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Search references for FREE SURFACE-EFFECT. Phrases containing FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
See searches and references containing FREE SURFACE-EFFECT!FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
Effect of liquids in slack tanks
The free surface effect is a mechanism which can cause a watercraft to become unstable and capsize. It refers to the tendency of liquids — and of unbound
Free_surface_effect
Surface of a fluid that is subject to zero parallel shear stress
In physics, a free surface is the surface of a fluid that is subject to zero parallel shear stress, such as the interface between two homogeneous fluids
Free_surface
Measurement of the initial static stability of a floating body
list, further extending the heeling force. This is known as the free surface effect. In tanks or spaces that are partially filled with a fluid or semi-fluid
Metacentric_height
Ferry sunk at Zeebrugge, Belgium in 1987
water began to enter the car deck in large quantities. The resulting free surface effect destroyed her stability. In a matter of seconds, the ship began to
MS_Herald_of_Free_Enterprise
metres struck the ferry. The engine compartment was flooded and the free surface effect occurred on board. On 19 January, the ferry's captain, Sarbi bin
Sinking_of_MV_Teratai_Prima
Part of a ship
reduce the roll period of the hull by acting in opposition to the free surface effect. They can be broadly classified into active and passive antiroll
Antiroll_tanks
Event causing a ship to wreck
to poor design, improperly stowed cargo, shifting cargo, or the free surface effect Navigation errors and other human errors, leading to collisions (with
Shipwrecking
Special vehicle to fly in air just above sea or ground
A ground-effect vehicle (GEV, wing-in-ground-effect (WIGE or WIG), ground-effect craft/machine (GEM), wingship, flarecraft, surface effect vehicle or
Ground-effect_vehicle
Motor vehicle designed to carry liquefied loads, dry bulk cargo or gases on roads
high center of gravity and, when they are partially filled, to the free surface effect of liquid sloshing in the tank. Prior to tank distribution, oil was
Tank_truck
Tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a surface of any form
The Coandă effect (/ˈkwɑːndə/ or /ˈkwæ-/) is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a surface of any form. Merriam-Webster describes it as "the
Coandă_effect
Ship that carries petroleum
space into various separate compartments. This was to reduce the free-surface effect thereby enhancing stability at sea. As more experience was gained
Oil_tanker
Tendency of a liquid surface to shrink to reduce surface area
macroscopic-sized surface (and planar surfaces), the surface placement does not have a significant effect on γ; however, it does have a very strong effect on the
Surface_tension
Ship response to disturbance from an upright condition
the vessel's higher side. It is intended to have an effect counter to that of the free surface effect. They have been designed and constructed in passive
Ship_stability
Movement of liquid inside another moving object
spacecraft tanks and rockets (especially upper stages), and the free surface effect (cargo slosh) in ships and trucks transporting liquids (for example
Slosh_dynamics
Part of a ship or boat's hull
side and fore and aft to avoid destabilizing the ship due to the free surface effect. Partitions may contain limber holes to allow water to flow at a
Bilge
Unfilled space in a container, particularly with a liquid
Excessive ullage in a tank may contribute to the free surface effect. When referring to the free surface effect, the condition of a tank that is not full is
Ullage
Sedimentary rock rich in aluminium
cargo that may liquefy if excessively moist. Liquefaction and the free surface effect can cause the cargo to shift rapidly inside the hold and make the
Bauxite
1994 maritime disaster on Baltic Sea
capsizing if the vehicle deck is even slightly flooded because of free surface effect: the fluid's swirling motion across such a large area hampers the
Sinking_of_the_MS_Estonia
Egyptian Ro/Ro passenger ferry
where minor flooding of the deck can gain rapid momentum due to the free surface effect. When the captain asked permission to return to port, the ship's
MS_al-Salam_Boccaccio_98
Italian transatlantic ocean liner
amount of movable material increased the list, an example of the free surface effect involving solid objects as opposed to the more common liquids. Water
SS_Principessa_Jolanda_(1907)
Ship designed to transport liquids or gases in bulk
always relatively small - therefore keeping the market more stable. Free surface effect: a large body of liquid carried aboard a ship will affect the ship's
Tanker_(ship)
Vessels designed to carry wheeled cargo
of Free Enterprise. Water sloshing on the vehicle deck can set up a free surface effect, making the ship unstable and causing it to capsize. Free surface
Roll-on/roll-off
(optics) (optoelectronics) Free surface effect (fluid mechanics) Front projection effect (film production) Fujiwhara effect (tropical cyclone meteorology)
List_of_effects
Car-passenger ferry sunk in the Baltic Sea in 1994
poor cargo distribution, and the list increased rapidly due to the free surface effect, flooding the decks and the cabins. Power soon failed altogether
MS_Estonia
Spread of weight in a vehicle
vehicle balanced, and to reduce stability problems associated with the free surface effect. In the trucking industry, individual axle weight limits require
Weight_distribution
Tendency of AC current flow in a conductor's outer layer
current flow becomes more concentrated near the surface, resulting in less skin depth. Skin effect reduces the effective cross-section of the conductor
Skin_effect
Raw ore processed to concentrate the metal component
to liquefy, which may affect the stability of the ship due to the free surface effect potentially causing a ship to capsize. Special measures are required
Ore_concentrate
Cargo ship
decks, creating a free surface effect which ultimately led the ferry to list. The ferry's overdraft condition, absence of a freeing port on the main deck
MV_Lestari_Maju
prevent hydrostatic balancing between the tanks and to minimize free surface effect, both of which are detrimental to a vessel's stability. With improper
Valour_(tugboat)
Action where a vessel turns on to its side or is upside down
the car-deck is subject to the free surface effect and may cause a capsize. As a RORO ferry rolls, vehicles can break free and slide down if not firmly
Capsizing
Increased aircraft lift generated when close to fixed surface
aircraft, the ground effect is the reduced aerodynamic drag that an aircraft's wings generate when they are close to a surface (land or water). The principal
Ground_effect_(aerodynamics)
Tunnel which passes under sea
having broken out in the Channel Tunnel. On the other hand, the free surface effect is a significant safety risk for RORO ferries as seen in the sinking
Underwater_tunnel
Ship made to transport unpackaged bulk cargo
created at the bottom of the hold shifts easily and can produce a free surface effect. The only way to control these risks is by good ventilation practices
Bulk_carrier
metacentric heights (GM), righting levers (GZ), rolling criteria, Free surface effect and watertight integrity. The 2008 version of the Code details guidelines
International Code on Intact Stability
International_Code_on_Intact_Stability
Emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation hits a material
oxide layers on metal surfaces, so most practical experiments and devices based on the photoelectric effect use clean metal surfaces in evacuated tubes.
Photoelectric_effect
Topics referred to by the same term
electrode Fast Spin Echo, a type of magnetic resonance imaging sequence Free surface effect, liquids in slack tanks Finnish Sign Language (fse), the ISO languagecode
FSE
Cargo shift in a vehicle
Fluids are the most dangerous cargo for load shifting due to the free surface effect. As a ship rolls, liquids tend to shift toward the lowest part of
Load_shifting
2011 maritime incident in Indonesia
to a point where vehicles on board started to move to its side. A free surface effect eventually caused the ship to capsize. MV. Windu Karsa was built
Sinking_of_MV_Windu_Karsa
Deflection of a spinning object moving through a fluid
direction of travel that moves the top surface of the ball in the direction of travel. Under the Magnus effect, topspin produces a downward swerve of
Magnus_effect
Submarine of the United States
bilges instantly rushed aft, greatly increasing its effect on trim (this is known as "free surface effect", later classes of subs have flood control bulkheads
USS_Swordfish_(SSN-579)
Coherent delocalized electron oscillations
field is stronger at the interface because of the surface plasmon resulting in a non-linear optical effect. This larger signal is often exploited to produce
Surface_plasmon
Physical phenomenon between two fluids
Marangoni effect (also called the Gibbs–Marangoni effect) is the mass transfer along an interface between two phases due to a gradient of the surface tension
Marangoni_effect
Type of transistor
After Bardeen's surface state theory the trio tried to overcome the effect of surface states. In late 1947, Robert Gibney and Brattain suggested the use
Field-effect_transistor
Soviet ground effect vehicle
due to their use of the ground effect, in which the craft glides just above the surface of the water. The ground effect occurs when flying at an altitude
Lun-class_ekranoplan
Excess energy at the surface of a material relative to its interior
In surface science, surface energy (also interfacial free energy or surface free energy) quantifies the disruption of intermolecular bonds that occurs
Surface_energy
Third planet from the Sun
to burn up before they strike the surface, and moderating temperature. This last phenomenon is the greenhouse effect: trace molecules within the atmosphere
Earth
Cargo ship sunk in 2015
that the likely cause of the sinking was sudden loss of stability (free surface effect) from the bauxite cargo. IMO has approved a circular to warn ships'
MS_Bulk_Jupiter
Aggregation of non-polar molecules in aqueous solutions
free energy in the system. By aggregating together, nonpolar molecules reduce the surface area exposed to water and minimize their disruptive effect.
Hydrophobic_effect
Topics referred to by the same term
up pressure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Pressure is an effect which occurs when a force is applied on a surface. Pressure may also refer to: Pressure
Pressure_(disambiguation)
course focusing on the use of stability books and the risks of "free surface effect" (e.g. from water on deck or shifting cargo). For vessels operating
Workboat_Code_Edition_3
Type of field-effect transistor
breakthrough—fabricating a practical field-effect transistor enabled by Atalla’s earlier work on silicon surface passivation and thermal oxidation—revolutionized
MOSFET
Changes to light reflected from a magnetized surface
In physics the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) or the surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (SMOKE) is one of the magneto-optic effects. It describes the
Magneto-optic_Kerr_effect
Expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor
the currents producing this effect (called persistent currents or screening currents) do not decay with time. Near the surface, within the London penetration
Meissner_effect
American scientist (1839–1903)
representation of the thermodynamic surface that Maxwell had built based on Gibbs's proposal. Rukeyser called this surface a "statue of water" and the magazine
Josiah_Willard_Gibbs
The Salvinia effect describes the permanent stabilization of an air layer upon a hierarchically structured surface submerged in water. Based on biological
Salvinia_effect
Electromagnetic waves that travel along an interface
the effect of surface roughness. Moreover, simple isolated surface defects such as a groove, a slit or a corrugation on an otherwise planar surface provide
Surface_plasmon_polariton
Ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface
almost no contact between the liquid drop and the surface. This is sometimes referred to as the "Lotus effect". The table describes varying contact angles
Wetting
Spectroscopic technique
Research Division, predicted the existence of the surface plasmon. The exact mechanism of the enhancement effect of SERS is still a matter of debate in the literature
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Surface-enhanced_Raman_spectroscopy
Fluid flow revolving around an axis of rotation
negative. The free surface (if present) dips sharply near the axis line, with depth inversely proportional to r2. The shape formed by the free surface is called
Vortex
Apparent force in a rotating reference frame
east relative to Earth's surface. It would move upward as seen by an observer on the surface. This effect (see Eötvös effect below) was discussed by Galileo
Coriolis_force
Change in speed due only to gravity
as gravimetry. At a fixed point on the surface, the magnitude of Earth's gravity results from combined effect of gravitation and the centrifugal force
Gravitational_acceleration
Road covered with durable surface material
A road surface (British English) or pavement (North American English) is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular
Road_surface
Principle relating to fluid dynamics
central role in Luke's variational principle, a variational description of free-surface flows using the Lagrangian mechanics. Bernoulli developed his principle
Bernoulli's_principle
First-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy
Hollingbery allowed water to accumulate on the gundeck. The resulting free surface effect eventually compromised the ship's stability. Tracy concluded that
HMS_Royal_George_(1756)
Optical illusion
instrument is rectilinear, or free of rectilinear distortion, some observers get the impression of an image rolling on a convex surface when the instrument is
Globe_effect
Statistical ensemble of particles in thermodynamic equilibrium
the atom prefers to exist as a positive ion. This spontaneous surface ionization effect has been used as a cesium ion source. If the atom is surrounded
Grand_canonical_ensemble
Faster-than-light travel in science fiction
two-dimensional paper or cloth in the third dimension, thus bringing points on its surface into contact. In the mapping model, hyperspace is a parallel universe much
Hyperspace
Weather phenomenon
its ability to produce lake-effect precipitation decreases for two reasons. Firstly, the open ice-free liquid surface area of the lake shrinks. This
Lake-effect_snow
Electric charge generated in certain solids due to mechanical stress
effect Piezoelectric speaker Piezoluminescence Piezomagnetism Piezoresistive effect Piezosurgical Quartz crystal microbalance Sonomicrometry Surface acoustic
Piezoelectricity
Initial step in the phase transition or molecular self-assembly of a substance
exponentially with the height of a free energy barrier ΔG*. This barrier comes from the free energy penalty of forming the surface of the growing nucleus. For
Nucleation
Climatic effect causing a planet's atmosphere to trap heat and prevent cooling
from cooling and from having liquid water on its surface. A runaway version of the greenhouse effect can be defined by a limit on a planet's outgoing
Runaway_greenhouse_effect
Natural phenomenon that hot water freezes faster than cold
evaporation and the effect of dissolved air as significant factors. In their setup, most heat loss was found to be from the liquid surface. Various effects
Mpemba_effect
to one. The multipactor effect can take place on a single surface when magnetic fields are taken into account. A single-surface multipactor event is also
Multipactor_effect
Ability to make choices voluntarily
governed by cause-and-effect relationships, and only one course of events is possible, which is inconsistent with a libertarian model of free will. Ancient Greek
Free_will
Smallest Galilean moon of Jupiter
Europa's surface rotates slightly faster than its interior, an effect that is possible due to the subsurface ocean mechanically decoupling Europa's surface from
Europa_(moon)
being the "frost-free" type. Direct-cool refrigerators produce the cooling effect by a natural convection process from cooled surfaces in the insulated
Direct_cool
Type of liquid flow within a conduit
open-channel flow is a type of liquid flow within a conduit with a free surface, known as a channel. The other type of flow within a conduit is pipe
Open-channel_flow
Method for producing electronic circuits
Surface-mount technology (SMT), originally called planar mounting, is a method in which the electrical components are mounted directly onto the surface
Surface-mount_technology
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased
Climate_change
Suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas
E.g., a direct effect is that aerosols scatter and absorb incoming solar radiation. This will mainly lead to a cooling of the surface (solar radiation
Aerosol
Lowest part of the atmosphere directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface
the "free atmosphere", where the wind is approximately geostrophic (parallel to the isobars), while within the PBL the wind is affected by surface drag
Planetary_boundary_layer
Amount of charge flowing through a unit cross-sectional area per unit time
wire becomes confined near its surface which increases the current density in this region. This is known as the skin effect. High current densities have
Current_density
atmosphere is nearly free of water vapor. However the methane in the atmosphere causes a substantial greenhouse effect which keeps the surface of Titan at a
Climate_of_Titan
Capillary flow effect
properties on slippery surfaces can prevent the pinning of the drop contact line, which will, therefore, suppress the coffee ring effect by reducing the number
Coffee_ring_effect
Fragments broken off a larger solid body of material
plate impact, in which two waves of compression are reflected on the free-surfaces of the plates and then interact to generate a region of high tensile
Spall
Term for accelerations felt as weight in multiples of standard gravity
ensures that an object at rest on the Earth's surface is accelerating relative to the free-fall condition. (Free fall is the path that the object would follow
G-force
Electromagnetic effect in physics
The Hall effect is the production of a potential difference, across an electrical conductor, that is transverse to an electric current in the conductor
Hall_effect
Centimeter–gram–second unit of acceleration
is equal to 0.01 m/s2. The acceleration due to Earth's gravity at its surface is 976 to 983 Gal, the variation being due mainly to differences in latitude
Gal_(unit)
Angle between a liquid–vapor interface and a solid surface
the free surface of the liquid, and the nature of the liquid and solid in contact. It is independent of the inclination of solid to the liquid surface. It
Contact_angle
Aircraft which use flapping movement of the wings to generate lift
material for the wing surface is also important. In DeLaurier's experiments, a smooth aerodynamic surface with a double-surface airfoil is more efficient
Ornithopter
Difference of intensity of the stellar continuum spectrum
their surface gravity and hence luminosity. This effect is strongest in A class stars, but in hotter stars temperature has a much larger effect on the
Balmer_jump
Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
together. Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Operation_Buster–Jangle
coherent water a reservoir of quasi-free electrons that can be easily released by Infrared stimulation, or quantum tunnel effect or by small external perturbation
Oxhydroelectric_effect
Electromagnetic effect in physics
The quantum Hall effect (or integer quantum Hall effect) is a quantized version of the Hall effect which is observed in two-dimensional electron systems
Quantum_Hall_effect
Applied electric field conductivity change
semiconductor near its surface, and is called the field effect. The field effect underlies the operation of the Schottky diode and of field-effect transistors,
Field_effect_(semiconductor)
Substance introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact
helps to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. It may also have the function
Lubricant
Interference pattern
effect and the classical moiré effect from opaque lines are two ends of a continuous spectrum in optics, which is called the universal moiré effect.
Moiré_pattern
Number of available physical states per energy unit
two-dimensional electron gases (2DEG) in graphite layers and the quantum Hall effect system in MOSFET type devices, have a 2-dimensional Euclidean topology.
Density_of_states
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the wiki
Wikipedia
Diode that allows current to flow in the reverse direction at a specific voltage
A Zener diode is a type of diode designed to exploit the Zener effect to affect electric current to flow against the normal direction from anode to cathode
Zener_diode
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
Surname or Lastname
English (Cumbria and Durham)
English (Cumbria and Durham) : variant spelling of Furness.
Boy/Male
French German
Free man; a man freed from bound servitude to an overlord. Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old French and Middle English frere ‘friar’ (Latin frater, literally ‘brother’). This was a status name for a member a religious order, especially a mendicant order, and may also have been a nickname for a pious person or for someone employed at a monastery.Americanized spelling of French Frère (see Frere).North German and Dutch : cognate of Friedrich.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
In Liberty
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Freer 1.French (Frère) : from frère ‘brother’, used as a byname for the younger of two brothers.
Female
English
English form of Irish BrÃgh, BREE means "force, strength."
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly East Anglia)
English (chiefly East Anglia) : nickname or status name from Old English frēo ‘free(-born)’, i.e. not a serf.North German : topographic or habitational name from a place named Frede or Frede(n).North German : nickname from a variant of Middle Low German wrēd ‘crooked’.
Boy/Male
English American Teutonic German
Sage, wise. From the Old English Aelfraed, meaning elf counsel. Also from Ealdfrith or Alfrid,...
Male
Swedish
Danish and Swedish form of Old Norse Freyr, FREJ means "lord, master."
Boy/Male
French
Free man; a man freed from bound servitude to an overlord. Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English freil, frel(i)e ‘frail’, ‘weak’.Possibly an Americanized spelling of German Friel 2.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Rye 1 and 2.Norwegian : habitational name from any of six farmsteads named Re, the name being derived from an unattested Old Norse word meaning ‘long narrow gravel ridge’.Korean : variant of Yi.
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly southeastern)
English (mainly southeastern) : topographic name for someone who lived near a conspicuous tree, Middle English tre(w).
Girl/Female
Irish American
Hill. Also abbreviation of Brina and Breanna.
Female
English
Anglicized form of Danish Freya, FREA means "lady, mistress."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Fry.North German : variant of Frey.Joseph Frye (1711/12–94) was a military officer from Andover, MA, where the family had long been of local prominence. In 1762, he was granted a township in ME, later named Fryeburg after him, and moved his family there. His great-great-grandson William Pierce Frye was born in Lewiston, ME, and served in Congress, first as a member of the House of Representatives and then the Senate from 1871 until his death in 1911.
Male
Icelandic
Icelandic form of Old Norse Freyr, FREY means "lord, master."
Boy/Male
English Norse Scandinavian
Lord.
Boy/Male
Indian
Part of Sun
Male
English
Short form of English Frederick, FRED means "peaceful ruler."
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
Girl/Female
Indian
Gift, Present, Grant, Favor
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Success
Boy/Male
Irish Gaelic
Bright.
Boy/Male
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu
Diamond
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
A Sage
Girl/Female
Indian
Surname or Lastname
English (southern)
English (southern) : variant spelling of Hazel.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil
Beautiful Mind
Girl/Female
Greek Latin
Myrtle.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Compassionate
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
FREE SURFACE-EFFECT
superl.
Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled with; as, free from pain; free from a burden; -- followed by from, or, rarely, by of.
a.
Free from charge or expense; hence, unpunished; scot-free.
superl.
Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free service; free socage.
v. t.
To make free.
superl.
Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous; as, free admission; a free gift.
imp. & p. p.
of Free
a.
To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to release; to disengage; to clear; -- followed by from, and sometimes by off; as, to free a captive or a slave; to be freed of these inconveniences.
imp. & p. p.
of Surface
superl.
Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as, a free horse.
v. t.
To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
superl.
Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open-handed; lavish; as, free with his money.
n.
A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
n.
A form of machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.
v. t.
To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
superl.
Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as, a free fishery; a free warren.
v. t.
To make rough, agitate, or disturb; to cause to ripple; as, to fret the surface of water.
adv.
Without charge; as, children admitted free.
n.
The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.
n.
One who frees, or sets free.
superl.
Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as, free carbonic acid gas; free cells.