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Concept in theoretical physics
In theoretical physics orientifold is a generalization of the notion of orbifold, proposed by Augusto Sagnotti in 1987. The novelty is that in the case
Orientifold
Theory of subatomic structure
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
String_theory
Aspect of theoretical physics
Augusto Sagnotti in 1988, the type I string theory can be obtained as an orientifold of type IIB string theory, with 32 half-D9-branes added in the vacuum
Type_I_string_theory
Riemannian manifold with SU(n) holonomy
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Calabi–Yau_manifold
Compact astronomical body
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Black_hole
Theories in particle physics and cosmology
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Brane_cosmology
American physicist
non-perturbative (exact) planar equivalence between super-Yang–Mills and orientifold non-supersymmetric theories (2003); (viii) non-Abelian flux tubes and
Mikhail_Shifman
Geometric space whose points represent algebro-geometric objects of some fixed kind
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Moduli_space
Principle in theoretical physics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Holographic_principle
Hypothetical elementary particle that mediates gravity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Graviton
Extended objects found in string theory
Dirichlet-brane (D-brane) for the resulting object (this paper also coins orientifold for another object that arises under string T-duality). A 1989 paper
D-brane
Italian theoretical physicist
propose, in 1987, that the type I string theory can be obtained as an orientifold of type IIB string theory, with 32 half-D9-branes added in the vacuum
Augusto_Sagnotti
Aspect of theoretical physics
theory with the coupling 1/g. This equivalence is known as S-duality. Orientifold of type IIB string theory leads to type I string theory. The mathematical
Type_II_string_theory
Technique in theoretical physics
Stieberger, "Four-dimensional string compactifications with D-branes, orientifolds and fluxes", Physics Reports 445, 1–193 (2007). arXiv:hep-th/0610327
Compactification_(physics)
Hypothetical faster-than-light particle
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Tachyon
Framework of superstring theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
M-theory
important contributions to string theory (most notably the discovery of the orientifold, which connects type I string theory to type IIB string theory). Giovanni
List of quantum gravity researchers
List_of_quantum_gravity_researchers
Lie algebra, usually infinite-dimensional
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Kac–Moody_algebra
Unified field theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Kaluza–Klein_theory
Extended physical object in string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Brane
248-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
E8_(mathematics)
Theory of strings with supersymmetry
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Superstring_theory
Manifold with Riemannian, complex and symplectic structure
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Kähler_manifold
Hypothetical particle decay process of a proton
dimensions (5D) models; and in string theory variants using D6-branes and orientifolds. As a final consideration, while Supersymmetry addresses many interesting
Proton_decay
Type of smooth complex surface of kodaira dimension 0
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
K3_surface
Branch of string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
F-theory
Formalism in string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
String_field_theory
Type of 2D conformal field theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Wess–Zumino–Witten_model
In physics and geometry: conjectured relation between pairs of Calabi–Yau manifolds
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Mirror symmetry (string theory)
Mirror_symmetry_(string_theory)
Collection of possible string theory vacua
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
String_theory_landscape
Duality between theories of gravity on anti-de Sitter space and conformal field theories
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
AdS/CFT_correspondence
Type of geometry in mathematics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Ricci-flat_manifold
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
S-brane
Diagrams describing the matter content
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Quiver_diagram
Set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Matrix_string_theory
Seven-dimensional Riemannian manifold
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
G2_manifold
26-dimensional string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Bosonic_string_theory
Peruvian theoretical physicist (b. 1954)
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Barton_Zwiebach
Type of Riemannian manifold
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Hyperkähler_manifold
Quantum mechanical model based on mathematical matrices
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Matrix_theory_(physics)
52-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
F4_(mathematics)
Equivalence of two physical theories
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
S-duality
Solitons in Euclidean spacetime
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Instanton
Process in particle physics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Tachyon_condensation
Physics concept of subatomic structure
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Heterotic_string_theory
Application of K-theory in string theory
Hanany & Kol (2000) used it to argue that there are eight species of orientifold one-plane. Uranga (2001) applied the K-theory classification to derive
K-theory_(physics)
Simple Lie group; the automorphism group of the octonions
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
G2_(mathematics)
Strong-weak duality in supersymmetric theories of theoretical physics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Montonen–Olive_duality
Candidate "Theory of Everything"
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Introduction_to_M-theory
Eight-dimensional Riemannian manifold
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Spin(7)-manifold
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Supersymmetry
Asymmetry of classical and quantum action
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Anomaly_(physics)
Ten-dimensional supergravity
{\mathcal {N}}=2} theory in four dimensions, while reduction on a Calabi–Yau orientifold further breaks the symmetry down to give the phenomenologically viable
Type_IIA_supergravity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
History_of_string_theory
Invariant action in bosonic string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Nambu–Goto_action
Generalized manifold
Geometric quotient Kawasaki's Riemann–Roch formula Orbifold notation Orientifold Ring of modular forms Stack (mathematics) Satake 1956. Thurston 1978–1981
Orbifold
Breakdown of conformal symmetry at the quantum level
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Conformal_anomaly
78-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
E6_(mathematics)
manifold Spin(7) manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten domain wall K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
List_of_string_theory_topics
Unobservable spacetime curves needed to describe Dirac monopoles
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Dirac_string
Hypothetical particle
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Dilaton
Type of Lie algebra of interest in physics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Loop_algebra
Base space for supersymmetric theories
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Superspace
Generalization of a manifold
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Conifold
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Twisted_K-theory
Secondary characteristic classes of 3-manifolds
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Chern–Simons_form
Superstring quantization approach
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
GS_formalism
Hypothetical physical entity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
String_(physics)
2D conformal field theory used in string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Polyakov_action
Class of quantum field theory models
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Non-linear_sigma_model
Class of symmetries in string theory
type IIB superstring theories with certain boundary conditions (termed orientifold). Formally, the location of the string on the circle is described by
String_duality
Two-form field
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Kalb–Ramond_field
Hypothetical model through which W and Z bosons acquire mass
1016/0370-2693(89)91265-3. Sannino, Francesco & Tuominen, Kimmo (2005). "Orientifold theory dynamics and symmetry breaking". Physical Review D. 71 (5) 051901
Technicolor_(physics)
Generalization of electrodynamics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
P-form_electrodynamics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
List of quantum field theories
List_of_quantum_field_theories
Concept in mathematical physics
the compactifications of the 10-dimensional string with a subsequent orientifold projection κ {\displaystyle \kappa } using an involution ν {\displaystyle
Hitchin_functional
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Ramond–Ramond_field
Hypothetical particle dual to the photon
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Dual_photon
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Hořava–Witten_theory
Generalization of a black hole to higher dimensions
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Black_brane
Hypothetical particle found in supergravity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Dual_graviton
Indian theoretical physicist
ISBN 978-3-642-25946-3. S2CID 53391911. Atish Dabholkar (1998). "Lectures on Orientifolds and Duality". High Energy Physics and Cosmology, ICTP Proceedings. 14:
Atish_Dabholkar
Brane in eleven-dimensional supergravity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
M2-brane
133-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
E7_(mathematics)
Lower energy limit in string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield bound
Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield_bound
Theoretical process
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Hanany–Witten_transition
Theory of supergravity in four dimensions
But if the type II theories are instead compactified on a Calabi–Yau orientifold, which breaks even more of the supersymmetry, the result is also an N
4D_N_=_1_supergravity
Mathematical concept
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Worldsheet
Algebra used in 2D conformal field theories and string theory
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Vertex_operator_algebra
Property of a differential manifold that includes complex structures
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Generalized_complex_structure
optical materials Organic photorefractive materials Organic superconductor Orientifold Orifice plate Origin of avian flight Ornstein–Zernike equation Orr–Sommerfeld
Index_of_physics_articles_(O)
Algebra combining both supersymmetry and conformal symmetry
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Superconformal_algebra
fluxes; and the presence of additional objects such as D-branes and orientifold planes. The full physics of string theory can always be thought of as
String_background
Black brane solution in eleven-dimensional supergravity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
M5-brane
Conjectured duality combining S-duality and T-duality
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
U-duality
Modern theory of gravitation that combines supersymmetry and general relativity
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Supergravity
American theoretical physicist
November 2001). "Chiral four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric type IIA orientifolds from intersecting D6-branes". Nuclear Physics B. 615 (1–3): 3–32. arXiv:hep-th/0107166
Gary_Shiu
Algebraic structure used in theoretical physics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Supergroup_(physics)
Algebraic structure used in theoretical physics
manifold Spin(7)-manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten theory K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory
Lie_superalgebra
Antimatter research project
M.; Haack, M.; Körs, B. (1 June 2004). "Brane/flux interactions in orientifolds". Fortschritte der Physik. 52 (67): 583–589. arXiv:hep-th/0312172. Bibcode:2004ForPh
ATHENA_experiment
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD
Boy/Male
Indian
Mind
Girl/Female
Indian
Fragrance
Girl/Female
Tamil
Malliga | மலà¯à®²à®¿à®•à®¾
Jasmine
Female
English
Contracted form of Spanish Adelmira, ALMIRA means "nobly famous."Â In use by the English, as is its variant Elmira.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Christian, Hebrew
Replacer; Supplanter
Boy/Male
Muslim
Single, Unique
Biblical
a hole; liberty; whiteness
Boy/Male
Muslim
Larkspur
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Serves God.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Satisfaction
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD
ORIENTIFOLD