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Method of solving the Rubik's Cube
Layer-by-layer methods are a family of methods for solving the 3×3×3 Rubik's Cube. Such methods are the most frequently known as beginners' methods, as
Layer-by-layer_method
OSI model layer for packet routing
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the network layer is layer 3. The network layer is responsible for packet forwarding including routing
Network_layer
Technique for making thin films
Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition is a thin film fabrication technique. The films are formed by depositing alternating layers of complementary materials
Layer_by_layer
OSI model layer for physical data transmission
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer: the layer most closely associated with
Physical_layer
Framework for communication protocols used in IP networking
the layers are the link layer, containing communication methods for data that remains within a single network segment (link); the internet layer, providing
Internet_protocol_suite
Digital audio format
MP3 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III) is an audio coding format developed largely by the Fraunhofer Society in Germany under
MP3
Method in speedcubing
CFOP stands for Cross, F2L (first 2 layers), OLL (Orientation of the Last Layer), PLL (Permutation of the Last Layer). It is one of the fastest methods
CFOP_method
Reference model for network communication
application. Each layer has well-defined functions and semantics and serves a class of functionality to the layer above it and is served by the layer below it
OSI_model
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.
Transport_Layer_Security
Gas layer surrounding Earth
The atmosphere of Earth consists of a layer of mixed gas (commonly referred to as air) that is retained by gravity, surrounding the Earth's surface. It
Atmosphere_of_Earth
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up layering in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Layering may refer to: Layering (horticulture), a means of vegetative propagation Layering (finance)
Layering
Layer for end-to-end network communication
networking, the transport layer is an abstraction layer in the Internet protocol suite and the OSI model. The protocols of this layer provide end-to-end communication
Transport_layer
Outer layer of the cerebrum of the mammalian brain
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.
Cerebral_cortex
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up layer or layers in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Layer or layered may refer to: Layers (Kungs album) Layers (Les McCann album) Layers (Royce
Layer
Atmospheric phenomenon
and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone (the ozone layer) around Earth's polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the
Ozone_depletion
Lossy audio compression format
MP2 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer II or MPEG-2 Audio Layer II, sometimes incorrectly called Musicam) is a lossy audio compression format. It is standardised
MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II
2004 British crime film by Matthew Vaughn
Layer Cake is a 2004 British crime drama thriller film directed by Matthew Vaughn, in his directorial debut. The screenplay was adapted by J. J. Connolly
Layer_Cake_(film)
Computing system architecture
include the service layer, business layer, data access layer, and persistence layer. N-tier application architecture provides a model by which developers
Multitier_architecture
OSI model layer for communication sessions
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the session layer is layer 5. The session layer provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing
Session_layer
Comprehensive computer networking implementation
such a layer common standards contribute to interoperation, while below the layer translation is used. Such a layer is called a spanning layer in this
Protocol_stack
2015 video game
Bravely Second: End Layer is a 2015 role-playing video game developed by Silicon Studio for the Nintendo 3DS handheld console and is the direct sequel
Bravely_Second:_End_Layer
Region of the stratosphere
The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. It contains a high concentration
Ozone_layer
HTML element
Layers were the core of a method of dynamic HTML programming specific to Netscape 4. Each layer was treated as a separate document object in JavaScript
Layer_element
Russian military layered clothing system
uniforms (VKPO; formerly VKBO) is a layered clothing system (popularly known as капуста/kapusta "cabbage") manufactured by the Russian BTK Group and adopted
VKPO_uniform
Cake made from stacked layers of cake held together by filling
A layer cake (US English) or sandwich cake (UK English) is a cake consisting of multiple stacked sheets of cake, held together by a filling such as frosting
Layer_cake
Topics referred to by the same term
Heaviside layer may refer to: Kennelly–Heaviside layer, a layer in the Earth's atmosphere A fictional afterlife in the musical Cats This disambiguation
Heaviside_layer
1987 treaty to protect the ozone layer
Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous
Montreal_Protocol
Machine learning technique
though they are mainly justified by empirical success. Batch normalization (BatchNorm) operates on the activations of a layer for each mini-batch. Consider
Normalization (machine learning)
Normalization_(machine_learning)
Way of hiding details of a computing subsystem
abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem. Examples of software models that use layers of abstraction
Abstraction_layer
In electrochemistry, region surrounding an electrode in solution
In electrochemistry, the diffusion layer, according to IUPAC, is defined as the "region in the vicinity of an electrode where the concentrations are different
Diffusion_layer
OSI model layer for data translation
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the presentation layer is layer 6 and serves as the data translator for the network. It is sometimes
Presentation_layer
Free software multimedia library
Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL) is a cross-platform software development library designed to provide a hardware abstraction layer for computer multimedia
Simple_DirectMedia_Layer
Interior of the earth
physical properties in the solid Earth. The primary structure is a series of layers: Its mechanical structure is of a rigid lithosphere, a semi-fluid asthenosphere
Internal_structure_of_Earth
Layer of sediment, rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics
strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which
Stratum
Digital optical disc data storage format
same dimensions. A standard single-layer DVD can store up to 4.7 GB of data, a dual-layer DVD up to 8.5 GB. Dual-layer, double-sided DVDs can store up to
DVD
Net transport of surface water perpendicular to wind direction
surface layer. Splitting the planetary boundary layer into the surface layer and the Ekman layer generally yields more accurate results. The Ekman layer, with
Ekman_transport
System for exchanging messages between computing systems
entities at a given layer use a protocol specific to that layer, which is implemented by using services of the layer below. For each layer, there are two types
Communication_protocol
Group of internetworking methods in the TCP/IP suite
boundaries; if necessary, to the destination host specified by an IP address. The internet layer derives its name from its function facilitating internetworking
Internet_layer
Structure at the rear of the vertebrate brain, beneath the cerebrum
front of the cerebellum. It is separated from the overlying cerebrum by a layer of leathery dura mater, the cerebellar tentorium; all of its connections
Cerebellum
Way of dressing
and insulation. Layered clothing usually consists of three layers. They are identified as follows: The inner layer provides comfort by keeping the skin
Layered_clothing
Board to support and connect electronic components
insulating layers, each with a pattern of traces, planes and other features (similar to wires on a flat surface) etched from one or more sheet layers of copper
Printed_circuit_board
Electrical or optical properties between network devices
The physical-layer specifications of the Ethernet family of computer network standards are published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Ethernet_physical_layer
Type of feedforward neural network
perceptron model, consisting of an input layer, a hidden layer with randomized weights that did not learn, and an output layer with learnable connections. In 1962
Multilayer_perceptron
Primary layer of cells in embryonic development
A germ layer, primary germinal layer, or germinal layer is a primary layer of cells that forms during animal embryonic development. Germ layers form during
Germ_layer
Communication protocol design method
Encapsulation is the computer-networking process of concatenating layer-specific headers or trailers with a service data unit (i.e. a payload) for transmitting
Encapsulation_(networking)
Framework for authentication and data security in Internet protocols
Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) is a framework for authentication and data security in Internet protocols. It decouples authentication
Simple Authentication and Security Layer
Simple_Authentication_and_Security_Layer
Computer system that receives and forwards requests
use of the network, for example, by merging TCP ACKs (acknowledgements) or compressing data sent at the application layer. A translation proxy is a proxy
Proxy_server
Type of forest with high rainfall
are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, high humidity, the presence of moisture-dependent vegetation, a moist layer of leaf litter, the
Rainforest
Thin-film deposition technique that deposits one 1-atom thick layer at a time
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a thin-film deposition technique based on the sequential use of a gas-phase chemical process; it is a subclass of chemical
Atomic_layer_deposition
Soft outer covering organ of vertebrates
Skin is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with three main functions: protection, regulation,
Skin
Layer in the OSI model
Layer 8 is a term used to refer to user or political layer on top of the 7-layer OSI model of computer networking. The OSI model is a 7-layer abstract
Layer_8
The SCTE Hybrid Management Sub-Layer (HMS) refers to a set of specifications intended to support the design and implementation of inter-operable management
Hybrid_Management_Sub-Layer
Network switch providing functionality above the data link layer
that switches on OSI layer 2 like an ordinary network switch and provides extra functions on higher OSI layers. The MLS was invented by engineers at Digital
Multilayer_switch
Ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere
be a sufficiently conducting layer in the upper air. Then the guidance will be by the sea on one side and the upper layer on the other." Kennelly proposed
Ionosphere
Architectural motif in neural networks for aggregating information
In neural networks, a pooling layer is a kind of network layer that downsamples and aggregates information that is dispersed among many vectors into fewer
Pooling_layer
HTTP extension supporting TLS encryption
communication protocol is encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS) or, formerly, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). The protocol is therefore also referred
HTTPS
This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model. This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol
List of network protocols (OSI model)
List_of_network_protocols_(OSI_model)
Japanese women's court dress
'twelve layers'), more formally known as the itsutsuginu-karaginu-mo (五衣唐衣裳), is a style of formal court dress first worn in the Heian period by noble women
Jūnihitoe
Highest layer in network protocol models
An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communication protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications
Application_layer
Insulating region in a semiconductor
depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region, or space charge layer, is an insulating region within a
Depletion_region
In geophysics and seismology, the seismogenic layer or seismogenic zone covers the range of depths within the crust or lithosphere in which most earthquakes
Seismogenic_layer
Type of artificial neural network
feedforward network which consists of a single weight layer with linear activation functions. It was trained by the least squares method for minimising mean squared
Feedforward_neural_network
Technique used to separate non-volatile mixtures
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique that separates components in non-volatile mixtures. It is performed on a TLC plate made
Thin-layer_chromatography
Protocol used by network devices for advertising their identity
The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is a link-layer protocol used by network devices for advertising their identity, capabilities, and neighbors on
Link_Layer_Discovery_Protocol
Term used in Indian politics
Creamy layer is a term used in reservation system of India to refer to some members of a backward class who are highly advanced socially as well as economically
Creamy_layer
Part of the eye
Latin rete 'net'; pl. retinae or retinas) is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye. The optics of the eye create a focused two-dimensional
Retina
Layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissues
The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of
Dermis
Vapour phase thin film deposition technique
Molecular layer deposition (MLD) is a vapour phase thin film deposition technique based on self-limiting surface reactions carried out in a sequential
Molecular_layer_deposition
OSI model layer for node-to-node data transfer
The data link layer, or layer 2, is the second layer of the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking. This layer is the protocol layer that transfers
Data_link_layer
1981 musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber
and the night they make the "Jellicle choice" by deciding which cat will ascend to the Heaviside Layer and come back to a new life. As of 2024, Cats remains
Cats_(musical)
Software that hides details of hardware access
whereas the application layer (often written in a high-level language) resides above the API and communicates with the hardware by calling functions in the
Hardware_abstraction
Communications protocol
Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) is a communications protocol providing security to datagram-based applications by allowing them to communicate
Datagram Transport Layer Security
Datagram_Transport_Layer_Security
Czech professor
First 2 Layers, Orientation of the Last Layer and Permutation of the Last Layer. The method describes solving the cube in a layer-by-layer fashion. First
Jessica_Fridrich
Molecular interface between a surface and a fluid
In surface science, a double layer (DL, also called an electrical double layer, EDL) is a structure that appears on the surface of an object when it is
Double layer (surface science)
Double_layer_(surface_science)
boundaries to allow communication between layers by permitting one layer to access the data of another layer to exchange information and enable interaction
Cross-layer_optimization
Village in Essex, England
Layer Marney is a village and civil parish in the Colchester district of Essex, England, near Tiptree. The parish includes the hamlet of Smythe's Green
Layer_Marney
Japanese manga series by Clamp
Angelic Layer (Japanese: エンジェリックレイヤー, Hepburn: Enjerikku Reiyā) is a Japanese manga series created by Clamp. The manga was published in Japan by Kadokawa
Angelic_Layer
Air mass forming over a large body of water
A marine layer is an air mass that develops over the surface of a large body of water, such as an ocean or large lake, in the presence of a temperature
Marine_layer
Military engineering vehicle
sufficiently sturdy, a substantial concern when moving 60+ ton tanks. The bridge layer unfolds and launches its cargo, providing a ready-made bridge across the
Armoured vehicle-launched bridge
Armoured_vehicle-launched_bridge
Solving physical puzzles with speed
is used by the majority of cubers and employs a layer-by-layer system with numerous algorithms for solving the final layer. The method starts by creating
Speedcubing
Unorganized layer of extracellular material surrounding bacteria cells
A slime layer in bacteria is an easily removable (e.g. by centrifugation), unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds bacteria cells. Specifically
Slime_layer
Type of cyber-attack
attack observed by Cloudflare, and again with a 398 million requests per second attack observed by Google. In August 2024, Global Secure Layer observed and
Denial-of-service_attack
Layer of many organs in vertebrates
The muscular layer (muscle layer, muscular coat, muscular fibers, muscularis propria, muscularis externa) is a region of muscle in many organs in the
Muscular_layer
The Reynolds Layer is a layer of ionised hydrogen gas in the plane of the Milky Way. It was named after Ron Reynolds who discovered that there is such
Reynolds_Layer
Topics referred to by the same term
Double layer may refer to: Double layer (biospecific), the surface where two different phases of matter are in contact Double layer (plasma physics), a
Double_layer
Crystal growth process relative to the substrate used as seed
called an epitaxial film or epitaxial layer. The relative orientation(s) of the epitaxial layer to the seed layer is defined in terms of the orientation
Epitaxy
(Improved Layer 2 Protocol) is a data link layer protocol originally derived from layer 2 of the X.25 protocol suite and designed for use by amateur radio
Improved_Layer_2_Protocol
High-capacity electrochemical capacitor
Electrostatic double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) use carbon electrodes or derivatives with much higher electrostatic double-layer capacitance than electrochemical
Supercapacitor
Concept in computer software
decoupling by creating a business logic layer which is separate from other tiers or layers, such as the data access layer or service layer. Each layer "knows"
Business_logic
Additive process used to make a 3D object
together (e.g. plastics, liquids, or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer. In the 1980s, 3D printing techniques were considered suitable only
3D_printing
Service layer in IEEE 802 network standards
the medium access control (MAC), also called media access control, is the layer that controls the hardware responsible for interaction with the wired (electrical
Medium_access_control
Crystalline materials consisting of a single layer of atoms
materials science, the term single-layer materials or 2D materials refers to crystalline solids consisting of a single layer of atoms. More broadly, these
Single-layer_materials
Physico-chemical processes contributing to protect a surface against oxidation
corroded by the environment. Passivation involves creation of an outer layer of shield material that is applied as a microcoating, created by chemical
Passivation_(chemistry)
Body of salt water covering most of Earth
layer of about 100 m is quite stable and does not mix much with deeper water, while near the poles winter cooling and storms makes the surface layer denser
Ocean
Messaging protocol
Messaging Layer Security (MLS) is a security layer for end-to-end encrypted messages. It is maintained by the MLS working group of the Internet Engineering
Messaging_Layer_Security
The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) is a project from the European Commission that creates global geographical data about the evolution of human
Global_Human_Settlement_Layer
Vertical layering of a habitat
stratification refers to the vertical layering of a habitat; the arrangement of vegetation in layers. It classifies the layers (sing. stratum, pl. strata) of
Stratification_(vegetation)
Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates
superficial fascia, is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. The types of cells found in the layer are fibroblasts, adipose cells
Subcutaneous_tissue
Type of feedforward neural network
prevented by the regularization that comes from using shared weights over fewer connections. For example, for each neuron in the fully-connected layer, 10,000
Convolutional_neural_network
Audio formats
MP1 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer I or MPEG-2 Audio Layer I) is a lossy audio codec and one of three audio formats included in the MPEG-1 standard. For
MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I
LAYER BY-LAYER
LAYER BY-LAYER
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an agent derivative of Middle English pleyen ‘to play’, hence an occupational name for an actor or musician or a nickname for a successful competitor in contests of athletic or sporting prowess.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Wave; Flow
Girl/Female
Hindu
The wave
Surname or Lastname
English (Sussex and Kent)
English (Sussex and Kent) : topographic name for someone who lived by a stream, from Old English lacu ‘stream’ (see Lake) + the suffix -er denoting an inhabitant.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, German, Hebrew, Latin
Headman; Mayor; Farmer; Bringer of Light; Greater
Boy/Male
German, Welsh
Carpenter
Boy/Male
Muslim
Tourist, Who visits holy places
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Saher or Seir. This is probably a Norman introduction of the Continental Germanic personal name Sigiheri, composed of the elements sigi ‘victory’ + heri ‘army’. However, it could also represent a Middle English survival of an unrecorded Old English name, SÇ£here, composed of the elements sÇ£ ‘sea’ + here ‘army’.English : occupational name, from Middle English saghier (see Sawyer) or Old French seieor.English : occupational name for a professional reciter, from an agent derivative of Middle English say(en), sey(en) ‘to say’.English : from a reduced form of Middle English assayer, an agent derivative of assay ‘trial’, ‘test’, Old French essay (from Late Latin exagium, a derivative of exagminÄre ‘to weigh’), hence an occupational name for an assayer of metals or a taster of food.English : occupational name for a maker or seller of say, a type of cloth, from Middle English say + the agent suffix -er. See also Say.Welsh : occupational name from Welsh saer ‘carpenter’ or from saer maen ‘stonecutter’, i.e. mason.French : occupational name for a reaper or mower, from an agent derivative of Old French seer ‘to cut’ (Latin secare).Dutch : occupational name for a weaver of serge, from an agent derivative of saai ‘serge’.Dutch : occupational name from zaaier ‘sower’.
Boy/Male
Indian
Tourist, Who visits holy places
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name for a mayor, Middle English, Old French mair(e) (from Latin maior ‘greater’, ‘superior’; compare Mayor). In France the title denoted various minor local officials, and the same is true of Scotland (see Mair 1). In England, however, the term was normally restricted to the chief officer of a borough, and the surname may have been given not only to a citizen of some standing who had held this office, but also as a nickname to a pompous or officious person.German and Dutch : variant of Meyer 1.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant of Meyer 2.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a washerman, Anglo-Norman French laver (an agent derivative of Old French laver ‘to wash’, Latin lavare).English : habitational name from High, Little or Magdalen Laver in Essex, named from Old English lagu ‘flood’, ‘water’ + fær ‘passage’, ‘crossing’.English : topographic name for someone living where bulrushes or irises grew, Old English lǣfer.
Male
Yiddish
(לֵייזֶער) Yiddish form of Hebrew Elazar, LAZER means "my God has helped."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of three places in Essex – Layer Breton, Layer de la Haye, and Layer Marney – all named from a river name, Leire, or from Leire in Leicestershire, also named from an identical river name. The river name is of Celtic origin and is probably the base of the tribal name Ligore, found in the place name Leicester.English : nickname or status name from Anglo-Norman French le eyr ‘the heir’. Compare Ayer.English : occupational name for a stone layer, Middle English leyer; the job of the layer was to position the stones worked by the masons.German : habitational name for someone from any of the various placed named Lay, in the Rhineland and Bavaria.
Boy/Male
Australian, Hebrew, Irish
God has Helped
Surname or Lastname
Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic)
Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : ornamental name from Yiddish fayer ‘fire’ or Yiddishized form of Feuer.English : variant of Fair.
Boy/Male
Latin English German
Great.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Ayer.English : topographic name for someone who lived by an enclosure, Middle English hay (see Hay 1) + the suffix -er(e) denoting an inhabitant.French : occupational name for a warder of woodland, from an agent derivative of Old French haye ‘hedge’, ‘enclosed forest’.South German : from an agent derivative of Middle High German heien ‘to guard or protect’, hence an occupational name for a warden of woodland or crops.Indian (Panjab) : Sikh name based on the name of a Jat clan, also called Her.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Tourist who visits holy places
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Norman personal name Raher, composed of the Germanic elements rad ‘counsel’, ‘advice’ + hari, heri ‘army’.French : occupational name for a barber, Old French raier (from rère ‘to shave’).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a maker of cord and string, derived from Middle English lace ‘cord’ (Old French laz, las).
LAYER BY-LAYER
LAYER BY-LAYER
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dalbhya | தாலà¯à®ªà®¯à®¾
Belonging to wheels
Girl/Female
French
Dear one;darling'.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Exalted. Sublime.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Brightness of the faith
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Goddess Lakshmi
Boy/Male
French German
Guards; guardian.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Belongs to the Jujube Tree
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Virtuous
Girl/Female
Indian
Limitless, Protector
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sai Karthik | ஸாஈ காரà¯à®¤à®¿à®•
Flower
LAYER BY-LAYER
LAYER BY-LAYER
LAYER BY-LAYER
LAYER BY-LAYER
LAYER BY-LAYER
n.
The middle layer of a pericarp which consists of three distinct or dissimilar layers.
n.
Lager beer.
n.
A layer or stratum.
n.
The outer layer of bark.
adv.
Aside; as, to lay by; to put by.
pref.
With, as means, way, process, etc.; through means of; with aid of; through; through the act or agency of; as, a city is destroyed by fire; profit is made by commerce; to take by force.
n.
That which is laid; a stratum; a bed; one thickness, course, or fold laid over another; as, a layer of clay or of sand in the earth; a layer of bricks, or of plaster; the layers of an onion.
n.
A propagating by layers.
n.
The fronds of certain marine algae used as food, and for making a sauce called laver sauce. Green laver is the Ulva latissima; purple laver, Porphyra laciniata and P. vulgaris. It is prepared by stewing, either alone or with other vegetables, and with various condiments; -- called also sloke, or sloakan.
adv.
Near; in the neighborhood; present; as, there was no person by at the time.
n.
One who, or that which, lays.
n.
An artificial oyster bed.
adv.
Passing near; going past; past; beyond; as, the procession has gone by; a bird flew by.
pref.
Used in specifying adjacent dimensions; as, a cabin twenty feet by forty.
n.
A shoot or twig of a plant, not detached from the stock, laid under ground for growth or propagation.
n.
A lawyer.
a.
Out of the common path; aside; -- used in composition, giving the meaning of something aside, secondary, or incidental, or collateral matter, a thing private or avoiding notice; as, by-line, by-place, by-play, by-street. It was formerly more freely used in composition than it is now; as, by-business, by-concernment, by-design, by-interest, etc.
n.
The middle bark of a tree; the green layer of bark, usually soon covered by the outer or corky layer, and obliterated.
n.
A layer or seam, or a horizontal stratum between layers; as, a bed of coal, iron, etc.