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Trophic pathway in marine microbial ecosystems
The microbial loop describes a trophic pathway where, in aquatic systems, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is returned to higher trophic levels via its incorporation
Microbial_loop
Organisms living in water or air that drift in the current or wind
again as food by other plankton through processes such as the mycoloop, microbial loop and viral shunt. Microscopic plankton, smaller than about one millimetre
Plankton
Biological food web
such as primary production, grazing, decomposition, the microbial loop, and viral lysis. Microbial food webs play a central role in global carbon, nitrogen
Microbial_food_web
Mechanism that maintains marine microbial diversity
stimulate microbial growth. As much as 25% of the primary production from phytoplankton in the global oceans may be recycled within the microbial loop through
Viral_shunt
Carbon capture process in oceans
(DOC) and ammonium than omnivorous diets. The microbial loop describes a trophic pathway in the marine microbial food web where dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
Biological_pump
Layer where the density gradient is greatest within a body of water
at other surface layers. The microbial loop is a trophic pathway in the marine microbial food web. The term "microbial loop" was coined by Azam et al. (1983)
Pycnocline
Marine consumer-resource system
ocean. The second central process in the marine food web is the microbial loop. This loop degrades marine bacteria and archaea, remineralises organic and
Marine_food_web
Microscopic living organism
single-celled form or as a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from antiquity, with an early attestation in Jain literature
Microorganism
describe organic matter cycling and transformation in the ocean. The microbial loop emphasized the role of bacteria and archaea in recycling dissolved organic
Microbial_carbon_pump
Viruses found in marine environments
stimulates microbial growth. As much as 25% of the primary production from phytoplankton in the global oceans may be recycled within the microbial loop through
Marine_viruses
Geographically located ocean measurement site
productivity. In regions where BCD:NPP is low, such as at OSP, the microbial loop has been determined to be "malfunctioning" by some researchers. This
Station P (ocean measurement site)
Station_P_(ocean_measurement_site)
Natural processes of carbon exchange
they impact the material cycles and energy flows of food webs and the microbial loop. The average contribution of viruses to the Earth ecosystem carbon cycle
Carbon_cycle
Emission of light by a living organism
bioluminescent bacteria in a light bulb. In 2011, Philips demonstrated a microbial system for ambience lighting in the home. An iGEM team from Cambridge
Bioluminescence
Any life form too small for the naked human eye to see that lives in a marine environment
Microbes Marine microbial symbiosis Microbial biogeography Microbial communities Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial loop Microbial oxidation of
Marine_microorganisms
Microbial community assemblage and activity
defined more precisely in 1988 by Whipps et al. as "a characteristic microbial community occupying a reasonably well-defined habitat which has distinct
Microbiome
Wetland sites designated to have international importance by the Ramsar Convention
science Hydrobiology Hypoxia Macrobenthos Meiobenthos Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial loop Mycoloop Nekton Neuston Particle Pelagic zone Photic
Ramsar_site
Organic carbon classification
and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle through the microbial loop. In some organisms (stages) that do not feed in the traditional sense
Dissolved_organic_carbon
Species of fungi that live in marine or estuarine environments
serving as a food source for zooplankton and other microorganisms in the microbial loop, marine planktonic fungi (and ocean pelagic fungi) play other, often
Marine_fungi
Groups of bacteria living symbiotically
A microbial consortium or microbial community, is two or more bacterial or microbial groups living symbiotically. Consortiums can be endosymbiotic or ectosymbiotic
Microbial_consortium
Shower of organic detritus in the ocean
residing on them are constantly respiring and contribute greatly to the microbial loop. Aggregates begin as the colloidal fraction, which typically contains
Marine_snow
Trophic pathway in aquatic food webs
particulate and dissolved organic carbon, they can affect bacteria and the microbial loop. These processes may modify marine snow chemical composition and the
Mycoloop
Uppermost layer of a sea water column that is exposed to sunlight
[citation needed] "Detritivores and scavengers are rare in the photic zone. Microbial decomposition of dead organisms begins here and continues once the bodies
Photic_zone
International treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands
science Hydrobiology Hypoxia Macrobenthos Meiobenthos Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial loop Mycoloop Nekton Neuston Particle Pelagic zone Photic
Ramsar_Convention
Fungal members of the plankton communities of aquatic ecosystems
Earth's oceans in which Mycoplankton play a role. They are a part of the microbial loop and other forms of nutrient cycling, including the mycoplankton specific
Mycoplankton
Fraction of plankton between 0.2 and 2 μm
Picoplankton also form the base of aquatic microbial food webs and are an energy source in the microbial loop. All trophic levels in a marine food web are
Picoplankton
Groups of microorganisms living within and at the interfaces of sea ice
ice ranges from 104-108 cells/mL. These microbial communities play a significant role in the microbial loop as well as in global biogeochemical cycles
Sea_ice_microbial_communities
Type of ecosystem
for use in the water column. This regeneration cycle is known as the microbial loop and is a key component of lentic food webs. The decomposition of organic
Lake_ecosystem
Set of processes exchanging nutrients between parts of a system
or loop is defined as "a directed sequence of one or more links starting from, and ending at, the same species." An example of this is the microbial food
Nutrient_cycle
in waste detrital production. This waste is hypothesized to fuel the microbial loop, resulting in an increase in microzooplankton such as the copepod Limnoithona
Ecology of the San Francisco Estuary
Ecology_of_the_San_Francisco_Estuary
Solid carbon stored in global soils
This includes both soil organic matter, derived from plant, animal, and microbial tissues, and inorganic carbon as carbonate minerals. Soil carbon contributes
Soil_carbon
Low-oxygen areas in coastal zones and lakes caused by eutrophication
concentrations are below 0.5 mg l−1 O2. In severe anoxic conditions, microbial life may experience dramatic shifts in community identity as well, resulting
Dead_zone_(ecology)
Heterotrophic protistan or metazoan members of the plankton ecosystem
dissolved organic matter (DOM) which controls DOM cycling and supports the microbial loop. Absorption efficiency, respiration, and prey size all further complicate
Zooplankton
Ecosystem in a body of water
factors without rather large experiments. There may be complicated feedback loops. For example, sediment may determine the presence of aquatic plants, but
Aquatic_ecosystem
Autotrophic members of the plankton ecosystem
(21 January 2022). "From webs, loops, shunts, and pumps to microbial multitasking: Evolving concepts of marine microbial ecology, the mixoplankton paradigm
Phytoplankton
Non-native organism causing damage to an established environment
Lithotrophy Marine Microbial cooperation Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial intelligence Microbial loop Mycoloop Microbial mat Microbial metabolism
Invasive_species
Study of the relationship of microorganisms with their environment
Microbial ecology (or environmental microbiology) is a discipline where the interaction of microorganisms and their environment are studied. Microorganisms
Microbial_ecology
Undersea unicellular organisms
The hydrothermal vent microbial community includes all unicellular organisms that live and reproduce in a chemically distinct area around hydrothermal
Hydrothermal vent microbial communities
Hydrothermal_vent_microbial_communities
Pakistani professor, researcher, marine biologist
coined the term microbial loop. This 1983 paper involved a synthesis between a number of leaders in the (then) young field of microbial ecology, specifically
Farooq_Azam
Science of inland aquatic ecosystems
material). Carbon sources from within the system, such as algae and the microbial breakdown of aquatic particulate organic carbon, are autochthonous. In
Limnology
Biogeochemical cycle
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Ozone–oxygen_cycle
Series of interconnected biochemical reactions
Biological pump Martin curve Solubility pump Lipid pump Marine snow Microbial loop Microbial carbon pump Viral shunt Jelly pump Whale pump Continental shelf
C3_carbon_fixation
Lithotrophy Marine Microbial cooperation Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial intelligence Microbial loop Mycoloop Microbial mat Microbial metabolism
Sustainable_gardening
Invertebrates and vertebrates living in soil
nutrition. Although difficult to verify experimentally, Clarholm's microbial loop hypothesis explained how the growth of roots, when exploring a new environment
Soil_animals
Major circulating ecosystem of ocean currents
region, and it is now well documented that the NPSG is a “microbial ecosystem”. Microbial organisms make up the majority of the primary producers in
Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Ecosystem_of_the_North_Pacific_Subtropical_Gyre
Microscopic algae
hypothesis Microbial consortium Microbial cooperation Microbial biodegradation Microbial ecology Microbial cyst Microbial food web microbial loop viral shunt
Microalgae
Accumulation of nutrients in water
By trophic mode Phytoplankton Zooplankton Mixoplankton Decomposition microbial loop mycoloop viral shunt Other groups Gelatinous zooplankton Holoplankton
Eutrophication
Biogeochemical cycle for movement of water on Earth
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Water_cycle
Geochemical transformation of silicate rocks
weathering. These acids are secreted by root and mycorrhizal fungi, as well as microbial plant decay. Root respiration and oxidation of organic soil matter also
Carbonate–silicate_cycle
Boundary layer where all exchange occurs between the atmosphere and the ocean
viruses in the SML might directly interfere with the microbial loop being initiated when DOM is microbially recycled, converted into biomass, and passed along
Sea_surface_microlayer
follows: Microbial cooperation Microbial consortium Microbial food web Microbial intelligence Microbial loop Microbial Population Biology Phage meetings
Microbial_population_biology
Biological oxidation of ammonia/ammonium to nitrate
agricultural chemists working in Paris, proved that nitrification is indeed microbially mediated process by the experiments with liquid sewage and artificial
Nitrification
Tiny lifeforms floating and drifting in the air, carried by the wind
found everywhere in the atmosphere, reaching concentration up to 106 microbial cells per cubic metre. Processes such as aerosolization and wind transport
Aeroplankton
Conversion of dinitrogen into ammonia
glutamate through the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase pathway. The microbial nif genes required for nitrogen fixation are widely distributed in diverse
Nitrogen_fixation
Excrement of whales and its role in the ecology of the oceans
supports fish populations. Whales, along with krill, form a positive feedback loop, where their populations contribute to the recycling of iron, further boosting
Whale_feces
Biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into various chemical forms
ammonification have a positive correlation with organic nitrogen in the soil, soil microbial biomass, and average annual precipitation. They also respond closely to
Nitrogen_cycle
Luminous phenomenon in the ocean
Mincer, Tracy; Amaral-Zettler, Linda (2013). "Life in the "Plastisphere": Microbial Communities on Plastic Marine Debris" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology
Milky_seas_effect
Study of microorganisms in soil
feeding on humus particles. In the rhizosphere protozoa are involved in a microbial loop, a positive feedback process involving growing roots, their exudates
Soil_microbiology
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Lithium_cycle
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Zinc_cycle
Sum of the inorganic carbon species
Biological pump Martin curve Solubility pump Lipid pump Marine snow Microbial loop Microbial carbon pump Viral shunt Jelly pump Whale pump Continental shelf
Total_inorganic_carbon
Depth in the oceans below which no calcium carbonate sediment particles are preserved
Biological pump Martin curve Solubility pump Lipid pump Marine snow Microbial loop Microbial carbon pump Viral shunt Jelly pump Whale pump Continental shelf
Carbonate_compensation_depth
Bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column
their surroundings. These heterotrophs also play a key role in the microbial loop and the remineralization of organic compounds like carbon and nitrogen
Bacterioplankton
Zone in which oxygen saturation in seawater in the ocean is at its lowest
This "rain" of organic matter (see the biological pump) feeds the microbial loop and may lead to bacterial blooms in water below the euphotic zone due
Oxygen_minimum_zone
Phylum of photosynthesising prokaryotes
are the filamentous species, which often dominate the upper layers of microbial mats found in extreme environments such as hot springs, hypersaline water
Cyanobacteria
Process of soil formation
and in last turn root growth, a positive feedback called the soil microbial loop. Out of root influence, in the bulk soil most bacteria are in a quiescent
Soil_formation
Oxidation of organic compounds within an ecosystem
1038/nature11205. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 22722862. S2CID 4422427. Robinson, C. (2019) "Microbial respiration, the engine of ocean deoxygenation". Frontiers in Marine Science
Ecosystem_respiration
Chemical ratio in organic materials
the total organic carbon produced is degraded in the deep ocean. The microbial communities utilizing the sinking organic carbon as an energy source,
Carbon-to-nitrogen_ratio
Microbial symbiosis in marine animals was not discovered until 1981. In the time following, symbiotic relationships between marine invertebrates and chemoautotrophic
Marine_microbial_symbiosis
Part of the pelagic zone
microbes in recycling organic matter from the surface ocean, known as the microbial loop. These microbes can get their energy from different metabolic pathways
Mesopelagic_zone
Marine synthesis of organic compounds
active nitrogen compounds. The marine nitrogen cycle consists of complex microbial transformations which include the fixation of nitrogen, its assimilation
Marine_primary_production
Organism that can live in an environment that offers very low levels of nutrients
thin distribution of heterotrophic and autotrophic microorganisms. The microbial loop plays a big role in cycling nutrients and energy within this lake, despite
Oligotroph
Picoplanktonic eukaryotic organisms 3.0 μm or less in size
Picozoa Moreira, D.; P. Lopez-Garcia (2002). "The molecular ecology of microbial eukaryotes unveils a hidden world". Trends in Microbiology. 10 (1): 31–38
Picoeukaryote
Biogeochemical cycle of sulfur
cofactors, and sulfur compounds can be used as oxidants or reductants in microbial respiration. The global sulfur cycle involves the transformations of sulfur
Sulfur_cycle
Hypothesised negative feedback loop linking marine biota and the climate
The CLAW hypothesis proposes a negative feedback loop that operates between ocean ecosystems and the Earth's climate. The hypothesis specifically proposes
CLAW_hypothesis
Protists that live in saltwater or brackish water
grazers and microzooplankton dominance is usually associated with the microbial loop and regenerated production; while mesozooplankton is associated with
Marine_protists
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Lead_cycle
Flow of energy through food chains in ecological energetics
of leaves is happening at different times, which is called a mosaic of microbial populations. Species effect and diversity in an ecosystem can be analyzed
Energy_flow_(ecology)
Community of microorganisms
animals, from simple life forms to humans, live in close association with microbial organisms. Several advances have driven the perception of microbiomes
Microbiota
Methane (CH4) in Earth's atmosphere
(NOAA) concluded that the recent methane growth primarily originated from microbial emissions with lighter isotopes such as wetland and agricultural emissions
Atmospheric_methane
Biological pump Martin curve Solubility pump Lipid pump Marine snow Microbial loop Microbial carbon pump Viral shunt Jelly pump Whale pump Continental shelf
Net_ecosystem_production
Genus of protozoans
contributes to the breakdown of organic matter in soil, contributing to the microbial loop. Because Acanthamoeba does not differ greatly at the ultrastructural
Acanthamoeba
Marine biology monitoring programming
By trophic mode Phytoplankton Zooplankton Mixoplankton Decomposition microbial loop mycoloop viral shunt Other groups Gelatinous zooplankton Holoplankton
Continuous_Plankton_Recorder
Ecological theory
Lithotrophy Marine Microbial cooperation Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial intelligence Microbial loop Mycoloop Microbial mat Microbial metabolism
Mesopredator release hypothesis
Mesopredator_release_hypothesis
Movement of carbon through Earth's mantle and core
Biological pump Martin curve Solubility pump Lipid pump Marine snow Microbial loop Microbial carbon pump Viral shunt Jelly pump Whale pump Continental shelf
Deep_carbon_cycle
Science of life and life processes in water
is paid to biotic interactions in plankton assemblage including the microbial loop, the mechanism of influencing algal blooms, phosphorus load, and lake
Hydrobiology
Phylum of single-celled organisms
By trophic mode Phytoplankton Zooplankton Mixoplankton Decomposition microbial loop mycoloop viral shunt Other groups Gelatinous zooplankton Holoplankton
Radiolaria
Tool used by microbiologists
from a microbial culture, e.g. for streaking on a culture plate. This process is called inoculation. The tool consists of a thin handle with a loop about
Inoculation_loop
Biogeochemical cycle
phosphorus in soils reduces plant growth and slows soil microbial growth, as shown in studies of soil microbial biomass. Soil microorganisms act as both sinks
Phosphorus_cycle
Study of chemical cycles of the earth related to biological activity
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Biogeochemistry
High water levels caused by melting snow and ice
doi:10.1023/a:1017035507856. Meyer, J.L. (1994). "The microbial loop in flowing waters". Microbial Ecology. 28 (2): 195–199. Bibcode:1994MicEc..28..195M
Freshet
Family of viruses
nitrogen and phosphorus into the water, providing nutrients for the microbial loop. Group: double-stranded DNA Order: Algavirales Family: Phycodnaviridae
Phycodnaviridae
Hydrogen exchange between the living and non-living world
hydrogen cycle is focused on molecular hydrogen, H2. As a consequence of microbial metabolisms or naturally occurring rock-water interactions, hydrogen gas
Hydrogen_cycle
Ocean/atmosphere carbon exchange process
reduction, before burial in the seafloor. Degradation of POC also results in microbial methane production which is the main gas hydrate on the continental margins
Oceanic_carbon_cycle
Norwegian scientist (born 1946)
including the microbial loop. In 2009, Thingstad was awarded the prestigious ERC Advanced Investigators Grant to the project "MINOS" (MIcrobial Network OrganiSation)
Tron_Frede_Thingstad
Carbonate–silicate cycle Marine cycle Marine biogeochemical cycles Biological pump microbial loop viral shunt Calcareous ooze Siliceous ooze Methane cycle Atmospheric
Copper_cycle
Hypothesis about soil fungi
proteolytic enzyme potentials due to microbial activity, and symbioses between plants and fungi, the fungal loop hypothesis suggests that carbon and nutrients
Fungal_loop_hypothesis
Terrestrial ecosystem
change. While much research has been done on how plants, free-living microbial decomposers, and soil minerals affect this pool of carbon, it is recently
Mycorrhizal fungi and soil carbon storage
Mycorrhizal_fungi_and_soil_carbon_storage
Single-celled alga with a silica cell wall
recently. Prior to the Phanerozoic (before 544 Ma), it is believed that microbial or inorganic processes weakly regulated the ocean's silicon cycle. Subsequently
Diatom
Photosynthetic process in some plants
Biological pump Martin curve Solubility pump Lipid pump Marine snow Microbial loop Microbial carbon pump Viral shunt Jelly pump Whale pump Continental shelf
C4_carbon_fixation
Watershed terms and topics
science Hydrobiology Hypoxia Macrobenthos Meiobenthos Microbial ecology Microbial food web Microbial loop Mycoloop Nekton Neuston Particle Pelagic zone Photic
List_of_watershed_topics
MICROBIAL LOOP
MICROBIAL LOOP
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Spotted Deer; Name of a God; Loop Spotted Deer; Lord Krishna
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Natural; Original; Innate; Simply; Loop
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian
Loop; Autumn
MICROBIAL LOOP
MICROBIAL LOOP
Girl/Female
Anglo, Australian, Danish, Hebrew, Swedish
Little Warrior
Boy/Male
Tamil
Reshvanth | ரேஷà¯à®µà®‚த
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Moon
Boy/Male
Arabic, French, Gujarati, Indian, Kannada, Muslim, Sindhi
Glory; Excellent Quality; Proud
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Glory of the Gods
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Kind; Honesty; Lord Vishnu
Girl/Female
Muslim
Life. Vivaciousness. Living. Prosperous. Youngest wife of the Prophet Muhammad.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Flower, branch, a lock of hair.
Girl/Female
Indian
Bride, Happiness
Female
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, queen, from Old English cwen "queen," from Germanic kwen, QUEEN means "wife."
MICROBIAL LOOP
MICROBIAL LOOP
MICROBIAL LOOP
MICROBIAL LOOP
MICROBIAL LOOP
n.
A microscopic organism; -- particularly applied to bacteria and especially to pathogenic forms; as, the microbe of fowl cholera.
n.
A stick with a hole in one end through which passes a loop, which can be drawn tightly over the upper lip or an ear of a horse. By twisting the stick the compression is made sufficiently painful to keep the animal quiet during a slight surgical operation.
n.
A wooden pin tapering toward both ends with a groove around its middle, fixed transversely in the eye of a rope to be secured to any other loop or bight or ring; a kind of button or frog capable of being readily engaged and disengaged for temporary purposes.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or caused by, microbes; as, the microbian theory; a microbian disease.
a.
Bent, folded, or tied, so as to make a loop; as, a looped wire or string.
v. t.
To make a loop of or in; to fasten with a loop or loops; -- often with up; as, to loop a string; to loop up a curtain.
a.
Provided with loopholes.
n.
A small, narrow opening; a loophole.
n.
The metal loop which travels around the ring surrounding the bobbin, in a ring spinner.
n.
A loop or sleeve with a screw thread at one end and a swivel at the other, -- used for tightening a rod, stay, etc.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Loop.
n.
A curve of any kind in the form of a loop.
n.
Alt. of Microbion
a.
Of or pertaining to a microbe.
imp. & p. p.
of Loop
n.
A small narrow opening or window in a tower or fortified wall; a loophole.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Loop
n.
An instrument, as a bodkin, for forming a loop in yarn, a cord, etc.
n.
A weaver's cutting instrument; for severing the loops of the pile threads of velvet.