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Way of hiding details of a computing subsystem
computing, an abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem. Examples of software models that use layers of abstraction
Abstraction_layer
Software that hides details of hardware access
portability across multiple platforms. A hardware abstraction layer (HAL) is an abstraction layer, implemented in software, between the physical hardware
Hardware_abstraction
Application programming interface
A database abstraction layer (DBAL or DAL) is an application programming interface which unifies the communication between a computer application and
Database_abstraction_layer
Layer in the Internet protocol suite and OSI model
networking, the transport layer is an abstraction layer in the Internet protocol suite and the OSI model. The protocols of this layer provide end-to-end communication
Transport_layer
Format defined in the H.264/AVC and HEVC video coding standards
The Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) is a part of the H.264/AVC and HEVC video coding standards. The main goal of the NAL is the provision of a "network-friendly"
Network_Abstraction_Layer
Software that provides access that hides details
In software, an abstraction provides access while hiding details that otherwise might make access more challenging. It focuses attention on details of
Abstraction (computer science)
Abstraction_(computer_science)
Model of communication of seven abstraction layers
the components of a communication system are distinguished in seven abstraction layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and
OSI_model
Highest layer of network communication models
An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communication protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications
Application_layer
Structure of the operating system
hybrid kernel; the architecture comprises a simple kernel, hardware abstraction layer (HAL), drivers, and a range of services (collectively named Executive)
Architecture_of_Windows_NT
Software layer that provides access to data
access layer may be implemented as application code, a shared library, an intermediary service, or part of a broader database abstraction layer. In application
Data_access_layer
Software that facilitates remote control of electronic test instruments
and define an I/O abstraction layer using the virtual instrument software architecture (VISA). The VISA hardware abstraction layer provides an interface-independent
Instrument_driver
Application programming interface
An operating system abstraction layer (OSAL) provides an application programming interface (API) to an abstract operating system making it easier and
Operating system abstraction layer
Operating_system_abstraction_layer
Topics referred to by the same term
liquids Layering, a compositional technique in photography Layering, the use of abstraction layers in software and communication protocol design Layering, a
Layering
Open source graphics engine abstraction layer developed by Google
ANGLE (Almost Native Graphics Layer Engine) is an open source, cross-platform graphics engine abstraction layer developed by Google. ANGLE translates
ANGLE_(software)
Framework for communication protocols used in IP networking
four abstraction layers, which classify all related protocols according to each protocol's scope of networking. An implementation of the layers for a
Internet_protocol_suite
Free software multimedia library
Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL) is a cross-platform software development library designed to provide a hardware abstraction layer for computer multimedia
Simple_DirectMedia_Layer
Open standard for parallel computing
and multiple performance libraries. Codeplay has released an open-source layer to allow oneAPI and SYCL/DPC++ to run atop Nvidia GPUs via CUDA. University
OneAPI_(compute_acceleration)
Layer in the OSI model
The layers build upon each other, allowing for the abstraction of specific functions in each one. The top (7th) layer is the Application Layer describing
Layer_8
Distributed operating system by Huawei
framework: the operating system selects suitable kernels from the abstraction layer in the case of devices that use diverse resources. The latest stable
HarmonyOS
responsible for mission operations. The CCSDS Message Abstraction Layer (MAL) provides message abstraction and generic service patterns to the Mission Operation
Message_Abstraction_Layer
Firmware family used on Force10 Ethernet switches
Broadcom: the developers at Force10 have written their own Hardware Abstraction Layer so that FTOS can run on different hardware platforms with minimal
FTOS
Core of a computer operating system
from modifying the kernel. The kernel's interface is a low-level abstraction layer. When a process requests a service from the kernel, it must invoke
Kernel_(operating_system)
Topics referred to by the same term
designed to help the user to perform specific tasks Application layer, an abstraction layer that specifies protocols and interface methods used in a communications
Application
Computing system architecture
term "layers" refers to a logical grouping of components which may or may not be physically located on one processing node. Abstraction layer Database-centric
Multitier_architecture
Topics referred to by the same term
abstraction, an abstraction layer on top of hardware Abstraction layer, an application of abstraction in computing Leaky abstraction, a failure in implementing
Abstraction_(disambiguation)
Commercial web browser
features an abstraction layer, which enables its software to be ported across various hardware and Operating System platforms. An abstraction layer implementation
Oregano_(web_browser)
Specification of Object Management Group
called Common Warehouse Metamodel (CWM) The Abstraction Layer represents domain and application abstractions. Conceptual package represent business domain
Knowledge_Discovery_Metamodel
Software subsystem for UNIX-like operating systems
(Hardware Abstraction Layer or rather Hardware Annotation Library) is a software subsystem for UNIX-like operating systems providing hardware abstraction. HAL
HAL_(software)
framework. In general, a co-simulation framework consists of five abstraction layers: From conceptual structuration, the architecture on which the co-simulation
Co-simulation
Distributed operating system
OpenHarmony system.[citation needed] It achieves compatibility through an abstraction layer that supports POSIX APIs and integrates musl-libc for advanced devices
HarmonyOS_5
Lowest abstraction layer in the Internet protocol suite
networking, the link layer is the lowest layer in the Internet protocol suite, the networking architecture of the Internet. The link layer is the group of
Link_layer
Web content management system
introduced an abstraction layer that allowed programmers to create SQL queries without writing SQL. Drupal 9 extends the data abstraction layer so that a
Drupal
IDE for scientific programming in Python
to use either of the PyQt or PySide Python bindings. QtPy, a thin abstraction layer developed by the Spyder project and later adopted by multiple other
Spyder_(software)
Software that supports solution development via inversion of control
can extend or customize to create complete solutions. It offers an abstraction layer over lower-level code and infrastructure, allowing developers to focus
Software_framework
Data-interchange format
a system that used standard browser capabilities and provided an abstraction layer for Web developers to create stateful Web applications that had a
JSON
Open source web browser
"meta-port" of the WebKit engine optimized for embedded systems via an abstraction layer (OWBAL).[citation needed] It gained prominence in the Amiga community
Origyn_Web_Browser
Software development environment
watchOS, tvOS, and visionOS operating systems. UIKit provides an abstraction layer of iOS, the operating system for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad
UIKit
Security by granting only essential access
Principle of Least Authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user
Principle_of_least_privilege
Programming language for embedded electronics
CPython using the Adafruit written Blinka compatibility layer. It acts as a translation layer between CircuitPython code and underlying code. This allows
CircuitPython
Python web framework
does not require particular tools or libraries. It has no database abstraction layer, form validation, or any other components where pre-existing third-party
Flask_(web_framework)
Distributed file system protocol
like GPFS/Spectrum Scale, CephFS via respective FSAL (File System Abstraction Layer) modules. The CephFS FSAL is supported using libcephfs Trusted NFS
Network_File_System
Mail transfer agent
language and of the POSIX system API. These subsets are buried under an abstraction layer that contains about 50% of all Postfix source code, and that provides
Postfix_(software)
Widely used standard for video compression
bitstream), the NAL (Network Abstraction Layer) is removed from the bitstream when deriving the sub-bitstream. In this case, inter-layer prediction (i.e., the
Advanced_Video_Coding
Free and open-source Unix-like operating system
Raspberry Pis, and RISC-V hardware. Portability is assisted by a hardware abstraction layer that separates machine-independent and machine-dependent driver components
NetBSD
TDI_RECEIVE. The purpose of the Transport Driver Interface is to provide an abstraction layer, permitting simplification of the TDI clients. Windows Vista networking
Transport_Driver_Interface
Multi-mode network enabler for home networking
home. 1905.1 devices run an abstraction layer (AL) hiding the diversity of media access control technologies. This sub-layer exchanges Control Message Data
IEEE_1905
Global system of connected computer networks
HyperText Markup Language (HTML).[citation needed] Below this top layer, the transport layer connects applications on different hosts with a logical channel
Internet
Family of distributed open-source operating systems
operating system or in parts with other operating systems via Kernel Abstraction Layer subsystems. The first version of OpenHarmony was launched by the OpenAtom
OpenHarmony
Tendency of software architects to replicate their development platform
are often created to present a simpler (and often more portable) abstraction layer on top of lower level services that either have an awkward interface
Inner-platform_effect
Firmware for hardware initialization and OS runtime services
user-mode programs to have direct hardware access using a hardware abstraction layer. As a result, as of 2008, CIH has become essentially harmless, at
BIOS
Type of device file in Linux for interacting with flash memory
interacting with flash memory. The MTD subsystem was created to provide an abstraction layer between the hardware-specific device drivers and higher-level applications
Memory_Technology_Device
Software abstraction layer
software abstraction layer that guarantees the existence, and correct implementation, of a set of services on top a set of platforms. The abstraction method
Cross-platform support middleware
Cross-platform_support_middleware
Group of software classes
also be used. Layers is an architectural pattern described in many books, for example Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture Abstraction layer Multitier architecture
Layer (object-oriented design)
Layer_(object-oriented_design)
Topics referred to by the same term
Layers (digital image editing), used in digital image editing to separate different elements of an image Layers, in 2D computer graphics Abstraction layer
Layer
APIs, like JAX-WS and JAX-RS. Apache Empire DB Relational database abstraction layer and data persistence component that allows developers to take a much
List_of_Java_frameworks
Application running at the network layer and above
sensor network In computer network programming, the application layer is an abstraction layer reserved for communications protocols and methods designed for
Network_service
Computer software that provides services to software applications
Middleware is sometimes used in a similar sense to a software driver, an abstraction layer that hides detail about hardware devices or other software from an
Middleware
2017 Android mobile operating system
system for low-end devices – and support for implementing a hardware abstraction layer. As of January 2026, 2.56% of devices ran Android Oreo, with 1.08%
Android_Oreo
XMPP client for distributed social networking
Movim is a distributed social networking platform. It builds an abstraction layer for communication and data management while leveraging the strength
Movim
Microsoft operating system family
initial idea was to have a common code base with a custom Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for each platform. However, support for MIPS, Alpha, and PowerPC
Windows_NT
Physics — special effects and particle system capabilities. A "Physics Abstraction Layer" (PAL), is used to provide a standard API to various physics libraries
Delta3D
DAC—Digital-to-analog converter DAC—Discretionary access control DAL—Database Abstraction Layer DAO—Data Access Object DAO—Data Access Objects DAO—Disk-At-Once DAP—Directory
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Topics referred to by the same term
CHNS-FM, a classic rock station in Halifax, Nova Scotia Hardware abstraction layer, a layer of software that hides hardware differences from higher level
HAL
Design pattern in software development
encapsulate the processes involved in obtaining a service with a strong abstraction layer. This pattern uses a central registry known as the "service locator"
Service_locator_pattern
Free software
software applications designed to provide a consistent and high-level abstraction layer for a number of different package management systems. PackageKit was
PackageKit
Assembly languages for the Parrot virtual machine
language or PASM. Compared to PASM, PIR exists at a slightly higher abstraction layer, and provides temporary registers and named registers, simplifying
Parrot intermediate representation
Parrot_intermediate_representation
Programming language
architecture is a tight coupling to the Windows architecture, with a thin abstraction layer into objects. This allows direct use of the rich Windows OS API, but
Actor_(programming_language)
Family of x86-compatible microprocessors
or translated by specialized hardware, the Crusoe runs a software abstraction layer, or a virtual machine, known as the Code Morphing Software (CMS).
Transmeta_Crusoe
Linear error correcting code
Frequencies X band S band Ku band K band Ka band Networking, interoperability and monitoring Service-oriented architecture (Message Abstraction Layer)
Low-density_parity-check_code
Computers derived from the IBM PC
BIOS, and that this would form what would now be termed a hardware abstraction layer. Each computer would have its own Original Equipment Manufacturer
IBM_PC_compatible
JavaScript runtime environment
uses libuv under the hood to handle asynchronous events. Libuv is an abstraction layer for network and file system functionality on both Windows and POSIX-based
Node.js
System for exchanging messages between computing systems
model and the OSI model. At the time the Internet was developed, abstraction layering had proven to be a successful design approach for both compiler and
Communication_protocol
Software programming object-oriented design methodology
not mean that lower-level layers directly depend on higher-level layers. Rather, both layers should depend on abstractions (interfaces) that expose the
Dependency inversion principle
Dependency_inversion_principle
Architectural pattern in software engineering
wrapper) Doctrine2 Object Relational Mapper (ORM) and the Database Abstraction Layer Cycle ORM (PHP DataMapper ORM and Data Modelling Engine) CakePHP ORM
Data_mapper_pattern
List of projects maintained by the Apache Software Foundation
written in JavaScript Empire-db: a lightweight relational database abstraction layer and data persistence component EventMesh: dynamic cloud-native basic
List of Apache Software Foundation projects
List_of_Apache_Software_Foundation_projects
Video encoding standard
technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 15: Carriage of network abstraction layer (NAL) unit structured video in the ISO base media file format". ISO
MPEG-4
Software that emulates an entire computer
VM called the Common Language Runtime. All of them can serve as an abstraction layer for any computer language.[citation needed] A special case of process
Virtual_machine
Video game engine by NetEase
support multiple platforms, Messiah Engine uses a hardware abstraction layer composed of three layers: algorithm, translation, and device driver. The engine
Messiah_Engine
Software programming technique
builder.Build(); app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello World!"); app.Run(); Abstraction layer Asynchronous I/O Aspect-oriented programming Callback (computer programming)
Inversion_of_control
Real-time operating system
from ChibiOS. Additional products include ChibiOS/HAL, a hardware abstraction layer compatible with ChibiOS/RT, and ChibiStudio, a free integrated development
ChibiOS/RT
Linux power management middleware
UPower (previously DeviceKit-power) is a piece of middleware (an abstraction layer) for power management on Linux systems. It enumerates power sources
UPower
sending and receiving messages over a network. Jolie supports an abstraction layer that allows services to communicate using different mediums, ranging
Jolie_(programming_language)
Unix philosophy
of two consecutive partitions of the tape — the driver provides an abstraction layer that presents a tape file descriptor as-if it were a regular file
Everything_is_a_file
Experimental operating system from Microsoft Research
itself an extension of C#) and runs in unprotected mode. The hardware abstraction layer is written in C++ and runs in protected mode. There is also some C
Singularity (operating system)
Singularity_(operating_system)
Software library
keyboard, mouse, and joysticks. The API provides a thin, multi-platform abstraction layer, primarily for applications whose sole graphics output is through
GLFW
Search engine
project. Originally, it was created in order to provide a reliable abstraction layer to web search engine programs in order to study semantic structure
MetaCrawler
Creating or manipulating electronic text
of the person engaging the practice, but in general text means the abstraction layer immediately above the standard character encoding of the target text
Text_processing
Open-source desktop environment software project
applications to GTK+2 applications HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer), a consistent cross-operating system layer; deprecated and replaced by udev kmscon, a userspace
Freedesktop.org
Topics referred to by the same term
associated with freeflying Virtual file system, a file system acting as an abstraction layer on top of a more concrete file system Visa Facilitation Services,
VFS
Android operating system version for car infotainment systems
such as the CAN bus, Android Automotive uses the Vehicle Hardware Abstraction Layer (VHAL), which serves as a bridge between the vehicle's hardware and
Android_Automotive
C programming language library
The Netscape Portable Runtime, or NSPR, is a cross-platform abstraction layer library for the C programming language. It provides a uniform API for various
Netscape_Portable_Runtime
Term in human–computer interaction
develop or use abstraction layers for database access, so that the same application will work with different databases; here, the abstraction layer allows other
Transparency (human–computer interaction)
Transparency_(human–computer_interaction)
Software abstraction layer for Apache Hadoop and Apache Flink
Cascading is a software abstraction layer for Apache Hadoop and Apache Flink. Cascading is used to create and execute complex data processing workflows
Cascading_(software)
Distributed operating system developed by Vivo
supports Linux kernel alongside its own RTOS kernel, with a Kernel Abstraction Layer atop both kernels, similar to OpenHarmony and HarmonyOS. It also supports
BlueOS
Procedure to convert 3D scenes to 2D images
graphics pipeline of a given hardware accelerator. These APIs provide an abstraction layer over the underlying hardware, relieving programmers from the need
Graphics_pipeline
Networking middleware
service layer is the third layer in a five-abstraction-layer model. The model consists of Object layer, Component layer, Service layer, Process layer and
Service_layer
Open standard for content management systems
to inter-operate over the Internet. Specifically, CMIS defines an abstraction layer for controlling diverse document management systems and repositories
Content Management Interoperability Services
Content_Management_Interoperability_Services
Realtime physics engine software
rendering engine[citation needed] The Physics Abstraction Layer, a physical simulation API abstraction system (it provides COLLADA and Scythe Physics
PhysX
Operating system for network equipment
the developers at Dell Networking have written their own Hardware Abstraction Layer so that DNOS 9.x can run on different hardware platforms with minimal
Dell Networking Operating System
Dell_Networking_Operating_System
Standard for serial communication between devices without host computer
can be decomposed into the following abstraction layers: Application layer Application-specific logic Object layer Message filtering (mailboxes) Message
CAN_bus
ABSTRACTION LAYER
ABSTRACTION LAYER
Girl/Female
Arabic, Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Modern, Muslim, Sindhi, Telugu
An Attraction
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Tamil
Attraction
Girl/Female
Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Tamil
Aakarshan | ஆகரà¯à®·à®£
Attraction
Aakarshan | ஆகரà¯à®·à®£
Boy/Male
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Attraction
Girl/Female
Tamil
Akarshana | அகரà¯à®·à®¾à®¨à®¾
Attraction
Akarshana | அகரà¯à®·à®¾à®¨à®¾
Girl/Female
Indian
Attraction
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Attraction
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Attraction
Girl/Female
Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
World's Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Marathi
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Attraction
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Attraction
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Tamil
Attraction
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Attraction
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Traditional
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Guru's Attraction
ABSTRACTION LAYER
ABSTRACTION LAYER
Girl/Female
Tamil
Poetess
Boy/Male
British, Czechoslovakian, English, Polish, Russian
Wealthy Defender; Rich Protector; Wealthy Guardian
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Sun Rays; Bright Light
Boy/Male
Arabic
Ebony
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Lord's Support
Girl/Female
Hindu
Real Love and attachment, Attachment, Joyful
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Teal duck.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Liveliness. Energy.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Danish, English, French, German, Swedish
Manly; Strong; Diminutive of Charles; Free Man
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Bach 3.Americanized spelling of German or Jewish Basch.Americanized spelling of Slovenian Baš (see Bas 3).
ABSTRACTION LAYER
ABSTRACTION LAYER
ABSTRACTION LAYER
ABSTRACTION LAYER
ABSTRACTION LAYER
n.
Opposition; impediment; obstruction.
a.
The act process of leaving out of consideration one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend to others; analysis. Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by itself, or the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure, the act is called abstraction. So, also, when it considers whiteness, softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.
a.
An idea or notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; as, to fight for mere abstractions.
a.
The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or the state of being withdrawn; withdrawal.
a.
A separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a hermit's abstraction.
n.
The act or property of attracting; the effect of the power or operation of attraction.
a.
Pertaining to abstraction.
n.
The quality of being abstractive; abstractive property.
a.
A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation.
a.
Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects.
n.
Abstraction from worldly objects; renunciation.
a.
The taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property of another; purloining.
v. t.
To perform the process of abstraction.
a.
Having the power of abstracting; of an abstracting nature.
n.
Attraction.
n.
Hindrance; impediment; obstruction.
n.
Abstraction of a child from its parents.
n.
Hence, absent-mindedness; abstraction.
v. t.
Contradiction; thwarting; obstruction.
n.
The power or act of alluring, drawing to, inviting, or engaging; an attractive quality; as, the attraction of beauty or eloquence.