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See searches and references containing MESSAPIC LANGUAGE!MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
Extinct Indo-European language of Southeastern Italy
Messapic (/mɛˈsæpɪk, mə-, -ˈseɪ-/; also known as Messapian; or as Iapygian) is an extinct Paleo-Balkanic language of the Indo-European language family
Messapic_language
Extinct Indo-European language of Southeast Europe
close relationship with Messapic, once spoken in southern Italy, has been suggested but remains unproven. Among modern languages, Albanian is often conjectured
Illyrian_language
Indo-European language
historically compact language group. Whether descendants or sisters of what was called 'Illyrian' by classical sources, Albanian and Messapic, on the basis of
Albanian_language
Branch of the Indo-European language family
family, Albanian is grouped in the same IE branch with Messapic, an ancient extinct language of Balkan provenance that is preserved in about six hundred
Albanoid_languages
City and municipality in Apulia, Italy
which itself comes through the Greek Brentesion (Βρεντέσιον) from the Messapic Brention, meaning "head of a stag". This likely refers to the shape of
Brindisi
Hypothetical reconstruction of Illyrian
have been recorded by ancient authors. Messapic words and relevant etymologies are listed in Messapic language#Lexicon. This is a list of lemmas explicitly
Proposed_Illyrian_vocabulary
Branch of the Indo-Iranian languages
The Indo-Aryan languages (or sometimes Indic languages) are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family. As of the early
Indo-Aryan_languages
Indo-European-speaking people of pre-Roman Apulia
to form a distinct regional identity. The Iapygians spoke Messapic, a Paleo-Balkan language written in Greek-derived alphabets. Their culture, distinct
Iapygians
Early history of the Albanians
group together with Messapic. It is unclear whether Messapic was an Illyrian dialect or if it diverged enough to be a separate language, although in general
Origin_of_the_Albanians
Language family native to Eurasia
Illyrian language belongs to the Northwestern group, that the Albanian language is descended from Illyrian, and that Albanian is related to Messapic which
Indo-European_languages
Ancient Western Balkanic tribes
Peuceti and Messapi (collectively known as Iapyges, and speaking the Messapic language). The term "Illyrians" last appears in the historical record in the
Illyrians
Geographical grouping of Indo-European languages
In antiquity, Dacian, Greek, Illyrian, Messapic, Paeonian, Phrygian and Thracian were the Paleo-Balkan languages which were attested in literature. They
Paleo-Balkan_languages
Branch of the Indo-European language family
The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe,
Germanic_languages
Religious beliefs of the Illyrian peoples
inscriptions from the south-eastern Italian region of Apulia written in the Messapic language, which is generally considered to be related to Illyrian, although
Illyrian_religion
Direct descendants of Vulgar Latin
transcription delimiters. The Romance languages, also known as the Latin or Neo-Latin languages or Latinic languages, are the languages that directly descended from
Romance_languages
Script used to write the Greek language
The Messapic language used a variant of the Greek alphabet in some few hundred inscriptions, giving a glimpse into the Messapic language and Paleo-Balkan
Greek_alphabet
Ancient Roman goddess of love, sex and fertility
('desire'), itself from Proto-Indo-European (PIE) *wénh₁-os ('desire'; cf. Messapic Venas, Old Indic vánas 'desire'). Unlike the Proto-Indo-European form,
Venus_(mythology)
Language family
Roberto. 1979. "Written and spoken language in latin-faliscan and greek-messapic." Journal of Indo-European Studies 7 no. 3–4: 149–75. Mercado, Angelo (2012)
Latino-Faliscan_languages
Language family
Celtic languages (/ˈkɛltɪk/ KEL-tik) are a branch of the Indo-European language family, descended from the hypothetical Proto-Celtic language. The term
Celtic_languages
Indo-European language
branch in the Indo-European language family. It is the native language of the Armenian people and the official language of Armenia. Historically spoken
Armenian_language
Greek god of the sky and king of the gods
god"). Albanian Zoj-z and Messapic Zis are clear equivalents and cognates of Zeus. In the Greek, Albanian, and Messapic forms the original cluster *di̯
Zeus
Ancestor of the Indo-European languages
and Greek; 1000–500 BCE for Iranic, Celtic, Italic, Phrygian, Illyric, Messapic, South Picene, and Venetic; 500–1 BCE for Thracian and Ancient Macedonian;
Proto-Indo-European_language
Historical ethnic group from southwestern Europe
Iberian language remains an unclassified non-Indo European language. A 1978 study claimed many similarities between Iberian and the Messapic language. Iberian
Iberians
Subfamily of Indo-European languages
The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants. They
Slavic_languages
Iapygian tribe which inhabited northern Apulia in classical antiquity
southern Apulia, respectively. Although all three tribes spoke the Messapic language, they had developed separate archaeological cultures by the seventh
Daunians
Comune in Apulia, Italy
also predate the Romans and be of Messapic origin. Ceglie or Caelia is the name for "settlement" in Messapic language. Similar towns in Apulia are named
Bisceglie
Branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family
The Iranian languages, or Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by
Iranian_languages
All known writing up to 300 CE
words the Messapic language with probably a good 1000 words (the estimate is difficult because most texts in this hardly understandable language do not use
Ancient_text_corpora
Comune in Apulia, Italy
southern Italy. The word gravina comes from the Latin grava or from the Messapic graba, with the meaning of 'rock', 'shaft' and 'erosion of bank river'
Gravina_in_Puglia
Comune in Apulia, Italy
Nardò (Latin: Neritum or Neretum; Messapic: Nareton) is a town and comune in the southern Italian region of Apulia, in the Province of Lecce. Lies on a
Nardò
Iapygian tribe
Paleo-Balkan language to Apulia. However, the way in which Proto-Messapic speakers spread in Apulia and which pre-Indo-European languages that had existed
Messapians
Messapic sky and lightning god
Zis (Messapic: 𐌆𐌉𐌔) is a sky and lightning god in Messapian religion, occupying the most prominent role. The theonym is the equivalent and cognate of
Zis
Ethnic group native to the Balkans
one of the descendant of the Illyrian languages (Messapic language) is based on geography where the languages were spoken however not enough archaeological
Albanians
Branch of the Indo-European language family
Balto-Slavic languages form a branch of the Indo-European family of languages, traditionally comprising the Baltic and Slavic languages. Baltic and Slavic
Balto-Slavic_languages
Extinct Indo-European languages in Asia
Kuchean-Agnean languages, are an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family spoken by inhabitants of the Tarim Basin, the Tocharians. The languages are
Tocharian_languages
Ancient Celtic language
Gallic, East-Italic, Messapic and Sicel Inscriptions. Harvard University Press. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lepontic language. Lexicon Leponticum
Lepontic_language
Ancestor of the Germanic languages
and earlier attested Indo-European languages, extremely early Germanic loanwords in Baltic and Finnish languages (for example, Finnish kuningas 'king')
Proto-Germanic_language
Albanian may be most closely related to the extinct Messapic, the pre-Roman, non-Italic language of Apulia. Proto-Albanian received a major influx of
Languages_of_the_Roman_Empire
Extinct Indo-European language of central Anatolia
"Balkanic" languages – Greek (Chapter 11), Armenian (Chapter 12), Albanian (Chapter 13) as well as scantily attested languages such as Phrygian and Messapic –
Phrygian_language
Proto-language of all the Slavic languages
or Common Slavonic) is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech approximately from the 2nd millennium
Proto-Slavic_language
Reconstructed proto-language
also called Proto-Indo-Iranic or Proto-Aryan, is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European. Its speakers, the hypothetical
Proto-Indo-Iranian_language
Branch of the Indo-European language family
The Italic languages form a branch of the Indo-European language family, whose earliest known members were spoken on the Italian Peninsula in the first
Italic_languages
Extinct Eastern Iranic language spoken from 100 BC to 1,100 AD
Saka, or Sakan, was a variety of Eastern Iranian languages, attested from the ancient Buddhist kingdoms of Khotan, Kashgar and Tumshuq in the Tarim Basin
Saka_language
extinct language may be narrowly defined as a language with no native speakers and no descendant languages. Under this definition, a language becomes
List of languages by time of extinction
List_of_languages_by_time_of_extinction
Language group of the Indo-Iranian language family
The Nuristani languages, known earlier as Kafiri languages, are one of the three groups within the Indo-Iranian language family, alongside the Indo-Aryan
Nuristani_languages
Indo-European linguistic classification
characters and Latin characters. Languages of the Indo-European family are classified as either centum languages or satem languages according to how the dorsal
Centum_and_satem_languages
Proposed subgroup of Indo-European languages
Graeco-Aryan) and, more recently, Messapic. The linguist Václav Blažek states that, in regard to the classification of these languages, "the lexical corpora do
Graeco-Phrygian_languages
Branch of Indo-European language family
Hellenic is the branch of the Indo-European language family whose principal member is Greek. In most classifications, Hellenic consists of Greek alone
Hellenic_languages
Reconstructed ancestor of the Albanian languages
region. Whether descendants or sister languages of what was called Illyrian by classical sources, Albanian and Messapic, on the basis of shared features and
Proto-Albanian_language
Extinct branch of Indo-European languages
Anatolian languages are an extinct branch of Indo-European languages that were spoken in Anatolia (modern Turkey). The best known Anatolian language is Hittite
Anatolian_languages
Group of Eastern Iranic languages
cuneiform script. The Scythian languages (/ˈsɪθiən/ or /ˈsɪðiən/ or /ˈskɪθiən/) are a group of Eastern Iranic languages of the classical and late antique
Scythian_languages
Bazigar Indo-European languages whose relationship to other languages in the family is unclear Albanoid? Dardanian Illyrian Messapic Ancient Belgian Asinean
List of Indo-European languages
List_of_Indo-European_languages
Progenitor of Old Norse
Proto-Norse, or Ancient Nordic, was an Indo-European language spoken in Scandinavia that is thought to have evolved as a northern dialect of Proto-Germanic
Proto-Norse_language
Ancestor of the Celtic languages
or Common Celtic, is the reconstructed ancestral proto-language of all known Celtic languages, and a descendant of Proto-Indo-European. It is not attested
Proto-Celtic_language
parent language in Europe. Europe portal Language portal Lists of extinct languages List of endangered languages in Europe "Aequian - MultiTree". LINGUIST
List of extinct languages and dialects of Europe
List_of_extinct_languages_and_dialects_of_Europe
Comune in Apulia, Italy
Alezio (Messapic: Alytia; Latin: Aletium) is a town and comune in the province of Lecce in the Apulia region of south-east Italy. Alezio (despite legend
Alezio
Reconstructed ancestor of the Anatolian languages
proto-language from which the ancient Anatolian languages emerged (i.e. Hittite and its closest relatives). As with almost all other proto-languages, no
Proto-Anatolian_language
that the Veneti language forms a separate branch in itself. He noticed that the Illyrian language was attested only in some Messapic inscriptions and
Pan-Illyrian_hypotheses
Proposed reconstructed word list for the Proto-Indo-European language
. in Messapic, in Osco-Umbrian, in Venetic, in Gaulish, in Celtiberian, in Brittonic languages, in Welsh, in German and in the Baltic languages", as seen
Indo-European_vocabulary
Extinct Indo-European language of the Carpathian region
standpoint", Messapic is the closest at least partially attested language to Albanian. Hyllested & Joseph (2022) label this Albanian-Messapic branch as Illyric
Dacian_language
Last common ancestor of all varieties of Greek
The Proto-Greek language, also known as Proto-Hellenic, is the Indo-European language which was the last common ancestor of all varieties of Greek, including
Proto-Greek_language
Reconstructed proto-language
reconstructed proto-language descending from Proto-Indo-European (PIE). From Proto-Balto-Slavic, the later Balto-Slavic languages are thought to have
Proto-Balto-Slavic_language
Albanian linguistic varieties of Italy
of the World's Languages in Danger. While Italian law protects the language and culture of the Albanian people in Italy, the language taught at school
Arbëresh_language
Linguistical theory
is grouped together with Messapic in the same branch in the current phylogenetic classification of the Indo-European language family, called 'Albanoid'
Thraco-Illyrian_languages
Ancestor of the Baltic languages
Common Baltic) is the unattested, reconstructed ancestral proto-language of all Baltic languages. It is not attested in writing, but has been partly reconstructed
Proto-Baltic_language
Reconstructed proto-language
this language family in the early 20th century contradicted the formerly prevalent idea of an east–west division of the Indo-European language family
Proto-Tocharian_language
2007 book by David W. Anthony
The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World is a 2007 book by the anthropologist David
The Horse, the Wheel, and Language
The_Horse,_the_Wheel,_and_Language
Ancestor of Latin and other Italic languages
The Proto-Italic language is the ancestor of the Italic languages, most notably Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages. It is not directly attested
Proto-Italic_language
Father Sky-god in Proto-Indo-European mythology
"heaven" or "God", as in Dei-pátrous, the "sky-father", Proto-Messapic: *dyēs, Messapic: Zis or Dis, the sky-god, Albanian: Zojz, a sky and lightning
*Dyēus
Geographic region where the proto-Indo-European language originated
prehistoric homeland of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE), meaning it was the region where the proto-language was spoken before it split into the dialects
Proto-Indo-European_homeland
Reconstructed language
Armenian language which has been reconstructed by linguists. As Armenian is the only known language of its branch of the Indo-European languages, the comparative
Proto-Armenian_language
Protolanguage of the Indo-Aryan language family
Proto-Indic) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Aryan languages. It is intended to reconstruct the language of the Indo-Aryans, who had migrated
Proto-Indo-Aryan_language
Ancient tribe in the Balkans
Indo-European languages. The names of the two main Dardanian tribes – Galabri/Galabrioi and Thunatae/Thunatai – have been respectively connected to the Messapic Kalabroi/Calabri
Dardani
Group of peoples in northern Europe
peoples inhabiting the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea who speak Baltic languages. Among the Baltic peoples are modern-day Lithuanians (including Samogitians)
Balts
Extinct Indo-European language
poorly attested language, spoken in ancient times in Southeast Europe by the Thracians. The linguistic affinities of the Thracian language are poorly understood
Thracian_language
Subfield of linguistics
Indogermanistik) is an interdisciplinary field that examines the Indo-European languages and related cultural history through historical linguistics, comparative
Indo-European_studies
Migrations of Indo-Aryans into the Indian subcontinent
peoples, an ethnolinguistic group that spoke Indo-Aryan languages. These are the predominant languages of today's Bangladesh, Maldives, Nepal, North India
Indo-Aryan_migrations
Extinct Indo-European language in Asia
Tocharian, was a Western member of the Tocharian branch of Indo-European languages, extinct from the ninth century. Once spoken in the Tarim Basin in Central
Tocharian_B
Reconstructed ancestor of the Nuristani language family
Proto-Nuristani is the reconstructed proto-language of the Nuristani languages. Proto-Nuristani is descended from Proto-Indo-Iranian, which in turn is
Proto-Nuristani_language
Extinct Indo-European language of the Balkans
Paeonian, sometimes spelled Paionian, is a poorly attested, extinct language spoken by the ancient Paeonians until late antiquity. Paeonia was located
Paeonian_language
Hypothetical subfamily of the Indo-European languages
that would be the ancestor of Hellenic, Armenian, and the Indo-Iranian languages, which spans Southern Europe, Armenian highlands and Southern Asian regions
Graeco-Aryan_languages
Name list
white/bright one', also reflected from the Illyrian name Bardylis and Messapic Barzidihi and Barduli. The same root is found in the Albanian given name
Bardhyl
Indo-Aryan dialects spoken in Assam, India
different concerns and regions have been amalgamated. Deshi people speak this language and there are around 20 lakhs people. The Eastern Magadhi Prakrit gave
Goalpariya_dialects
Reconstructed ancestor language of Persian, Avestan, Kurdish, Pashto and others
reconstructed proto-language of the Iranian languages branch of Indo-European language family and thus the ancestor of the Iranian languages such as Persian
Proto-Iranian_language
linguistic names. Language portal Constructed language and List of constructed languages Language (for information about language in general) Language observatory
Index_of_language_articles
Extinct Celtic languages of Iberia
the Second Punic War). In particular, it includes: A northeastern inland language attested at a relatively late date in the extensive corpus of Celtiberian
Hispano-Celtic_languages
Testament editorial symbols Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, Umbrian, Faliscan, Messapic, North and South Picene) Kharosthi Classical Latin Medieval Latin Linear
Alphabetum
Ethnolinguistic groups in South Asia
(traditionally) speak Indo-Aryan languages. Historically, Aryans were the pastoralists who spoke Indo-Iranian languages, migrated from Central Asia into
Indo-Aryan_peoples
Ancient Celtic people of the Alps
Whatmough; Sarah Elizabeth Johnson, The Raetic, Lepontic, Gallic, East-Italic, Messapic and Sicel Inscriptions, in The Prae-Italic Dialects of Italy, vol. 2, Cambridge
Lepontii
Ancient Anatolian people of Kussara
Hittite language—referred to by its speakers as nešili, "the language of Nesa"—was a distinct member of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family;
Hittites
Attempts to classify the extinct Indo-European language
is grouped together with Messapic in the same branch in the current phylogenetic classification of the Indo-European language family. On the other hand
Classification_of_Thracian
Mediterranean wind
poet Horace refers to the sirocco at Trevico in Apulia as "Atabulus" (a Messapic word) in his account of his journey to Brundisium in 37 BC. Siroccos arise
Sirocco
Collection of indo-European peoples sharing Celtic languages and cultural practices
Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia, identified by their use of Celtic languages and other cultural similarities. Major Celtic groups included the Gauls;
Celts
Comune in Apulia, Italy
(2016), in the province of Lecce, in the Apulia region of south-east Italy. Messapic walls (3rd-4th centuries BC) "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane
Muro_Leccese
underworld. The possibilities of a Thracian goddess Zemelā (*gʰem-elā) and a Messapic goddess Damatura (*dʰǵʰem-māter), at the origin of the Greek Semele and
Proto-Indo-European_mythology
Ancient nomadic Iranic people who invaded West Asia in the 8th and 7th centuries BC
original name due to its transmission to the Greek language through the intermediary of the Lydian language, which did not distinguish between the voiced and
Cimmerians
City in Apulia, Italy
authors of antiquity about Barium, which they explain as the word "house" in Messapic. The city had strong Greek influences before the Roman era. In Ancient
Bari
Migrations out of the Proto-Indo-European homeland
derived Indo-European languages, which took place from around 4000 to 1000 BCE, potentially explaining how these related languages came to be spoken across
Indo-European_migrations
Ethnolinguistic group
Osco-Umbrians and Latino-Faliscans, speakers of the Italic languages, a subgroup of the Indo-European language family. In a broader sense, commonly used in historiography
Italic_peoples
writing of thousands of dedications to a local deity in three languages: Greek, Messapic and Latin. The site was re-occupied in late medieval times, when
Roca_(archaeological_site)
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
Scottish (of Norman origin)
Scottish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France named with Old Norse hagi ‘enclosure’, a word with cognates in most Germanic languages. Compare Hay.English : variant spelling of Haigh.Irish (County Cavan) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Thaidhg (see McCaig).
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a Germanic personal name composed of
the elements haim, heim ‘home’ + rīc ‘power’,
‘ruler’, introduced to England by the Normans in the form
Henri. During the Middle Ages this name became enormously
popular in England and was borne by eight kings. Continental forms of
the personal name were equally popular throughout Europe (German
Heinrich, French Henri, Italian Enrico and
Arrigo, Czech Jindřich, etc.). As an American family
name, the English form Henry has absorbed patronymics and many
other derivatives of this ancient name in continental European
languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.) In the period in
which the majority of English surnames were formed, a common English
vernacular form of the name was Harry, hence the surnames
Harris (southern) and Harrison (northern). Official
documents of the period normally used the Latinized form
Henricus. In medieval times, English Henry absorbed an
originally distinct Old English personal name that had hagan
‘hawthorn’. Compare Hain 2 as its first element, and there has
also been confusion with Amery.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hInnéirghe ‘descendant of
Innéirghe’, a byname based on éirghe
‘arising’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac ÉinrÃ
or Mac Einri, patronymics from the personal names
ÉinrÃ, Einri, Irish forms of Henry. It is
also found as a variant of McEnery.Jewish (American) : Americanized form of various like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish names.A bearer of the name from the Touraine region of France is
documented in Quebec city in 1667. Another (also called
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
Girl/Female
Spanish Latin
Lucky.
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of Nunnu.
Boy/Male
Greek
Freer of horses.
Male
Hebrew
(ש×ַבָּת) Hebrew name SHABBATH means "rest, Sabbath." In the Old Testament bible, this is the name of the seventh day of the week, a day of rest.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Intelligent
Boy/Male
Tamil
Trivikrama | தà¯à®°à¯€à®µà¯€à®•à¯à®°à®®à®¾à®‚
Conqueor of the three worlds
Girl/Female
Hindu
Smiley, Smiles
Boy/Male
Tamil
Shriyansh | à®·à¯à®°à¯€à®¯à®¾à®‚à®·
Fame giver and Lucky, Wealthy
Male
Welsh
Short form of Welsh Gwilym, GWIL means "will-helmet."
Girl/Female
Irish
the name of a saint.
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
MESSAPIC LANGUAGE
n. pl.
A Romanic people inhabiting that part of Belgium which comprises the provinces of Hainaut, Namur, Liege, and Luxembourg, and about one third of Brabant; also, the language spoken by this people. Used also adjectively.
v. t.
To communicate by language; to express in language.
a.
Hence, lacking cultivation or refinement; rustic; boorish; also, offensive to good taste or refined feelings; low; coarse; mean; base; as, vulgar men, minds, language, or manners.
a.
Of or relating to the Messiah; as, the Messianic office or character.
a.
Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition.
n.
A list or collection of words arranged in alphabetical order and explained; a dictionary or lexicon, either of a whole language, a single work or author, a branch of science, or the like; a word-book.
n.
The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.
n.
Abusive, reproachful language; discourteous speech; foul talk.
n.
A translation; that which is rendered from another language; as, the Common, or Authorized, Version of the Scriptures (see under Authorized); the Septuagint Version of the Old Testament.
n.
The vernacular, or common language.
n.
The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers.
prep.
Against; as, John Doe versus Richard Roe; -- chiefly used in legal language, and abbreviated to v. or vs.
imp. & p. p.
of Language
n.
Literally, world's speech; the name of an artificial language invented by Johan Martin Schleyer, of Constance, Switzerland, about 1879.
a.
Not correct or pure; corrupt; as, vicious language; vicious idioms.
n.
Grossness or clownishness of manners of language; absence of refinement; coarseness.
n.
Command; precept; -- now chiefly used in scriptural language.
n.
Language; words; speech; expression; signification of feeling or opinion.
a.
Lacking or wanting language; speechless; silent.