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Type of sensor
A linear encoder is a sensor, transducer or readhead paired with a scale that encodes position. The sensor reads the scale in order to convert the encoded
Linear_encoder
Electromechanical device
the encoder is motionless. In the case of a rotary encoder, the frequency indicates the speed of the encoder's shaft rotation, and in linear encoders the
Incremental_encoder
Electromechanical device
A rotary encoder, also called a shaft encoder, is an electro-mechanical device that converts the angular position or motion of a shaft or axle to analog
Rotary_encoder
Topics referred to by the same term
Encoder may refer to: Audio encoder, converts digital audio to analog audio signals Video encoder, converts digital video to analog video signals Simple
Encoder
Type of motor
models. More sophisticated servomotors make use of an absolute encoder (a type of rotary encoder) to calculate the shaft's position and infer the speed of
Servomotor
Algorithm for modelling sequential data
Modern transformer designs are commonly grouped into encoder-only, decoder-only, and encoder-decoder variants, depending on whether they are optimized
Transformer_(deep_learning)
Index of articles associated with the same name
be measured as either linear or angular position Linear encoder, converts linear position to an electronic signal Rotary encoder, converts rotary position
Encoder_(position)
(piezo-electric) Position encoders: Absolute encoder Incremental encoder Linear encoder Rotary encoder Potentiometer Proximity sensor (optical) String potentiometer
Position_sensor
Type of electrical transformer
other industrial and scientific applications. Dot convention Linear encoder Rotary encoder "Borehole stress property measuring system". "DwyerOmega | Sensing
Linear variable differential transformer
Linear_variable_differential_transformer
Standard for HDTV image encoding and signal characteristics
intensities of the primaries. Mathematically, the inverse of the non-linear encoding above would be L = { V / 4.5 if V < 0.081 ( V + 0.099 1.099 ) 1 /
Rec._709
Numeric display reporting position of machinery
right, encoder A is triggered first and encoder B afterwards. So the computer can know that the scale moved 5μm to the right. And, if encoder B triggers
Digital_readout
Optical machine-readable representation of data
sensors. A series of barcodes are used in some kinds of absolute 1D linear encoder. The barcodes are packed close enough together that the reader always
Barcode
Tool used to measure dimensions of an object
an inductive linear encoder, which allows robust performance in the presence of contamination such as coolants. Magnetic linear encoders are used in yet
Calipers
German machine tool numerical control manufacturer
first Heidenhain numerical control was launched in 1976. In 1987, a linear encoder series operating on the principle of light interference was introduced
Heidenhain
Image luminance mapping function
floating-point format already provides a piecewise linear approximation of a logarithmic curve. Although gamma encoding was developed originally to compensate for
Gamma_correction
Optical component
provides guidance on refining the figure. The ruled divisions in a linear encoder are in the form of Ronchi ruling, which provides the basic precision
Ronchi_ruling
Neural network that learns efficient data encoding in an unsupervised manner
message. Usually, both the encoder and the decoder are defined as multilayer perceptrons (MLPs). For example, a one-layer-MLP encoder E ϕ {\displaystyle E_{\phi
Autoencoder
Class of codes in coding theory
achieve linear time encoding and decoding complexity through a pre-coding stage of the input symbols. Triangular network coding achieve linear encoding and
Fountain_code
Transcoding and non-linear video editing software application
Microsoft Expression Encoder (formerly Expression Media Encoder) is a discontinued transcoding and non-linear video editing software application for Microsoft
Microsoft_Expression_Encoder
Syllabic script used for writing Mycenaean Greek
contains Linear B Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Linear B. Linear B is
Linear_B
Measuring device
measuring head (whether vernier, fine rack and pinion with dial, or linear encoder with digital display), whereas a surface gauge has only a scriber point
Height_gauge
Open source interface
solutions. Position sensor system Rotary encoder (absolute encoder) Linear position sensors (absolute encoder) Drive control (motor feedback) Intelligent
BiSS_interface
Dimension of the column space of a matrix
measure of the "nondegenerateness" of the system of linear equations and linear transformation encoded by A. There are multiple equivalent definitions of
Rank_(linear_algebra)
Topics referred to by the same term
dictionary encoding Spectral density estimation Stochastic differential equation Sub-divisional error, a read head error mechanism in a linear encoder Vicecomodoro
SDE
Undeciphered writing system of ancient Crete
contains Linear A Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Linear A. Linear A is
Linear_A
Machine learning technique
Both encoder and decoder can use self-attention, but with subtle differences. For encoder self-attention, we can start with a simple encoder without
Attention_(machine_learning)
Series of language models developed by Google AI
Transformer encoder blocks, and are decoded back to 30,000-dimensional vocabulary space using a basic affine transformation layer. The encoder stack of BERT
BERT_(language_model)
Family of machine learning approaches
neural network (the encoder), and then maps it back to an output sequence using another neural network (the decoder). The idea of encoder-decoder sequence
Seq2seq
Machine learning model for vision processing
over classes. The original paper uses a linear-GeLU-linear-softmax network. The original ViT was an encoder-only Transformer supervise-trained to predict
Vision_transformer
Inclinometer Incremental encoder Integrated circuit piezoelectric sensor Laser rangefinder Laser surface velocimeter LIDAR Linear encoder Linear variable differential
List_of_sensors
Color image encoding system
Color Encoding Specification (ACES): The specification that defines the ACES color space, allowing half-float high-precision encoding in scene linear light
Academy_Color_Encoding_System
Audio companding in communications
Audio quality comparison 16-bit linear PCM (reference/original) 8-bit A-law PCM 8-bit linear PCM Problems playing these files? See media help. An A-law
A-law_algorithm
Audio companding algorithm
Audio quality comparison 16-bit linear PCM (reference/original) 8-bit µ-law PCM 8-bit linear PCM Problems playing these files? See media help. The μ-law
Mu-law_algorithm
Computer control of machine tools
avoidance are possible, through the use of absolute position sensors (optical encoder strips or disks) to verify that motion occurred, or torque sensors or power-draw
Computer_numerical_control
Digital representation of sampled analog signals
algorithm predicts the next sample based on the previous samples, and the encoder stores only the difference between this prediction and the actual value
Pulse-code_modulation
List of computer file compression formats
Coding (AAC) (MPEG-2 Part 7) FAAC (encoder) and FAAD (decoder) FFmpeg iTunes Nero AAC Codec VisualOn AAC Encoder (a.k.a. libvo_aacenc) Fraunhofer FDK
List_of_codecs
Wide color gamut RGB color space
formats. Two encodings are defined for the individual primaries: a linear 16 bit per channel encoding and a nonlinear 12 bit per channel encoding. The 16 bit
ScRGB
2017 research paper by Google
2020, Google Translate replaced the previous RNN-encoder–RNN-decoder model by a transformer-encoder–RNN-decoder model. Starting in 2018, the OpenAI GPT
Attention_Is_All_You_Need
Unicode character block
Mycenaean Greek and Minoan. Several Linear B ideographs double as syllabic letters, and are encoded in the Linear B Syllabary block. The following Unicode-related
Linear_B_Ideograms
British engineering company
systems that optimise the performance of CNC machinery, linear encoder systems, rotary encoder systems, additive manufacturing machines, dental CAD/CAM
Renishaw_plc
Digital image having no color information
the amount of physical light they represent at that pixel (called a linear encoding or scale), the differences between adjacent dark shades could be quite
Grayscale
Method to solve optimization problems
Linear programming (LP), also called linear optimization, is a method to achieve the best outcome (such as maximum profit or lowest cost) in a mathematical
Linear_programming
Branch of mathematics
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as a 1 x 1 + ⋯ + a n x n = b , {\displaystyle a_{1}x_{1}+\cdots +a_{n}x_{n}=b
Linear_algebra
Unicode character block
Michael; Younger, John (2010-12-28). "N3973: Revised proposal for encoding the Linear A script in the SMP of the UCS" (PDF). Working Group Document, ISO/IEC
Linear_A_(Unicode_block)
Lossless digital audio coding format
waveform is identical to the waveform before encoding. For two-channel stereo, the encoder may choose to joint-encode the audio. The channels are transformed
FLAC
Telecommunications and signal processing technique
better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at lower bit depths. For example, a linearly encoded 16-bit PCM signal can be converted to an 8-bit WAV or AU file while
Companding
Concept in coding theory
coding was done using linear network coding (LNC). The drawback of LNC over large finite field is that it resulted in high encoding and decoding computational
Triangular_network_coding
Speech codec by Qualcomm
Qualcomm code-excited linear prediction (QCELP), also known as Qualcomm PureVoice, is a speech codec developed in 1994 by Qualcomm to increase the speech
Qualcomm code-excited linear prediction
Qualcomm_code-excited_linear_prediction
Lossless digital audio coding format
that uses linear prediction (similar to other lossless codecs). The data compression software for encoding into ALAC files, Apple Lossless Encoder, was introduced
Apple_Lossless_Audio_Codec
Image compression standard
in November 2005. The encoder consists of two parts—a discrete wavelet transform transform coder followed by a bitplane encoder on the similar lines as
CCSDS_122.0-B-1
Digital audio format
to where the next frame's main_data_begin points to. Encoder mp3PRO used ancillary data to encode extra information which could improve audio quality when
MP3
Simulator steering wheel
Argon ones. The motor encoder reads the position and/or motion (torque and rotation) of the shaft. The resolution of the encoder is typically measured
Direct-drive_sim_racing_wheel
Image dithering algorithm
above is in the following pseudocode. This works for any approximately linear encoding of pixel values, such as 8-bit integers, 16-bit integers or real numbers
Floyd–Steinberg_dithering
Standard RGB color space
data fairly linearly to a signal that was sent to a video monitor. However video monitors and TVs produced a brightness that was not linear with the input
SRGB
Type of error-correcting code using convolution
common practice. The example encoder in Img. 2. is an 8-state encoder because the 3 registers will create 8 possible encoder states (23). A corresponding
Convolutional_code
AE motor
and the position of the encoder gives rise to an error signal that causes the motor and geartrain to rotate until the encoder reflects a position matching
Rotary_actuator
Class of artificial neural network
word-level embeddings. Two RNNs can be run front-to-back in an encoder-decoder configuration. The encoder RNN processes an input sequence into a sequence of hidden
Recurrent_neural_network
Actuator that creates motion in a straight line
A linear actuator is an actuator that creates linear motion (i.e., in a straight line), in contrast to the circular motion of a conventional electric motor
Linear_actuator
Non-destructive audio, video, or image editing
Non-linear editing (NLE) is a form of offline editing for audio, avideo, and image editing. In offline editing, the original content is not modified in
Non-linear_editing
Robotic machine
verification cameras and fine adjustment systems via high precision linear encoders on each axis to place parts more accurately than the high-speed machines
Pick-and-place_machine
Machine learning methods using multiple input modalities
trained encoder. Concretely, one can construct an LLM that can understand images as follows: take a trained LLM, and take a trained image encoder E {\displaystyle
Multimodal_learning
Reverse-engineering neural networks
explanations. This hypothesis suggests that high-level concepts are represented as linear directions in the activation space of neural networks. Empirical evidence
Mechanistic_interpretability
Revolving disk with cut-outs to modulate light
century opto-mechanical computer mice used two encoders for X-Y position measurement. Optical linear encoders also exist. LCD televisions use millions of
Optical_chopper
Family of error-correcting codes that encode data in blocks
codes) would also be considered block codes. A non-terminated convolutional encoder would be an example of a non-block (unframed) code, which has memory and
Block_code
System of resource-aware logic
Linear logic is a substructural logic proposed by French logician Jean-Yves Girard as a refinement of classical and intuitionistic logic, joining the dualities
Linear_logic
Term in information theory
good a specific encoder decoder pair is. The fundamental limits in lossless source coding are as follows. Consider a continuous encoder function f ( x
Information_dimension
Type of barcode
PDF417 is a stacked linear barcode format used in a variety of applications such as transport, identification cards, and inventory management. "PDF" stands
PDF417
a certain height. In addition to microprocessor based controller, a linear encoder is used in systems with collapse control. In this mode, the final height
Ultrasonic welding of thermoplastics
Ultrasonic_welding_of_thermoplastics
Class of error-correcting code
types. Linear codes allow for more efficient encoding and decoding algorithms than other codes (cf. syndrome decoding).[citation needed] Linear codes are
Linear_code
Timecode encoded as an audio signal
Linear (or Longitudinal) Timecode (LTC) is an encoding of SMPTE timecode data in an audio signal, as defined in SMPTE 12M specification. The audio signal
Linear_timecode
Magnetic tape data storage technology
Linear Tape-Open (LTO), also known as the LTO Ultrium format, is a magnetic tape data storage technology used for backup, data archiving, and data transfer
Linear_Tape-Open
Technique in digital communications
8PSK). A differential encoder provides the (1) operation, a differential decoder - the (2) operation. Both differential encoder and differential decoder
Differential_coding
Parametric codec for audio
basic premise of the encoder is that most audio, and particularly speech, can be synthesized from only sinusoids and noise. The encoder describes individual
Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise
Harmonic_and_Individual_Lines_and_Noise
coupled to the shaft of a rotational sensor (a potentiometer or rotary encoder). As the transducer's cable extends along with the movable object, it causes
String_potentiometer
Linear error correcting code
one encoder required for each check bit, but in practice the hardware cost is reduced by picking encoders that can be re-used. During the encoding of a
Low-density_parity-check_code
Technique in neural networks for learning joint representations of text and images
encoder and NormalizerFree ResNet F6 as the image encoder. The image encoder of the CLIP pair was taken with parameters frozen and the text encoder was
Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training
Contrastive_Language–Image_Pre-training
Formal language concept
a more expressive generalization of finite automata on words. The linear encodings of languages accepted by finite nested word automata gives the class
Nested_word
Series of large language models developed by Google AI
Like the original Transformer model, T5 models are encoder-decoder Transformers, where the encoder processes the input text, and the decoder generates
T5_(language_model)
Component of test and measurement system
automated stages, a scale can be attached to the internals of the stage and an encoder used to measure the position on the scale and report this to the controller
Motion_system
Topics referred to by the same term
Vasco Ronchi Ronchi ruling, a pattern for optical measurements like linear encoders Ronchis, a comune in the Province of Udine This disambiguation page
Ronchi
Compact encoding of digital data
Typically, a device that performs data compression is referred to as an encoder, and one that performs the reversal of the process (decompression) as a
Data_compression
Device or program that encodes/decodes audio data in some bitstream format
transform (MDCT) coding and linear predictive coding (LPC). In hardware, audio codec refers to a single device that encodes analog audio as digital signals
Audio_codec
Speech coding standard
wideband speech codecs the order is usually 16. The speech encoder accepts 13 bit linear PCM at an 8 kHz sample rate. This can be direct from an analog-to-digital
Full_Rate
Study of the properties of codes and their fitness
the system convolutional encoder, which is the convolution of the input bit, against the states of the convolution encoder, registers. Fundamentally
Coding_theory
Type of coupling
mechanical and metrological requirements of encoders. Through its unique function element, the compact shaft encoder coupling combines extremely low restoring
Schmidt_coupling
Convention of symbols representing language
script. In Braille, raised bumps on the writing substrate are used to encode non-linear symbols. The original system – which Louis Braille (1809–1852) invented
Writing_system
Machine learning model for speech
then processed by a series of Transformer encoder blocks (with pre-activation residual connections). The encoder's output is layer normalized. The decoder
Whisper (speech recognition system)
Whisper_(speech_recognition_system)
Type of electrical connector
industrial products, the DA-15 version being commonly used on rotary and linear encoders. The early Macintosh and late Apple II computers used a non-standard
D-subminiature
Tool for precise linear motion
with "linear stage", though technically "linear slide" refers to a linear motion bearing, which is only a component of a linear stage. All linear stages
Linear_stage
Evolutionary algorithm
And like living organisms, the computer programs of GEP are also encoded in simple linear chromosomes of fixed length. Thus, GEP is a genotype–phenotype
Gene_expression_programming
Audio compression standard
Vector sum excited linear prediction (VSELP) is a speech coding method used in several cellular standards. The VSELP algorithm is an analysis-by-synthesis
Vector sum excited linear prediction
Vector_sum_excited_linear_prediction
Control system for the motion of a mechanical system
In displacement-controlled applications, it usually includes a built-in encoder or other position feedback mechanism to ensure the output is achieving
Servomechanism
Voice encryption, transformation, and synthesis device
A vocoder (/ˈvoʊkoʊdər/, a portmanteau of voice and encoder) is a category of speech coding that analyzes and synthesizes the human voice signal for audio
Vocoder
tape, two tape decks (play and record), and a hardware closed captioning encoder. Since this equipment is very expensive, it was not practical for most
E-captioning
Writing system from Elam
Linear Elamite was a writing system used in Elam during the Bronze Age between c. 2300 and 1850 BCE, and known mainly from a few extant monumental inscriptions
Linear_Elamite
Modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time
logic, linear temporal logic or linear-time temporal logic (LTL) is a modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time. In LTL, one can encode formulae
Linear_temporal_logic
Speech analysis and encoding technique
Linear predictive coding (LPC) is a method used mostly in audio signal processing and speech processing for representing the spectral envelope of a digital
Linear_predictive_coding
player does with a file on disk. The client is most commonly a media encoder, a non-linear editing system, or a media player. AviSynth VirtualDub VapourSynth
Frameserver
Lossless audio codec for home theater
DTS-HD MA encodes an audio master in lossy DTS first, then stores a concurrent stream of supplementary data representing whatever the DTS encoder discarded
DTS-HD_Master_Audio
Image compression file format
previously seen pixel values is maintained by the encoder and decoder. Each pixel that is seen by the encoder and decoder is put into this array at the position
QOI_(image_format)
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