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The peptide-loading complex (PLC) is a short-lived, multisubunit membrane protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It orchestrates
Peptide-loading_complex
Protein of the immune system
peptides in the lumen of the ER. The peptide-loading process involves several other molecules that form a large multimeric complex called the peptide-loading
MHC_class_I
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
TAP then binds to the peptide loading complex along with another protein, called tapasin. At this point the peptide loading complex consists of HLA-A (heavy
HLA-A
Type of protein
class I molecules in the ER lumen. Tapasin is one component of the peptide-loading complex, and can be found associated with MHC class I molecules after the
Tapasin
Protein family
transporter is found in the ER lumen associated with the peptide-loading complex (PLC). This complex of β2 microglobulin, calreticulin, ERp57, TAP, tapasin
Transporter associated with antigen processing
Transporter_associated_with_antigen_processing
Topics referred to by the same term
community, for collaborative learning Perlecan, a protein in humans Peptide loading complex, an intracellular membrane protein matrix Peter Lougheed Centre
PLC
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PDIA3 is also part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I peptide loading complex, which is essential for formation of the final antigen
PDIA3
Cellular process
class I loading within the ER, exogenous antigen peptides are loaded onto MHC class I molecules with the help of the peptide loading complex and chaperone
Cross-presentation
Soluble protein
a partly folded state. After the β2-microglobulin binds to the peptide-loading complex (PLC), calreticulin (along with ERp57) takes over the job of chaperoning
Calreticulin
Cell surface proteins, part of the acquired immune system
class II genes in teleost fish genomes reveals dispensability of the peptide-loading DM system in a large part of vertebrates". BMC Evolutionary Biology
Major histocompatibility complex
Major_histocompatibility_complex
Family of proteins
gp96 form peptide loading complex for MHCI. This handing over with peptides is important, because HSPs can shield hydrophobic residues in peptides which would
Heat_shock_protein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
T (Dec 1991). "Two putative subunits of a peptide pump encoded in the human major histocompatibility complex class II region". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TAP1
HIV entry inhibitor discovered in 1986
Peptide T is an HIV entry inhibitor discovered in 1986 by Candace Pert and Michael Ruff, a US neuroscientist and immunologist. Peptide T, and its modified
Peptide_T
Vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering
the complex of TAP, tapasin, MHS Class 1, ERp57, and calreticulin is called the peptide-loading complex (PLC). Peptides are loaded to MHC-I peptide binding
Antigen_presentation
Secondary metabolides
Nonribosomal peptides (NRP) are a class of peptide secondary metabolites, usually produced by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. Nonribosomal peptides are
Nonribosomal_peptide
Component of MHC class I molecules
necessary for cell surface expression of MHC class I and stability of the peptide-binding groove. In fact, in the absence of β2 microglobulin, very limited
Beta-2_microglobulin
Protein of the immune system
groove of the MHC class II molecule. Once loaded, the MHC class II-peptide complexes are transported to the plasma membrane via vesicular transport, where
MHC_class_II
German biochemist
human MHC-I peptide-loading complex. Nature 551, 525–8. doi:10.1038/nature24627 Thomas C, Tampé R (2017): Structure of the TAPBPR-MHC I complex defines the
Robert_Tampé
the chaperone and editing TAPBPR–MHC I complex and the human MHC-I peptide-loading complex. Antigenic peptide recognition on TAP was resolved by DNP-enhanced
Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes
Cluster_of_Excellence_Frankfurt_Macromolecular_Complexes
the immune system. It does this by assisting in peptide loading of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II membrane-bound proteins. HLA-DM is
HLA-DM
Mammalian protein found in humans
I peptide-loading complex (PLC), calreticulin and ERp57 take over the job of chaperoning the MHC class I protein while the tapasin links the complex to
Calnexin
Mammalian proteins found in humans
stem cells. It can be upregulated in cancers. Peptides are connected to HLA-G by the peptide loading complex in the endoplasmic reticulum. HLA-G plays a
HLA-G
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
TAP2 is a gene in humans that encodes the protein Antigen peptide transporter 2. The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the
TAP2
Genes on human chromosome 6
DM and DO, are used in the internal processing of antigens, loading the antigenic peptides generated from pathogens onto the HLA molecules of antigen-presenting
Human_leukocyte_antigen
such as MHC I processing mechanism, TAP-independent peptide presentation, MHC I peptide-loading complex (PLC)-independent antigen presentation pathways,
Immunoevasin
Cardiac hormone which increases renal sodium excretion
Atrial natriuretic peptide (natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) or atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a natriuretic peptide hormone secreted from the cardiac
Atrial_natriuretic_peptide
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP (class II-associated invariant chain peptide) molecule from the peptide binding
HLA-DMB
Multiprotein complex
in targeted RNA cleavage in RISC. The RISC-loading complex (RLC) is the essential structure required to load dsRNA fragments into RISC in order to target
RNA-induced_silencing_complex
Medical diagnostic method
histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which are found on the surface of most cells in the body. Cells produce MHC molecules containing peptides as a way to
Tetramer_assay
(also known as MS/MS or MS2) experiments are used for protein/peptide identification. Peptide identification algorithms fall into two broad classes: database
List of mass spectrometry software
List_of_mass_spectrometry_software
DNA replication in eukaryotic organisms
repeated PCNA loading for efficient DNA replication. PCNA loading is accomplished by the replication factor C (RFC) complex. The RFC complex is composed
Eukaryotic_DNA_replication
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules
HLA-DMA
a non-polymorphic accessory protein that aids in antigenic peptide chaperoning and loading, as opposed to its classical counterparts, which are polymorphic
HLA-DO
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ways on the cell surface: with β2m and a peptide as a complex of HLA-F heavy chain or without the peptide and β2m as an open conformer with just the
HLA-F
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
5 mM. Following Thymosin α1, β4 was the second of the biologically active peptides from Thymosin Fraction 5 to be completely sequenced and synthesized. This
Thymosin_beta-4
Type of semiconductor
network allow the formation of quantum confined structures within the peptide self-assemblies, thus decreasing the band gaps of the superstructures into
Organic_semiconductor
dnaC is a prokaryotic loading factor found in Escherichia coli that complexes with the C-terminus of helicase dnaB during the initial stages of prokaryotic
DnaC
Chemical compound
targeted proteins become undetectable by Western blot. In 2016 a synthetic peptide-conjugated PMO (PPMO) was found to inhibit the expression of New Delhi
Morpholino_nucleic_acid
Peptide hormone
Insulin (/ˈɪn.sjʊ.lɪn/ ; from Latin insula 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin
Insulin
Human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-A serotype group
to peptides originating from EBV. This high affinity increases the probability of CD8+ t-cell recognition of EBV peptides held by HLA-A*02 complexes. This
HLA-A*02
Classification of membrane proteins including ion channels
Bursal Disease Virus Pore-Forming Peptide, Pep46 (Pep46) Family 1.A.60 The Mammalian Reovirus Pre-forming Peptide, Mu-1 (Mu-1) Family 1.A.61 The Insect
Transporter Classification Database
Transporter_Classification_Database
triangle Patent Pathogen Pattern formation PCR PD Pedigree Penetrance Peptide Peptide bond Peptidyl transferase PEST hypothesis Petite mutation Phage Pharmacogenomics
Index_of_genetics_articles
secretase thus releasing the Aβ peptide. This form of APP processing produces multiple Aβ peptides, of which Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptide are most abundantly produced
Alzheimer's disease in the Hispanic/Latino population
Alzheimer's_disease_in_the_Hispanic/Latino_population
Protein family
the peptide is cut loose and released. RF3 is still needed to release RF1/2 from this translation termination complex. After releasing the peptide, ribosomal
Release_factor
Compound library-based chemical synthesis method
Merrifield, started investigating the solid-phase synthesis of peptides. Synthesis of peptides in a combinatorial fashion quickly leads to large numbers of
Combinatorial_chemistry
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
dissociation and antigen loading. Overexpression of cathepsin S may lead to premature Ii degradation, occasional antigen loading, and potential autoimmune
Cathepsin_S
Antibiotic medication
5-DPG) is derived from acetate. Nonribosomal peptide synthesis occurs through distinct modules that can load and extend the protein by one amino acid per
Vancomycin
White blood cells of the immune system
conventional T cells that recognize protein peptide antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, NKT cells recognize glycolipid
T_cell
Enzyme
therapeutic use. There are several classes of ATP synthase inhibitors, including peptide inhibitors, polyphenolic phytochemicals, polyketides, organotin compounds
ATP_synthase
German chemist
at the University of Tübingen. G. Jung was a cofounder of the European Peptide Society (EPS) and the European Society of Combinatorial Sciences (ESCS)
Günther_Jung
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
of 343 amino acids. There are several components, in sequence: a signal peptide (initial part of the protein), an extracellular transferrin receptor-binding
HFE_(gene)
Aspartic protease protein and enzyme
hydrolyzes (breaks down) angiotensinogen secreted from the liver into the peptide angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is further cleaved in the lungs by endothelial-bound
Renin
Soft water-rich polymer gel
physical hydrogel formation, the first one being the gelation of nanofibrous peptide assemblies, usually observed for oligopeptide precursors. The precursors
Hydrogel
Analytical physical chemistry technique
"Methods and techniques to study the bioinorganic chemistry of metal–peptide complexes linked to neurodegenerative diseases". Coordination Chemistry Reviews
Isothermal titration calorimetry
Isothermal_titration_calorimetry
Protein family
encapsulate cargo proteins through targeting. They use C-terminal targeting peptides (TPs) found in family 1 encapsulins, and N-terminal targeting domains (TDs)
Encapsulin
Pharmaceutical drug
possess a common aglycone, or core, consisting of seven amino acids bound by peptide and ether bonds to form a four-ring system. These five structures differ
Teicoplanin
Chemical compound
efficient gene delivery vehicle. Likewise, the HIV-1 Tat peptide, a cell-permeable peptide, has been successfully used for intracellular gene delivery
Polyethylenimine
Family of multi-domain enzymes that produce polyketides
carrier domains are similar to the PCP carrier domains of nonribosomal peptide synthetases, and some proteins combine both types of modules. The growing
Polyketide_synthase
Biological process of breaking down food
chemical species secreted vary in size from the small Escherichia coli peptide colicin V, (10 kDa) to the Pseudomonas fluorescens cell adhesion protein
Digestion
Passing of drugs through the blood brain-barrier
traversing the blood–brain barrier. It also can work to mask the drug peptide from peptide-degrading enzymes in the brain Also a "targetor" molecule could be
Drug_delivery_to_the_brain
small peptides. cTECs and mTECs utilize this endogenous pathway for MHC II presentation during selection processes, instead of common loading of exogenous
Cortical thymic epithelial cells
Cortical_thymic_epithelial_cells
Type of secondary structure of proteins
crystal structure determinations of amino acids and peptides and Pauling's prediction of planar peptide bonds; and his relinquishing of the assumption of
Alpha_helix
Controlled release of substances by cells or tissues
translocation systems, which requires the presence of an N-terminal signal peptide on the secreted protein. Others are translocated across the cytoplasmic
Secretion
Antibiotic
colistin is synthesized before cyclization. Non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis begins with a loading module and then the addition of each subsequent amino
Colistin
Pharmaceutical drug
a type I polyketide synthase (PKS) in conjunction with a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). The domains responsible for the biosynthesis of the
Sirolimus
Enzyme of the glycolysis metabolic pathway
For this reason, GAPDH is commonly used by biological researchers as a loading control for western blot and as a control for qPCR. However, researchers
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Glyceraldehyde_3-phosphate_dehydrogenase
Immunosuppressive drug
synthesis of both type 1 polyketide synthases (PKS 1) and nonribosomal peptide syntheses (NRPS). The research shows the hybrid synthesis consists of ten
Tacrolimus
drug-protein interactions. The drug can bind first to the HLA-peptide complex (p-i HLA) or the TCR complex (p-i TCR). Sometimes the drug may be trapped in between
P-i_mechanism
Central nervous system stimulant
(cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript)-peptide-induced cell signalling have demonstrated that CART peptides activate at least three signalling mechanisms
Amphetamine
Venom and aggression rankings
and Dendroaspin natriuretic peptide (DNP), a newly discovered component of mamba venom, is the most potent natriuretic peptide and is unique to the genus
List_of_dangerous_snakes
Chemical compound
4'-phosphopantetheine prosthetic group for loading of the growing peptide and their monomer precursors. Elongation of the peptide chain is achieved through condensation
Tyrocidine
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens (Humans)
in invariant chain processing and major histocompatibility complex class II peptide loading by macrophages". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 191
Cathepsin_F
Viral pulmonary disease of humans
treatments, including small-molecule compounds that target the virus or host, peptides, alligator weed, antibodies, and classical antiviral drugs, tested mainly
Hantavirus_pulmonary_syndrome
Mammalian protein found in humans
proteins, PCSK9 is inactive when first synthesized, because a section of peptide chains blocks their activity; proprotein convertases remove that section
PCSK9
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein (MR1) is a non-classical MHC class I protein, that binds vitamin metabolites (intermediates
Major histocompatibility complex, class I-related
Major_histocompatibility_complex,_class_I-related
Class of enzymes
or "loading" the tRNA with an amino acid. Once the tRNA is charged, a ribosome can transfer the amino acid from the tRNA onto a growing peptide, according
Aminoacyl_tRNA_synthetase
Bacterium responsible for difficult-to-treat infections in humans
therapeutics, including host kinase inhibitors, as well as antimicrobial peptides are under study as adjunctive or alternative treatment for MRSA. A 2015
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus
Excess urea in the blood due to kidney dysfunction
The "middle molecules" include: atrial natriuretic peptide, cystatin C, delta sleep-inducing peptide, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and parathyroid
Uremia
Idea that ribosomal RNA was necessary for modern life
decoding, with the large subunit, which is responsible for the formation of peptide bonds and the releasing of elongation factors. This essentially shows that
Woese's_dogma
Biochemical technique
theoretically predicted and SDS PAGE-displayed molecular weights for an acidic peptide". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 13370. Bibcode:2015NatSR...513370G. doi:10
SDS-PAGE
Form of milk produced immediately following the delivery of newborn
proline-rich polypeptides (PRP). A number of cytokines (small messenger peptides that control the functioning of the immune system) are found in colostrum
Colostrum
Group of clinically similar illnesses caused by species of hantaviruses
treatments, including small-molecule compounds that target the virus or host, peptides, alligator weed, antibodies, and classical antiviral drugs, tested mainly
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Hantavirus_hemorrhagic_fever_with_renal_syndrome
Phosphorus-containing ligands
hindered substrates and operates at room temperature with low catalyst loading. This ligand has been utilized in multiple reactions including the amination
Dialkylbiaryl phosphine ligands
Dialkylbiaryl_phosphine_ligands
Disorder resulting in compulsive behaviors
between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescriptions and substance-related outcomes in patients
Addiction
Vertebrate natural glucocorticoid hormone
Sheehan's syndrome) The primary control of cortisol is the pituitary gland peptide, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Once released from the pituitary,
Cortisol
Mechanical property that measures stiffness of a solid material
Adler-Abramovich, Lihi; Barlam, David; et al. (June 8, 2005). "Self-Assembled Peptide Nanotubes Are Uniquely Rigid Bioinspired Supramolecular Structures". Nano
Young's_modulus
recruitment on the initiation codon, but can also involve modulation of peptide elongation, termination of protein synthesis, or ribosome biogenesis. While
Translational_regulation
Drug mixture used mainly to treat ADHD and narcolepsy
neuropeptides (e.g., cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) peptides). Both active ingredients of Adderall, dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine
Adderall
Extremely venomous snake native to Australia
of the inland taipan (Oxyuranus microlepidotus)". Peptides. 27 (11): 2655–2660. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2006.06.003. PMID 16879898. S2CID 44544394. Kornhauser
Inland_taipan
Human retrovirus, cause of AIDS
more stable two-pronged attachment, which allows the N-terminal fusion peptide gp41 to penetrate the cell membrane. Repeat sequences in gp41, HR1, and
HIV
Antimalarial medication
peptides with class II MHC molecules in the compartment for peptide loading and/or the subsequent processing and transport of the peptide-MHC complex
Hydroxychloroquine
therapeutic agents. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), also known as peptide transduction domains (PTDs), are short peptides (< 40 amino acids) that efficiently
Vectors_in_gene_therapy
Molecule for mRNA-capture
of a single cell in complex tissues. TIVA tags are created initially via solid-phase synthesis with the cell-penetrating peptide conjugated afterwards
Transcriptome in vivo analysis tag
Transcriptome_in_vivo_analysis_tag
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
similarity to yeast Sec24p component of COPII. COPII is the coat protein complex responsible for vesicle budding from the ER. The role of this gene product
SEC24B
Protein containing a heme prosthetic group
MM, Wang J, Suslick KS (November 2003). "De novo designed cyclic-peptide heme complexes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
Hemoprotein
Group of chemical compounds
Antimycins are produced by a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)/polyketide synthase (PKS) assembly complex which acts as an assembly line for antimycin
Antimycin
Species of virus
by HSV. In the host cell, TAP transports digested viral antigen epitope peptides from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum, allowing these epitopes
Herpes_simplex_virus
Class of biopharmaceutical drugs
Linkers are based on chemical motifs including disulfides, hydrazones or peptides (cleavable), or thioethers (noncleavable). Cleavable and noncleavable linkers
Antibody–drug_conjugate
Protein family
from interacting pieces: sliding clamp complexed to a peptide from DNA polymerase and a polymerase editing complex". Cell. 99 (2): 155–166. doi:10
DNA_clamp
Immune response that does not involve antibodies
some circumstances, load antigenic peptides onto the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the cell, in turn presenting the peptide to receptors on T
Cell-mediated_immunity
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Leeming.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Dowden.
Boy/Male
English
Son of Reed.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Good.
Boy/Male
English
Son Of Gold.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the late Old English personal name Golding, in form a patronymic from Golda (see Gold 4).German : patronymic from a short form of a Germanic personal name formed with gold, guld ‘gold’, ‘bright’.Jewish (from Latvia and Lithuania) : habitational name from Golding, the German and Yiddish name of the city of Kuldīga in Latvia.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Gooding.German (Göding) : variant of Godding.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : ethnic name from Old French Lohereng ‘man from Lorraine’ (see Lorraine).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Holden.
Surname or Lastname
English (Somerset)
English (Somerset) : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a Middle English personal name Lyfing, Old English Lēofing, based on lēof ‘dear’.Swedish : apparently an ornamental name formed from the place-name element lov-, meaning unknown, + the suffix -ing (see Arning).
Boy/Male
German
Renowned Warrior's Son
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
Son of the Red-haired
Surname or Lastname
English (Hampshire and the Isle of Wight)
English (Hampshire and the Isle of Wight) : habitational name from a place on the Isle of Wight named Brading, from Old English brerd ‘hillside’ + -ingas ‘dwellers at’, i.e. ‘(settlement of) the dwellers on the hillside’.
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : patronymic from Bold as a personal name.Danish : habitational name from a place so named in Jutland.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived at a place where wood was cut, Middle English wo(o)ding.
Surname or Lastname
Danish
Danish : probably a habitational name from Kolding. This was originally the name of a river, from kaldr ‘cold’ + a derivational suffix -ung, hence ‘the cold river’.English : perhaps a spelling variant of Golding.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from the county seat of Berkshire, which gets its name from Old English Rēadingas ‘people of Rēad(a)’, a byname meaning ‘red’.English : topographic name for someone who lived in a clearing, an unattested Old English ryding.
Boy/Male
British, English
Son of Gold; Little Golden One
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
Boy/Male
Tamil
Development, Prosper
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Greek Irish
One who will be reborn.
Boy/Male
Irish
Wealthy.
Boy/Male
Irish
Foolish pride.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Heaven
Male
Dutch
, Jehovah's gift (or grace).
Girl/Female
Hindu
Honest, Night
Male
Irish
Irish name CROGHER means "loves hounds."Â
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, Australian, Muslim, Swahili
Beauty; From Swahili
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
PEPTIDE LOADING-COMPLEX
a.
Buoyed upon or in a fluid; a, the floating timbers of a wreck; floating motes in the air.
a.
Not funded; not fixed, invested, or determined; as, floating capital; a floating debt.
a.
Guiding; directing; controlling; foremost; as, a leading motive; a leading man; a leading example.
a.
Pertaining to pepsin; resembling pepsin in its power of digesting or dissolving albuminous matter; containing or yielding pepsin, or a body of like properties; as, the peptic glands.
v. t.
To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide the wanderer.
a.
Free or lose from the usual attachment; as, the floating ribs in man and some other animals.
a.
Hence: Groveling; low; vulgar; as, a reptile race or crew; reptile vices.
n.
The planking or boarding of a shaft, cofferdam, etc.
n.
A coat or covering; a layer of any substance, as a cover or protection; as, the coating of a retort or vial.
n.
The beads or bead-forming quality of certain liquors; as, the beading of a brand of whisky.
n.
The act of loading.
n.
The act, or state, of inclining; inclination; tendency; as, a leaning towards Calvinism.
n.
That which lades or constitutes a load or cargo; freight; burden; as, the lading of a ship.
a.
Receiving its charge through the muzzle; as, a muzzle-loading rifle.
n.
A load; cargo; burden.
n.
A place for landing, as from a ship, a carriage. etc.
n.
Floating threads. See Floating threads, above.
a.
Relating to digestion; promoting digestion; digestive; as, peptic sauces.
n.
That which stands at the head; title; as, the heading of a paper.