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Programming language dialect and development environment
Microsoft Small Basic is a programming language, interpreter and associated IDE. Microsoft's simplified variant of BASIC, it is designed to help students
Microsoft_Small_Basic
Programming language
Microsoft BASIC is the foundation software product of the Microsoft company and evolved into a line of BASIC interpreters and compiler(s) adapted for many
Microsoft_BASIC
Object-oriented computer programming language
Visual Basic (VB), originally called Visual Basic .NET (VB.NET), is a multi-paradigm, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft and implemented
Visual_Basic_(.NET)
BASIC programming language dialect
[we have] reviewed. " Microsoft Small Basic "Browse Files for SmallBASIC". 5 March 2026. Retrieved 11 March 2026. "About SmallBASIC". ASCII-World. 22 February
SmallBASIC
Family of programming languages
BASIC[citation needed]. The emergence of microcomputers in the mid-1970s led to the development of multiple BASIC dialects, including Microsoft BASIC
BASIC
Programming language interpreter software, first product developed by Microsoft
computers. It was Microsoft's first product (as Micro-Soft), distributed by MITS under a contract. Altair BASIC was the start of the Microsoft BASIC product range
Altair_BASIC
Color BASIC MBASIC Spectravideo Extended BASIC TRS-80 Level II BASIC Microsoft MACRO-80 Microsoft Macro Assembler Microsoft Small Basic Microsoft Visual
List_of_Microsoft_software
Microsoft's programming language based on BASIC and COM
associated integrated development environment (IDE). Visual Basic was developed by Microsoft for Windows, and is known for supporting rapid application
Visual_Basic_(classic)
IDE for the BASIC programming language
of redirect targets Microsoft Small Basic – Programming language dialect and development environment "Differences Between GW-BASIC and QBasic". 2003-05-12
QBasic
Outlook 2000. This compilation would later become widespread as Microsoft Office 2003 Basic. 1 Office Customization Tool is used to customize the installation
History_of_Microsoft_Office
Traditional first example of a computer programming language
"Hello, world". A small piece of code in most general-purpose programming languages, this program is used to illustrate a language's basic syntax. Such a
Hello,_world
1973 book of computer programs
1975). 101 BASIC Computer Games. DEC. "Vintage BASIC - Download". Archived version of GW-BASIC Microsoft Small Basic website Small Basic Computer Games
BASIC_Computer_Games
Spreadsheet editor by Microsoft
programming language called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). Excel forms part of the Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Office suites of software and has
Microsoft_Excel
IBM PC DOS. AlphaBasic Altair BASIC (a.k.a. MITS 4K BASIC, MITS 8K BASIC, Altair Disk Extended BASIC) (Altair 8800, S-100) – Microsoft's first product Altair
List_of_BASIC_dialects
Programming language
of the Microsoft BASIC interpreter, licensed from Microsoft for the PC and PCjr. They are known as Cassette BASIC, Disk BASIC, Advanced BASIC (BASICA)
IBM_BASIC
Computer programming language and learning project
can't code” by David Brin, which also inspired the creation of Microsoft Small Basic. Its main focus is to provide a simple and comprehensive environment
Basic-256
American author
David Ahl. Basic Computer Games: Microsoft Small Basic Edition — Special 30th Anniversary Edition Edited by David H. Ahl David Ahl's Small Basic Computer
David_H._Ahl
Office suite by Microsoft
2003. Microsoft Office Shortcut Bar was removed. Microsoft released five separate editions of Office 2003: Basic, Student and Teacher, Standard, Small Business
Microsoft_Office_2003
Integrated development environment by Microsoft
list of integrated development environments GitHub Copilot Microsoft Small Basic Microsoft Visual Studio Express Visual Studio Code Version 13.0 was skipped
Visual_Studio
Desktop publishing software
Microsoft Publisher is a desktop publishing application from Microsoft, differing from Microsoft Word in that the emphasis is placed on page layout and
Microsoft_Publisher
Dialect of Microsoft BASIC programming language
Applesoft BASIC is a dialect of Microsoft BASIC, developed by Marc McDonald and Ric Weiland, supplied with Apple II computers. It supersedes Integer BASIC and
Applesoft_BASIC
Basic-256 Basic4GL BlueJ Catrobat Ch CodeMonkey DialogOS DrJava DrRacket Etoys GAMA Platform Greenfoot jGRASP Kodu Game Lab Kojo Mama Microsoft Small
List of integrated development environments
List_of_integrated_development_environments
Graphical authoring tool with flowcharts
Other educational programming languages include: Alice DRAKON LARP Microsoft Small Basic Raptor Scratch Blockly, interface used by Scratch to make the code
Flowgorithm
Indian-origin technology executive and entrepreneur
Language/Runtime, and the Visual Studio editor. As a side project at Microsoft he created Small Basic, an educational programming language and IDE for beginners
Vijaye_Raji
Python IDE
environments for Python programming language Toolbox Kojo JUDO BASIC-256 Microsoft Small Basic "Release 5.0.0". 25 April 2026. Retrieved 26 April 2026. Annamaa
Thonny
Dialect of the BASIC programming language
MBASIC is the Microsoft BASIC implementation of BASIC for the CP/M operating system. MBASIC is a descendant of the original Altair BASIC interpreters that
MBASIC
Interpreter that enables users to enter and run programs in the BASIC language
importance. Microsoft's first product for sale was a BASIC interpreter (Altair BASIC), which paved the way for the company's success. Before Altair BASIC, microcomputers
BASIC_interpreter
Computer programming language
implemented in 2014. POOL programs are compiled and run in the graphical IDE on Microsoft Windows. A simplified, cross-platform environment is available for systems
Logo_(programming_language)
Subscription services offered by Microsoft
tablets, and smartphones per user. Microsoft 365 Business Basic (formerly Office 365 Business Essentials) is suitable for small and medium-sized businesses.
Microsoft_365
Educational programming environment
programming language Karel the Robot (programming language) RUR-PLE Microsoft Small Basic Minibloq Logo (programming language) Alice (software) Scratch (programming
RoboMind
also: List of BASIC dialects by platform BASIC offers a learning path from learning-oriented BASICs such as Microsoft Small Basic, BASIC-256 SIMPLE and
List of educational programming languages
List_of_educational_programming_languages
Sequence of program instructions invokable by other software
December 2023. Microsoft Learn (22 February 2023). "constexpr (C++)". learn.microsoft.com. Microsoft Learn. "Small Basic". Small Basic. Retrieved 8 February
Function (computer programming)
Function_(computer_programming)
TeXmacs LyX Overleaf Texmaker TeXstudio Wikipedia:Sandbox ChatGPT Gemini Microsoft Copilot Khanmigo 50Languages Duolingo KHangMan Kiten KLettres Advent of
List of free educational software
List_of_free_educational_software
American multinational technology company
Founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen to market BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the PC operating system market with
Microsoft
COM-based Visual Basic scripting language
VBScript (Microsoft Visual Basic Scripting Edition) is a deprecated programming language for scripting on Microsoft Windows using Component Object Model
VBScript
BASIC programming language dialect
6502 Microsoft BASIC, and as such it shares many characteristics with other 6502 BASICs of the time, such as Applesoft BASIC. Commodore licensed BASIC from
Commodore_BASIC
Video game based upon Christian teaching
for Microsoft Small Basic, Visual Basic, Visual C# and Java. Another Christian video game pioneer was Bernard K. Bangley, who wrote Bible BASIC: Bible
Christian_video_game
Components included in all Microsoft Office products
Microsoft Office programs such as Excel and Access to create charts and graphs. The program is available as an OLE application object in Visual Basic
Microsoft_Office_shared_tools
Hardware and software platform by Lego
in April 2019. While not being part of the Mindstorms product line, the basic set includes three motors (1 large 2 medium) and sensors for distance, force
Lego_Mindstorms
Version of Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office 2007 (codenamed Office 12), sometimes called the "2007 Microsoft Office system", is an office suite for Windows, developed and published
Microsoft_Office_2007
Office suite by Microsoft released in 1999
Microsoft Office 2000 (version 9.0) is a release of Microsoft Office, an office suite developed and distributed by Microsoft for the Windows family of
Microsoft_Office_2000
Suite of office software
sells Office as Microsoft 365. The editions are as follows: Microsoft 365 Personal Microsoft 365 Family Microsoft 365 Business Basic Microsoft 365 Business
Microsoft_Office
Microsoft business accounting software package
Microsoft Small Business Financials (formerly Microsoft Small Business Manager) is a business accounting software package. The software is targeting growing
Microsoft Small Business Financials
Microsoft_Small_Business_Financials
Notable software packages that are nominal IDE
OSS"), Microsoft, August 27, 2022, retrieved August 27, 2022 "Tags · microsoft/vscode". GitHub. Retrieved August 27, 2022. "Tags · microsoft/vscode"
Comparison of integrated development environments
Comparison_of_integrated_development_environments
code is available in a public repository. Thonny Kojo JUDO BASIC-256 Microsoft Small Basic Averroes blog (Council of Andalusia, Board of Education) official
Toolbox_(software)
language as of the latest release in 2021 and beyond. Thonny Microsoft Small Basic BASIC-256 Toolbox JUDO "Kojo home page". Retrieved 29 August 2012.
Kojo_(learning_environment)
Automation technology for Windows
The Microsoft Windows Script Host (WSH) (formerly named Windows Scripting Host) is an automation technology for Microsoft Windows operating systems that
Windows_Script_Host
Pascal, Modula-2, Occam, and BASIC] [Unix-like] Clang C/C++/Objective-C Compiler AMD Optimizing C/C++ Compiler FreeBASIC [Basic] [DOS/Linux/Windows] Free
List_of_compilers
Word processor
Microsoft Word, or simply Word, is a word processing program developed by Microsoft. It was first released on October 25, 1983, under the original name
Microsoft_Word
Computer operating system
Windows is a proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft. Windows is grouped into families that cater to particular sectors of the computing industry
Microsoft_Windows
Programming language
tens of millions of home computers were running some variation of Microsoft BASIC, which had become the de facto standard. The ANSI efforts eventually
True_BASIC
Standard BASIC language for Thomson computers
the reference for the entire range. This is an implementation of Microsoft BASIC (BASIC-69). It was used to introduce children from France to programming
Microsoft_Basic_1.0
Microsoft software
Microsoft Dynamics 365 is a set of enterprise accounting and sales software products. Its flagship product, Dynamics GP, was released in 1981.[citation
Microsoft_Dynamics_365
Productivity software suite
to Microsoft instead. Initially intended as a scaled-down version of Office for small laptops like TRS-80 Model 100, which was developed by Microsoft and
Microsoft_Works
Presentation application, part of Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Office
into Microsoft Office development, and adopted shared common components and a converged user interface. PowerPoint's market share was very small at first
Microsoft_PowerPoint
Version of the BASIC programming language
Initially the BBC specified compatibility with Microsoft BASIC. Acorn were already extending their earlier Atom BASIC to include structured programming constructs
BBC_BASIC
Microsoft platform for hosting websites
Microsoft initially offered a basic web hosting service as part of Office Live Small Business, which was launched in late 2007. Office Live Small Business
Azure_Web_Apps
1981 video game
by Microsoft. Both included versions of Microsoft BASIC. DONKEY.BAS was written by Bill Gates and Neil Konzen to demonstrate the IBM PC and the BASIC programming
DONKEY.BAS
Microsoft codenames are given by Microsoft to products it has in development before these products are given the names by which they appear on store shelves
List_of_Microsoft_codenames
Programming language dialect; international standard
newer languages like Microsoft Visual Basic which incorporated similar concepts.[citation needed] The introduction of Dartmouth BASIC in 1964 combined a
Full_BASIC
1993–2009 digital multimedia encyclopedia
Microsoft Encarta is a discontinued digital multimedia encyclopedia and search engine published by Microsoft from 1993 to 2009. Originally sold on CD-ROM
Encarta
BASIC interpreter of the Apple I and original Apple II computers
This made it so fast that Bill Gates complained when it outperformed Microsoft BASIC in benchmarks. However, this also limited its applicability as a general-purpose
Integer_BASIC
Data storage portion for Microsoft Windows
The Microsoft-recommended size of MSR (which Windows Setup uses by default) is different for each version of Windows: Basic data partition
Microsoft_Reserved_Partition
Relationship between the technology company and the open source software paradigm
Microsoft, a tech company historically known for its opposition to the open source software paradigm, turned to embrace the approach in the 2010s. From
Microsoft_and_open_source
2009 Microsoft operating system version
7 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and became generally
Windows_7
Type of matrix barcode
ScanLife with the same basic features", although additional features may be available at extra cost. Users can download the free Microsoft Tag reader application
High_Capacity_Color_Barcode
"Using Microsoft Data Engine". Microsoft Office 2000/Visual Basic Programmer's Guide. Microsoft. Retrieved 2008-11-29. "When to Use MSDE". Microsoft Office
MSDE
Software compiler
of Turbo BASIC after the successful release of Microsoft QuickBASIC 4.5-4.0. Bob Zale, in 1989, purchased back all the rights to Turbo BASIC source code
PowerBASIC
Vista—a major release of the Microsoft Windows operating system—was available in six different product editions: Starter, Home Basic, Home Premium, Business
Windows_Vista_editions
2021 Microsoft operating system version
Windows 11 is the current major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system, released on October 5, 2021, as the successor to Windows 10 (2015)
Windows_11
(Applesoft BASIC) and Commodore 64 (Commodore BASIC), and were also provided with early versions of the IBM PC as the IBM Cassette BASIC. Microsoft also marketed
History_of_Microsoft
Business accounting software suite
ERP) is a business accounting software suite for small- to medium-sized businesses using the Microsoft Windows operating system. First produced in 1994
Traverse_(software)
Integrated development environment product
Microsoft Visual C++ (MSVC) is a compiler for the C, C++, C++/CLI and C++/CX programming languages by Microsoft. MSVC is proprietary software; it was
Microsoft_Visual_C++
monospace ASCII art look and feel found in text mode programs like Microsoft QuickBasic. Word 6.0 for DOS, the last Word for DOS version, was released in
History_of_Microsoft_Word
Family of database software by Microsoft
Internet). Microsoft markets at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server, aimed at different audiences and for workloads ranging from small single-machine
Microsoft_SQL_Server
Version of Microsoft Office, a productivity suite
Microsoft Office 2016 (codenamed Office 16) is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite, succeeding both Office 2013 and Office for Mac 2011
Microsoft_Office_2016
Dialect of the BASIC programming language
most American BASICs of the home computer era, Atari BASIC is not a derivative of Microsoft BASIC and differs in significant ways. It includes keywords
Atari_BASIC
1995 Microsoft operating system version
Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft, released to manufacturing on July 14, 1995, and to retail on August 24, 1995
Windows_95
Windows is a computer operating system developed by Microsoft. It was first launched in 1985 as a graphical operating system built on MS-DOS. The initial
List of Microsoft Windows versions
List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions
Relational database management system
specifically targeted for embedded and smaller-scale applications. The product traces its roots to the Microsoft Database Engine (MSDE) product, which
SQL_Server_Express
Chain of retail stores and online shopping site operated by Microsoft
Microsoft Store was a chain of retail stores and is an online shopping site, owned and operated by Microsoft and dealing in computers, computer software
Microsoft_Store_(retail)
Commercial computer programming language and integrated development environment (IDE)
runs only on Microsoft Windows, and under Wine on Linux. Alpha testing of Liberty BASIC v5.0 is underway with versions that run on Microsoft Windows, Mac
Liberty_BASIC
Full-screen debugger for DOS by Microsoft
at Microsoft in 1985 as part of its development toolset. It originally shipped with Microsoft C 4.0 and later. It also shipped with Visual Basic for
CodeView
Collection of Internet sites
offered basic information such as news, weather, sports, stocks, entertainment reports, links to other websites on the Internet, articles by Microsoft staff
MSN
media are not included in Home-Basic edition packages, but can be obtained separately from Microsoft. According to Microsoft, the features for all editions
Windows_7_editions
Version of Microsoft Office suite
Microsoft Office XP (codenamed Office 10) is an office suite which was officially revealed in July 2000 by Microsoft for the Windows operating system.
Microsoft_Office_XP
2012 video game
Microsoft Solitaire Collection is a card video game developed by Microsoft Casual Games and published by Xbox Game Studios for Microsoft Windows. It combines
Microsoft Solitaire Collection
Microsoft_Solitaire_Collection
Established on April 4, 1975, to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system
List of mergers and acquisitions by Microsoft
List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Microsoft
Comparison of two programming languages
compiler, and in fact, both Visual Basic .NET and C# use the same CLR (Common Language Runtime) today. Microsoft and HP were interested in creating an
Comparison of C Sharp and Visual Basic .NET
Comparison_of_C_Sharp_and_Visual_Basic_.NET
graphical user interfaces (GUIs). All versions of Microsoft Windows are commercial proprietary software. Basic general information about Windows. * Has partial
Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions
Comparison_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions
Digital video game controllers
Microsoft SideWinder is a former brand name for a family of video gaming peripherals developed by Microsoft for PCs. It was initially marketed from 1995
Microsoft_SideWinder
Video gaming brand owned by Microsoft
and reorganized Xbox to become part of its newly formed Microsoft Gaming division. Under Microsoft Gaming, Xbox's first-party publishers are Xbox Game Studios
Xbox
Assistive tools for Microsoft Office
Office help content. It was included in Microsoft Office, in Microsoft Publisher, Microsoft Project, and Microsoft FrontPage. It had a wide selection of
Office_Assistant
Symbol representing the word "and" (&)
on 11 November 2010. Retrieved 30 August 2010. Microsoft QuickBASIC: Programming in BASIC. Microsoft Press. 1988. pp. 34–36. ISBN 978-1556150401. "Commodore
Ampersand
Discontinued software by Microsoft
as well as integration with Microsoft Office, data mapping from various sources including Microsoft Excel and a Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) interface
Microsoft_MapPoint
Flight simulation computer game
Studios for Microsoft Windows. It is the sequel to Microsoft Flight Simulator 2004: A Century of Flight and the tenth installment of the Microsoft Flight Simulator
Microsoft_Flight_Simulator_X
Office suite software by Kingsoft
provided basic features and supported Microsoft Office .doc, .xls, and .ppt file formats. Premium paid versions provided full compatibility for Microsoft Office
WPS_Office
Capital letters the height of a lowercase 'x'
supporting genuine small caps include Quark XPress, and Adobe Creative Suite applications. Most word processing applications, including Microsoft Word and Pages
Small_caps
2000 Microsoft operating system version
Edition) is an operating system developed by Microsoft as the last of its Windows 9x line of Microsoft Windows operating systems. It was the successor
Windows_Me
General-purpose programming language
now[when?] support many or all of the new features of C99. The C compiler in Microsoft Visual C++, however, implements the C89 standard and those parts of C99
C_(programming_language)
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
Boy/Male
Tamil
Small Diya, Small light
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : variant of Small.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the medieval female personal name Mal(le), pet form of Mary (see Marie).Indian (northern states) : Hindu name found in several communities, from Sanskrit malla ‘strongman’, ‘wrestler’.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Small
Girl/Female
Hindu
Small
Surname or Lastname
Scottish and northern English
Scottish and northern English : variant of Small.English : habitational name from a lost place in eastern Sussex named Smeghel, from Old English smēagel ‘burrow’, or from Brooksmarle (now Broxmead) in Sussex (named with Old English brocc ‘badger’ + smēagel).
Girl/Female
Tamil
Artisha | à®…à®°à¯à®¤à¯€à®·à®¾
Small
Artisha | à®…à®°à¯à®¤à¯€à®·à®¾
Boy/Male
Tamil
Small
Boy/Male
German
Power of an Eagle
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Sale 1.English : from a short form of a personal name beginning with Sal-, for example Salomon.Swedish (Säll) : nickname from säll ‘happy’, ‘fortunate’, probably a soldier’s name.African : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : unexplained.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Small
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Small Leaf; Small Plant
Boy/Male
Indian
Small
Girl/Female
Indian
Small
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kaneshka | கநேஷà¯à®•ா
Small
Kaneshka | கநேஷà¯à®•ா
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Small.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Small Diya, Small light
Girl/Female
Muslim
Small
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a person of slender build or diminutive stature, from Middle English smal ‘thin’, ‘narrow’.Translation of equivalents in other European languages, such as German Klein and Schmal, French Petit.
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
Boy/Male
British, English
Wood with Fir Trees
Girl/Female
English
or Sanskrit Tara.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Golden Moon
Girl/Female
Hindu
The mother of parasurma, The sixth incarnation of Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pachaimani | பசைமாநீÂ
Youthful, Resourceful
Girl/Female
Muslim
Brightness
Girl/Female
French, German, Spanish
God of Plenty; Variant of Elizabeth; Pledged to God; Consecrated to God
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Delighted
Male
English
English form of Roman Latin Pompeius, possibly POMPEY means "display, solemn procession."Â
Girl/Female
Scottish
Youthful.
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
MICROSOFT SMALL-BASIC
v. i.
The space left by excavation between pillars. See Post and stall, under Post.
a.
Having small teeth.
superl.
Having little size, compared with other things of the same kind; little in quantity or degree; diminutive; not large or extended in dimension; not great; not much; inconsiderable; as, a small man; a small river.
v. t.
To break into small pieces, as ore, for the purpose of separating from rock.
adv.
In or to small extent, quantity, or degree; little; slightly.
v. t.
To put into a stall or stable; to keep in a stall or stalls; as, to stall an ox.
superl.
Being of slight consequence; feeble in influence or importance; unimportant; trivial; insignificant; as, a small fault; a small business.
v. i.
To live in, or as in, a stall; to dwell.
n. pl.
See Small, n., 2, 3.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Stall-feed
n.
To perceive by the olfactory nerves, or organs of smell; to have a sensation of, excited through the nasal organs when affected by the appropriate materials or qualities; to obtain the scent of; as, to smell a rose; to smell perfumes.
n.
The small or slender part of a thing; as, the small of the leg or of the back.
n.
To detect or perceive, as if by the sense of smell; to scent out; -- often with out.
v. i.
To exercise the sense of smell.
v. i.
A small apartment or shed in which merchandise is exposed for sale; as, a butcher's stall; a bookstall.
adv.
In a small quantity or degree; with minuteness.
v. i.
A bench or table on which small articles of merchandise are exposed for sale.
superl.
Not prolonged in duration; not extended in time; short; as, after a small space.
v. t.
To fatten; as, to stall cattle.
v. i. & auxiliary.
As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you shall go; he shall go; that is, I order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It is also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when . . . , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance. In shall with the first person, the necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated by will. "I shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I will go." In a question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed; as, "Shall you go?" (answer, "I shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you require or promise his going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such phrases as "You say, or think, you shall go;" "He says, or thinks, he shall go." After a conditional conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons to express futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he shall say they are right. Should is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should do it whether he will or not. In the early English, and hence in our English Bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple futurity. (Cf. Will, v. t.) Shall may be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be omitted.