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Paradigm of quantum computer
Linear optical quantum computing or linear optics quantum computation (LOQC), also photonic quantum computing (PQC), is a paradigm of quantum computation
Linear optical quantum computing
Linear_optical_quantum_computing
Sub-field in optics consisting of lenses and mirrors
universal linear-optical quantum computing, as done in the KLM model. Physics portal Optics Quantum optics Nonlinear optics Linear optical quantum computing (LOQC)
Linear_optics
Computer programming for quantum computers
and sensor-based platforms. While some quantum computing architectures—such as linear optical quantum computing using the KLM protocol—require specialized
Quantum_programming
Linear optical quantum computing implementation
The KLM scheme or KLM protocol is an implementation of linear optical quantum computing (LOQC) developed in 2000 by Emanuel Knill, Raymond Laflamme and
KLM_protocol
timeline of quantum computing and communication. Erwin Schrödinger publishes a theorem setting the basis for quantum steering and the limits of quantum state
Timeline of quantum computing and communication
Timeline_of_quantum_computing_and_communication
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
quantum computing". phys.org. Heger, Monica (2009-01-01). "Cryptographers Take On Quantum Computers". IEEE Spectrum. "Q&A With Post-Quantum Computing
Post-quantum_cryptography
Networks connecting quantum processors
Quantum networks form an important element of quantum computing and quantum communication systems. Quantum networks facilitate the transmission of information
Quantum_network
Quantum-mechanical version of computer memory
In quantum computing, a quantum memory is the quantum-mechanical version of ordinary computer memory. Whereas ordinary memory stores information as binary
Quantum_memory
Method of quantum computing
resource. Quantum gate teleportation Continuous-variable quantum information Quantum algorithm Quantum logic gate Linear optical quantum computing Quantum optics
One-way_quantum_computer
Computer that uses photons or light waves
Optical computing or photonic computing uses light waves produced by lasers or incoherent sources for data processing, data storage or data communication
Optical_computing
Algorithm to be run on quantum computers
In quantum computing, a quantum algorithm is an algorithm that runs on a realistic model of quantum computation, the most commonly used model being the
Quantum_algorithm
Quantum algorithm for eigenvalue estimation
In quantum computing, the quantum phase estimation algorithm is a quantum algorithm to estimate the phase corresponding to an eigenvalue of a given unitary
Quantum phase estimation algorithm
Quantum_phase_estimation_algorithm
Photonics to control quantum states
integrated quantum photonics is Quantum technology:, for example quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum simulation, quantum walks and quantum metrology
Integrated_quantum_photonics
Interference effect of two photons
one of the underlying physical mechanisms for logic gates in linear optical quantum computing (the other mechanism being the action of measurement). When
Hong–Ou–Mandel_effect
Microchip manipulating light instead of electricity
optical modes is a need for quantum computing, this technology may be helpful to miniaturize quantum computers (see linear optical quantum computing)
Photonic_integrated_circuit
Change of basis applied in quantum computing
In quantum computing, the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) is a linear transformation on quantum bits, and is the quantum analogue of the discrete Fourier
Quantum_Fourier_transform
Canadian theoretical physicist (1960–2025)
control of quantum systems, and the development of blueprints for quantum information processors such as linear optical quantum computing. Raymond Julien
Raymond_Laflamme
Computational benchmark
In quantum computing, quantum supremacy or quantum advantage is the goal of demonstrating that a programmable quantum computer can solve a problem that
Quantum_supremacy
Dutch physicist (born 1972)
co-developers of quantum interferometric optical lithography. His research specializations include linear optical implementations of quantum communication
Pieter_Kok
Type of recurrent neural network with random and non-trainable internal structure
Reservoir Computing, Scientific Reports February 2012 Optoelectronic Reservoir Computing, Optics Express 2012 All-optical Reservoir Computing, Nature Communications
Reservoir_computing
Optical cluster states are a proposed tool to achieve quantum computational universality in linear optical quantum computing (LOQC). As direct entangling
Optical_cluster_state
Australian physicist
Linear optical quantum computing (aka the Knill, Laflamme and Milburn scheme). In 2024 he became the first Quantum Fellow of the UK's National Quantum Computing
Gerard_J._Milburn
Computing by new or unusual methods
Unconventional computing (also known as alternative computing or nonstandard computation) is computing by any of a wide range of new or unusual methods
Unconventional_computing
Process in quantum computing
Quantum error correction (QEC) comprises a set of techniques used in quantum memory and quantum computing to protect quantum information from errors arising
Quantum_error_correction
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
spin quantum-computer architecture. Linear optical quantum computing — photonic model using photons and linear optical elements. Neutral atom quantum computer
Quantum_computing
Type of quantum circuit construction
Quantum gate teleportation has been demonstrated in various types of quantum computers, including linear optical, superconducting quantum computing,
Quantum_gate_teleportation
Japanese physicist
for her research on photonics, superradiance, quantum energy transport, and linear optical quantum computing. She is a professor at the National Institute
Kae_Nemoto
Restricted model of non-universal quantum computation
approach to linear optical quantum computing. Moreover, while not universal, the boson sampling scheme is strongly believed to implement computing tasks that
Boson_sampling
Proposed quantum computer implementation
quantum computing began to accelerate worldwide.[citation needed] In 2021, researchers from the University of Innsbruck presented a quantum computing
Trapped-ion_quantum_computer
Irish-American physicist (1955–2020)
Dowling published papers are on the topics of Linear optical quantum computing, quantum lithography, optical switching in photonic crystals, and the photonic
Jonathan_Dowling
Quantum computing implementation
quantum computing is a branch of quantum computing and solid-state physics that implements superconducting electronic circuits as qubits in a quantum
Superconducting quantum computing
Superconducting_quantum_computing
Chinese quantum physicist
single-photon source above the loss-tolerant threshold for efficient linear optical quantum computing". Nature Photonics. 19: 387–391. February 28, 2025. doi:10
Lu_Chao-Yang
Concept in computer science
Reversible computing is considered an unconventional approach to computation and is closely linked to quantum computing, where the principles of quantum mechanics
Reversible_computing
Interdisciplinary research area
programming Quantum computing Quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations Quantum annealing Quantum neural network Quantum image Biamonte, Jacob;
Quantum_machine_learning
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
quantum theory include quantum chemistry, quantum optics, quantum computing, superconducting magnets, light-emitting diodes, the optical amplifier and the
Quantum_mechanics
Physical phenomenon
there is no need to send information through physical cables or optical fibers. Quantum states can be encoded in various degrees of freedom of atoms. For
Quantum_teleportation
Quantum search algorithm
In quantum computing, Grover's algorithm, also known as the quantum search algorithm, is a quantum algorithm for unstructured search that finds with high
Grover's_algorithm
Computational complexity of quantum algorithms
BPP, and PSPACE. One of the reasons quantum complexity theory is studied are the implications of quantum computing for the modern Church–Turing thesis
Quantum_complexity_theory
Projected date when quantum computers could break modern encryption
preprint (arXiv:2603.28627) sketched leaner methods for fault-tolerant quantum computing, suggesting that there might be a need for less physical qubits to
Quantum_Threat
Simulators of quantum mechanical systems
quantum simulators. These include experiments studying bosons or fermions in optical lattices, the unitary Fermi gas, Rydberg atom arrays in optical tweezers
Quantum_simulator
This glossary of quantum computing is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in quantum computing, its sub-disciplines, and related fields. Bacon–Shor
Glossary_of_quantum_computing
Quantum physics-based metaheuristic for optimization problems
Quantum annealing (QA) is an optimization process for finding the global minimum of a given objective function over a given set of candidate solutions
Quantum_annealing
QPUs are based on analog Hamiltonian simulation. Quantum programming Timeline of quantum computing and communication Wack, Andrew; Paik, Hanhee; Javadi-Abhari
List_of_quantum_processors
Basic unit of quantum information
In quantum computing, a qubit (/ˈkjuːbɪt/) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information, the quantum version of the classic binary bit. A qubit
Qubit
Cloud quantum computing platform
cloud-based quantum computing services provided by IBM. This includes access to a set of IBM's quantum processors, a set of tutorials on quantum computation,
IBM_Quantum_Platform
Information held in the state of a quantum system
the quantum systems studied are abstracted away from any real world counterpart. A qubit might for instance physically be a photon in a linear optical quantum
Quantum_information
Interdisciplinary theory behind quantum computing
(FTQC) era. Glossary of quantum computing Information theory Quantum mechanics Quantum computing Quantum error correction Quantum cryptography and its generalization
Quantum_information_science
Secure communication method
International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM). IEEE. 2025. General and review Quantum Computing 101 Scientific American Magazine
Quantum_key_distribution
Potential for two waves to interfere
creation of uniquely quantum coherence analysis. Classical optical coherence becomes a classical limit for first-order quantum coherence; higher degree
Coherence_(physics)
Quantum algorithm for integer factorization
{\displaystyle f} as a quantum transform, followed finally by a quantum Fourier transform. Due to this, the quantum algorithm for computing the discrete logarithm
Shor's_algorithm
Reconstruction of quantum states based on measurements
characterizing optical signals, including measuring the signal gain and loss of optical devices, as well as in quantum computing and quantum information
Quantum_tomography
development of quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum sensing. Quantum computing and communication are two sub-fields of quantum information
List of companies involved in quantum computing, communication or sensing
List_of_companies_involved_in_quantum_computing,_communication_or_sensing
Magnetic tape data storage technology
smaller systems. Later on, it was renamed Digital Linear Tape (DLT) and eventually sold to Quantum Corporation. In the late 1980s, Exabyte's Data8 format
Linear_Tape-Open
American ballet dancer and quantum physicist
Search Complete. Humphreys, Peter C. (October 11, 2013). "Linear Optical Quantum Computing in a Single Spatial Mode". Physical Review Letters. 111 (15)
Merritt_Moore
Type of quantum computer
solution with an absolute level of accuracy, whereas a topological quantum computing device with flawless operation will give the solution with only a
Topological_quantum_computer
Model of quantum computing
(2001), Quantum Computing, Natural Computing Series, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 3-540-66783-0, MR 1931238. Kitaev, A. Yu. (1997), "Quantum computations:
Quantum_circuit
Quantum algorithm for solving systems of linear equations
Harrow–Hassidim–Lloyd (HHL) algorithm is a quantum algorithm for obtaining certain limited information about the solution to a system of linear equations, introduced by
HHL_algorithm
Forecasting rules for quantum computing
Quantum computing scaling laws (sometimes abbreviated as QC scaling laws) are a set of observations describing the exponential growth of various aspects
Quantum computing scaling laws
Quantum_computing_scaling_laws
quantum computing (qubit implemented by the state of nonlinear resonant superconducting circuits containing Josephson junctions) Trapped ion quantum computer
List of proposed quantum registers
List_of_proposed_quantum_registers
Optical phenomenon
An optical vortex (also known as an optical phase singularity, photonic quantum vortex, or screw dislocation) is a zero of an optical field; a point of
Optical_vortex
Quantum states of two qubits
using such linear optical techniques. This means two Bell states cannot be distinguished from each other, limiting the efficiency of quantum communication
Bell_state
Model of quantum computation
developed the idea of quantum computers by suggesting that quantum gates could function in a similar fashion to traditional digital computing binary logic gates
Quantum_Turing_machine
Planned quantum technology campus in Chicago
Chicago. It will focus on quantum computing and is not an AI data center. Plans for the IQMP are part of the larger “Quantum Shore Chicago” redevelopment
Illinois Quantum and Microelectronics Park
Illinois_Quantum_and_Microelectronics_Park
Remote quantum processors for computation
Cloud-based quantum computing refers to the remote access of quantum computing resources—such as quantum emulators, simulators, or processors—via the internet
Cloud-based_quantum_computing
Type of quantum computer built out of Rydberg atoms
Neutral atom quantum computing makes use of several technological advancements in the field of laser cooling, magneto-optical trapping and optical tweezers
Neutral_atom_quantum_computer
Quantum error correction schemes can suppress the logical error rate arbitrarily low
In quantum computing, the threshold theorem (or quantum fault-tolerance theorem) states that a quantum computer with a physical error rate below a certain
Threshold_theorem
Quantum measurement phenomenon
In quantum mechanics, frequent measurements cause the quantum Zeno effect, a reduction in transitions away from the system's initial state, slowing a system's
Quantum_Zeno_effect
Optimization algorithms using quantum computing
more efficient ways of solving optimization problems are needed. Quantum computing may allow problems which are not practically feasible on classical
Quantum optimization algorithms
Quantum_optimization_algorithms
Scientific instruments
molecules), quantum optics and quantum optomechanics (to study the interaction of single particles with light). The development of optical tweezing by
Optical_tweezers
Laser technology
A quantum dot single-photon source is based on a single quantum dot placed in an optical cavity. It is an on-demand single-photon source. A laser pulse
Quantum dot single-photon source
Quantum_dot_single-photon_source
Quantum mechanics idea
interacted. This process may have application in quantum communication networks and quantum computing. Entanglement swapping has two pairs of entangled
Entanglement_swapping
Quantum algorithm
In quantum computing, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a quantum algorithm for quantum chemistry, quantum simulations and optimization problems
Variational quantum eigensolver
Variational_quantum_eigensolver
Open-source software development kit
Qiskit (Quantum Information Software Kit) is an open-source, Python-based, high-performance software stack for quantum computing, originally developed
Qiskit
Quantum error correcting code
photonic quantum computing, in which logical qubits are encoded into the field quadratures of an optical mode. These modes can be thought of as the quantum harmonic
Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill code
Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill_code
American electrical engineer (born 1984)
modulators have received wide adoption for computing needs at Intel Ayar Labs, Global foundries and varied optical interconnect usages. E s w i t c h O p
Sasikanth_Manipatruni
Quantum Mechanics in Neural Networks
programming Optical neural network Holographic associative memory Quantum cognition Quantum machine learning Kak, S. (1995). "On quantum neural computing". Advances
Quantum_neural_network
Topics referred to by the same term
space Linear optical quantum computing (AKA linear optics quantum computation, LOQC, photonic quantum computing, PQC), the paradigm of a quantum computer
Linear_(disambiguation)
Unit of quantum information
bases Quantum computing Radix economy Ternary computing This can be compared with the three rotation operator gates for qubits. We get eight linearly independent
Qutrit
Physics experiment
In quantum mechanics, a quantum eraser experiment is an interferometer experiment that demonstrates several fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics,
Quantum_eraser_experiment
Integrated circuit technology
Neuromorphic computing is a computing approach inspired by the human brain's structure and function. It uses artificial neurons to perform computations
Neuromorphic_computing
Method of solving computing problems
Lateral computing is a lateral thinking approach to solving computing problems. Lateral thinking has been made popular by Edward de Bono. This thinking
Lateral_computing
Experimental technology level
Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing is characterized by quantum processors containing up to 1,000 qubits which are not advanced enough yet
Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing
Noisy_intermediate-scale_quantum_computing
Metric for a quantum computer's capabilities
Quantum volume is a metric that measures the capabilities and error rates of a quantum computer. It expresses the maximum size of square quantum circuits
Quantum_volume
Sub-field of quantum physics and optics
Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry that studies the behavior of photons (individual quanta of light)
Quantum_optics
Branch of physics that studies light
"photons". Quantum optics deals with the application of quantum mechanics to optical systems. Optical science is relevant to and studied in many related disciplines
Optics
Type of quantum information processing
Adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) is a form of quantum computing which relies on the adiabatic theorem to perform calculations and is closely related
Adiabatic_quantum_computation
Quantum effect of uncertainty
demonstrating quantum tunneling in a Josephson junction, a fundamental component of many quantum computing and superconducting classical computing systems.
Quantum_noise
American computer scientist (born 2000)
mention for the Davidson Fellowship. In 2017 Tang took a class on quantum computing from Scott Aaronson, who recognized her as an "unusually talented
Ewin_Tang
Proposed spin-based quantum computer implementation
Nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computing (NMRQC) is one of the several proposed approaches for constructing a quantum computer, that uses the spin
Nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer
Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_quantum_computer
Physical implementation of an artificial neural network with optical components
dimension into the optical neural network, laying a foundation for future brain-like photonic chip development. Optical computing Quantum neural network Qian
Optical_neural_network
Basic circuit in quantum computing
In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit
Quantum_logic_gate
Quantum state, of opposed conditions
coherent states of a single optical mode of light. These states are of special interest for the development of quantum computing. Concretely, a cat state
Cat_state
Term in quantum information theory
"Computing the distance between quantum channels: usefulness of the Fano representation" (PDF). Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Diamond_norm
Cryptography based on quantum mechanical phenomena
Quantum cryptography is the exploiting of quantum-mechanical properties such as quantum entanglement, measurement disturbance, no-cloning theorem, and
Quantum_cryptography
Continuous (non-quantized) quantities in quantum information science
One primary application is quantum computing. In a sense, continuous-variable quantum computation is "analog", while quantum computation using qubits is
Continuous-variable quantum information
Continuous-variable_quantum_information
Point defect in diamonds
implementation of quantum algorithms and networks. It has also been explored for applications in quantum computing (e.g. for entanglement generation), quantum simulation
Nitrogen-vacancy_center
a protein matrix is formally equivalent to many problems in computing. Mapping computing problems onto reaction center searches may allow light harvesting
Fenna–Matthews–Olson_complex
Elementary particle or quantum of light
been studied as elements of quantum computers, and for applications in optical imaging and optical communication such as quantum cryptography. The photon
Photon
Study of matter-light interactions at small scales
light, linear and nonlinear optical processes, and spectroscopy. Lasers and laser spectroscopy have transformed optical science. Major study in optical physics
Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Atomic,_molecular,_and_optical_physics
Quantum mechanical model
The quantum harmonic oscillator is the quantum-mechanical analog of the classical harmonic oscillator. Because an arbitrary smooth potential can usually
Quantum_harmonic_oscillator
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
Male
English
Irish Anglicized form of Gaelic Fionnbarr, FINBAR means "fair-headed."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Calm
Boy/Male
Danish, Finnish, French, German, Latin, Shakespearean, Swedish
Born Fifth
Girl/Female
Irish
Eimear possessed the “Six Gifts of Womanhood†– “beauty, a gentle voice, sweet words, wisdom, needlework and chastity!†She was bethrothed to the warrior Cuchulainn (read the legend) when they were children and they loved each other very deeply. But Cuchulainn had “a wandering eye†and Eimear endured this, realizing “everything new is fair,†but when he made love to Fand, wife of the sea god Manannan, Eimear confronted the lovers. After seeing the strength of Fand’s love she offered to withdraw. Touched by this display of unselfishness, Fand left Cuchulainn and returned to the sea. When Cuchulainn died Eimear spoke movingly and lovingly at his graveside.
Male
Scandinavian
Scandinavian form of Old Norse Einarr, EINAR means "lone warrior."
Female
Scottish
Variant spelling of Scottish Lilias, LILEAS means "lily."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lingam
Biblical
fourth
Boy/Male
Irish
Meaning “â€fair-haired,â€â€ the name has been popular since the sixth century when St. Finbar came to an area of Cork that was being tormented by a serpent. The people begged him to do something to help them. One night he went to where the serpent was sleeping and sprinkled it with holy water. The angry serpent tore and devoured the land until she slithered into the sea at Cork Harbor. The track she left behind filled with water and became the River Lee and that’s why St. Finbar is the patron saint of Cork. It is said that the sun didn’t set for two weeks after Finbar’s death.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Lingart, Lancashire, or Lingards Wood in Marsden, West Yorkshire, both named from Old English līn ‘flax’ + garðr ‘enclosure’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metronymic from Line.
Male
Greek
(ΑἰνÎας) Variant spelling of Greek AineÃas, AINEAS means "praiseworthy."
Girl/Female
Biblical
Fourth.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a whitewasher, Middle English limer, lymer, an agent derivative of Old English līm ‘lime’.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Linsey, LINSAY means "Lincoln's wetlands."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lingard.French : occupational name for a maker of or dealer in linen goods, from Old French linge ‘linen (goods)’ (see Linge 1).
Girl/Female
Indian
Optional
Boy/Male
Latin Biblical
Born fourth.
Male
Yiddish
 Variant spelling of Yiddish Lieber, LIBER means "beloved." Compare with another form of Liber.
Female
English
English name probably derived from Germanic lindi, LINDA means "serpent."Â In some cases, it may have been derived from the Spanish word for "pretty."
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING
LINEAR OPTICAL-QUANTUM-COMPUTING