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Computer programming methodology
used regarding assembly instruction sets, as orthogonal instruction set. Orthogonality in a programming language means that a relatively small set of
Orthogonality_(programming)
Various meanings of the terms
Orthogonality is a term with various meanings depending on the context. In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of
Orthogonality
Characteristic of state of a computer system that outlives the process that created it
Copy-on-write CRUD Java Data Objects Java Persistence API System prevalence Orthogonality Service Data Object Snapshot (computer storage) Atkinson, M.P.; Bailey
Persistence (computer science)
Persistence_(computer_science)
Language for controlling a computer
programming, assembly languages (or second-generation programming languages—2GLs) were invented, diverging from the machine language to make programs
Programming_language
Programming language
arithmetic, unlimited-sized lists and strings, and other features supporting orthogonality and ease of use by novices Polymorphic commands and functions Interactive
ABC_(programming_language)
Real square matrix whose columns and rows are orthogonal unit vectors
not true; having a determinant of ±1 is no guarantee of orthogonality, even with orthogonal columns, as shown by the following counterexample. [ 2 0
Orthogonal_matrix
Method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies
in 1971 with the introduction of a guard interval, providing better orthogonality in transmission channels affected by multipath propagation. Each subcarrier
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
Orthogonal_frequency-division_multiplexing
Object-oriented programming language
Modula-3, and Self. The main goals of the project were extensibility, orthogonality, efficiency, and ease-of-use. The language supports multiple dispatch
Cecil_(programming_language)
Principle of software development
ISBN 978-0-201-61622-4. Dave Thomas, interviewed by Bill Venners (2003-10-10). "Orthogonality and the DRY Principle". Retrieved 2006-12-01. Object Oriented Software
Don't_repeat_yourself
Non-functional requirements for system evaluation
manageability mobility modifiability modularity observability operability orthogonality portability precision predictability process capabilities producibility
List of system quality attributes
List_of_system_quality_attributes
Bundling of data
object-oriented programming, while some programming languages that provide lexical closures view encapsulation as a feature of the language orthogonal to object
Encapsulation (computer programming)
Encapsulation_(computer_programming)
history of programming languages spans from documentation of early mechanical computers to modern tools for software development. Early programming languages
History of programming languages
History_of_programming_languages
Functional programming language
typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including
Haskell
Family of microcontrollers
serial programming, high-voltage serial programming and parallel programming, as well as JTAG or debugWIRE emulation for parts with 32 KB of program memory
AVR_microcontrollers
Polynomial sequence
{n-m}{2}}\left[x^{n+m}\left(x^{2}-1\right)^{\frac {n-m}{2}}\right].} The orthogonality in the radial part reads ∫ 0 1 2 n + 2 R n m ( ρ ) 2 n ′ + 2 R n ′ m
Zernike_polynomials
annual conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications Open/closed principle Orthogonality Overload Package Parametric overloading
Index of object-oriented programming articles
Index_of_object-oriented_programming_articles
Functional programming language for arrays
symbols instead of APL symbols. APL (named after the book A Programming Language) is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson. Its
APL_(programming_language)
Procedural, imperative computer programming language
PL/I (Programming Language One, pronounced /piː ɛl wʌn/ and sometimes written PL/1) is a procedural, imperative computer programming language initially
PL/I
Type of computer instruction set
often simulate orthogonality in a preprocessing step before performing the actual tasks in a RISC-like core. This "simulated orthogonality" in general is
Orthogonal_instruction_set
Design principle for computer programming
Coupling (computer science) Holism Modular design Modular programming Orthogonality § Computer science Single-responsibility principle Ghezzi, Carlo; Jazayeri
Separation_of_concerns
concurrent and parallel programming languages, categorizing them by a defining paradigm. Concurrent and parallel programming languages involve multiple
List of concurrent and parallel programming languages
List_of_concurrent_and_parallel_programming_languages
Mathematical operation
"Geometry of Numbers" (1896 and 1910). One measure of nearly orthogonal is the orthogonality defect. This compares the product of the lengths of the basis
Lattice_reduction
General-purpose functional programming language
functional programming language with compile-time type checking and type inference. It is popular for writing compilers, for programming language research
Standard_ML
Mathematical problem
order, all pairs of which are orthogonal is called a set of mutually orthogonal Latin squares. This concept of orthogonality in combinatorics is strongly
Mutually orthogonal Latin squares
Mutually_orthogonal_Latin_squares
Method of data analysis
have a high degree of column collinearity, NIPALS suffers from loss of orthogonality of PCs due to machine precision round-off errors accumulated in each
Principal_component_analysis
Family of backward-compatible assembly languages
x86 assembly language is a family of low-level programming languages that are used to produce object code for the x86 class of processors. Previous evolutions
X86_assembly_language
Statistical sampling technique
Zeigler, D.K. (1980). Latin hypercube sampling (program user's guide). OSTI 5571631. Tang, B. (1993). "Orthogonal Array-Based Latin Hypercubes". Journal of
Latin_hypercube_sampling
Inherent flaw in computer instructions
guidelines and defensive programming can prevent easy-to-miss typographical errors (typos). For example, most C-family programming languages allow the omission
Software_bug
Term for abstraction in computer programming
although the term is not normally applied. Magic number (programming) Black box Cargo cult programming Nothing-up-my-sleeve number "perlguts – perldoc.perl
Magic_(programming)
Relational database programming language
declarative programming language, not an imperative programming language like C or BASIC. However, extensions to Standard SQL add procedural programming language
SQL
American mathematician
condition numbers of random matrices, the geometry of algorithms with orthogonality constraints, the geometry of the generalized singular value decomposition
Alan_Edelman
Multiparadigm programming language
a multiparadigm programming language, developed in the Programming Systems Lab at Université catholique de Louvain, for programming-language education
Oz_(programming_language)
Means of projecting three-dimensional objects in two dimensions
Orthographic projection, or orthogonal projection (also analemma), is a means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. Orthographic
Orthographic_projection
Programming language
of design of ALGOL 68 are: Completeness and clarity of description Orthogonality of design Security Efficiency: Static mode checking Mode-independent
ALGOL_68
Quality of software relevant to reuse
Generic Localization of volatile/changeable design assumptions Modularity Orthogonality Simple (low complexity) Stability under changing requirements Code reuse
Reusability
Concept in statistics
loadings (squared correlations between variables and factors). Preserving orthogonality requires that it is a rotation that leaves the sub-space invariant.
Varimax_rotation
Symbol used in mathematics and logic
relation symbol used to represent: Perpendicularity of lines in geometry Orthogonality in linear algebra Independence of random variables in probability theory
Up_tack
Coordinate system using perpendicular axes
origin and has (0, 0) as coordinates. The axes directions represent an orthogonal basis. The combination of origin and basis forms a coordinate frame called
Cartesian_coordinate_system
Hypothesized risk to human existence
valuable from the perspective of an artificial intelligence. Bostrom's "orthogonality thesis" argues instead that almost any level of intelligence can be
Existential risk from artificial intelligence
Existential_risk_from_artificial_intelligence
while numeric character references are most often produced by computer programs. 65 characters, including DEL. All belong to the common script. Footnotes:
List_of_Unicode_characters
Form of type polymorphism
context" are defined by a given type formalism or programming language. The type system of a programming language essentially defines its own subtyping relation
Subtyping
Orthogonal wavelets
2A−1 possible solutions of the algebraic equations for the moment and orthogonality conditions, the one is chosen whose scaling filter has extremal phase
Daubechies_wavelet
Book by Andrei Alexandrescu
Modern C++ Design: Generic Programming and Design Patterns Applied is a book written by Andrei Alexandrescu, published in 2001 by Addison-Wesley. It has
Modern_C++_Design
Topics referred to by the same term
S-expression, in a symbolic language like Lisp Atomicity, an element of orthogonality in a component-based system Atomicity, in order theory; see Atom (order
Atomicity
Type of programming language
multi-threaded multiprocessor, or networked—under a single model. Its orthogonality allows processes computing in different languages and platforms to interoperate
Linda_(coordination_language)
Family of programming languages
short for "Algorithmic Language") is a family of imperative computer programming languages originally developed in 1958. ALGOL heavily influenced many
ALGOL
Type system
"Interlanguage Migration: From Scripts to Programs". Proceedings of the Symposium on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Companion Volume. Portland, OR
Gradual_typing
Mathematical technique for manipulating signals
longer completely orthogonal functions. But when A(t) and φ(t) are slowly varying functions compared to 2πft, the assumption of orthogonality is a common one
In-phase and quadrature components
In-phase_and_quadrature_components
Optimization algorithm
{\displaystyle \mathbf {A} } is the primary cause of the slow convergence, and orthogonality of successive residuals reinforces this alternation. As shown in the
Gradient_descent
English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)
October 1996). "The gravitational Hamiltonian in the presence of non-orthogonal boundaries". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 13 (10): 2735–2752. arXiv:gr-qc/9603050
Stephen_Hawking
Family of instruction set architectures
selectively when necessary. (The main benefit of the sib byte is the orthogonality and more powerful addressing modes it provides, which make it possible
X86
Mathematical model of computation
linguistics, computer science, philosophy, biology, mathematics, video game programming, and logic. Finite-state machines are a class of automata studied in
Finite-state_machine
Country in Southeast Europe
first city of the modern Greek state to develop a city plan applying the orthogonal rule by Stamatis Voulgaris, a Greek engineer of the French army, in 1829
Greece
Right-angled non-convex polyhedron
Jessen's icosahedron, sometimes called Jessen's orthogonal icosahedron, is a non-convex polyhedron with the same numbers of vertices, edges, and faces
Jessen's_icosahedron
2017 browser-based video game
paperclips. Lantz argues that Universal Paperclips reflects a version of the orthogonality thesis, which states that an agent can theoretically have any combination
Universal_Paperclips
Checking software against a standard
plus when programming tools/text editors check source code structure or compilers (precompilers) check syntax and data flow as static program analysis
Software_testing
Four-dimensional number system
the device. "Rotating objects using quaternions". gamedeveloper.com/programming. article describing to the use of Quaternions for rotation in video games/computer
Quaternion
Area of mathematical analysis
replaces the orthogonality arguments of Fourier theory with almost-orthogonality methods that are suited to situations where orthogonality is no longer
Harmonic_analysis
Abstract strategy board game for two players
stones) is captured when surrounded by the opponent's stones on all orthogonally adjacent points. The game proceeds until neither player wishes to make
Go_(game)
State machines and generalizations in UML
finite-state machine (FSM). The concept of a FSM is important in event-driven programming because it makes the event handling explicitly dependent on both the
UML_state_machine
include calculating grid quantities (e.g. aspect ratios, skewness, orthogonality and stretch factors), normalizing data; Deriving flow field functions
Tecplot
Two-dimensional cellular automaton
various programming languages, including C, C++, Java and Python can be found at Rosetta Code. There are now thousands of Game of Life programs online
Conway's_Game_of_Life
Multidimensional search tree for points in k dimensional space
a k-dimensional space. K-dimensional is that which concerns exactly k orthogonal axes or a space of any number of dimensions. k-d trees are a useful data
K-d_tree
Quantum key distribution protocol - B92
received states using a corresponding measurement basis. Due to the non-orthogonality of the states, any eavesdropper (Eve) attempting to intercept the communication
B92_protocol
Mathematical inequality relating inner products and norms
A} has an eigenvector, then the spectral theorem follows by taking the orthogonal complement and arguing by induction on the dimension of the inner product
Cauchy–Schwarz_inequality
Most widely known generalized inverse of a matrix
Octave programming language provides a pseudoinverse through the standard package function pinv and the pseudo_inverse() method. In Julia (programming language)
Moore–Penrose_inverse
New Zealand mathematician
Axiomatising the Logic of Computer Programming, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 130, Springer-Verlag. 1987: Orthogonality and Spacetime Geometry, Universitext
Robert_Goldblatt
Region in spacetime from which nothing can escape
and time warps: Einstein's outrageous legacy. The Commonwealth Fund Book Program. New York / London: Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-31276-8. Ashtekar, Abhay; Krishnan
Event_horizon
Model of communication of seven abstraction layers
OSI Reference Model, nor any OSI protocol specifications, outline any programming interfaces, other than deliberately abstract service descriptions. Protocol
OSI_model
Hypothetical FTL transportation by warping space
tachyons by placing in advance some devices along the travel path and programming them to come into operation at preassigned moments and to operate in
Alcubierre_drive
Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)
equivalence between matrix games and linear programming. Later, von Neumann suggested a new method of linear programming, using the homogeneous linear system
John_von_Neumann
(non-array-oriented) programming languages. It is also a generalization of mapcar in the language Lisp and map in modern functional programming languages, and
Rank_(J_programming_language)
Strategy board game
capture both diagonally and orthogonally, recovering some of Alquerque's original versatility. Turkish draughts retained orthogonal movement and developed
Checkers
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) special interest group
Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group (SIG) on programming languages. This SIG explores programming language concepts and tools, focusing on design,
SIGPLAN
Polygon intersected up to twice by lines orthogonal to a given line
plane is called monotone with respect to a straight line L, if every line orthogonal to L intersects the boundary of P at most twice. Similarly, a polygonal
Monotone_polygon
Method of software testing
done using well-defined mutation operators that either mimic typical programming errors (such as using the wrong operator or variable name) or force the
Mutation_testing
Average uncertainty in variable's states
Rosetta Code—repository of implementations of Shannon entropy in different programming languages. Entropy Archived 31 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine an interdisciplinary
Entropy_(information_theory)
Ancient Indian strategy board game
elephant in Korean janggi has the same move, but outward from an initial orthogonal step, also without the ability to jump over an intervening piece or pawn
Chaturanga
Family of wireless network protocols
spread spectrum on a single carrier, whereas 802.11a, Wi-Fi 4, 5 and 6 use orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. Channels are used half duplex and can
Wi-Fi
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
seventeen, he enrolled in the mathematics and physics teaching diploma program at the Swiss federal polytechnic school in Zurich, graduating in 1900.
Albert_Einstein
Discrete Fourier transform algorithm
Multiplication – fast Fourier algorithm Fast Fourier transform — FFT – FFT programming in C++ – the Cooley–Tukey algorithm Online documentation, links, book
Fast_Fourier_transform
Problem in combinatorial optimization
co-NP-complete. There is a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm using dynamic programming. There is a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme, which uses the
Knapsack_problem
Mathematical operation on vectors in 3D space
many applications in mathematics, physics, engineering, and computer programming. It should not be confused with the dot product (projection product)
Cross_product
Series of 16-bit minicomputers
It is commonly stated that the C programming language took advantage of several low-level PDP-11–dependent programming features, albeit not originally
PDP-11
Family of linear transformations
transformations which leaves this quadratic form invariant is the indefinite orthogonal group O(3,1), a Lie group. In other words, the Lorentz group is O(3,1)
Lorentz_transformation
Ancient Roman city
into an orthogonal plan, with space allotted for civic, sacred, and private architecture. The plan represents a subtle adaptation of an orthogonal plan to
Cosa
Feature of some programming languages
object-oriented programming languages for decades, these issues become more complicated in the multiple-dispatch case. In most popular programming languages
Multiple_dispatch
Oceanographic term for variations in salinity and potential temperature
the orthogonality of the density with spiciness and the used scaling factor of potential temperature and salinity. McDougall claims that orthogonality should
Spice_(oceanography)
Drug that never made it to the market
ε-amino group of lysine and an γ-carboxy group of aspartic acid have their orthogonal protection removed before undergoing a carbodiimide mediated lactamization
Melanotan_II
Algebraic operation on coordinate vectors
B) Julia as A' * B or standard library LinearAlgebra as dot(A, B) R (programming language) as sum(A * B) for vectors or, more generally for matrices,
Dot_product
Coefficients coupled with angular momentum
transformation between these two bases, and this unitarity implies the orthogonality relations ( 2 j 3 + 1 ) ∑ m 1 m 2 ( j 1 j 2 j 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) ( j 1
3-j_symbol
Relation between sides of a right triangle
of perpendicularity is replaced by the concept of orthogonality: two vectors v and w are orthogonal if their inner product ⟨ v , w ⟩ {\displaystyle \langle
Pythagorean_theorem
Mathematical operation
}(k)J_{\nu }(kr)\,k\,\mathrm {d} k,} which can be readily verified using the orthogonality relationship described below. Inverting a Hankel transform of a function
Hankel_transform
Aspect of relativity in physics
and time warps: Einstein's outrageous legacy. The Commonwealth Fund Book Program. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-03505-6. Susskind, Leonard (2008)
Gravitational_wave
a fixed point is rotation Euler's theorem (differential geometry) – Orthogonality of the directions of the principal curvatures of a surface Euler's theorem
List of topics named after Leonhard Euler
List_of_topics_named_after_Leonhard_Euler
Set of vectors used to define coordinates
dependence or exact orthogonality. Therefore, the notion of ε-orthogonality is used. For spaces with inner product, x is ε-orthogonal to y if | ⟨ x , y
Basis_(linear_algebra)
Aspect of the instruction set architecture of CPUs
programming language, used for stack pop operations. Pre decrement The decrementing of an address prior to use, similar to *--p in the C programming language
Addressing_mode
Principle of relational database design
"A New Database Design Principle" in the July 1994 issue of Database Programming and Design and reprinted several times. It is the second of the two principles
Principle of orthogonal design
Principle_of_orthogonal_design
Unit of quantum information
(qudit with radix 3), that may be in a superposition of three mutually orthogonal quantum states. The qutrit is analogous to the classical radix-3 trit
Qutrit
Hypothesis about intelligent agents
agents may have various possible final goals. Note that by Bostrom's orthogonality thesis, final goals of knowledgeable agents may be well-bounded in space
Instrumental_convergence
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
Boy/Male
African, Australian, Japanese, Malawi
Warrior; From Ngoni
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
This was the name of an intelligent learned woman who had command over different languages, Turkish, Arabic, French, English and was an expert in different fields
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Happy fortunate
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kashmira | காஷà¯à®®à¯€à®°à®¾
From kashmir
Girl/Female
Tamil
Divyani | திவà¯à®¯à®¾à®¨à¯€
Heart of Avi
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dinanath | தீநாநாதÂ
Lord of the poor, Protector
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from the personal name Ray.
Male
English
Middle English form of Anglo-Saxon Eádgár, EDGAR means "rich spear."
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Name of a River
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, French, German, Italian, Latin, Portuguese, Shakespearean
Youthful; Downy-bearded; Variant of Julia; Jove's Child; Star Crossed Lover in the Shakespearian Tragedy Romeo and Juliet; Youth; Descended from Jupiter (Jove); Soft Bearded; Star Crossed Love
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
ORTHOGONALITY PROGRAMMING
n.
Orthodoxness.
adv.
Perpendicularly; at right angles; as, a curve cuts a set of curves orthogonally.