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BASIC interpreter of the Apple I and original Apple II computers
Integer BASIC is a BASIC interpreter written by Steve Wozniak for the Apple I and Apple II computers. Originally available on cassette for the Apple I
Integer_BASIC
Family of disk operating systems
Release 3.3 also improves the ability to switch between Integer BASIC and Applesoft BASIC, if the computer has a language card (RAM expansion) or firmware
Apple_DOS
Interpreter that enables users to enter and run programs in the BASIC language
at Hewlett Packard and used their TS-BASIC minicomputer dialect as the basis for his own version. Integer BASIC was released on cassette for the Apple
BASIC_interpreter
Number in {..., –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, ...}
The integers form a ring which is the most basic one, in the following sense: for any ring, there is a unique ring homomorphism from the integers into
Integer
Second model of the Apple II computer line
Users could thus load Integer BASIC into the language card from disk and switch between the Integer and Applesoft dialects of BASIC with DOS 3.3's INT and
Apple_II_Plus
Mathematical optimization problem restricted to integers
An integer programming, also known as integer optimization, problem is a mathematical optimization or feasibility program in which some or all of the variables
Integer_programming
Dialect of Microsoft BASIC programming language
Applesoft BASIC is a dialect of Microsoft BASIC, developed by Marc McDonald and Ric Weiland, supplied with Apple II computers. It supersedes Integer BASIC and
Applesoft_BASIC
Interpreted byte-code instruction set
instruction set invented by Steve Wozniak and implemented as part of the Integer BASIC ROM in the Apple II computers. It was created because Wozniak needed
SWEET16
1977–1993 series of microcomputers
operating system in ROM along with a BASIC variant called Integer BASIC. Apple eventually released Applesoft BASIC, a more advanced variant of the language
Apple_II
Object-oriented computer programming language
data-type changes occurred with the move to VB.NET: compared to Visual Basic 6, the Integer data type has been doubled in length from 16 bits to 32 bits, and
Visual_Basic_(.NET)
First model in the Apple II computer series
audio cassette interface for loading programs and storing data, and the Integer BASIC programming language built into ROMs. The video controller displayed
Apple_II_(original)
Computer arithmetic error
In computer programming, an integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation on integers attempts to create a numeric value that is outside of the
Integer_overflow
Number used for counting
2, 3, and so on, possibly excluding 0. The terms positive integers, non-negative integers, whole numbers, and counting numbers are also used. The set
Natural_number
Encoding method for variable-length integers
A variable-length integer is a variable-length encoded representation of an integer value using a sequence of bytes. The number of bytes that is needed
Variable-length_integer
Microsoft's programming language based on BASIC and COM
bits of an integer such as And, Or, Xor and Not. This definition of True is also consistent with BASIC since the early 1970s Microsoft BASIC implementation
Visual_Basic_(classic)
Computer programming language interpreter
BASIC, the original version of what became Microsoft BASIC, was patterned on DEC's BASIC-PLUS. Others, including Apple's Integer BASIC, Atari BASIC and
HP_Time-Shared_BASIC
Programming language
Equipment Corporation's BASIC-PLUS on the PDP-10, which Gates had used in high school. The first versions supported integer math only, but Monte Davidoff
Microsoft_BASIC
BASIC dialect
Private: x As Integer y As Integer Public: Declare Constructor (nX As Integer = 0, nY As Integer = 0) Declare Property getX As Integer Declare Property
FreeBASIC
(Apple I) See: Integer BASIC Apple Business BASIC (Apple III) Applesoft BASIC (Apple II) Based on the same Microsoft code that Commodore BASIC was based on
List_of_BASIC_dialects
Data types supported by the C programming language
of processing of data elements. The C language provides basic arithmetic types, such as integer and real number types, and syntax to build array and compound
C_data_types
1984 console cartridge for programming
are Family BASIC development componentry, or appear in premade Family BASIC games. Like Integer BASIC and Tiny BASIC, the Family BASIC interpreter only
Family_BASIC
processor implemented as part of the Integer BASIC. However, the Apple II's Integer BASIC ROMs were replaced by Applesoft BASIC ROMs since the Apple II+, and
Lazer's Interactive Symbolic Assembler
Lazer's_Interactive_Symbolic_Assembler
Datum of integral data type
computer science, an integer is a datum of integral data type, a data type that represents some range of mathematical integers. Integral data types may
Integer_(computer_science)
Root of a quadratic polynomial with a unit leading coefficient
related to integral quadratic forms. The study of rings of quadratic integers is basic for many questions of algebraic number theory. Medieval Indian mathematicians
Quadratic_integer
IDE for the BASIC programming language
example: SCREEN 13 DIM a(3976) AS INTEGER, b(3976) AS INTEGER, c(3976) AS INTEGER DIM d(3976) AS INTEGER, e(3976) AS INTEGER col% = 16: col1% = 16: col2% =
QuickBASIC
ORCA/C, and several other languages, including ORCA/Modula-2 and ORCA/Integer BASIC. The Byte Works did produce software other than developer tools, although
The_Byte_Works
Version of the BASIC programming language for the Apple III computer
minicomputers. The main additions compared to AppleSoft BASIC on the Apple II were 19-digit long integer values in addition to floating point, better control
Apple_Business_BASIC
1979 video game
a 1980 update that is written in 6502 assembly language instead of Integer BASIC. The game gets its name from the Three Mile Island accident, which occurred
Three Mile Island (video game)
Three_Mile_Island_(video_game)
Method to solve optimization problems
case, integer programming problems are in many practical situations (those with bounded variables) NP-hard. 0–1 integer programming or binary integer programming
Linear_programming
and much faster than Atari BASIC. It also included an additional integer math package for added performance. The integer math system was triggered when
Atari_Microsoft_BASIC
Natural number
65535 is the integer after 65534 and before 65536. It is the maximum value of an unsigned 16-bit integer. 65535 is the sum of 20 through 215 (20 + 21
65,535
BASIC programming languages designed for under 4 KB
integer implementation. The language was often used for process control applications. Arduino BASIC – adapted from Gordon Brandly's 68000 Tiny BASIC,
Tiny_BASIC
Replacing a number with a simpler value
Typical rounding problems include: The most basic form of rounding is to replace an arbitrary number by an integer. All the following rounding modes are concrete
Rounding
Nearest integers from a number
returns the greatest integer less than or equal to x, written ⌊x⌋ or floor(x). Similarly, the ceiling function returns the least integer greater than or equal
Floor_and_ceiling_functions
Formula for systems of linear equations
prove that an integer programming problem whose constraint matrix is totally unimodular and whose right-hand side is integer, has integer basic solutions
Cramer's_rule
Computer model built by Apple
expansion came with a free cassette tape containing Steve Wozniak's Integer BASIC interpreter. Other software tapes were available "at minimal cost" including
Apple_I
Seven short BASIC programming language programs
issue of the US computer magazine, Kilobaud. The article reported that Integer BASIC, an interpreter program written by Steve Wozniak for the Apple II computer
Rugg/Feldman_benchmarks
Basic Caché Basic Chinese BASIC Color BASIC COMAL Commodore BASIC DarkBASIC DarkBASIC Professional Dartmouth BASIC HP Time-Shared BASIC Integer BASIC
Generational list of programming languages
Generational_list_of_programming_languages
Complex number whose real and imaginary parts are both integers
number theory, a Gaussian integer is a complex number whose real and imaginary parts are both integers. The Gaussian integers, with ordinary addition and
Gaussian_integer
BASIC interpreter for the Horizon microcomputer
FOR loop. Different dialects of BASIC handled this in different ways, the equivalent in Integer BASIC and Atari BASIC was POP. FILL could be used to fill
North_Star_BASIC
1976 action video game
support, and native graphical command sets within Integer BASIC. Wozniak subsequently used these BASIC commands to program Brick Out, a software clone of
Breakout_(video_game)
Extremely basic data type
operations on these types are often the fastest possible in most cases. Integer addition, for example, can be performed as a single machine instruction
Primitive_data_type
Programming language by Hewlett-Packard
HP BASIC was highly influential for many years, and its syntax can be seen in a number microcomputer BASICs, including Palo Alto TinyBASIC, Integer BASIC
Systems_Programming_Language
Computational operation
n − 1. a mod 1 is always 0, assuming a is an integer. When exactly one of a or n is negative, the basic definition breaks down, and programming languages
Modulo
1980 video game
(high-resolution and low-resolution), and text. The game was written in Integer BASIC and was one of the first microcomputer games to be created using multiple
Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure
Odyssey:_The_Compleat_Apventure
Dialect of the BASIC programming language
the system found in HP Time-Shared BASIC and a number of microcomputer BASICs like Integer BASIC and Atari BASIC. This style of string manipulation differs
SDS_BASIC
Number-theoretic concept
ring of adeles. In addition, it provides a basic tractable example of a profinite group. The profinite integers Z ^ {\displaystyle {\widehat {\mathbb {Z}
Profinite_integer
Family of programming languages
"double quotation marks". Arrays in BASIC could contain integers, floating point or string variables. Some dialects of BASIC supported matrices and matrix operations
BASIC
Optimization technique for solving (mixed) integer linear programs
b} . Consider now a basic variable x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} which is not an integer. Rewrite the above equation so that the integer parts are added on
Cutting-plane_method
Apple II graphics feature
supported via Applesoft BASIC and from machine code in the "Programmer's Aid" package that was bundled with the original Integer BASIC ROMs for that computer
Shape_table
Attribute of data
intends to use the data. Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers (of varying sizes), floating-point numbers (which approximate
Data_type
Comparison of two programming languages
C# and Visual Basic (.NET) are the two main programming languages used to program on the .NET framework. C# and VB.NET are very different languages in
Comparison of C Sharp and Visual Basic .NET
Comparison_of_C_Sharp_and_Visual_Basic_.NET
Commands in some high-level programming languages
direct mode (entered and executed at the BASIC prompt) or in indirect mode (as part of a program): integer_variable = PEEK(address) POKE address, value
PEEK_and_POKE
Computer arithmetic standards
integer and floating point arithmetic and complex elementary numerical functions, first edition published 2006. Part 1 deals with the basic integer and
ISO/IEC_10967
Natural number
of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A002559 (Markoff (or Markov) numbers)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
1,000,000,000,000
IEEE standard for floating-point arithmetic
some of the possible interchange formats (including the basic formats). In the table above, integer values are exact, whereas values in decimal notation
IEEE_754
1978 home computer
KB ROM incorporates integer BASIC, with floating point BASIC available as an external ROM (an extension of Ron Cenker's 1802 BASIC). According to Joe Miller
CyberVision_2001
1978 microcomputer trainer kit by RCA
supply Available software included: Tiny BASIC (integer BASIC interpreter) Text Editor Full BASIC (floating point BASIC interpreter using Reverse Polish Notation)
ELF_II
American computer programmer (born 1935)
excited by Altair BASIC. Fellow members Steve Wozniak and Tom Pittman would develop their own BASICs (Integer BASIC and 6800 Tiny BASIC respectively). Wang
Li-Chen_Wang
Property of being an even or odd number
In mathematics, parity is the property of an integer of whether it is even or odd. An integer is even if it is divisible by 2, and odd if it is not. For
Parity_(mathematics)
at Bell Labs APL, PPL, Scheme 1976 SAS SAS Institute 1976 Integer BASIC Steve Wozniak BASIC 1977 FP John Backus none (unique language) 1977 Bourne Shell
Timeline of programming languages
Timeline_of_programming_languages
Class of subatomic particle
(/ˈboʊzɒn/ /ˈboʊsɒn/) is a subatomic particle whose spin quantum number has an integer value (0, 1, 2, ...). The class of bosons is one of the two fundamental
Boson
American video game developer (1978–1999)
(16 Kb) Apple II in 1978 and began modifying the code for Dragon Maze, an Integer BASIC program written by Gary J. Shannon and published in the Apple II Reference
Synergistic_Software
Branch of pure mathematics
rational numbers), or defined as generalizations of the integers (for example, algebraic integers). Integers can be considered either in themselves or as solutions
Number_theory
Arithmetic operation
with remainder or Euclidean division of two natural numbers provides an integer quotient, which is the number of times the second number is completely
Division_(mathematics)
1978 video game
computer, Robert Clardy began modifying the code for Dungeon Maze, an Integer BASIC program published in the Apple II Reference Manual (1978) which included
Dungeon_Campaign
Natural number
number preceding a cube. As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has symbolic associations in religion, mythology, superstition
7
Computation modulo a fixed integer
mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic operations for integers, differing from the usual ones in that numbers "wrap around" when reaching
Modular_arithmetic
Dialect of the programming language BASIC
National Standards Institute (ANSI) Minimal BASIC standard with integer arithmetic only, termed 4K BASIC. Even before the ZX80 was introduced in February
Sinclair_BASIC
Algebraic construction
ring of all algebraic integers contained in K {\displaystyle K} . An algebraic integer is a root of a monic polynomial with integer coefficients: x n +
Ring_of_integers
Polynomial with integer value for integer input
( n ) {\displaystyle P(n)} is an integer for every integer n. Every polynomial with integer coefficients is integer-valued, but the converse is not true
Integer-valued_polynomial
Type of complex number
a number that is a root of a non-zero polynomial in one variable with integer (or, equivalently, rational) coefficients. For example, the golden ratio
Algebraic_number
Apple Computer An abbreviated Applesoft version of Steve Wozniak's Integer BASIC Breakout game. Lode Runner 1983 Douglas E. Smith Broderbund Lords of
List_of_Apple_II_games
Natural number
highly composite number, and the first colossally abundant number. An integer is determined to be even if it is divisible by two. When written in base
2
Used to count, measure, and label
of Mathematics: A Basic Guide. John Wiley & Sons. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-471-46163-0. Ziobro, R. (2018). "Parity as a Property of Integers" (PDF). Formalized
Number
Time-Shared BASIC, which was identical. Several BASICs of the home computer era also used a variation of this model, notably Integer BASIC and Atari BASIC. Other
Wang_BASIC
Number system extending the rational numbers
integer (possibly negative), and each a i {\displaystyle a_{i}} is an integer such that 0 ≤ a i < p . {\displaystyle 0\leq a_{i}<p.} A p-adic integer
P-adic_number
Alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies a bank account in any participating country
its website. An IBAN is validated by converting it into an integer and performing a basic mod-97 operation (as described in ISO 7064) on it. If the IBAN
International Bank Account Number
International_Bank_Account_Number
operator, rep operator, ALGOL 68-R Steve Wozniak – Breakout, Apple Integer BASIC, cofounded Apple Inc. Will Wright – created the Sim City series, cofounded
List_of_programmers
Open problem on 3x+1 and x/2 functions
numbers, multiply by 3 and add 1. With enough repetition, do all positive integers converge to 1? More unsolved problems in mathematics The Collatz conjecture
Collatz_conjecture
Monochrome home computer produced by Sanyo
PHC-20 features a built-in BASIC interpreter- in this case a limited, integer-only implementation known as Extended Tiny BASIC. The PHC-20 lacks the printer
Sanyo_PHC-20
its money, Apple would get a file manager, an interface for Integer BASIC and Applesoft BASIC, and utilities that would allow disk backup, disk recovery
Shepardson_Microsystems
Dialect of the BASIC programming language for PDP-8 minicomputers
early personal computer BASIC implementations, including Integer BASIC and Atari BASIC among others. Bill Gates had used BASIC-PLUS in high school, and
BASIC-8
Mathematical formula involving a given set of operations
considered as basic and connected by arithmetic operations (+, −, ×, /, and integer powers) and function composition. Commonly, the basic functions that
Closed-form_expression
present, one for integers fitting the native word size minus any tag bit (SmallInteger) and one supporting arbitrary sized integers (LargeInteger). Arithmetic
Comparison of programming languages (basic instructions)
Comparison_of_programming_languages_(basic_instructions)
Industrial standard for programmable logic controllers
– signed double integer (4 byte) LINT – signed long integer (8 byte) USINT – Unsigned short integer (1 byte) UINT – Unsigned integer (2 byte) UDINT –
IEC_61131-3
Apple II disk operating system
end of support for Integer BASIC, on the original Apple II model, which had long since been effectively supplanted by Applesoft BASIC on the Apple II Plus
Apple_ProDOS
Overview of and topical guide to discrete mathematics
varying "smoothly", the objects studied in discrete mathematics – such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic – do not vary smoothly in this way, but
Outline of discrete mathematics
Outline_of_discrete_mathematics
Number divisible only by 1 and itself
factorization using an integer factorization algorithm, they all must produce the same result. Primes can thus be considered the "basic building blocks" of
Prime_number
Branch of elementary mathematics
Integer arithmetic is about calculations with positive and negative integers. Rational number arithmetic involves operations on fractions of integers
Arithmetic
BASIC programming language dialect
point array, but only 4000 if declared as an integer array). Denoting any variable as integer simply causes BASIC to convert it back to floating point, slowing
Commodore_BASIC
based scientific calculator Maxima: a computer algebra system which bignum integers are directly inherited from its implementation language Common Lisp. In
List of arbitrary-precision arithmetic software
List_of_arbitrary-precision_arithmetic_software
Programming language used in Texas Instruments calculators
TI-BASIC is the official name of several BASIC-like programming languages used by Texas Instruments' graphing calculators. It is a language family of
TI-BASIC
Natural number
J4, J3, and J1). 6 is the smallest integer which is not an exponent of a prime number, making it the smallest integer greater than 1 for which there does
6
Natural number
Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Retrieved 2016-06-03. Ordman, Edward (January 1983), "Writing Transportable BASIC Part 1", Compute
9999_(number)
Programming language of the first Blitz compilers
BASIC is the programming language dialect of the first Blitz compilers, devised by New Zealand–based developer Mark Sibly. Being derived from BASIC,
Blitz_BASIC
Algebraic structure
high number of properties that they have in common with the ring of the integers. Polynomial rings occur and are often fundamental in many parts of mathematics
Polynomial_ring
Natural number
A006880 (Number of primes less than 10^n)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. "Fiscal Data Explains the National Debt". fiscaldata
10,000,000,000,000
Measure of algorithmic complexity
integer, in which case it is the integer a/b. The rational number a/b, except if a/b is an integer, in which case it is the integer a/b. The integer floor(a/b)
Strongly-polynomial_time
32-bit computer number format
variable of the same bit width at the cost of precision. A signed 32-bit integer variable has a maximum value of 231 − 1 = 2,147,483,647, whereas an IEEE
Single-precision floating-point format
Single-precision_floating-point_format
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INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
INTEGER BASIC
travel, tourism, insurance