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Interdisciplinary research area
Quantum machine learning (QML) is the study of quantum algorithms for machine learning. It often refers to quantum algorithms for machine learning tasks
Quantum_machine_learning
Applications of machine learning to quantum physics
Applying machine learning (ML) (including deep learning) methods to the study of quantum systems is an emergent area of physics research. A basic example
Machine_learning_in_physics
Process of automating the application of machine learning
Automated machine learning (AutoML) is the process of automating the tasks of applying machine learning to real-world problems. It is the combination
Automated_machine_learning
Machine learning technique
In machine learning, attention is a method that determines the importance of each component in a sequence relative to the other components in that sequence
Attention_(machine_learning)
Model of quantum computation
A quantum Turing machine (QTM) or universal quantum computer is an abstract machine used to model the effects of a quantum computer. It provides a simple
Quantum_Turing_machine
Machine learning methods using multiple input modalities
Multimodal learning is a type of deep learning that integrates and processes multiple types of data, referred to as modalities, such as text, audio, images
Multimodal_learning
Academic conference in machine learning
The International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) is an international academic conference in machine learning held annually since 1980. It is the
International Conference on Machine Learning
International_Conference_on_Machine_Learning
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
developing quantum algorithms that can speed up machine learning tasks. However, review literature notes that many proposed quantum machine-learning advantages
Quantum_computing
Quantum computing company based in Toronto, Canada
cloud accessible photonic quantum computers and develops open-source software for quantum machine learning and simulating quantum photonic devices. Xanadu
Xanadu_Quantum_Technologies
Quantum mechanical macroscopic object
A quantum machine is a human-made device whose collective motion follows the laws of quantum mechanics. The idea that macroscopic objects may follow the
Quantum_machine
Ensemble learning method
In machine learning (ML), boosting is an ensemble learning method that combines a set of less accurate models (called "weak learners") to create a single
Boosting_(machine_learning)
Canadian physicist and entrepreneur
quantum computing researcher, entrepreneur, and writer who is a key contributor of Google's quantum machine learning software, Tensorflow Quantum. He
Guillaume_Verdon
Subset of artificial intelligence
Machine learning (ML) is a field of study in artificial intelligence concerned with the development and study of statistical algorithms that can learn
Machine_learning
Machine learning strategy
Active learning is a special case of machine learning in which a learning algorithm can interactively query a human user (or some other information source)
Active learning (machine learning)
Active_learning_(machine_learning)
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
outline is provided as an overview of, and topical guide to, machine learning: Machine learning (ML) is a subfield of artificial intelligence within computer
Outline_of_machine_learning
Research field that lies at the intersection of machine learning and computer security
Adversarial machine learning is the study of the attacks on machine learning algorithms, and of the defenses against such attacks. Machine learning techniques
Adversarial_machine_learning
Academic conference in machine learning
The International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) is a machine learning conference typically held in late April or early May each year.
International Conference on Learning Representations
International_Conference_on_Learning_Representations
Measurable property or characteristic
In machine learning and pattern recognition, a feature is an individual measurable property or characteristic of a data set. Choosing informative, discriminating
Feature_(machine_learning)
Concept in machine learning
In statistics and machine learning, leakage (also known as data leakage or target leakage) refers to the use of information during model training that
Leakage_(machine_learning)
Plot of machine learning model performance over time or experience
In machine learning (ML), a learning curve (or training curve) is a graphical representation that shows how a model's performance on a training set (and
Learning curve (machine learning)
Learning_curve_(machine_learning)
Machine learning technique
Transfer learning (TL) is a technique in machine learning (ML) in which knowledge learned from a task is re-used in order to boost performance on a related
Transfer_learning
Machine learning technique
In machine learning, normalization is a statistical technique with various applications. There are two main forms of normalization, namely data normalization
Normalization (machine learning)
Normalization_(machine_learning)
Interdisciplinary theory behind quantum computing
Quantum information science is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics, information theory, and computer science
Quantum_information_science
Quantum algorithm
found applications in quantum machine learning and has been further substantiated by general hybrid algorithms between quantum and classical computers
Variational quantum eigensolver
Variational_quantum_eigensolver
Academic journal
The Journal of Machine Learning Research is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering machine learning. It was established in 2000 and the
Journal of Machine Learning Research
Journal_of_Machine_Learning_Research
Fact that observing a situation changes it
effect occurs in quantum mechanics, as demonstrated by the double-slit experiment. Physicists have found that observation of quantum phenomena by a detector
Observer_effect_(physics)
Statistics and machine learning technique
In statistics and machine learning, ensemble methods use multiple learning algorithms to obtain better predictive performance than could be obtained from
Ensemble_learning
Phenomenon resulting from the superposition of two waves
addition to the classical wave model for understanding optical interference, quantum matter waves also demonstrate interference. The above can be demonstrated
Wave_interference
Networks connecting quantum processors
form of quantum bits, also called qubits, between physically separated quantum processors. A quantum processor is a machine able to perform quantum circuits
Quantum_network
development of quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum sensing. Quantum computing and communication are two sub-fields of quantum information
List of companies involved in quantum computing, communication or sensing
List_of_companies_involved_in_quantum_computing,_communication_or_sensing
Quantum computing applied to natural language processing
answering, machine translation and even algorithmic music composition. Categorical quantum mechanics Natural language processing Quantum machine learning Applied
Quantum natural language processing
Quantum_natural_language_processing
Computing company founded in 2014
quantum chemistry, quantum machine learning, quantum Monte Carlo integration, and quantum artificial intelligence. The company also offers quantum-computing-hardened
Quantinuum
Quantum Mechanics in Neural Networks
models (which are widely used in machine learning for the important task of pattern recognition) with the advantages of quantum information in order to develop
Quantum_neural_network
Involutive change of basis in linear algebra
The Hadamard transform has found applications in quantum machine learning, particularly in hybrid quantum-classical neural networks. Researchers at the University
Hadamard_transform
Technological development using the laws of quantum mechanics
qubits, and others. Quantum machine learning has also been proposed. Two examples of this are quantum clustering, where quantum principles might be used
Quantum_engineering
Algorithm for modelling sequential data
In deep learning, the transformer is a family of artificial neural network architectures based on the multi-head attention mechanism, in which text is
Transformer_(deep_learning)
Type of large language model
pre-training (GP) was a long-established technique in machine learning. GP is a form of self-supervised learning wherein a model is first trained on a large, unlabeled
Generative pre-trained transformer
Generative_pre-trained_transformer
Deep learning architecture
most relevant expert for each token. Language modeling Transformer (machine learning model) State-space model Recurrent neural network Gu, Albert; Dao,
Mamba (deep learning architecture)
Mamba_(deep_learning_architecture)
American mathematical physicist (born 1979)
adiabatic quantum computation and the universality of variational quantum computation. His work also includes contributions to quantum machine learning and
Jacob_Biamonte
Machine learning method
Logic learning machine (LLM) is a machine learning method based on the generation of intelligible rules. LLM is an efficient implementation of the Switching
Logic_learning_machine
Paradigm in machine learning that uses no classification labels
Unsupervised learning is a framework in machine learning where, in contrast to supervised learning, algorithms learn patterns exclusively from unlabeled
Unsupervised_learning
American computer scientist (born 2000)
of quantum algorithms for machine learning and linear algebra, and for advances in quantum machine learning on quantum data." Tang's father is Liping Tang
Ewin_Tang
Principle of quantum mechanics
Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that linear combinations of solutions to the Schrödinger equation are
Quantum_superposition
AI that learns decision rules from data
Rule-based machine learning (RBML) is a term in computer science intended to encompass any machine learning method that identifies, learns, or evolves
Rule-based_machine_learning
Quantum algorithm for solving systems of linear equations
output of the quantum algorithm, but the algorithm still outputs the optimal least-squares error. Machine learning Many quantum machine learning algorithms
HHL_algorithm
Technique in machine learning
Curriculum learning is a technique in machine learning in which a model is trained on examples of increasing difficulty, where the definition of "difficulty"
Curriculum_learning
Force resulting from the quantisation of a field
In quantum field theory, the Casimir effect (or Casimir force) is a physical force acting on the macroscopic boundaries of a confined space which arises
Casimir_effect
Set of methods for supervised statistical learning
In machine learning, support vector machines (SVMs, also support vector networks) are supervised max-margin models with associated learning algorithms
Support_vector_machine
Model-free reinforcement learning algorithm
Q-learning is a reinforcement learning algorithm that trains an agent to assign values to its possible actions based on its current state, without requiring
Q-learning
Interpretation of quantum mechanics
The many-worlds interpretation (MWI) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that asserts that the universal wavefunction is objectively real, and that
Many-worlds_interpretation
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), sometimes referred to as quantum-proof, quantum-safe, or quantum-resistant, is the development of cryptographic algorithms
Post-quantum_cryptography
Machine learning paradigm
Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a paradigm in machine learning where a model is trained on a task using the data itself to generate supervisory signals
Self-supervised_learning
Method of machine learning
In computer science, online machine learning is a method of machine learning in which data becomes available in a sequential order and is used to update
Online_machine_learning
Machine learning technique
In machine learning, reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a technique to align an intelligent agent with human preferences. It involves
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
Class of artificial neural network
classification, collaborative filtering, feature learning, topic modelling, immunology, and even many‑body quantum mechanics. They can be trained in either supervised
Restricted_Boltzmann_machine
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
In machine learning, diffusion models, also known as diffusion-based generative models or score-based generative models, are a class of latent variable
Diffusion_model
Framework for machine learning
Statistical learning theory is a framework for machine learning drawing from the fields of statistics and functional analysis. Statistical learning theory
Statistical_learning_theory
Property of computational resources needed
In quantum information theory, magic is a property that quantifies the computational resources needed to describe quantum states beyond stabilizer states
Magic_(quantum_information)
Optimization algorithm
become an important optimization method in machine learning. Both statistical estimation and machine learning consider the problem of minimizing an objective
Stochastic_gradient_descent
Type of feedforward neural network
In deep learning, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a kind of modern feedforward neural network consisting of fully connected neurons with nonlinear activation
Multilayer_perceptron
Branch of physics seeking to explain chaotic dynamical systems in terms of quantum theory
little about quantum chaos. Nevertheless, learning how to solve such quantum problems is an important part of answering the question of quantum chaos. Statistical
Quantum_chaos
Integrated circuit technology
using protons for analog deep learning. In 2019, the European Union funded neuromorphic quantum computing to explore quantum operations using neuromorphic
Neuromorphic_computing
Class of theories in quantum mechanics
In quantum mechanics, superdeterminism is a loophole in Bell's theorem. By postulating that all systems being measured are correlated with the choices
Superdeterminism
Algorithm to be run on quantum computers
In quantum computing, a quantum algorithm is an algorithm that runs on a realistic model of quantum computation, the most commonly used model being the
Quantum_algorithm
Australian quantum physicist
semiconductor manufacturing and has demonstrated that quantum circuits for data encoding in quantum machine learning can be greatly simplified without compromising
Muhammad_Usman_(academic)
Automated recognition of patterns and regularities in data
retrieval, bioinformatics, data compression, computer graphics and machine learning. Pattern recognition has its origins in statistics and engineering;
Pattern_recognition
Type of artificial neural network
learning machines are feedforward neural networks for classification, regression, clustering, sparse approximation, compression and feature learning with
Extreme_learning_machine
This list contains quantum processors, also known as quantum processing units (QPUs). Some devices listed below have only been announced at press conferences
List_of_quantum_processors
Simulators of quantum mechanical systems
quantum Turing machines are useful for simulating quantum systems. This is known as quantum supremacy, the idea that there are problems only quantum Turing
Quantum_simulator
Physics experiment
In quantum mechanics, a quantum eraser experiment is an interferometer experiment that demonstrates several fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics,
Quantum_eraser_experiment
Technique for comparing quantum states
It appears commonly in quantum machine learning, and is a circuit used for proofs-of-concept in implementations of quantum computers. Formally, the
Swap_test
NC-using quantum materials with some variety of potential neuromorphic computing-related applications. The use of quantum machine learning for quantum simulators
Applications of artificial intelligence
Applications_of_artificial_intelligence
Research field in deep learning
deep learning (TDL) is a research field that extends deep learning to handle complex, non-Euclidean data structures. Traditional deep learning models
Topological_deep_learning
German scientist
his contributions to quantum machine learning. He is currently Vice President of Engineering at Google where he leads the Quantum Artificial Intelligence
Hartmut_Neven
Canadian economist
Lab added a machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) stream. In 2017, the CDL launched a program focused on quantum machine learning. Agrawal is
Ajay_Agrawal
Machine learning algorithm
Decision tree learning is a supervised learning approach used in statistics, data mining and machine learning. In this formalism, a classification or
Decision_tree_learning
Machine-learning and computational-neuroscience conference
Processing Systems (abbreviated as NeurIPS and formerly NIPS) is a machine learning and computational neuroscience conference held annually in December
Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
Conference_on_Neural_Information_Processing_Systems
Physics experiment in quantum mechanics
A delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment is an elaboration on the quantum eraser experiment that incorporates concepts considered in John Archibald Wheeler's
Delayed-choice_quantum_eraser
Quantum analog of probabilistic automata
In quantum computing, quantum finite automata (QFA) or quantum state machines are a quantum analog of probabilistic automata or a Markov decision process
Quantum_finite_automaton
Similarity measure for number sequences
techniques. This normalised form distance is often used within many deep learning algorithms. In biology, there is a similar concept known as the Otsuka–Ochiai
Cosine_similarity
2018 text-generating language model
primarily employed supervised learning from large amounts of manually labeled data. This reliance on supervised learning limited their use of datasets
GPT-1
Machine learning calibration technique
In machine learning, Platt scaling or Platt calibration is a way of transforming the outputs of a classification model into a probability distribution
Platt_scaling
This is a glossary for the terminology often encountered in undergraduate quantum mechanics courses. Cautions: Different authors may have different definitions
Glossary of elementary quantum mechanics
Glossary_of_elementary_quantum_mechanics
Memory unit used in neural networks
Holger; Bengio, Yoshua (2014). "Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder-Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation". Proceedings of the 2014
Gated_recurrent_unit
Loss of quantum coherence
Quantum decoherence is the loss of quantum coherence. It involves generally a loss of information of a system to its environment. Quantum decoherence
Quantum_decoherence
Set of mathematical concepts in quantum gravity
In quantum gravity, quantum geometry is the set of mathematical concepts that generalize geometry to describe physical phenomena at distance scales comparable
Quantum_geometry
Machine learning that combines deep learning and reinforcement learning
Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) is a subfield of machine learning that combines reinforcement learning (RL) and deep learning. RL considers the problem
Deep_reinforcement_learning
Theorem in quantum information science
identical copy of an arbitrary unknown quantum state, a statement which has profound implications in the field of quantum computing among others. The theorem
No-cloning_theorem
2019 text-generating language model
exaggerated; Anima Anandkumar, a professor at Caltech and director of machine learning research at Nvidia, said that there was no evidence that GPT-2 had
GPT-2
Quantum physics of light and matter in a cavity
Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (cavity QED) is the study of the interaction between light confined in a reflective cavity and atoms or other particles
Cavity quantum electrodynamics
Cavity_quantum_electrodynamics
Device to determine relative phase shift
being used in a range of research topics efforts especially in fundamental quantum mechanics. The Mach–Zehnder interferometer is a highly configurable instrument
Mach–Zehnder_interferometer
Method of machine learning
In computer science, incremental learning is a method of machine learning in which input data is continuously used to extend the existing model's knowledge
Incremental_learning
Algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers
In machine learning, the perceptron is an algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers. A binary classifier is a function that can decide whether
Perceptron
Notation for conserved quantities in physics and chemistry
In quantum physics and chemistry, quantum numbers are quantities that characterize the possible states of the system. To fully specify the state of the
Quantum_number
Method in natural language processing
Furthermore, word embeddings can even amplify these biases. Embedding (machine learning) Brown clustering Distributional–relational database Jurafsky, Daniel;
Word_embedding
Interpretation of quantum mechanics
philosophy of physics, QBism (pronounced "cubism") is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that takes an agent's actions and experiences as the central
QBism
Physics phenomenon
Quantum entanglement is the phenomenon in which the quantum state of each particle in a group cannot be described independently of the state of the others
Quantum_entanglement
Interaction of a quantum system with a classical observer
In quantum physics, a measurement is the testing or manipulation of a physical system to yield a numerical result. A fundamental feature of quantum theory
Measurement in quantum mechanics
Measurement_in_quantum_mechanics
Quantum mechanical phenomenon
In physics, quantum tunnelling, barrier penetration, or simply tunnelling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an object such as an electron or
Quantum_tunnelling
Smooth approximation of one-hot arg max
accurate term "softargmax", though the term "softmax" is conventional in machine learning. This section uses the term "softargmax" for clarity. Formally, instead
Softmax_function
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Machen.Spanish (MachÃn) : probably a nickname from machÃn ‘boor’, ‘lout’, often applied to a blacksmith’s apprentice.French : nickname from Old French machin ‘scheming’.
Male
English
Pet form of English Sacheverell, SACHIE means "roe-buck leap."
Male
Hindi/Indian
(सचिन) Hindi myth name borne by Indra, SACHIN means "pure."
Female
French
French feminine form of Latin Martinus, MARTINE means "of/like Mars."Â
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Maureen, MAURINE means "obstinacy, rebelliousness" or "their rebellion."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a stonemason, Anglo-Norman French machun, a Norman dialect variant of Old French masson (see Mason).
Male
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Yakiyn, YACHIN means "he establishes" or "whom God strengthens."Â
Female
Yiddish
(×™Ö·×—Ö°× Ö¶×¢) Yiddish form of Hebrew Yochana, YACHNE means "God is gracious."Â
Female
Native American
Native American Hopi name KACHINA means "sacred dancer; spirit."
Boy/Male
American, Australian
Weighing Machine
Female
Scottish
Feminine form of Scottish Lachlan, LACHINA means "lake-land."
Female
English
Feminine form of English Max, MAXINE means either "the greatest rival" or "the stream of Mack."Â
Female
French
Feminine form of French Marin, MARINE means "of the sea."
Male
French
French form of Latin Macarius, MACAIRE means "blessed."
Male
Scottish
Pet form of Scottish Gaelic Lachlann, LACHIE means "lake-land."
Female
German
German form of Scottish Malvina, MALWINE means "smooth-brow."
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Macey, MACIE means "gift of God."
Female
Hawaiian
Hawaiian name MAHINA means "moon; moonlight."
Girl/Female
Bengali, Indian
Machine
Girl/Female
Australian, Japanese
Child of Machi
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
Girl/Female
Tamil
Avyuktha | அவà¯à®¯à¯à®•à¯à®¤à®¾
Crystal clear
Girl/Female
Tamil
Enlightenment
Female
English
English short form of Latin Angela, ANGE means "angel, messenger." Compare with masculine Ange.
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, French, Greek, Latin
Daughter of the Sun
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Young Man
Surname or Lastname
English (Cornwall)
English (Cornwall) : unexplained. Compare Goyne.
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Thresher
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Name of Wooden Part
Girl/Female
Assamese, Indian, Rajasthani
Heaven; Ankle; Sanskrit
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
God Ruthra
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
QUANTUM MACHINE-LEARNING
n.
The working parts of a machine, engine, or instrument; as, the machinery of a watch.
n.
In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine.
n.
A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine.
pl.
of Tachina
a.
Of or pertaining to the sea; having to do with the ocean, or with navigation or naval affairs; nautical; as, marine productions or bodies; marine shells; a marine engine.
a.
A picture representing some marine subject.
pl.
of Quantum
n.
One who or operates a machine; a machinist.
n.
A quantic of the fifth degree. See Quantic.
n.
Machines, in general, or collectively.
a.
Of or pertaining to cows; pertaining to, derived from, or caused by, vaccinia; as, vaccine virus; the vaccine disease.
n.
Quantity; amount.
imp. & p. p.
of Machine
v. t.
To contrive, as a plot; to plot; as, to machinate evil.
v. t.
To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.
a.
Of or pertaining to machines.
v. t.
To wind marline around; as, to marline a rope.
n.
A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary.