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Genus of bacteria
Mediterranean Sea (strain MED). The name Prochlorococcus originated from the fact it was originally assumed that Prochlorococcus was related to Prochloron and other
Prochlorococcus
Phylum of photosynthesising prokaryotes
The smallest of all, Prochlorococcus, is just 0.5 to 0.8 micrometres across. In terms of numbers of individuals, Prochlorococcus is possibly the most
Cyanobacteria
Two of the free-living bacterial taxa with the smallest genomes are Prochlorococcus and Pelagibacter ubique, both highly abundant marine bacteria commonly
Streamlining_theory
Comparison of a wide range of masses
Constants, Units, and Uncertainty. NIST. Retrieved 23 August 2011. "Prochlorococcus marinus MIT 9313 - Home". Joint Genome Institute. Archived from the
Orders_of_magnitude_(mass)
Domain of microorganisms
hydrogen peroxide by helper microbes: the impacts on the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus and other beneficiaries in marine communities". Environmental Microbiology
Bacteria
Total mass of living organisms in a given area (all species or selected species)
The smallest of all, Prochlorococcus, is approximately 0.5 to 0.8 micrometres across. In terms of individual numbers, Prochlorococcus is possibly the most
Biomass_(ecology)
Virus that infects cyanobacteria
for creating viral particles. Certain cyanophages infect and burst Prochlorococcus, the world's smallest and most abundant primary producers. Marine cyanophages
Cyanophage
Microbiological population model hypothesis
A myovirus which infects cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus.
Kill_the_Winner_hypothesis
Group of photosynthetic plankton
Cyanobacteria belonging to the genus Prochlorococcus are particularly remarkable. With a typical size of 0.6 μm, Prochlorococcus was discovered only in 1988 by
Photosynthetic_picoplankton
American oceanographer, marine biologist
research focuses particularly on the most abundant marine phytoplankton, Prochlorococcus, that she discovered in the 1980s with Rob Olson and other collaborators
Sallie_W._Chisholm
Genus of bacteria
diagnostic pigment for this organism is known. Zeaxanthin is also found in Prochlorococcus, red algae and as a minor pigment in some chlorophytes and eustigmatophytes
Synechococcus
Plant cell organelles that perform photosynthesis and store starch
photosynthetic plastids Paulinella amoeboids of the cyanobacteria genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, or the "PS-clade". Secondary and tertiary endosymbiosis
Plastid
Order of bacteria
article by A.V. Pinevich ). In 1986 Prochlorococcus was found by Sallie W. (Penny) Chisholm and colleagues. Prochlorococcus may be responsible for a significant
Chroococcales
Region of the North Atlantic Ocean
Swallow's work on the Swallow float in the late 1950s, the discovery of Prochlorococcus by a team of researchers in the 1980s, and various oceanographic data
Sargasso_Sea
Marine consumer-resource system
The smallest of all, Prochlorococcus, is just 0.5 to 0.8 micrometres across. In terms of individual numbers, Prochlorococcus is possibly the most plentiful
Marine_food_web
bacteriophages that infect the abundant marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus (cyanophages) carry AMGs that have been acquired from their immediate
Auxiliary_metabolic_genes
Diverse group of photosynthetic organisms
Three lineages of cyanobacteria, Prochloraceae, Prochlorothrix and Prochlorococcus, independently evolved to have chlorophylls a and b instead of phycobilisomes
Algae
Organisms that live in salt water
the major animal and plant species. The tiny marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, discovered in 1986, forms today part of the base of the ocean food
Marine_life
Lab technique in biology and chemistry
allowed marine researchers to distinguish between dimly-fluorescing Prochlorococcus and heterotrophic microorganisms, a distinction that is difficult with
Flow_cytometry
Viruses found in marine environments
modulate both microbial population size and diversity. The cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, the most abundant oxygenic phototroph on Earth, contributes a substantial
Marine_viruses
Autotrophic members of the plankton ecosystem
picoflagellates and nanoflagellates), mostly composed of cyanobacteria (Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus) and picoeucaryotes such as Micromonas. Within more
Phytoplankton
Biogeochemical cycle of oxygen
as the phytoplankton of the oceans. The tiny marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus was discovered in 1986 and accounts for up to half of the photosynthesis
Oxygen_cycle
New Zealand biochemist
systems Williamson and her team focused on during this research was the Prochlorococcus marinus. This group of cyanobacteria are the most abundant photosynthetic
Adele_Williamson
Organisms living in water or air that drift in the current or wind
Ernst Haeckel (1904) This planktonic bacterium is the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, the smallest photosynthetic organism in the world. It contributes
Plankton
Technique in molecular biology
Figure: Adsorption of a cyanophage onto a marine prochlorococcus.
Run-off_transcription
Green pigments found in plants, algae and bacteria
to the chlorophyll structures are known in the wild. For example, Prochlorococcus, a cyanobacterium, uses 8-vinyl Chl a and b. Chlorophylls can be extracted
Chlorophyll
North-flowing current in the northwest Pacific Ocean
with the requirements of two specific cyanobacteria: Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus. Prochlorococcus is the dominant species of picophytoplankton within
Kuroshio_Current
RNA family
identified by bioinformatics in the cyanobacterial genera Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus and one phage that infects such bacteria. It was also detected in marine
Downstream-peptide_motif
Cell response to DNA damage
producers of the Earth's oxygenic atmosphere. The marine cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus appear to have an E. coli like SOS system for repair
SOS_response
marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus and related species such as Synechococcus. These include the Yfr1 and Yfr2 RNAs. In Prochlorococcus and Synechocystis
Cyanobacterial_non-coding_RNA
All genes of all strains in a clade
pan-genome is Prochlorococcus, the core genome set is much smaller than the pangenome, which is used by different ecotypes of Prochlorococcus. Open pan-genome
Pan-genome
carbon cycle. Diverse microbial communities, including bacteria like Prochlorococcus and Pelagibacter, drive the microbial carbon pump by transforming organic
Microbial_carbon_pump
Family of bacteria
Cyanobacteriota Class: Cyanophyceae Order: Synechococcales Family: Prochloraceae R. A. Lewin Genera Prochlorococcus Chisholm et al. 1992 Prochloron Lewin 1977
Prochloraceae
diatoms, but are not involved in the sedimentation of foraminifera. Prochlorococcus sp. decay from increased solar radiation was found to promote TEP production
Transparent exopolymer particles
Transparent_exopolymer_particles
Order of bacteria
Synechococcales TEM of Prochlorococcus MED4 dividing Scientific classification Domain: Bacteria Kingdom: Bacillati Phylum: Cyanobacteriota Class: Cyanophyceae
Synechococcales
Biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into various chemical forms
There are a few notable and well-known exceptions that include most Prochlorococcus and some Synechococcus that can only take up nitrogen as ammonium.
Nitrogen_cycle
Protein domain
"Characterization of cyanate metabolism in marine Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus spp" (PDF). Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 77 (1): 291–301
Cyanase
Theory that viruses predate cellular life
"Genomic and structural analysis of Syn9, a cyanophage infecting marine Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus". Environmental Microbiology. 9 (7): 1675–1695. Bibcode:2007EnvMi
Virus_world_hypothesis
Discipline in genetics
these cyanobacteria come from the marine environment. These are six Prochlorococcus strains, seven marine Synechococcus strains, Trichodesmium erythraeum
Genomics
Plant organelle that conducts photosynthesis
again in the amoeboid Paulinella with a cyanobacterium in the genus Prochlorococcus. This independently evolved chloroplast is often called a chromatophore
Chloroplast
Bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column
Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus. Synechococcus is cosmopolitan, having been reported across temperate and tropical waters. Prochlorococcus is a very small
Bacterioplankton
Species of bacterium
and "it probably really is the commonest organism on the planet". Prochlorococcus Synechococcus Smallest organisms Oren A. (2017). "A plea for linguistic
Pelagibacter_communis
Civil and Environmental Engineering 2015 Discovery and biology of the Prochlorococcus marine cyanobacteria Ann Graybiel Brain and Cognitive Sciences 2008
List of institute professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
List_of_institute_professors_at_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology
is why open ocean appears blue and supports yellow species such as Prochlorococcus, which contains divinyl-chlorophyll a and b. Synechococcus, colored
Accessory_pigment
Long-term oceanographic study by the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
distribution of eukaryotic phytoplanktons such as Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus. This was one of the first long-term oceanographic programs to use
Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study
Bermuda_Atlantic_Time-series_Study
Marine synthesis of organic compounds
the major animal and plant species. The tiny marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, discovered in 1986, forms today part of the base of the ocean food
Marine_primary_production
Prize awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Crafoord Foundation
studies of the most abundant photosynthesising organism on Earth, Prochlorococcus" 2020 Astronomy Eugene N. Parker "for pioneering and fundamental studies
Crafoord_Prize
Long-term oceanographic study based at the University of Hawaii at Manoa
includes Prochlorococcus sp. and Synechococcus sp., made up a significant portion of the prokaryotic community in surface waters. Prochlorococcus was identified
Hawaii_Ocean_Time-series
Species of bacterium
macleodii is able to sustain Prochlorococcus cells undergoing chlorosis due to nutrient stress. During chlorosis, Prochlorococcus is unable to use its essential
Alteromonas_macleodii
Aspect of DNA testing
Vaulot D (March 1995). "Characterization of the single psbA gene of Prochlorococcus marinus CCMP 1375 (Prochlorophyta)". Plant Molecular Biology. 27 (6):
Microbial_DNA_barcoding
Trophic pathway in marine microbial ecosystems
ciliates) are actually selectively preyed upon by these copepods. In 1986, Prochlorococcus, which is found in high abundance in oligotrophic areas of the ocean
Microbial_loop
Gene found in various cyanobacteria
while the Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus cyanobacterial genera are closely related, kaiA is absent in Prochlorococcus species. Cyanobacteria lacking
KaiB
PMID 14621292. Rocap G, et al. (2003). "Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation". Nature. 424 (6952):
List of sequenced bacterial genomes
List_of_sequenced_bacterial_genomes
Genus of bacteria
bound to light-harvesting proteins. The other prochlorophytes are Prochlorococcus marinus, an open-ocean species, and Prochlorothrix hollandica, a filamentous
Prochloron
There are a few notable and well-known exceptions that include most Prochlorococcus and some Synechococcus that can only take up nitrogen as ammonium.
Marine_biogeochemical_cycles
Estimating waterborne bacteria abundance
major photosynthetic prokaryotes, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, enable their very distinction. Prochlorococcus contains divynyl-chlorophylls a and
Bacterioplankton counting methods
Bacterioplankton_counting_methods
Clade of eukaryotes
on eukaryotic (Ostreococcus tauri) and prokaryotic picoautotrophs (Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus)". Environmental Microbiology. 7 (8): 1200–1210.
Jakobid
Examines sequence information from individual cells
"Single-cell genomics reveals hundreds of coexisting subpopulations in wild Prochlorococcus". Science. 344 (6182): 416–420. Bibcode:2014Sci...344..416K. doi:10
Single-cell_sequencing
Order of algae
reproduction. The Parmales actively feed on nanophytoplankton such as Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus and are one of the most important grazers on these
Parmales
Fraction of cyanobacteria between 0.2 and 2 μm
picocyanobacteria genera are represented primarily by Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus. Cyanobacteria Picoplankton Picoeukaryote Picozoa Plankton § Size groups
Picocyanobacteria
Carbon capture process in oceans
2–2 μm in diameter)—which include taxa such as cyanobacteria (e.g., Prochlorococcus spp. and Synechococcus spp.) and prasinophytes (various genera of eukaryotes
Biological_pump
Family of non-coding RNAs
divided into two subgroups, one found in marine cyanobacteria (e.g. the Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus genera) and the other from freshwater cyanobacteria
Yfr2
studied in the bacterium Escherichia coli. The marine cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus also appear to have an E. coli-like SOS system for
Bacterial_stress_response
American marine biologist (born 1971)
of coexisting Prochlorococcus ecotypes." Nature 393, no. 6684 (1998). Rocap, Gabrielle et al. "Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects
Gabrielle_Rocap
Microbiologist
Erik R.; Chisholm, Sallie W. (August 2003). "Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation". Nature. 424 (6952):
Debbie_Lindell
Bacteria and archaea producing ammonia
Plectonema). Some cyanobacteria, including the highly abundant marine taxa Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus do not fix nitrogen, whilst other marine cyanobacteria
Diazotroph
Canadian biological oceanographer (born 1952)
very small red-autofluorescing cells in the ocean, later shown to be Prochlorococcus. Li affirmed these findings by shipboard flow cytometric sorting of
William_Li_(oceanographer)
Genus of marine protists
high populations of picophytoplankton, specifically the cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus. It was initially hypothesized that these were the
Symbiomonas
Genus of single-celled organisms
clade that consist of the living members of the cyanobacteria genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus "marine clade", was permanently established within
Paulinella
Organelle-like structure in bacteria with a protein shell containing enzymes
Cheryl (2015). "Advances in Understanding Carboxysome Assembly in Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus Implicate CsoS2 as a Critical Component". Life. 5
Bacterial_microcompartment
Influence of viruses and viral infections on human history
Sullivan MB, Coleman ML, Weigele P, Rohwer F, Chisholm SW (2005). "Three Prochlorococcus cyanophage genomes: signature features and ecological interpretations"
Social_history_of_viruses
"Single-Cell Genomics Reveals Hundreds of Coexisting Subpopulations in Wild Prochlorococcus". Science. 344 (6182): 416–420. Bibcode:2014Sci...344..416K. doi:10
Multiple displacement amplification
Multiple_displacement_amplification
Surname list
Chisholm (born 1947), scientist who discovered the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus Shirley Chisholm (1924–2005), politician Thomas Chisholm (songwriter)
Chisholm_(surname)
Any life form too small for the naked human eye to see that lives in a marine environment
animal and plant species. The tiny (0.6 μm) marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, discovered in 1986, forms today an important part of the base of the
Marine_microorganisms
Evolution
again in the amoeboid Paulinella with a cyanobacterium in the genus Prochlorococcus. This independently evolved photosynthetic organelle is often called
Plastid_evolution
This enzyme, from a cyanophage infecting oceanic cyanobacteria of the Prochlorococcus genus carries out in one step the reduction of biliverdin to (3Z)-phycoerythrobilin
Phycoerythrobilin_synthase
American microbial biologist and oceanographer
of Technology to develop a computer model to study the survival of Prochlorococcus, an abundant photosynthetic microbe. In 2019, Karl stepped down as
David_Karl
RNA family
disjoint groups of cyanobacteria (Gloeobacter and a clade containing Prochlorococcus and many Synechococcus), and iii) some members of the betaproteobacteria
Transfer-messenger_RNA
Enzyme family
cosubstrate oxygen. A similar conformational change has been observed for Prochlorococcus marinus ADO (PDB: 4PGI), in which residues 154-165 on helix 5 are
Aldehyde deformylating oxygenase
Aldehyde_deformylating_oxygenase
Potential biological pathway for atmospheric methane production
John R.; Karl, David M. (July 2019). "Methylphosphonate Oxidation in Prochlorococcus Strain MIT9301 Supports Phosphate Acquisition, Formate Excretion, and
Aerobic_methane_production
heterooctamer of a dark-operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase from Prochlorococcus marinus. Identifiers EC no. 1.3.7.7 Databases IntEnz IntEnz view BRENDA
Protochlorophyllide_reductase
Gene found in cyanobacteria
younger clades than Prochlorococcus. Thus kaiA genes most likely arrived after the speciation of Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, about 1,051 ± 1,16
KaiA
Form and structure of a phylum
3390/jmse11101903. ISSN 2077-1312. Partensky, F.; Hess, W. R.; Vaulot, D. (1999). "Prochlorococcus , a Marine Photosynthetic Prokaryote of Global Significance". Microbiology
Cyanobacterial_morphology
Geographically located ocean measurement site
during, and after the Blob event. Before the Blob was in full effect, prochlorococcus was found in higher amounts when usually it's not abundant in waters
Station P (ocean measurement site)
Station_P_(ocean_measurement_site)
of both seamounts are primarily composed of small cells. In winter, Prochlorococcus-2 existed on both seamounts. The Seine region is in close proximity
Seamount microbial communities
Seamount_microbial_communities
Genus of single-celled organisms
Florenciella (Dichtyochophyceae), a mixotrophic nanoflagellate that consumes Prochlorococcus and other bacteria". Limnology and Oceanography. 66 (1): 47–60. Bibcode:2021LimOc
Florenciella_(alga)
Organism that uses light for energy but needs nutrients from elsewhere
heterotrophs in nutrient-limited environments like Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus), 2) aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacteria (AAP; employing
Photoheterotroph
Marine bacteria and marine archaea
a species of Synechococcus The tiny (0.6 μm) marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, discovered in 1986, forms today an important part of the base of the
Marine_prokaryotes
novel type of lycopene epsilon-cyclase in the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus MED4". Archives of Microbiology. 179 (6): 409–15. doi:10
Lycopene_epsilon-cyclase
RNA family
MB, Coleman ML, Weigele P, Rohwer F, Chisholm SW (May 2005). "Three Prochlorococcus cyanophage genomes: signature features and ecological interpretations"
WcaG_RNA_motif
Bacterial microcompartment containing the enzyme RuBisCo
(March 2015). "Advances in Understanding Carboxysome Assembly in Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus Implicate CsoS2 as a Critical Component". Life. 5
Carboxysome
Theory connecting gene loss in microbial communities to natural selection
(May 2011). "The Helper Phenotype: A Symbiotic Interaction Between Prochlorococcus and Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Microorganisms". Doctoral Dissertations
Black_Queen_hypothesis
Spanish environmental award
ISSN 2013-410X. Chisholm, Sallie W. (2014). "Margalef's mandala, Prochlorococcus, and geoengineering". Contributions to Science (10): 7–15. doi:10.2436/20
Ramon Margalef Prize in Ecology
Ramon_Margalef_Prize_in_Ecology
Glutamine-binding RNA structure
as a cis-regulatory element in control of nitrogen metabolism, the Prochlorococcus marinus gene designed as PMT1479 was more repressed than another other
Glutamine_riboswitch
Variant prokaryotic strains with unusual properties
ruminicola biovar 3, synonym for Prevotella bryantii Prochlorococcus marinus bv. HNLC1 Prochlorococcus marinus bv. HNLC2 Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar B
Biovar
pollution is harming the growth, photosynthesis and oxygen production of Prochlorococcus, the ocean's most abundant photosynthetic bacteria, responsible for
2019_in_science
Alternative respiratory strategies in hypoxic waters
These small concentrations of O2 can be supplied by photosynthesis by Prochlorococcus spp. or by horizontal mixing by jets and eddies. In anoxic environments
Microbiology of oxygen minimum zones
Microbiology_of_oxygen_minimum_zones
RNA family
MB, Coleman ML, Weigele P, Rohwer F, Chisholm SW (May 2005). "Three Prochlorococcus cyanophage genomes: signature features and ecological interpretations"
ManA_RNA_motif
System of taxonomy of algae
Stigonematales (e.g., Stigonema) Class Prochlorophyceae (e.g., Prochloron, Prochlorococcus, Prochlorothrix) Class Glaucophyceae (e.g., Cyanophora, Glaucocystis)
Hoek,_Mann_and_Jahns_system
Ocean regions with little phytoplankton
regions. Common picoplankton within these regions include genera such as prochlorococcus (not generally found in the North Pacific), synechococcus, and various
High-nutrient, low-chlorophyll regions
High-nutrient,_low-chlorophyll_regions
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
Boy/Male
English
Speannan.
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Adept Expert
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Belding.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Absorbed in the Spirit
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
True Immortalizing Nectar
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Lotus of the Water
Girl/Female
French, German
Spear Ruler
Female
English
Modern English name derived from the country name which was derived from the name of a mountain, probably from Kiinyaa, the Wakamba tribe's name for the mountain, KENYA means "mountain of the ostrich," because the mountain is said to have certain features of the ostrich when it is snow-covered. Compare with masculine Kenya.
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Love; The One who Loves the Lord
Female
English
Elaborated form of English Anitra, ANNITRA means "favor; grace."
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS
PROCHLOROCOCCUS