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Form of computing using molecular biology
Peptide computing is a form of computing which uses peptides, instead of traditional electronic components. The basis of this computational model is the
Peptide_computing
Computing by new or unusual methods
Unconventional computing (also known as alternative computing or nonstandard computation) is computing by any of a wide range of new or unusual methods
Unconventional_computing
Biological molecules for computations
Computer DNA computing Human biocomputer Molecular electronics Nanotechnology Nanobiotechnology Organoid intelligence Peptide computing Wetware computer
Biological_computing
Computing using molecular biology hardware
DNA computing is an emerging branch of unconventional computing which uses DNA, biochemistry, and molecular biology hardware, instead of the traditional
DNA_computing
Topics referred to by the same term
related to B cells Linker peptide, a flexible part of a peptide between relatively rigid structural domains. Linker (peptide synthesis), a molecule that
Linker
American-Japanese entrepreneur, scientist, and lawyer (born 1971)
"The race toward a new computing technology is heating up". CNBC. Retrieved 2025-12-01. Ray, Tiernan (2020-11-19). "Quantum computing now is a bit like SQL
Christopher_Savoie
Topics referred to by the same term
synthetic chemical compounds based on carbon (organic compounds). Synthetic peptide Synthetic population Synthetic population (biology) Synthetic diamond Synthetic
Synthetic
Biomolecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues
be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues
Protein
American semiconductor company
computing power without buying its hardware. The company also builds data centers using its processors and supercomputers to provide cloud computing services
Cerebras_Systems
Visual representation of allowable protein conformations
Ramachandran). The ω angle at the peptide bond is normally 180°, since the partial-double-bond character keeps the peptide bond planar. The figure in the
Ramachandran_plot
Actions by entities within a system
informatics, also called behavior computing, explores behavior intelligence and behavior insights from the informatics and computing perspectives. Different from
Behavior
evaluates protein sequences from a database to compute the list of peptides that could result from each. The peptide's intact mass is known from the mass spectrum
Sequest
Topics referred to by the same term
and London Griffith Film School, in Brisbane, Australia Genome-based peptide fingerprint scanning Glucose-fructose syrup, another name for high-fructose
GFS
Italian computer scientist
J. M. (2011). Chakraborty, Arup K (ed.). "A Peptide Filtering Relation Quantifies MHC Class I Peptide Optimization". PLOS Computational Biology. 7 (10)
Luca_Cardelli
Topics referred to by the same term
Filling of the heart Myocardial depressant factor, a low-molecular-weight peptide released from the pancreas into the blood in mammals during various shock
MDF
American researcher and businessman
Medical Center described the first-ever synthesis and expression of a peptide-coding gene. In August 1978, he produced synthetic insulin using his new
Herbert_Boyer
Topics referred to by the same term
l'Organisation du Pays), former Haitian political party M-opioid receptor or mu opioid peptide (MOP) receptor, a class of opioid receptors MOP flippase
MOP
Topics referred to by the same term
nomenclature Peanut agglutinin, a lectin specific for Gal-β(1–3)-GalNAc Peptide nucleic acid, an artificially synthesized polymer similar to DNA or RNA
PNA
Topics referred to by the same term
invariant chain peptide, a protein involved in MHC class II assembly and transport to the cell membrane Corticotropin-like intermediate peptide, an endogenous
Clip
American computer scientist (born 2000)
mention for the Davidson Fellowship. In 2017 Tang took a class on quantum computing from Scott Aaronson, who recognized her as an "unusually talented student"
Ewin_Tang
Topics referred to by the same term
Democratic Front (Italy) PDF (gene), a gene that in humans encodes the enzyme peptide deformylase Palladium fluoride (PdF), a series of chemical compounds Parton
PDF_(disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
motivation Solid-state transformer, a type of transformer Somatostatin, a peptide hormone Stainless steel (a symbol for stainless steel on engineering drawings
SST
Topics referred to by the same term
Planners Certified Computing Professional, a professional certification administered by the Institute for Certification of Computing Professionals Certified
CCP_(disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
insulation-displacement connector for telecommunications Liver stage antigen, a set of peptides Low specific activity, radioactive substances produced by oil and gas production
LSA
Distributed computing project simulating protein folding
distributed computing and scientific research. The project uses statistical simulation methodology that is a paradigm shift from traditional computing methods
Folding@home
(also known as MS/MS or MS2) experiments are used for protein/peptide identification. Peptide identification algorithms fall into two broad classes: database
List of mass spectrometry software
List_of_mass_spectrometry_software
Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medication
filed by Eli Lilly and Company in 2016. This uses standard solid phase peptide synthesis, with an allyloxycarbonyl protecting group on the lysine at position
Tirzepatide
Topics referred to by the same term
expressways Abductor digiti minimi muscle of hand Adrenomedullin, a vasodilator peptide hormone Acinar-to-ductal metaplasia, a condition affecting pancreatic cells
ADM
Topics referred to by the same term
components under thermodynamic control N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, a peptide coupling chemical reagent used in organic synthesis Data communication
DCC
Topics referred to by the same term
representation theory Circumsporozoite protein Competence stimulating peptide Credential service provider, a trusted entity Common spatial pattern, in
CSP
American life sciences company
collaboration with Cycle Computing and the University of Southern California, set a record for the world's largest and fastest cloud computing run by using 156
Schrödinger,_Inc.
disposable hearing aid. SynVax Pharmaceuticals Created biologically active peptides based on patents granted while at SRI. Telesensory Systems Created devices
List of SRI International spin-offs
List_of_SRI_International_spin-offs
Probabilistic problem-solving algorithm
(perhaps to a feasible level) through parallel computing strategies in local processors, clusters, cloud computing, GPU, FPGA, etc. In financial and safety-critical
Monte_Carlo_method
Topics referred to by the same term
trigonal space group P3 laboratory, a biosafety-level-3 laboratory P3 peptide P3 protein ATC code P03 Ectoparasiticides, including scabicides, insecticides
P3
Topics referred to by the same term
spliceosomal RNA, a component of the spliceosome Urotensin 2, a cardiovascular peptide Haplogroup U2 (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA lineage D battery, a dry-cell
U2_(disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
Twinned Particles, see Decahedral MTP and Icosahedral MTP Mussel toxic peptide, a marine biotoxin Meteosat Transition Program, the EUMETSAT programme
MTP
Protein
plasma membrane, and extracellular space. TMEM221 has a predicted signal peptide cleavage site between bases 24 and 25. The only lipid modification TMEM221
TMEM221
Open-Source Workflow Management Platform
Pipelines, also known as workflows, specify the order and conditions of computing steps. They are accomplished by special purpose programs, so-called workflow
Nextflow
Topics referred to by the same term
catalyze the transfer of a sulfo group Heat-stable enterotoxin, secretory peptides produced by some bacterial strains, such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia
ST
Tumor of the adrenal medulla which secretes adrenal hormones
additional benefit of the DOTA analogues is the ability for treatment with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, which will be discussed in the treatment
Pheochromocytoma
of over 20,000 participants concludes that drugs targeting amyloid beta peptides do not meaningfully slow progression of Alzheimer's disease. 6 May – A
2026_in_science
pH at which a molecule carries no net electric charge
machine algorithm and pKa optimization against experimentally known protein/peptide isoelectric points. Moreover, experimentally measured isoelectric point
Isoelectric_point
San Francisco-based venture capital firm
Doug (July 23, 2015). "REX Computing Raises $1.25M to Develop Neo Chip". Inside HPC & AI News | High-Performance Computing & Artificial Intelligence.
Founders_Fund
Field of study in molecular properties
CO2 adsorption) Peptide-based vaccines (e.g. amphiphilic peptide macromolecular assemblies induce a robust immune response) Peptide-containing biopharmaceuticals
Molecular_engineering
Topics referred to by the same term
density function Phi meson, in particle physics Magnetic flux (Φ) Peptide PHI (Peptide histidine isoleucine) 6-phospho-3-hexuloisomerase, an enzyme Phenyl
Phi_(disambiguation)
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
encountered in the field include Protein–ligand (including drug) and protein–peptide. Molecular dynamic simulation of movement of atoms about rotatable bonds
Bioinformatics
Topics referred to by the same term
deaminase, a human enzyme encoded by the AMPD1 gene Antimicrobial peptides, immune system peptides Ampicillin, a common antibiotic Affect misattribution procedure
Amp
Amphibian species from East Asia
60-residue toxic peptide that inhibits ion channels such as tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channels. While these peptides display analgesic
Japanese_tree_frog
Topics referred to by the same term
recording X-rays Polydiethylstilbestrol phosphate, an estrogen Polysaccharide peptide Postsynaptic potential, nerve voltage Pressure-sensitive paint Primary
PSP
Medical tubes inserted in the body to extract or administer substances
hydrophilic compounds, protein-bound and unbound drugs, neurotransmitters, peptides and proteins, antibodies, nanoparticles and nanocarriers, enzymes and vesicles
Catheter
American biologist (born 1938)
to synthesize short sections of DNA; a peptide synthesizer (1984), to combine amino acids into longer peptides and short proteins; the first automated
Leroy_Hood
Central nervous system stimulant prodrug
ISBN 978-1-5063-3894-1. The cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is a peptide neurotransmitter that is produced after psychostimulant administration
Lisdexamfetamine
Canadian computer scientist, University of Waterloo
protein characterization. Originally developed to identify novel peptides through de novo peptide sequencing, the technology has been adapted to address antibody
Ming_Li
Species of snake
is the precursor of a cathelicidin, a type of antimicrobial peptide (AMP). The peptide, Hc-CATH, consists of 30 amino acids derived from cleavage of
Hydrophis_cyanocinctus
Topics referred to by the same term
linear system of equations Structure-inducing probes, a peptide synthesis to stabilize long peptides "Sip", a song from Joeboy Stranka Ivana Pernara, a Croatian
SIP
Extremely small diamonds used for their thermal, mechanical and optoelectronic properties
Nanodiamonds offer an alternative to photonic metamaterials for optical computing. The same single-defect nanodiamonds that can be used to sense magnetic
Nanodiamond
Type of arthritis of the spine
"Interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B27 in ankylosing spondylitis implicates peptide handling in the mechanism for HLA-B27 in disease susceptibility". Nature
Ankylosing_spondylitis
Largest living species of lizard
antibacterial peptide, VK25, from the blood plasma of Komodo dragons. Based on their analysis of this peptide, they have synthesized a short peptide dubbed DRGN-1
Komodo_dragon
Fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs
non-cardiogenic cause such as sepsis or infection. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is available in many hospitals, sometimes even as a point-of-care
Pulmonary_edema
Diagnostic plot of binary classifier ability
Tharwat A. (August 2018). "Classification assessment methods". Applied Computing and Informatics. 17: 168–192. doi:10.1016/j.aci.2018.08.003. "classification
Receiver operating characteristic
Receiver_operating_characteristic
Aspect of molecular biology
using ChIP purifies these samples and can show at which point in time the peptide is being folded. Ribo-Seq can also be used to estimate translation efficiency
Ribosome_profiling
Topics referred to by the same term
only samples of their DNA Peptide mass fingerprinting, in biochemistry, identification of proteins Fingerprint (computing), uniquely identifying data
Fingerprint_(disambiguation)
Type of neurofibromatosis disease
occurs in a deep nerve trunk. Diagnosis by cross-sectional imaging (e.g., computed tomography or magnetic resonance) as a fusiform enlargement of a nerve
Neurofibromatosis_type_I
Eight amino-acid long peptide covalently bonded to a DOTA chelator
DOTA-(Tyr3)-octreotate, and DOTA-0-Tyr3-Octreotate) is an eight amino acid long peptide, with a covalently bonded DOTA bifunctional chelator. DOTA-TATE can be
DOTA-TATE
Drug mixture used mainly to treat ADHD and narcolepsy
neuropeptides (e.g., cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) peptides). Both active ingredients of Adderall, dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine
Adderall
Optimization algorithm
electricity network design Grid workflow scheduling problem Inhibitory peptide design for protein protein interactions Intelligent testing system Power
Ant colony optimization algorithms
Ant_colony_optimization_algorithms
Isotope of indium
formulated as an 111InCl3 solution, it can be used to bind antibodies, peptides, or other molecular targeted proteins or other molecules, typically using
Indium-111
Topics referred to by the same term
in the UK Carbonyldiimidazole, an activating agent used for example for peptide coupling Central diabetes insipidus, an endocrine disorder Clinical documentation
CDI
Combination of cancer diagnosis and treatment
of radiation with diagnostic capabilities. Radiotheranostics, including Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), hold promise for targeted radiotherapy
Theranostics
Central nervous system stimulant
(cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript)-peptide-induced cell signalling have demonstrated that CART peptides activate at least three signalling mechanisms
Amphetamine
Inflammatory bowel disease that causes ulcers in the colon
Schebalin M (April 1978). "Effects of synthetic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin and their partial sequences on gastric secretion". Proceedings
Ulcerative_colitis
methods, secondary structure prediction, and transmembrane helix and signal peptide prediction. Below is a list which separates programs according to the method
List of protein structure prediction software
List_of_protein_structure_prediction_software
Type of intracranial bleeding that occurs within the brain tissue itself
amyloid angiopathy, a disease characterized by deposition of amyloid beta peptides in the walls of the small blood vessels of the brain, leading to weakened
Intracerebral_hemorrhage
Decrease in blood sugar
insulin use is through blood work revealing high insulin levels with low C-peptide and proinsulin. The production of glucose is blocked by alcohol. In those
Hypoglycemia
Disease causing insufficient blood cells of all types
amino acid residues) expressed by CD34+ cells. Several kinectin-derived peptides can be processed and presented by HLA I and can induce antigen-specific
Aplastic_anemia
File format for protein data
collagen-like peptide): HEADER EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX 22-JAN-98 1A3I TITLE X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF A COLLAGEN-LIKE TITLE 2 PEPTIDE WITH THE REPEATING
Protein Data Bank (file format)
Protein_Data_Bank_(file_format)
Chemical compound
range of bacteria. Tyrothricin was later found to be a mixture of the peptides gramicidin and tyrocidine. These were observed to have toxic effects in
Tyrocidine
Endocrine gland in the neck
two thyroid hormones – triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) – and a peptide hormone, calcitonin. The thyroid hormones influence the metabolic rate
Thyroid
France-based pharmaceutical group
is LUTATHERA, a Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate labeled somatostatin analogue peptide, a theragnostic cancer product being developed to treat certain gastro-entero
Advanced Accelerator Applications
Advanced_Accelerator_Applications
Rod-shaped, gram-negative bacterium
experimentally. Mateus et al. 2020 detected 2,586 proteins with at least 2 peptides (60% of all proteins). Although much fewer bacterial proteins seem to have
Escherichia_coli
Blockage of an artery in the lungs
causing ECG changes and small rises in troponin and brain natriuretic peptide levels. PEs are sometimes described as massive, submassive, and nonmassive
Pulmonary_embolism
Class of CNS depressant drugs
"Protein β-turn mimetics I. Design, synthesis, and evaluation in model cyclic peptides". Tetrahedron. 49 (17): 3593–3608. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)90217-0. Hata
Benzodiazepine
Tyrannosaurus rex: insights from a nearly complete skeleton and high-resolution computed tomographic analysis of the skull". Memoirs of the Society of Vertebrate
Specimens_of_Tyrannosaurus
Type of endocrine gland cancer
PanNETs absorb specific peptides or hormones, and these PanNETs may respond to nuclear medicine therapy with radiolabeled peptides or hormones such as iobenguane
Pancreatic_cancer
Molecular dynamics software package
not-for-profit computing centers with non-profit users, and US$25000 for industrial purposes (US$20000 for recurring customers). Use by for-profit computing centers
AMBER
Topics referred to by the same term
Antofagasta, Chile Administrative Normal Form, a representation used in computing Agitated Nutsche Filter, a type of filter for liquid Algebraic normal
ANF
and peptide sequences from DDBJ databases. EMBL – The flatfile format used by the EMBL to represent database records for nucleotide and peptide sequences
List_of_file_formats
Medical condition
medication as in type 2 diabetes. Generally speaking, routine measurement of C-peptide as a measure of insulin production is not recommended unless there is genuine
Diabetic_ketoacidosis
Transmission of information
"Multiple Genes Coding for Precursors of Rhodotorucine A, a Farnesyl Peptide Mating Pheromone of the Basidiomycetous Yeast Rhodosporidium Toruloides"
Communication
Nonlinear two-terminal fundamental circuit element
imaging physical neural networks, control systems, reconfigurable computing, in-memory computing, brain–computer interfaces and RFID. Memristive devices are
Memristor
Vertebrate organ involved in metabolism
Vincent (2015). "Identification, evolution and expression of an insulin-like peptide in the cephalochordate Branchiostoma lanceolatum". PLOS ONE. 10 (3) e0119461
Liver
Professor of Behavioral Medicine and Neuroscience
ghrelin and peptide YY during smoking cessation. Addictive Behaviors, 118:106866. Lemieux, A.M., & al'Absi, M. (2018). Changes in circulating peptide YY and
Mustafa_al'Absi
Surface area of a biomolecule accessible to a solvent
method. Implicit solvation Van der Waals surface VADAR tool for analyzing peptide and protein structures Relative accessible surface area Lee, B; Richards
Accessible_surface_area
Infectious disease caused by Borrelia bacteria, spread by ticks
immunoassays, a whole-cell sonicate enzyme immunoassay followed by a VlsE C6 peptide enzyme immunoassay". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 53 (6): 541–547. doi:10
Lyme_disease
Tropane alkaloid and stimulant drug
serum concentrations of ghrelin, amylin, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin, leptin and peptide YY and relationships with cardiorespiratory and subjective
Cocaine
Correlation of a signal with a time-shifted copy of itself, as a function of shift
SHIP/M/∞ Queue". Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability. 25: 38. doi:10.1007/s11009-023-10003-8. "Computing Sum of the Sample Autocorrelation
Autocorrelation
General three-dimensional form of local segments of proteins
hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the
Protein_secondary_structure
Loss of skeletal muscle mass
This involves specific proteins being tagged for destruction by a small peptide called ubiquitin which allows recognition by the proteasome to degrade
Muscle_atrophy
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
disease. Aβ plaques are dense, mostly insoluble deposits of amyloid beta peptide and cellular material outside and around neurons. Neurofibrillary tangles
Alzheimer's_disease
CNS stimulant and isomer of amphetamine
region contain cell bodies that produce the orexin (also called hypocretin) peptides (Chapter 6). These neurons project widely throughout the brain and are
Dextroamphetamine
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PEPTIDE COMPUTING
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PEPTIDE COMPUTING
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PEPTIDE COMPUTING
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