy transfer
idealized notions of reversible work and heat are developed in scientific articles by Rudolf Clausius from 1850 - 1865. The reversible heat, defined by Clausius
Work_(thermodynamics)
covered. Sedimentation velocity experiments can also be used to study reversible chemical equilibria between macromolecular species, by either monitoring
Analytical ultracentrifugation
Analytical_ultracentrifugation
Device that generates flow using an electric field
application of this is removing liquid flooding water from channels and gas diffusion layers and direct hydration of the proton exchange membrane in the membrane
Electroosmotic_pump
Medical condition
"Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy: Potential for Reversibility Clinically and on MRI With Diffusion-Weighted and FLAIR Imaging". American Journal of Roentgenology
Toxic_leukoencephalopathy
Chemical mixtures
interchangeably, according to ISO nanotechnology definitions, an agglomerate is a reversible collection of particles weakly bound, for example by van der Waals forces
Dispersion_(chemistry)
Development of entropy in a thermodynamic system
the process. From the context, it is clear that N = 0 if the process is reversible and N > 0 in case of an irreversible process. The laws of thermodynamics
Entropy_production
Antibacterial drug
of nitrofurantoin occur at rates of 0 to 29%. They are generally mild, reversible, and are predominantly gastrointestinal. Pulmonary toxicity caused by
Nitrofurantoin
Change in energies of a thermodynamic system with respect to particle number
coefficients is zero, as the free energy is at a minimum. In a system in diffusion equilibrium, the chemical potential of any chemical species is uniformly
Chemical_potential
and cold sink in a completely reversible cycle. For this to happen each step in the cycle had itself to be reversible i.e. it must not waste any fraction
Carnot_engine_explanation
Explanation for the rates of electron transfer reactions
can be determined if a reversible path to that state is found. Marcus was successful in finding such a path via two reversible charging steps for the
Marcus_theory
Chemistry term for pressure
as per the reversible reaction below, whose equilibrium constant K (which is also a dissociation constant, since it describes a reversible association-dissociation
P50_(pressure)
Physical law in electrochemistry
expression formal potential.[citation needed] The formal potential is thus the reversible potential of an electrode at equilibrium immersed in a solution where
Nernst_equation
Skin discoloration caused by carotenoids
Carotenosis is a benign and reversible medical condition where an excess of dietary carotenoids results in orange discoloration of the outermost skin layer
Carotenosis
East Asian ethnic group
biologist Chuan He is notable for his work in discovering and deciphering reversible RNA methylation in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation. Chuan
Han_Chinese
Primary or secondary battery
water-activated magnesium battery. Secondary magnesium ion batteries involve the reversible flux of Mg2+ ions. They are a candidate for improvement on lithium-ion
Magnesium_battery
Return of a perturbed system into equilibrium
constants for the forward and reverse reactions. A monomolecular, first order reversible reaction which is close to equilibrium can be visualized by the following
Relaxation_(physics)
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Clark.
Male
Egyptian
, a sacred scribe and priest of Pthah.
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian
Fighter
Male
Greek
(Πτοοφαγος) Greek name PTOOPHAGOS means "glutton of Ptoon (in Boeotia)." In mythology, this is the name of one of Orion's dogs.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Male
Greek
(ἸοÏδάνης) Greek masculine form of Hebrew unisex Yarden ("flowing down"), IORDANES means "the descender." In the bible, this is the name of the river in which Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Kindness of the World
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Beauty.
Male
Irish
Irish diminutive form of Gaelic Aodh, AODHÃN means "little fire."
Girl/Female
Tamil
A flower
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
REVERSIBLE DIFFUSION
a.
Capable of, or admitting of, reverting or being reverted; as, a revertible estate.
n.
The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.
a.
Capable of being reversed; as, a chair or seat having a reversible back; a reversible judgment or sentence.
a.
Incapable of being reversed or turned about or back; incapable of being made to run backward; as, an irreversible engine.
a.
Hence, having a pattern or finished surface on both sides, so that either may be used; -- said of fabrics.
n.
The spreading abroad, or extension, of anything; diffusion; dissemination; as, the propagation of sound; the propagation of the gospel.
n.
One opposed to the diffusion of knowledge; an obscuriantist.
a.
Referable.
n.
The quality of being reversible.
n.
The extent to which anything circulates or is circulated; the measure of diffusion; as, the circulation of a newspaper.
a.
Irreversible.
a.
Incapable of being reversed, recalled, repealed, or annulled; as, an irreversible sentence or decree.
adv.
In an irreversible manner.
n.
The state or quality of being irreversible.
a.
Incapable of being recalled or revoked; unchangeable; irreversible; unalterable; as, an irrevocable promise or decree; irrevocable fate.
n.
An association of underwriters and others in London, for the collection and diffusion of marine intelligence, the insurance, classification, registration, and certifying of vessels, and the transaction of business of various kinds connected with shipping.
adv.
In a reversible manner.
n.
The act of passing from place to place or person to person; free diffusion; transmission.
n.
The act of passing by osmosis through animal membranes, as in the distribution of poisons, gases, etc., through the body. Unlike absorption, diffusion may go on after death, that is, after the blood ceases to circulate.
n.
The state or quality of being irreversible; irreversibleness.