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See searches and references containing LOGICAL FORM!LOGICAL FORM
Precisely specified semantic version of a statement
logic, the logical form of a statement is a precisely specified semantic version of that statement in a formal system. Informally, the logical form attempts
Logical_form
Relationship where one statement follows from another
Logical consequence (also entailment or logical implication) is a fundamental concept in logic which describes the relationship between statements that
Logical_consequence
Bearer of truth values
Russell. Propositions are relevant to many fields. Logicians examine their logical form and inferential patterns as the premises and conclusions of arguments
Proposition
1921 philosophical work by Ludwig Wittgenstein
elements in logical space, then logical space itself cannot be depicted since it is itself not an arrangement of anything; rather logical form is a feature
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Tractatus_Logico-Philosophicus
Faulty deductive reasoning due to a logical flaw
fallacy must have an invalid logical form and thus be unsound. An informal fallacy, however, may have a valid logical form and yet be unsound because one
Formal_fallacy
Variant of a linguistic expression
In generative grammar and related approaches, the logical form (LF) of a linguistic expression is the variant of its syntactic structure which undergoes
Logical_form_(linguistics)
Process of drawing correct inferences
Logical reasoning is a form of thinking or information processing that aims to arrive at a conclusion in a rigorous way. It happens in the form of inferences
Logical_reasoning
Movement in Western philosophy
or if it is a tautology (true by virtue of its own meaning or its own logical form). The verifiability criterion thus rejected statements of metaphysics
Logical_positivism
Argument that uses faulty reasoning
informal fallacy originates in an error in reasoning other than an improper logical form. Arguments containing informal fallacies may be formally valid, but still
Fallacy
In order to evaluate these forms, statements are put into logical form. Logical form replaces any sentences or ideas with letters to remove any bias from
List_of_valid_argument_forms
Statement that is true regardless of the truth or falsity of its constituent propositions
Logical truth is one of the most fundamental concepts in logic. Broadly speaking, a logical truth is a statement which is true regardless of the truth
Logical_truth
Form of reasoning
any argument with the same logical form is also valid, no matter how different it is on the level of its contents. Logical consequence is knowable a priori
Deductive_reasoning
Symbol connecting formulas in logic
In logic, a logical connective (also called a logical operator, sentential connective, or sentential operator) is an operator that combines or modifies
Logical_connective
1929 academic paper by Ludwig Wittgenstein
"Some Remarks on Logical Form" (1929) was the only academic paper ever published by Ludwig Wittgenstein. It contained Wittgenstein's thinking on logic
Some_Remarks_on_Logical_Form
Analytical philosophical view expounded by Bertrand Russell
aims, especially in his earlier works). Gustav Bergmann developed a form of logical atomism that focused on an ideal phenomenalistic language, particularly
Logical_atomism
Programming paradigm based on formal logic
set of sentences in logical form, representing knowledge about some problem domain. Computation is performed by applying logical reasoning to that knowledge
Logic_programming
Austrian philosopher and logician (1889–1951)
Logico-Philosophicus. His only other published works were an article, "Some Remarks on Logical Form" (1929); a review of The Science of Logic by P. Coffey; and a children's
Ludwig_Wittgenstein
Study of correct reasoning
informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure
Logic
Statement supporting a conclusion
paraphrase them in the standard form to disambiguate their components and clarify their logical structure. The standard form presents each premise on a separate
Premise
Apologetic argument for the divinity of Jesus
for true knowledge, Little acts as if the unbeliever needs merely to be logical about Jesus' claims in order to arrive at the truth." Christological argument
Lewis's_trilemma
Branch of logic
Informal logic encompasses the principles of logic and logical thought outside of a formal setting (characterized by the usage of particular statements)
Informal_logic
Argument whose conclusion must be true if its premises are
conclusion follows from the premises without violating the correctness of the logical form. If also the premises of a valid argument are proven true, this is said
Validity_(logic)
1781 book by Immanuel Kant
different logical forms, with each form combining concepts in different ways. Kant claims that if we can identify all of the possible logical forms of judgment
Critique_of_Pure_Reason
Book and research concept by art critic and historian Ekaterina Vasilyeva
Photography and Non-Logical Form is a book and research concept by art critic and art historian Ekaterina Vasilyeva. The book provides an idea that draws
Photography and Non-Logical Form
Photography_and_Non-Logical_Form
20th-century tradition of Western philosophy
Stoic; allowing for a much greater range of sentences to be parsed into logical form. An example of this is the problem of multiple generality. Neo-Kantianism
Analytic_philosophy
Formal study of linguistic meaning
like singular terms, predicates, quantifiers, and logical connectives to represent the logical form of natural language expressions. Type theory is another
Formal semantics (natural language)
Formal_semantics_(natural_language)
Topics referred to by the same term
Sesquilinear form, a generalisation of bilinear forms, especially on complex vector spaces (Hermitian forms) Argument form, a.k.a. Logical form or Test form - replacing
Form
State of being real
are striped" have the logical form "there is a striped zebra" while judgments like "all zebras are striped" have the logical form "there is not a non-striped
Existence
1953 work by Ludwig Wittgenstein
rude gesture from Sraffa, who then asked Wittgenstein, "What is the logical form of that?" In the Introduction of Philosophical Investigations, written
Philosophical_Investigations
Binary operation that is true if and only if both operands are false
Boolean logic, logical NOR, non-disjunction, or joint denial is a truth-functional operator which produces a result that is the negation of logical or. That
Logical_NOR
Words and contextual actions which provide a complete meaning
utterance "Water!" could be an order, the answer to a question, or some other form of communication. In his work Philosophical Investigations (1953), Ludwig
Language_game_(philosophy)
Particular way of storing and organizing data in a computer
memory and how operations are carried out, while the ADT describes the logical form or algebraic structure of the data type—what operations are allowed and
Data_structure
Philosophical metaphor about learning
picture theory of language is correct, and it is impossible to represent logical form, then the theory, by trying to say something about how language and the
Wittgenstein's_ladder
Translation of a text into a logical system
general since it is needed to establish a link between many forms of reasoning and abstract logical systems. The use of informal logic is an alternative to
Logic_translation
Study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal and natural languages
validity, and logical consequence. While logical syntax concerns the formal rules for constructing well-formed expressions, logical semantics establishes
Semantics_(logic)
Attempt to persuade or to determine the truth of a conclusion
This logical perspective on argument is relevant for scientific fields such as mathematics and computer science. Logic is the study of the forms of reasoning
Argument
2021 nonfiction book by Andreas Malm
in 2021 by Verso Books. In the book, Malm argues that sabotage is a logical form of climate activism, and criticizes both pacifism within the climate
How_to_Blow_Up_a_Pipeline
Philosophy emphasizing names and labels
University Library. Quine, W. V. O. (1961). "On What There is," in From a Logical Point of View, 2nd/ed. N.Y: Harper and Row. Quine, W. V. O. (1969). Set
Nominalism
Something that exists in some identified universe of discourse
presumption that an entity is animate, or present. The verb tense of this form is to 'entitize' - meaning to convert into an entity; to perceive as tangible
Entity
Natural language processing task
parsing is the task of converting a natural language utterance to a logical form: a machine-understandable representation of its meaning. Semantic parsing
Semantic_parsing
Philanthropy conception of meaning
psychological theories, involving notions of thought, intention, or understanding; logical theories, involving notions such as intension, cognitive content, or sense
Meaning_(philosophy)
Type of logical formula
mathematical logic and logic programming, a Horn clause is a logical formula of a particular rule-like form that gives it useful properties for use in logic programming
Horn_clause
20th-century dispute among American linguists
semantic representation in the generative semantic analyses resembled the logical form; therefore, the derivation of a sentence is the direct mapping of semantics
Linguistics_wars
Concept in mathematics or computer science
Sag, Ivan (1976). Deletion and Logical Form. MIT dissertation. Williams, Edwin S. (1977). "Discourse and Logical Form". Linguistic Inquiry. 8 (1): 101–39
Free variables and bound variables
Free_variables_and_bound_variables
Method of deriving conclusions
swapped. They contrast with formal fallacies—invalid argument forms involving logical errors. Logicians construct formal systems to precisely capture
Rule_of_inference
Informal fallacy involving falsely limited alternatives
an event. It either happened or it did not happen. This ontology sets a logical construct that cannot be reasonably applied to epistemology. The presentation
False_dilemma
Logic puzzle by Raymond Smullyan
works can also be seen by studying the logical form of the expected answer to the question. This logical form (Boolean expression) is developed below
The_Hardest_Logic_Puzzle_Ever
Concept in linguistics
that give us judgements of form and meaning of D-structure. Early theorists seemed to suggest that phonetic form and logical form are two distinct approaches
Sloppy_identity
Topics referred to by the same term
relationships Logical form, the abstract form of a set of sentences in logic Logical form (linguistics), a level of syntactic representation Logical framework
Lf
American philosopher and logician (1941–2023)
completing his PhD in philosophy in 1969 with the dissertation The Logical Form of Imperatives under the supervision of Dana Scott. The dissertation
Brian_Chellas
Programming paradigm based on modeling the logic of a computation
sentences expressed in logical form, and computation uses those sentences to solve problems, which are also expressed in logical form. In a pure functional
Declarative_programming
German-American philosopher (1891–1970)
thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism. Carnap was born Paul Rudolf Carnap on 18 May 1891 in Ronsdorf
Rudolf_Carnap
Study of meaning in language
premises and arrive at a conclusion. These procedures only take the logical form of the premises on the level of syntax into account and ignore what meaning
Semantics
Type of logic diagram
subject. Every categorical proposition can be reduced to one of four logical forms, named A, E, I, and O based on the Latin affirmo (I affirm), for the
Square_of_opposition
Study of the scope and nature of logic
logic that studies the application of logical methods to philosophical problems, often in the form of extended logical systems like modal logic. But other
Philosophy_of_logic
If and only if relation
or exclusive nor, is the logical connective used to conjoin two statements P {\displaystyle P} and Q {\displaystyle Q} to form the statement " P {\displaystyle
Logical_biconditional
American philosopher
environment; and the view that meaning in natural language manifests a logical form that at its core is truth-functional. These (and other) common threads
William_Lycan
American linguist and philosopher
Dikken. Ludlow's paper with the semanticist Richard Larson, "Interpreted Logical Forms", advocated a quasi-sententialist view of propositional attitude verbs
Peter_Ludlow
English philosopher (1919–2006)
Strawson was different, Strawson was only concerned in describing the logical structure of our thinking about the world. Strawson was a collaborator
P._F._Strawson
Philosophical concept of Ludwig Wittgenstein
Form of life (German: Lebensform) is a term used sparingly by Ludwig Wittgenstein in his posthumously published works Philosophical Investigations (PI)
Form_of_life
Property or quality connoted by a word, phrase, or another symbol
statement with a different logical value. An intensional statement, then, is an instance of such a form; it has the same form as a statement in which substitution
Intension
Overview of and topical guide to logic
Description Entailment Identity (philosophy) Inference Logical form Logical implication Logical truth Logical consequence Name Necessity Material conditional
Outline_of_logic
American scientist (1839–1914)
§ Charles Sanders Peirce Laws of Form List of American philosophers List of pioneers in computer science Logical machine Logical matrix Mathematical psychology
Charles_Sanders_Peirce
Inference seeking the simplest and most likely explanation
(also called abduction, abductive inference, or retroduction) is a form of logical inference that seeks the simplest and most likely conclusion from a
Abductive_reasoning
Semantic object to which an operator applies
surface form can be semantically ambiguous between different scope construals. Some theories of scope posit a level of syntactic structure called logical form
Scope_(formal_semantics)
Logical connective AND
\wedge } ) is the truth-functional operator of conjunction or logical conjunction. The logical connective of this operator is typically represented as ∧ {\displaystyle
Logical_conjunction
Logical connective OR
logic, disjunction (also known as logical disjunction, logical or, logical addition, or inclusive disjunction) is a logical connective typically notated as
Logical_disjunction
Semantic distinction in philosophy
form "All unmarried men are unmarried", which is recognizable as tautologous and therefore analytic from its logical form: any statement of the form "All
Analytic–synthetic distinction
Analytic–synthetic_distinction
Statement that is taken to be true
logic they define and are often shown in symbolic form (e.g., (A and B) implies A), while non-logical axioms are substantive assertions about the elements
Axiom
Term in logic
natural language. From a logical analysis point of view, the truth of a sentence is determined by only two things: the logical form of the sentence. the truth
Atomic_sentence
Symbol with a fixed meaning in logic
as logical constants in the form aRb. Logical connective Logical value Non-logical symbol Peacocke, Christopher (May 6, 1976). "What is a Logical Constant
Logical_constant
Words expressing a complete thought
a single process going on through time. A clause complex represents a logical relation between two or more processes and is thus composed of two or more
Sentence_(linguistics)
Branch of philosophy
logic of information, also known as the logical theory of information, considers the information content of logical signs and expressions along the lines
Philosophy_of_information
English mathematician and philosopher (1872–1970)
central to analytic philosophy. His early academic work focused on the logical foundations of mathematics, culminating in his first major publication
Bertrand_Russell
Philosophical theory by Bertrand Russell
syntactic form of descriptions (phrases that took the form of "The flytrap" and "A flytrap") is misleading, as it does not correlate their logical and/or
Theory_of_descriptions
Formal fallacy
occurs when a deductive argument takes the following logical form: A or B A Therefore, not B Or in logical operators: p ∨ q {\displaystyle p\vee q} p {\displaystyle
Affirming_a_disjunct
Philosophical doctrine
experience) or an analytic truth (true by virtue of its definition or logical form). Typically expressed as a criterion of meaning, it rejects traditional
Verificationism
another in logical proofs. logical falsehood A statement that is false under all possible interpretations, also known as a contradiction. logical form The abstract
Glossary_of_logic
Mental representation of the external world
reasoning which makes the assumption that reasoning depends, not on logical form, but on mental models (Johnson-Laird and Byrne, 1991). Mental models
Mental_model
Subverted support is a logical fallacy of explanation which attempts to explain something that does not happen. X happens because of Y (when X does not
Subverted_support
Machine reading of unstructured documents
data. A more specific goal is to allow automated reasoning about the logical form of the input data. Structured data is semantically well-defined data
Information_extraction
Topics referred to by the same term
language from a machine representation system such as a knowledge base or a logical form Random test generator, used in software testing The Generators, a 1997
Generator
British computer scientist
research includes the development of game semantics, domain theory in logical form, and categorical quantum mechanics. His earlier positions include: Programmer
Samson_Abramsky
defined in terms of whether or not a logic offers the correct form of valid inference. Logical pluralism holds that multiple different types of valid inference
Logical_pluralism
Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath (384–322 BC)
is probably not in its original form, because it was most likely edited by students and later lecturers. The logical works of Aristotle were compiled
Aristotle
1977 collection of essays by Susan Sontag
1977). Regarding the Pain of Others Camera Lucida Photography and Non-Logical Form Sontag, Susan (1978), On Photography, Penguin Books, London, p. 11 Vasilieva
On_Photography
Commonly used phrase used to quell cognitive dissonance
argument" in his 2017 book Logically Fallacious, along with a proposed logical form of the cliché: "Person 1 makes claim Y. Claim Y sounds catchy. Therefore
Thought-terminating_cliché
Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine. In the West, inquiry into language
Philosophy_of_language
Theory in philosophy of language
such descriptions must, in turn, be reduced, to a certain very specific logical form of existential generalization as follows: "The king of France is bald
Descriptivist_theory_of_names
Usage of punctuation
prevailing style in the United Kingdom – called British style, logical quotation, and logical punctuation – is to include within quotation marks only those
Quotation_marks_in_English
Type of computer system
languages, rules are written in the form of clauses: A :- B1, ..., Bn. and are read as declarative sentences in logical form: A if B1 and ... and Bn. In the
Rule-based_system
linguistic expression, derived from surface structure, and related to Logical Form. Phonetic form is the level of representation wherein expressions, or sentences
Phonetic_form
British philosopher (born 1958)
the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: MIT Press (1997), pp. 415–474. Logical Form and LF. In Noam Chomsky: Critical Assessments Routledge, 1993, pp. 788–838
Stephen_Neale
American philosopher and logician (1940–2022)
responsible for the revival of metaphysics and essentialism after the decline of logical positivism, claiming necessity is a metaphysical notion distinct from the
Saul_Kripke
Theory in the philosophy of mind
In the philosophy of mind, logical behaviorism (also known as analytical behaviorism) is the thesis that the meaning of mental concepts can be explained
Logical_behaviorism
explicatures lies with the communicator. The definition also implies that the logical form (intuitively, the literal meaning) of an utterance is incomplete. In
Explicature
Logically self-contradictory statement
paradox, cannot be easily resolved by making foundational changes in a logical system. Examples outside logic include the ship of Theseus, a paradox that
Paradox
Denoting phrase in the form of "the X"
bald" is true or false depends on how it is interpreted at the level of logical form: if the negation is construed as taking wide scope (as in the first of
Definite_description
Sentence that resists simple formalization
allow a computer program to accurately translate natural language forms into logical form. It is unknown how natural language users agree – apparently effortlessly
Donkey_sentence
Conditional statement which is true because the antecedent cannot be satisfied
A} is empty. This logical form ∀ x ∈ A : Q ( x ) {\displaystyle \forall x\in A:Q(x)} can be converted to the material conditional form in order to easily
Vacuous_truth
LOGICAL FORM
LOGICAL FORM
Boy/Male
Indian
Intelligent, Logical
Girl/Female
Indian
Successful; Logical Thinkers
Girl/Female
Tamil
Give light to others
Boy/Male
Hindu
Love and kindness, Analytical, Logical
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
A Magical Sword
Boy/Male
Tamil
Love and kindness, Analytical, Logical
Girl/Female
Indian, Modern, Sanskrit
Magical
Boy/Male
Tamil
Intelligent, Logical
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Endowed with Mind; Logical
Boy/Male
German, Swedish
Elf; Magical Army; Warrior
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Give Light to Others
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, French, Indian, Muslim, Swahili, Tamil
Intelligent; Logical; Intelligent One who Reasons; Wise
Girl/Female
Danish, Hindu, Indian, Japanese
Ray of Light; Logical
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Logician
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Native American
Magical dancer.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Logical
Girl/Female
Australian, French, Swedish
Elf; Magical Counsel
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Logical Science
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
King Rama's Wife
LOGICAL FORM
LOGICAL FORM
Girl/Female
Australian, Italian, Jewish
God is My Strength; God's Able-bodied One; Female Version of Gabriel
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Its Biblical Name
Girl/Female
British, English
Elf Power
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Amicable; Friendly
Boy/Male
English
College
Girl/Female
Indian
As beautiful as the Moon
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, Australian, Christian, Danish, German, Hebrew
Zealous; Little Marcus; Wise and Peaceful
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the medieval female personal name Royse, also found in the spelling Rose and popularly associated with the flower, but in fact originally from a Germanic personal name. This is recorded in Domesday Book in the form Rothais and is composed of the elements hrÅd ‘renown’ + haid(is) ‘kind’, ‘sort’.Americanized spelling of German Reuss.
Girl/Female
Indian
Powerful; Guide
Boy/Male
Tamil
A mythical snake with jewel in its Hood
LOGICAL FORM
LOGICAL FORM
LOGICAL FORM
LOGICAL FORM
LOGICAL FORM
n.
See Logic.
a.
Having a mixture of seriousness and sport; serious and comical.
a.
Half logical; partly logical; said of fallacies.
a.
Of or pertaining to logic; used in logic; as, logical subtilties.
a.
Of or pertaining to the nodes; from a node to the same node again; as, the nodical revolutions of the moon.
a.
Skilled in logic; versed in the art of thinking and reasoning; as, he is a logical thinker.
pl.
of Lorica
a.
Having or observing logical sequence; logically consistent and rigorous; consecutive in development or transition of thought.
n.
Of or pertaining to a place; limited; logical application; as, a topical remedy; a topical claim or privilege.
a.
Logical.
n.
A logical deduction.
v. t.
Consistent; logical.
n.
A treatise on logic; as, Mill's Logic.
a.
Exciting mirth; droll; laughable; as, a comical story.
a.
Having the form of, or resembling, a geometrical cone; round and tapering to a point, or gradually lessening in circumference; as, a conic or conical figure; a conical vessel.
a.
Excessively logical; adhering too closely to the forms or rules of logic.
adv.
In a logical manner; as, to argue logically.
a.
Ignorant or negligent of the rules of logic or correct reasoning; as, an illogical disputant; contrary of the rules of logic or sound reasoning; as, an illogical inference.
a.
According to the rules of logic; as, a logical argument or inference; the reasoning is logical.
n.
A person skilled in logic.