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Scientific study of science
Metascience, also known as science of science, is the systematic study of science itself. It analyzes the practices, structures, and outcomes of scientific
Metascience
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up metascience in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Metascience is the use of scientific methodology to study science itself. Metascience may also
Metascience_(disambiguation)
Systematic study undertaken to increase knowledge
technology, biotechnology, or engineering may generate ethical concerns. Metascience is the study of research through the use of research methods. Also known
Research
Academic journal
Metascience is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Nature. It publishes reviews of books in the history and philosophy of
Metascience_(journal)
Observed inability to reproduce scientific studies
and remedies have given rise to a new scientific discipline known as metascience, which uses methods of empirical research to examine empirical research
Replication_crisis
Theory whose subject matter is itself a theory
linguistics and its concept of metalanguage. Metascience is the use of scientific method to study science itself. Metascience is an attempt to increase the quality
Metatheory
American think tank
engages in research and political advocacy in three key policy areas: metascience, high-skilled immigration, biosecurity, and emerging technology. In an
Institute_for_Progress
Pragmatic methodology
itself. Research into the evidence-based practice of science is called metascience. An individual or organisation is justified in claiming that a specific
Evidence-based_practice
Subdivisions of science defined by their scope
relationships between the branches of science are summarized by the table. Metascience refers to or includes a field of science that is about science itself
Branches_of_science
Intellectual movement
feature and a central impetus of progress studies and associated areas of metascience has been the claim that disruptive scientific research and patents have
Progress_studies
Critical observation of science
like feminism, and from within science itself. The emerging field of metascience seeks to increase the quality of and efficiency of scientific research
Criticism_of_science
Systematic endeavour to gain knowledge
The replication crisis represents an important body of research in metascience, which aims to improve the quality of all scientific research, scientific
Science
Study of mental functions and behaviors
appropriate and useful. Metascience involves applying scientific methodology to study science itself. The field of metascience has revealed problems in
Psychology
Greek-American scientist (born 1965)
of Athens Medical School Athens College Known for Metascience Scientific career Fields Medicine, metascience Institutions Stanford School of Medicine
John_Ioannidis
Function of the observed sample results
p-values is widespread and has been a major topic in mathematics and metascience. In 2016, the American Statistical Association (ASA) made a formal statement
P-value
System for reasoning about vagueness
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Fuzzy_logic
Statistical method that summarizes and/or integrates data from multiple sources
studies, thereby cementing their role as a fundamental methodology in metascience. Meta-analyses are often, but not always, important components of a systematic
Meta-analysis
Interplay between observation, experiment, and theory in science
Ioannidis, which is considered foundational to the field of metascience. Much research in metascience seeks to identify poor use of statistics and improve its
Scientific_method
Pseudoscientific form of Young Earth creationism
Creation science or scientific creationism is a pseudoscientific form of young Earth creationism which claims to offer scientific arguments for certain
Creation_science
Design of tasks
making. The study of the design of experiments is an important topic in metascience. A theory of statistical inference was developed by Charles S. Peirce
Design_of_experiments
Quantitative study of science
science, the science of science policy, the sociology of science, and metascience. Critics have argued that overreliance on scientometrics has created
Scientometrics
Use of knowledge for practical goals
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Technology
Discovery and improvement of scientific knowledge
science from applied science. Blue skies research Hard and soft science Metascience Normative science Physics Precautionary principle Pure mathematics Pure
Basic_research
Mathematical rule for inverting probabilities
probability Why Most Published Research Findings Are False, a 2005 essay in metascience by John Ioannidis Laplace refined Bayes's theorem over a period of decades:
Bayes'_theorem
Branch of philosophy
philosophy of science List of philosophers of science Metaphysical naturalism Metascience Objectivity (philosophy) Philosophy of engineering Science policy McCormmach
Philosophy_of_science
American psychologist (1920–2003)
schizophrenia etiology, psychological assessment, behavioral prediction, metascience, and philosophy of science. Paul Meehl was born January 3, 1920, in Minneapolis
Paul_E._Meehl
American nonprofit organization
multiple ArXiv repositories. List of metascience research centers and organisations List of preprint repositories Metascience Open science Replication crisis
Center_for_Open_Science
2005 essay written by John Ioannidis
published in PLOS Medicine. It is considered foundational to the field of metascience. In the paper, Ioannidis argued that a large number, if not the majority
Why Most Published Research Findings Are False
Why_Most_Published_Research_Findings_Are_False
Russian philosopher (born 1944)
substantialism in Science, according to which science does not need to study metascience. The metascientific approach gives priority to the conceptual structure
Victor_Kanke
Philosophy opposing modern technology
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Neo-Luddism
American philanthropic organization
Müller-Wille, Staffan (October 27, 2010). "Eugenics: Then and now". Metascience. 20 (2): 347–349. doi:10.1007/s11016-010-9477-1. ISSN 0815-0796. S2CID 142076720
Rockefeller_Foundation
Violation of codes of scholarly conduct and ethical behavior in scientific research
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Scientific_misconduct
Misuse of data analysis
presidents Look-elsewhere effect – Statistical analysis phenomenon Metascience – Scientific study of science Misuse of statistics – Use of statistical
Data_dredging
Learning technique performed with flashcards
policy Evidence-based scheduling Evidence-based toxicology Journalology Metascience Methods and concepts Clinical trial Systematic review Meta-analysis Umbrella
Spaced_repetition
American social psychologist
Advancement of Science for their work on implicit bias. Open science Metascience John Ioannidis APSSC (2014). "Champions of Psychological Science: Brian
Brian_Nosek
American philosopher (born 1968)
S. (June 28, 2011). "Computer simulation and philosophy of science". Metascience. 21: 111–114. doi:10.1007/s11016-011-9567-8. S2CID 61744187. "Eric Winsberg
Eric_Winsberg
Experimental collaboration replicating 100 studies
studies had replicated. Invalid science John Ioannidis Meta-analysis Metascience Proteus phenomenon Publication bias Replication crisis Scientific method
Reproducibility_Project
Concept of software engineering
metamodeling, both the praxis and theory of metamodels are of relevance to metascience, metaphilosophy, metatheories and systemics, and meta-consciousness.
Metamodeling
American philosopher of science
Life: Lazcano, Antonio (October 2013), "A question without answers?", Metascience, 23 (2): 301–304, doi:10.1007/s11016-013-9861-8, S2CID 169332808 Takacs
Carol_Cleland
Misinterpretation of statistical significance
{\text{FWER}}=1-(1-\alpha )^{m}} Estimation statistics Replication crisis Metascience Misuse of statistics Statcheck Vidgen B, Yasseri T (March 2016). "P-Values:
Misuse_of_p-values
Concept of knowledge being a burden
The burden of knowledge describes the difficulty of adding to a scientific field as the amount of previous work that must be understood increases over
Burden_of_knowledge
for Interdisciplinary Meta-Research & Open Science (AIMOS) Brazilian Metascience Research Group (BMRG) Centre for Journalology Center for Open Science
List of metascience research centers and organisations
List_of_metascience_research_centers_and_organisations
Collective judgment, position, and opinion of the community of scientists
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Scientific_consensus
Measure of scientific research impact
operates. It was initially introduced in 2016, by the Greek-American metascience researcher John Ioannidis at Stanford University, with an improvement
Composite_index_(metrics)
Academic journal
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Science, Technology, & Human Values
Science,_Technology,_&_Human_Values
Branch of natural philosophy
OCLC 905902839. Boschiero, Luciano (1 July 2017). "The secret lives of women". Metascience. 26 (2): 199–200. doi:10.1007/s11016-016-0144-z. ISSN 1467-9981. S2CID 151860901
Alchemy
Extensional term for information technology
communication and communication between scientists Scholarly databases Applied metascience Scholar Mark Warschauer defines a "models of access" framework for analyzing
Information and communications technology
Information_and_communications_technology
School of thought in sociology
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Strong_programme
American historian of science (born 1953)
Sensations: Author’s Reply.’ In review symposium on Victorian Sensation, Metascience 11 (2002), 28–33. ‘Quick and Magical Shaper of Science [J. H. Pepper]
James_A._Secord
Questioning of claims lacking empirical evidence
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Scientific_skepticism
Network of interacting scientists
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Scientific_community
Acronym for "Hypothesizing after the results are known"
HARKing (hypothesizing after the results are known) is an acronym coined by social psychologist Norbert Kerr that refers to the questionable research practice
HARKing
American philosopher of science
Arenhart, "Entangling and disentangling realism and wave function", Metascience, doi:10.1007/s11016-014-9910-y Willi-Hans Steeb, Zbl 1275.81007 Home
Alyssa_Ney
Reference to a source
to scientific citations. Citation analysis is a method widely used in metascience. Citation analysis is the examination of the frequency, patterns, and
Citation
American economist (born 1951)
field was still in its nascency, laying the groundwork for much of the metascience debates regarding experiments in economics. Roth also edited two volumes
Alvin_E._Roth
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
History_of_science
Aspect of scientific research
popular TED talk, but was unable to be replicated in dozens of studies Metascience Accuracy ANOVA gauge R&R Contingency Corroboration Reproducible builds
Reproducibility
Every PhD has an equal and opposite PhD
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Gibson's_law
American historian
(March 1, 2018). "The environment in the history of Ottoman Egypt". Metascience. 27 (1): 151–153. doi:10.1007/s11016-017-0271-1. ISSN 1467-9981. S2CID 172076893
Alan_Mikhail
General dislike of humanity
Kidd, Ian James (2020a). "Humankind, Human Nature, and Misanthropy". Metascience. 29 (3): 505–508. doi:10.1007/s11016-020-00562-8. S2CID 225274682. Kidd
Misanthropy
British philosopher
shpsc.2018.05.005. Thrasher, John (2018). "The price of sociality". Metascience. 28: 139–142. doi:10.1007/s11016-018-0355-6. S2CID 254790929. Huneman
Jonathan_Birch_(philosopher)
Methodology in futures studies
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Horizon_scanning
Physical theory that supposes all matter to be composed of minute particles
Experimentation and Alchemical Matter Theory in the Scientific Revolution", Metascience, 16 (2), Springer: 247–256 esp. 247, doi:10.1007/s11016-007-9095-8, ISSN 1467-9981
Corpuscularianism
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Rankings of academic publishers
Rankings_of_academic_publishers
Guidelines for medical journal editors
The ICMJE recommendations (full title, "Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals") are
ICMJE_recommendations
Academic journal
ReScience C is a scientific journal established in 2015 by Nicolas Rougier and Konrad Hinsen with the aim of publishing researchers' attempts to replicate
ReScience_C
Bias of scholars allowing their beliefs to shape their research
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Academic_bias
Public communication of science-related topics to non-experts
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Science_communication
Type of research and development project
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Skunkworks_project
Field of study in analytic philosophy
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Social_epistemology
Canadian economist
the use of Bayesian hierarchical models and is known for her work on metascience. Research on the external validity of impact evaluations Vivalt is known
Eva_Vivalt
Concept in inferential statistics
statistical significance represents an important topic of research in metascience. In 2016, the American Statistical Association (ASA) published a statement
Statistical_significance
Statistical analysis of written publications
identify under labels such as scientometrics, science of science, and metascience will all find a home in QSS. We also recognize the diverse range of disciplines
Bibliometrics
Phenomenon in scientific publishing
from a scientific standpoint. Reproducibility Reproducibility Project Metascience Pfeiffer, Thomas; Bertram, Lars; Ioannidis, John (2011). "Quantifying
Proteus_phenomenon
Describes how technological innovations occur and are incorporated into society
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Technological_transitions
Australian professor and lecturer (b. 1974)
PhD History and Philosophy of Science 2005 Occupations Researcher into Metascience, statistical practices, reproducibility, open science, reasoning and
Fiona_Fidler
Book about the history of Indian mathematics
mathematical tradition of a subcontinent (review of Mathematics in India)", Metascience, 21 (2): 309–311, doi:10.1007/s11016-011-9608-3, S2CID 254791324 Stewart
Mathematics_in_India_(book)
Italian-British philosopher of science
Principle: Faye, Jan (September 2006), "Principles and quantum revolutions", Metascience, 15 (3): 573–577, doi:10.1007/s11016-006-9045-x, S2CID 171052377 Kragh
Michela_Massimi
Theory on how and why new ideas spread
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Diffusion_of_innovations
4th-century Alexandrian astronomer and mathematician
2010 Berggren, J. L. (February 2009), "The life and death of Hypatia", Metascience, 18 (1): 93–97, doi:10.1007/s11016-009-9256-z, S2CID 170359849 Bernardi
Hypatia
Inclination for or against
List of cognitive biases Detection theory Evidence Falsity Impartiality Metascience Opinion Personal equation Prejudice Proof (truth) Scholarly method Source
Bias
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Technology_and_society
American physicist and skeptic (1928–2021)
Pseudoscience: Review of Michael W. Friedlander, At the Fringes of Science". Metascience (8): 113–114. Physics, Department of (30 April 2021). "Michael Friedlander
Michael_W._Friedlander
Philosophical system originating from Thomas Aquinas
sciences are epistemologically prior to metaphysics, preferably called metascience.[additional citation(s) needed] This approach emphasizes the Aristotelian
Thomism
Process of verifying information in non-fictional text
oversight role towards government, industry and society Media literacy Metascience Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act Graves, Lucas; Amazeen
Fact-checking
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
History_of_technology
Philosophical question of how to distinguish between science and non-science
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Demarcation_problem
Form of policy
about the politics of science List of funding opportunity databases Metascience Open access Operations research Office of Science and Technology Policy
Science_policy
Phrase commonly used in research papers
"Further research is needed" (FRIN), "more research is needed" and other variants of similar phrases are commonly used in research papers. The cliché is
Further_research_is_needed
Proposed geologic epoch
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Anthropocene
Data about other data
and research topics. Its API and open source website can be used for metascience, scientometrics, and novel tools that query this semantic web of papers
Metadata
Situational predicament
in the first two types. Golem effect Intergroup anxiety John Henryism Metascience Minority stress Model minority Pygmalion effect Self-fulfilling prophecy
Stereotype_threat
Higher probability of publishing results showing a significant finding
positive results. The study of publication bias is an important topic in metascience. Despite similar quality of execution and design, papers with statistically
Publication_bias
Academic field
anthropology Engineering studies Historical materialism Innovation system Metascience Mode 2 Normalization process theory Public awareness of science Science
Science and technology studies
Science_and_technology_studies
2019 book by Andrew Robinson
number of publications and online, including: Amazon BBC Sky at Night Metascience Nature Physics World The Times Literary Supplement The Wall Street Journal
Einstein_on_the_Run
Concept for a future society created by a new industrial revolution
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Society_5.0
Graphical presentation of the maturity of specific technologies
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Gartner_hype_cycle
2010s–present technological convergence era
science Demarcation problem Double hermeneutic Mapping controversies Metascience Paradigm shift black swan events Pseudoscience Psychology of science
Fourth_Industrial_Revolution
Comprehensive review of research literature using systematic methods
searching Horizon scanning Literature review Living review Meta-analysis Metascience Peer review Review journal Generalized model aggregation (GMA) Umbrella
Systematic_review
American epidemiologist
Medicine (2020) Scientific career Fields Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Metascience Institutions Stanford School of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Steven_N._Goodman
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Bearer of Shield
Biblical
wand of government
Boy/Male
Muslim
King, Magnificent
Boy/Male
Irish
nollaig is the Irish word for Christmas and is given to boys or girls born on December 25th.
Girl/Female
Czechoslovakian
My love.
Boy/Male
Indian
Virginity
Girl/Female
English
or Lora referring to the laurel tree or sweet bay tree symbolic of honor and victory.
Girl/Female
Tamil
A light that shines very bright that even you close your eyes you can see it
Boy/Male
American, British, English, Scottish
Battle Hawk; Little Falcon
Boy/Male
American, British, English
From the Valley; Meadow-dweller
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE
METASCIENCE