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Periodic optical nanostructure that affects the motion of photons
A photonic crystal is an optical nanostructure in which the refractive index changes periodically. This affects the propagation of light in the same way
Photonic_crystal
Class of optical fiber based on the properties of photonic crystals
Photonic-crystal fiber (PCF) is a class of optical fiber based on the properties of photonic crystals. It was first explored in 1996 at University of
Photonic-crystal_fiber
Nonlinear photonic crystals are usually used as quasi-phase-matching materials. They can be one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional. Broadly
Nonlinear_photonic_crystal
Kind of nanostructure
Photonic crystal sensors use photonic crystals: nanostructures composed of periodic arrangements of dielectric materials that interact with light depending
Photonic_crystal_sensor
Colour in living creatures caused by interference effects
is created by a range of photonic mechanisms, including diffraction gratings, selective mirrors, photonic crystals, crystal fibres, matrices of nanochannels
Structural_coloration
Software
Photonic Bands) is a free and open-source software package for electromagnetic analysis of periodic structures with an emphasis on photonic crystals.
MPB_(software)
Structure that repeats in time; a novel type or phase of non-equilibrium matter
In condensed matter physics, a time crystal is a quantum system of particles whose lowest-energy state is one in which the particles are in repetitive
Time_crystal
Technical applications of optics
bulk crystal modulators such as the Pockels cell, but also includes advanced imaging sensors. An important aspect in the modern definition of Photonics is
Photonics
waveguides. Optofluidic Photonic-crystal fibers (PCFs) are traditional PFCs modified with microfluidic techniques. Photonic-crystal fibers are a type of
Optofluidics
Probe which tests for biological molecules
modifications) in body fluids from patients affected by cancer or other diseases. Photonic biosensors with ultra-sensitivity are nowadays being developed at a research
Biosensor
Device that emits light via optical amplification
rp-photonics.com. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved July 22, 2023. Wu, X.; et al. (October 25, 2004). "Ultraviolet photonic crystal
Laser
Indian physicist and administrator
Indian physicist who specializes in Photonic Crystal and Metamaterial based Nanophotonic Devices, fiber optics and photonics. He served as Vice Chancellor of
Ravindra Kumar Sinha (physicist)
Ravindra_Kumar_Sinha_(physicist)
Optical Cavity
of the resonator is high. Nanophotonic resonators can be made with photonic crystals, silicon, diamond, or metals such as gold. For a laser in a nanocavity
Nanophotonic_resonator
Type of electromagnetic metamaterial
The subwavelength periodicity distinguishes photonic metamaterials from photonic band gap or photonic crystal structures. The cells are on a scale that
Photonic_metamaterial
Optical systems with two stable output states for the same input
atomic vapors, semiconductors, optical fibers, silicon microrings, photonic-crystal nanocavities, exciton–polariton microcavities, optomechanical resonators
Optical_bistability
Technique in computational electromagnetism
popular among the photonic crystal community as a method of solving for the band structure (dispersion relation) of specific photonic crystal geometries. PWE
Plane_wave_expansion_method
Physical structure guiding light waves
propagation) or as photonic crystal waveguides (with a 2D or 3D patterning). Optical waveguides find their most important application in photonics. Configuring
Waveguide_(optics)
British physicist
research covers "photonics and new materials", in particular the examination of new optical materials, especially of photonic crystal fibres, and more
Philip_Russell_(physicist)
State of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals
Liquid crystal lasers use a liquid crystal in the lasing medium as a distributed feedback mechanism instead of external mirrors. Emission at a photonic bandgap
Liquid_crystal
American engineer, researcher and academic
did significant work on photonic crystal label-free biosensors. He was the first to demonstrate the use of photonic crystal optical resonators for label-free
Brian_T._Cunningham
Species of beetle
with golden reflections is a structural colour. It is created by the photonic crystal structure of its chitin scales. This species occurs in Brazil, Paraguay
Lamprocyphus_augustus
Software for electromagnetic simulations
adopted by optics and photonics communities, with applications including the analysis and design of metalenses and photonic crystals. Free software portal
Meep_(software)
Computer that uses photons or light waves
network Photonic crystal § Applications Photonic integrated circuit Photonic molecule Photonic transistor Programmable photonics Silicon photonics Unconventional
Optical_computing
Light-conducting fiber
total internal reflection. The first photonic crystal fibers became commercially available in 2000. Photonic crystal fibers can carry higher power than
Optical_fiber
Number of available physical states per energy unit
techniques. Different photonic structures have different LDOS behaviors with different consequences for spontaneous emission. In photonic crystals, near-zero LDOS
Density_of_states
Type of laser
theoretically with cholesteric liquid crystals in 1978, achieved experimentally in 1980, and explained in terms of a photonic band gap in 1998. A United States
Liquid-crystal_laser
Taiwanese American scientist (born 1959)
educator who made pioneering contributions to the field of photonics and photonic crystals. He authored more than 250 technical papers. After graduating
Shawn_Yu_Lin
Laser that has nanoscale dimensions
decades. In the 1990s, some intriguing designs of microdisk laser and photonic crystal laser were demonstrated to have cavity size or energy volume with micro-/nano-
Nanolaser
Structure used in waveguides
of a 1D photonic crystal. It has a complete TE band gap, but only a pseudo TM band gap. Bio-inspired Bragg reflectors are 1D photonic crystals inspired
Distributed_Bragg_reflector
Quantum phenomenon
Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a 2D Photonic Crystal, Physical Review Letters 95 013904 (2005) P. Lodahl, A. F. van Driel
Purcell_effect
"Excitation of Orbital Angular Momentum Resonances in Helically Twisted Photonic Crystal Fiber". Science. 337 (6093): 446–449. Bibcode:2012Sci...337..446W.
Comparison of EM simulation software
Comparison_of_EM_simulation_software
(integer) quantum Hall states can be realized in nonreciprocal magnetic photonic crystals. This prediction was first realized in 2009 in the microwave frequency
Photonic topological insulator
Photonic_topological_insulator
Phenomenon in optics
not remain guided, and have been observed in one and two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs. An example of guided-mode resonance is a grating coupler, which
Guided-mode_resonance
Special state of wave and quantum systems in physics
O. & Fan, S. Displacement-sensitive photonic crystal structures based on guided resonance in photonic crystal slabs. Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 1999—2001
Bound_state_in_the_continuum
Physics theory
coupled resonators. In optics, such systems include laser cavities, photonic crystal slabs, metamaterials, and ring resonators. Coupled mode theory first
Coupled_mode_theory
American physicist
the field of photonic crystals in 1987. He and his team were the first to create a 3-dimensional structure that exhibited a full photonic bandgap, which
Eli_Yablonovitch
British physicist (born 1964)
"For the invention and realisation of photonic crystal fibres." For pioneering development of the photonic crystal fiber and particularly its application
Jonathan_C._Knight
American mathematician (born 1973)
library for software-based fast Fourier transforms and for his work on photonic crystals. He is professor of Applied Mathematics at MIT where he leads a group
Steven_G._Johnson
Ordered array of colloidal particles
a colloidal crystal depend on composition, particle size, packing arrangement, and degree of regularity. Applications include photonics, materials processing
Colloidal_crystal
Species of beetle
appropriately by the I-WP photonic crystal. Although described mathematically in 1970, this is the first time this kind of photonic crystal structure has been
Sternotomis_callais
Direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons
[citation needed] Photonic crystals allow precise control of electromagnetic wave properties. These materials give rise to the photonic bandgap (PBG). In
Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic_energy_conversion
a photonic crystal structure that has an inverse cylindrical holes[clarification needed] arranged in a diamond lattice. It was the first 3D photonic crystal
Yablonovite
Indian-American engineer
pioneering contributions to the fields of Organic LEDs, transistors, and Photonic Crystal Lasers. He has also worked on chemical sensors and Nano-Optics. His
Ananth_Dodabalapur
German physicist and engineer
contributed to a wide range of topics in photonics including quantum dot light emission in photonic crystals, solid-state quantum memories in nitrogen-vacancy
Dirk_Englund
waveguide gratings. Photonic crystals are non-conducting materials that reflect various wavelengths of light almost perfectly. Such a crystal can be referred
Microphotonics
Physics institute in Erlangen, Germany
Erlangen. The division investigates new optical materials, especially photonic crystal fibers. [2] The theory division is headed by Florian Marquardt. The
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light
Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Science_of_Light
Infinitely connected triply periodic minimal surface
cells. Gyroid structures have photonic band gaps that make them potential photonic crystals. Single gyroid photonic crystals have been observed in biological
Gyroid
Medium through which electromagnetic waves propagate
Electromagnetic radiation Optics SI units Free space Metamaterial Photonic crystal Photonic crystal fiber With ISO 31-5, NIST and the BIPM have adopted the notation
Optical_medium
Type of optical fiber waveguide
of term "photonic crystal fiber", the term is reserved for those fibers where propagation occurs within a photonic defect or due to photonic bandgap effect
Microstructured_optical_fiber
Fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles
hdl:2072/445790. ISSN 0017-9310. S2CID 126074065. Magnetically responsive photonic crystals nanofluid (video) produced by Nanos scientificae Khashi'ie, Najiyah
Nanofluid
Type of graph in mathematics and physics
as model systems in quantum chaos, in the study of waveguides, in photonic crystals and in Anderson localization, or as a limit on shrinking thin wires
Quantum_graph
Singularities in the parameter space
been demonstrated experimentally in numerous photonic systems such as microcavities and photonic crystals. The first demonstration of exceptional points
Exceptional_point
Family of reptiles
contains small guanine crystals in a triangular photonic crystal lattice, and the deeper layer (D-iridophores) contains larger crystals that broadly reflect
Chameleon
Materials engineered to have properties that have not yet been found in nature
resonators. Photonic metamaterials are structured on the nanometer scale and manipulate light at optical frequencies. Photonic crystals and frequency-selective
Metamaterial
Concept in optics
conventional silica fibre. A solution appeared with the invention of photonic-crystal fibers (PCF) in 1996 by Knight et al. The properties of PCFs are discussed
Supercontinuum
Danish physicist
nanotechnology, including mesoscopic physics, nanofluidics, photonic-crystal fibers, slow light photonic crystals, and plasmonics. He is known for his contributions
N._Asger_Mortensen
Indian scientist and engineer
Agrawal was awarded a Royal Society Postdoctoral Fellowship to study photonic crystal fibers at the City, University of London; she then spent almost a decade
Arti_Agrawal
Genus of beetles
orange coloration of this subspecies arises from a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure within the scales, which acts as a selective reflector for
Pachyrhynchus
known for his work in the field of photonic crystals, where he made the first demonstration of two-dimensional photonic band-gap effects at optical wavelengths
Thomas_F_Krauss
Journal
covers research in experiment, theory, and applications of photonic crystals and photonic band gaps. Additionally, the journal focuses on topics concerning
Photonics and Nanostructures: Fundamentals and Applications
Photonics_and_Nanostructures:_Fundamentals_and_Applications
Electromagnetic radiation from a charged particle in a medium
Smith–Purcell effect. In a more complex periodic medium, such as a photonic crystal, one can also obtain a variety of other anomalous Cherenkov effects
Cherenkov_radiation
Physicist
and Canada Research Chair holder. He is known for his discovery of photonic crystals. He received his bachelor's degree in physics in 1979 from the Massachusetts
Sajeev_John
Hydrated amorphous form of silica
thicknesses of the opal. This is the basis of the optical band gap in a photonic crystal. In addition, microfractures may be filled with secondary silica and
Opal
Material designed to manipulate sound waves
waves. Acoustic metamaterials or phononic crystals can be understood as the acoustic analog of photonic crystals: instead of electromagnetic waves (photons)
Acoustic_metamaterial
Spanish photonics engineer
also include topological photonics, quantum optics, nanophotonics, photonic crystals, and slow light. Blanco-Redondo earned a master's degree in electrical
Andrea_Blanco-Redondo
Type of crystal
is a photonic crystal in which an entering beam of light will lead to an extremely large angular dispersion. The ability of the photonic crystal to send
Superprism
American academic (born 1972)
2021. Fan's research areas include nanophotonics, photonic crystals, metamaterials, topological photonics, plasmonics, solar cells. As of 2019[update], Fan
Shanhui_Fan
Energy range in a solid where no electron states exist
known as a photonic crystal. The concept of hyperuniformity has broadened the range of photonic band gap materials, beyond photonic crystals. By applying
Band_gap
As a straightforward solution tapered fibers and holey fibers or photonic crystal fibers (PCF) were produced. Essentially they replace the cladding by
Zero-dispersion_wavelength
Optical property
was later found that iridescence in the peacock is due to a complex photonic crystal. Pearlescence is an effect related to iridescence and has a similar
Iridescence
Model in quantum optics
coincides with a strong field inside the cavity. A quantum dot inside a photonic crystal nano-cavity is also a promising system for observing collapse and revival
Jaynes–Cummings_model
Long-chain polymer of a N-acetylglucosamine
chitin is organized into stacks of gyroids constructed of chitin photonic crystals that produce various iridescent colors serving phenotypic signaling
Chitin
American electrical engineer and inventor
patents. He was the first to reduce pass-bands and stop-bands in photonic crystals to practice. Weiner was the founder-chairman of the Motor Vehicle
Melvin_M._Weiner
Device that switches or amplifies optical signals
An optical transistor, also known as photonic transistor, optical switch or light valve, is a device that switches or amplifies optical signals. Light
Optical_transistor
Crystals used in fiber optics
Optic crystals are crystals that can be used to direct a beam of light. Optic crystals can work as directional guides to the light in photonic devices
Optic_crystals
Ancient glass
patina. Ancient Rome portal Ancient glass trade Diffraction grating Photonic crystal Speyer wine bottle Fleming, S. J. (1999). Roman Glass; reflections
Roman_glass
Structure that guides waves efficiently
optical fiber. Other types of optical waveguide are also used, including photonic-crystal fiber, which guides waves by any of several distinct mechanisms. Guides
Waveguide
responsible for Bragg scattering, which underlies the physics of photonic crystals, another class of electromagnetic materials. Unlike the local resonances
Electromagnetic_metamaterial
Optical filter
and are a 2-dimensional analog of the new periodic volumes known as photonic crystals. Many factors are involved in understanding the operation and application
Frequency_selective_surface
Topics referred to by the same term
electrostatic charge Petacoulomb (PC), a unit of electrostatic charge Photonic crystal, a photonic band gap material Pc (space group), three-dimensional space group
PC
External features of butterflies and moths
structural coloration is the result of coherent scattering of light by the photonic crystal nature of the scales. The specialised scales that provide structural
External morphology of Lepidoptera
External_morphology_of_Lepidoptera
Physical process of transition between basic states of matter
Eds. Zhou, W., and Fan. S., Semiconductors and Semimetals. Vol 100. Photonic Crystal Metasurface Optoelectronics Archived 25 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine
Phase_transition
Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for leadership in the development of photonic crystals and applications. "2013 elevated fellow" (PDF). IEEE Fellows Directory
Masaya_Notomi
American physicist (1947–2025)
transition-metal, molecular, and photonic band-gap materials". MIT Libraries. Retrieved August 20, 2025. Fan, Shanhui. "Photonic crystals : theory and device applications"
John_Joannopoulos
Type of field where the net flow of electromagnetic energy is zero
EM waves. Recently, a graphene-based Bragg grating (one-dimensional photonic crystal) has been fabricated and demonstrated its competence for excitation
Evanescent_field
American theoretical physicist (born 1945)
mentions that he was unable to directly model the optical fiber or photonic crystal which bends the light's path as it travels through it, so the light
Ronald_Mallett
silica wire, subwavelength diameter fibre taper, (photonic) wire waveguide, photonic wire, photonic nanowire, optical nanowires, optical fibre nanowires
Subwavelength-diameter optical fibre
Subwavelength-diameter_optical_fibre
Paradigm of quantum computer
optical quantum computing or linear optics quantum computation (LOQC), also photonic quantum computing (PQC), is a paradigm of quantum computation, allowing
Linear optical quantum computing
Linear_optical_quantum_computing
Genus of marine worms
Traits Information Catalogue. Retrieved 24 December 2014. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aphrodita. Sea Mouse images A Natural Photonic Crystal
Aphrodita
American physicist (born 1961)
light. He also pioneered nonlinear optics in gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, and his group also demonstrated various aspects of ultrafast
Alexander_Gaeta
Paper-like display technology
analog watch. Recent research has demonstrated electrophoretic and photonic-crystal–based reflective display materials capable of bistable color states
Electronic_paper
Microchip manipulating light instead of electricity
A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) or integrated optical circuit is a microchip containing two or more photonic components that form a functioning circuit
Photonic_integrated_circuit
Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. "Revolutionary tungsten photonic crystal could provide more power for electrical devices". Sandia National Laboratories
Incandescent_light_bulb
Quantum mechanical state change
spectrum Spectral line Atomic spectral line Laser science Purcell effect Photonic crystal Vacuum Rabi oscillation Jaynes–Cummings model Tretkoff, Ernie (August
Spontaneous_emission
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
optical properties. A graphene-based Bragg grating (one-dimensional photonic crystal) has been fabricated, demonstrating its capability to excite surface
Graphene
British physicist (1937–2018)
in his name at the 3rd International Conference on Metamaterials, Photonic Crystals and Plasmonics (Meta '12) in Paris in 2012. He presented nearly 300
Allan_Boardman
Mirror made of dielectric materials
reflectivity. Simple dielectric mirrors function like one-dimensional photonic crystals, consisting of a stack of layers with a high refractive index interleaved
Dielectric_mirror
Species of butterfly
Jančik; Miroslav Mašláň; Satoshi Shiojiri & Makoto Shiojiri (2010). "Photonic Crystal Structure of Wing Scales in Sasakia Charonda Butterflies" (PDF). Materials
Sasakia_charonda
Italian physicist and materials scientist
Wiersma. Vignolini's research interests are on photonic structures in plants, metamaterials and photonic crystals. After graduating from her PhD, she moved
Silvia_Vignolini
Australian nonlinear and optical physicist
and carried out research of solitons and metamaterials, nonlinear photonic crystal and composite materials theories. He made fundamental impact into self-focusing
Yuri_Kivshar
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