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Optical microscopy technique
Phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness
Phase-contrast_microscopy
Fluorescence interference contrast (FLIC) microscopy is a microscopic technique developed to achieve z-resolution on the nanometer scale. FLIC occurs whenever
Fluorescence interference contrast microscopy
Fluorescence_interference_contrast_microscopy
Viewing of objects which are too small to be seen with the naked eye
microscopy, where the image contrast is due to transmittance or scattering. In principle, the contrast of fluorescence microscopy is proportional to the sample's
Microscopy
Use of optical interference patterns to visualize small objects
multi-beam interference techniques. Types include: Classical interference microscopy Differential interference contrast microscopy Fluorescence interference contrast
Interference_microscopy
components mix. Another high resolution microscopy technique is fluorescence interference contrast microscopy (FLIC). This method requires that the sample
Lipid bilayer characterization
Lipid_bilayer_characterization
Biological membrane structure
"Measuring lipid asymmetry in planar supported bilayers by fluorescence interference contrast microscopy". Langmuir. 21 (4): 1377–88. doi:10.1021/la047654w.
Lipid_bilayer
Optical imaging technique
Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole
Confocal_microscopy
Quantum microscopy allows microscopic properties of matter and quantum particles to be measured and imaged. Various types of microscopy use quantum principles
Quantum_microscopy
Kind of microscopy
Lattice light-sheet microscopy is a modified version of light sheet fluorescence microscopy that increases image acquisition speed while decreasing damage
Lattice light-sheet microscopy
Lattice_light-sheet_microscopy
Scientific instrument for observing small objects
Fluorescence interference contrast microscopy Laser capture microdissection Microscope image processing Microscope slide Multifocal plane microscopy Royal
Microscope
Microscope that uses visible light
specific structures within a cell. In contrast to normal transilluminated light microscopy, in fluorescence microscopy the sample is illuminated through the
Optical_microscope
Microscopy methods
interferometric methods such as phase contrast or differential interference contrast, or reflection interference microscopy. The key feature of iSCAT is the
Interferometric scattering microscopy
Interferometric_scattering_microscopy
– Atomic force microscopy AFS – Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy Analytical ultracentrifugation APFIM – Atom probe field ion microscopy APS – Appearance
List of materials analysis methods
List_of_materials_analysis_methods
Fluorescence microscopy imaging method
point scanning techniques such as laser scanning confocal microscopy) fluorescence microscopy imaging methods that allow obtaining images with a resolution
Photoactivated localization microscopy
Photoactivated_localization_microscopy
based on optical interference such as fluorescence interference contrast microscopy (FLIC) and reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM) or interferometric
Model_lipid_bilayer
the interference between a strong transmitted beam and weakly scattered light, as in bright field, phase contrast, or polarized imaging. Fluorescence-based
Differential dynamic microscopy
Differential_dynamic_microscopy
Structured-illumination light sheet microscopy
Shao, Lin (2015). "Practical Structured Illumination Microscopy". Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1251. pp. 175–192
Structured illumination light sheet microscopy
Structured_illumination_light_sheet_microscopy
Type of image noise
emission depletion (STED) microscopy, ground state depletion (GSD) microscopy, and reversible saturable optical fluorescence transitions (RESOLFT). Adapting
Speckle_(interference)
Microscopy technique
possible to make use of contrast enhancing techniques such as staining, fluorescence, phase contrast and differential interference contrast. It is also possible
Near-field scanning optical microscope
Near-field_scanning_optical_microscope
Photo contest
equipment and light microscopy technique is acceptable, including phase contrast, polarized light, fluorescence, interference contrast, dark-field, confocal
Nikon_Small_World
Imaging of focal planes within a thick sample
in phase results from the material close to the focal plane. In fluorescence microscopy objects out of the focal plane only interfere with the image if
Optical_sectioning
Topics referred to by the same term
US, which investigated allegedly subversive activity Fluorescence interference contrast microscopy, an optical technique for axial resolution in the nanometer
FLIC
Technology used to validate protein interactions
Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (also known as BiFC) is a technology typically used to validate protein interactions. It is based on the association
Bimolecular fluorescence complementation
Bimolecular_fluorescence_complementation
Dutch microscopist and artist
significant contribution to the field of fluorescence microscopy, and invented reflection interference contrast microscopy. Ploem was born on 25 August 1927
Johan_Sebastiaan_Ploem
Type of electromagnetic spectroscopy
Initiated in the early 2000s, TRFPs enhance fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), offering superior contrast over intensity-based methods by minimizing
Fluorescence_spectroscopy
Study of living cells using time-lapse microscopy
3-dimensional live-cell imaging by means of fluorescence techniques. Quantitative phase-contrast microscopy with rotational scanning allow 3D time-lapse
Live-cell_imaging
Multi-photon microscopy technique
(CRS) microscopy is a multi-photon microscopy technique based on Raman-active vibrational modes of molecules. The two major techniques in CRS microscopy are
Coherent Raman scattering microscopy
Coherent_Raman_scattering_microscopy
Quantitative phase microscope
holographic microscopy (DHM) is digital holography applied to microscopy. Digital holographic microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods
Digital holographic microscopy
Digital_holographic_microscopy
Optical system with resolution performance at the instrument's theoretical limit
In fluorescence microscopy the excitation and emission are typically on different wavelengths. In total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy a thin
Diffraction-limited_system
selectivity of photothermal microscopy allows even the detection of single molecules by their absorption. Similar to Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
Photothermal optical microscopy
Photothermal_optical_microscopy
Single-molecule sequencing technology
Transmission electron microscopy DNA sequencing is a single-molecule sequencing technology that uses transmission electron microscopy techniques. The method
Transmission electron microscopy DNA sequencing
Transmission_electron_microscopy_DNA_sequencing
Filters which selectively transmit specific colors
Optical filters are also essential in fluorescence applications such as fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Photographic filters are
Optical_filter
(2018). "Combining Three-Dimensional Quantitative Phase Imaging and Fluorescence Microscopy for the Study of Cell Pathophysiology". Yale J Biol Med. 91 (3):
Holotomography
Protein family
2003). "Measuring distances in supported bilayers by fluorescence interference-contrast microscopy: polymer supports and SNARE proteins". Biophysical Journal
SNARE_protein
Algorithmic imaging methods that reconstruct quantitative phase and amplitude
phase contrast across applications ranging from materials and quantum systems to biological imaging and device metrology. Computational microscopy refers
Computational_microscopy
Branch of optics
diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy. X-rays
X-ray_optics
Type of transmissive optical device
three-dimensional capability. Near-field optical microscopy uses a tip to scan an object. In contrast, this optical hyperlens magnifies an image that is
Superlens
Method for visualizing and analyzing particles in liquids
based on interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT), which enhances the signal of weak scatterers. In contrast to NTA, iNTA has a superior resolution
Nanoparticle tracking analysis
Nanoparticle_tracking_analysis
Fungal parasite of Amanita mushrooms
forms of microscopy including bright-field microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, interference contrast microscopy, and phase contrast microscopy have been
Hypomyces_hyalinus
German scientist (1886–1948)
microscopes and forms the basis for phase contrast, differential interference contrast, epifluorescence, and confocal microscopy. Köhler's groundbreaking work on
August_Köhler
Physical model of propagating energy
own characteristic frequencies. Immediate photon emission is called fluorescence, a type of photoluminescence. An example is visible light emitted from
Electromagnetic_radiation
imaging methods (fluorescence microscopy/bright field microscopy/differential interference contrast microscopy/phase contrast microscopy/ etc.) and the
Laser_capture_microdissection
Form of electromagnetic radiation
something came through, that would expose photographic plates and cause fluorescence. He measured the penetrating power of these rays through various materials
X-ray
when applied to microscopy, can double the spatial resolution of that of conventional fluorescence microscopy using the moiré interference pattern, the coarse
Super-resolution photoacoustic imaging
Super-resolution_photoacoustic_imaging
Spectroscopic technique
energy levels. The Raman effect should not be confused with emission (fluorescence or phosphorescence), where a molecule in an excited electronic state
Raman_spectroscopy
Imaging technique
Medical ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), confocal microscopy, and OCT are differently suited to morphological tissue imaging: while
Optical_coherence_tomography
Monitoring of substances in a workplace that are chemical or biological hazards
polycarbonate straight pore filters are suitable for electron microscopy and X-ray fluorescence analysis. The analysis method affects the type of filter used
Workplace_exposure_monitoring
Diverse collection of blood-related cancers
appearing) megakaryocytes Ballooning of the platelets (seen with interference contrast microscopy) On the bone-marrow biopsy, high-grade dysplasia (RAEB-I and
Myelodysplastic_syndrome
Spores produced in an ascus
yeast cells. Microscopic techniques such as phase-contrast or differential interference contrast microscopy help reveal these details of ascospore ornamentation
Ascospore
Single-molecule imaging technique
In contrast, DNA curtains allow hundreds to thousands of DNA molecules to be monitored simultaneously using total internal reflection fluorescence microscope
DNA_curtain
Small-scale two-dimensional array of samples on a solid support
cDNAs of a plant were printed on glass slide typically used for light microscopy, modern microarrays on the other hand include now thousands of probes
Microarray
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
visualization by fluorescence microscopy and conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The resolution of fluorescence microscopy (≈200 nm) is insufficient
Mitochondria
Technique to characterize materials using X-ray radiation
quantitative results (after some mathematical corrections for absorption, fluorescence and atomic number). Atoms can be excited by a high-energy beam of charged
X-ray_spectroscopy
Technique for determining size distribution of particles
Differential dynamic microscopy Differential static light scatter (DSLS) Diffusing-wave spectroscopy Diffusion coefficient Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Dynamic_light_scattering
Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
based on two-dimensional chromatography. Following the development of fluorescence-based sequencing methods with a DNA sequencer, DNA sequencing has become
DNA_sequencing
Aggressive type of brain cancer
the Central Nervous System was the last classification mainly based on microscopy features. The new 2016 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous
Glioblastoma
Inelastic scattering of photons by matter
called Stokes Raman scattering, by analogy with the Stokes shift in fluorescence discovered by George Stokes in 1852, with light emission at longer wavelength
Raman_scattering
Release of a photon triggered by another
random process called "spontaneous emission". This is the mechanism of fluorescence and thermal emission. Stimulated emission was a theoretical discovery
Stimulated_emission
Mass spectrometry technique that can visualize the spatial distribution of molecules
has demonstrated that transmission-mode MALDI-2 combined with fluorescence microscopy on the same tissue section enables single-cell-resolved MSI and
Mass_spectrometry_imaging
used), it is suitable for various microscopy methods (e.g. TIRFM, dark field, differential interference contrast microscopy, etc.), it can be combined and
Tethered_particle_motion
Chemical compound
and electron microscopy. Use of alcian blue has historically been a popular staining method in histology especially for light microscopy in paraffin embedded
Alcian_blue_stain
Protein complex that allows microtubules to attach to chromosomes during cell division
observed initially by conventional fixation and staining methods of electron microscopy, (reviewed by C. Rieder in 1982) and more recently by rapid freezing and
Kinetochore
and time-resolved techniques to study RNA folding. Light sheet fluorescence microscopy for the observation of development and LILBID mass spectrometry
Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes
Cluster_of_Excellence_Frankfurt_Macromolecular_Complexes
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and fluorescence microscopy, which the authors used to measure the concentration and activity
Droplet-based_microfluidics
Laser pulse with duration a picosecond (10^-12 s) or less
comb Medical imaging: Ultrashort laser pulses are used in multiphoton fluorescence microscopes Optical communication (Ultrashort pulses) Filtering and Pulse
Ultrashort_pulse
Species of beetle
Frederic; Stelzer, Ernst H. K. (2014-06-01). "Non-invasive long-term fluorescence live imaging of Tribolium castaneum embryos". Development. 141 (11):
Red_flour_beetle
Type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample
include UV fluorescence observation combined with purge-and-trap gas chromatography, microspectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Inductively_coupled_plasma_mass_spectrometry
Property of waves that can oscillate with more than one orientation
(optics) Fluorescence anisotropy Glan–Taylor prism Kerr effect Nicol prism Physical optics Pockels effect Polarization rotator Polarized light microscopy Polarizer
Polarization_(waves)
625 – microscopy, immunoelectron MeSH E05.595.458.500 – microscopy, fluorescence, multiphoton MeSH E05.595.513.569 – microscopy, phase-contrast MeSH E05
List_of_MeSH_codes_(E05)
Investigation of unlawful nuclear materials and their proliferation
amenable to being under a vacuum and may require pre-treatment. X-ray fluorescence offers rapid and non-destructive determination of the elemental composition
Nuclear_forensics
Physical phenomenon of electron resonance
method provides a high contrast of the images based on the adsorbed amount of molecules, somewhat similar to Brewster angle microscopy (this latter is most
Surface_plasmon_resonance
Probe which tests for biological molecules
IRIS integrated a fluorescence imaging capability into the interferometric imaging instrument as a potential way to address fluorescence protein microarray
Biosensor
focal cortical areas, in vivo imaging of cortical vasculature via fluorescence microscopy and 3D optical coherence tomography. Researchers at Monash University
Potential applications of graphene
Potential_applications_of_graphene
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
homodimerization of the c-Fos transcription factor in live cells revealed by fluorescence microscopy and computer modeling". Mol. Cell. Biol. 35 (21): 3785–98. doi:10
Protein_c-Fos
Methodology for biomedical research
dynamics using advanced imaging modalities, such as single molecule fluorescence microscopy. The capability of OPS to connect the phenotype of each cell in
Optical_pooled_screening
September – Researchers develop a new method merging confocal fluorescence microscopy with microfluidic laminar flow, that can detect nanoparticles and
2024_in_science
Materials with granular size 1 to 100 nm
reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not
Nanomaterials
microscopy, fluorescence MeSH E01.370.350.515.458.500 – microscopy, fluorescence, multiphoton MeSH E01.370.350.515.513 – microscopy, interference MeSH E01
List_of_MeSH_codes_(E01)
Method to measure velocities in fluid
example, combining PIV with thermographic phosphors or laser-induced fluorescence allows for simultaneous measurement of velocity and temperature or concentration
Particle_image_velocimetry
Design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures
proposed nanoparticle was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)
DNA_nanotechnology
Elements with atomic numbers 57-70
delay between excitation and emission detection) minimizes prompt fluorescence interference. Time-resolved fluorometry (TRF) combined with Förster resonance
Lanthanide
Interdisciplinary study
sample from an object or artwork and exposing it to X-Ray radiation X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) Can identify elements both on the surface and sub-surface
Conservation science (cultural property)
Conservation_science_(cultural_property)
Branch of biology that studies biological systems at the molecular level
Gholami, Azam; Enderlein, Jörg (2021-06-01). "Rapid multi-plane phase-contrast microscopy reveals torsional dynamics in flagellar motion". Biomedical Optics
Molecular_biology
Any life form too small for the naked human eye to see that lives in a marine environment
Feldman, G.C.; Doney, S.C.; Moore, J.K. (2009). "Satellite-detected fluorescence reveals global physiology of ocean phytoplankton". Biogeosciences. 6
Marine_microorganisms
History of crystallography to 1895
the case of certain materials exhibiting delayed fluorescence (e.g., TADF, TTA). The term fluorescence was coined by George Stokes in 1852, and was derived
History of crystallography before X-rays
History_of_crystallography_before_X-rays
Neurological ramifications of and for the Binding Problem in the study of consciousness
Suman (2021-07-08). "Amine-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots for Fluorescence-Based Immunosensing of Ferritin". ACS Applied Nano Materials. 4 (7):
Neural_binding
Neuron communication by electric impulses
the atomic-resolution crystal structures, fluorescence distance measurements and cryo-electron microscopy studies. Julius Bernstein was also the first
Action_potential
Class of semiconductor nanocrystals
single photon counting equipment as well as a prototype time-of-flight fluorescence imaging device developed by CSEM. Ternary cesium lead halides have multiple
Perovskite_nanocrystal
Species of fish
studies. The combination of transparent zebrafish larva, light sheet fluorescence microscopy, and optical calcium indicators such as GCaMP, allow the monitoring
Zebrafish
Application of biomedical engineering to measurement of biological systems
These microscopes record high-contrast 3D images by scanning a specimen with a laser beam and detecting the fluorescence. They are readily easy to use
Bioinstrumentation
Litovsky, Silvio H.; Weisman, R. Bruce (2004). "Near-Infrared Fluorescence Microscopy of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Phagocytic Cells". Journal
Potential applications of carbon nanotubes
Potential_applications_of_carbon_nanotubes
Ordered array of colloidal particles
"Core–shell silica–rhodamine B nanosphere for synthetic opals: from fluorescence spectral redistribution to sensing". RSC Advances. 10 (25): 14958–14964
Colloidal_crystal
Sendai virus, virus of rodents
not exceeding the quantity in normal frontal cerebral cortex. A fluorescence microscopy-based assay reveals that the relative number of SeV virions bound
Murine_respirovirus
"nanoantennas" made out of DNA that attach to proteins and produce a signal via fluorescence when these perform their biological functions, in particular for distinct
2021_in_science
Scientific research area
Living Cells". Fluorescence Microscopy of Living Cells in Culture Part A . Fluorescent Analogs, Labeling Cells, and Basic Microscopy. Methods in Cell
Intracellular_delivery
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
Male
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Nadav, NADAB means "generous." In the bible, this is the name of several characters, including the eldest son of Aaron who was slain (along with his brother Abihu) by God for offering incense contrary to the law.Â
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Having Eyes with a Marked Contrast of Black and White
Girl/Female
Muslim
Having eyes with a marked contrast of black and white
Biblical
contrary; adversary; enemy; accuser
Boy/Male
Muslim
Striving, Contest
Boy/Male
Biblical
Contrary, adversary, enemy, accuser'.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Agreement; Covenant; Contract; Pact
Male
Hebrew
(× Ö¸×“Ö¸×‘) Hebrew name NADAV means "generous." In the bible, this is the name of several characters, including the eldest son of Aaron who was slain (along with his brother Abihu) by God for offering incense contrary to the law.Â
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German, Italian, Latin, Portuguese
War Contest; Of Mars; The Roman Fertility God Mars for whom March was Named; Warlike
Surname or Lastname
English
English : regional name from the county of Norfolk in East Anglia, so called from an Old English tribal name composed of the elements norð ‘north’ + folc ‘people’ (in contrast to the sūðfolc of Suffolk).
Male
Iranian/Persian
(Ù…â€ï®©â€Ø±) Persian name derived from Avestan Mithra, MIHR means "alliance; contract; a means of binding."
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, French, Russian
Eye Contact; Clean Sight
Girl/Female
Arabic
Sensible Contact
Male
Hebrew
(×ֲבִיהוּ×) Hebrew name ABIYHUW means "he is (my) father." In the bible, this is the name of a son of Aaron who was slain (along with his brother Nadab) by God for offering incense contrary to the law.Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : assimilated form of Balderston, rather than a patronymic from Balder, appearances to the contrary notwithstanding.
Male
Iranian/Persian
Avestan myth name of the son of Ahura Mazda, derived from the proto-Indo-Iranian word *mitra, MITHRA means "contract, covenant, oath, promise, treaty," from the root mi- "to bind," all of which seems to indicate the basic meaning "alliance; contract; a means of binding."
Boy/Male
Indian
Striving, Contest
Male
English
Anglicized form of Hebrew Abiyhuw, ABIHU means "he is (my) father." In the bible, this is the name of a son of Aaron who was slain (along with his brother Nadab) by God for offering incense contrary to the law.Â
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Consuming that which Comes in Contact
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Striving; Contest; Competition; Battle
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
Girl/Female
Indian
Sun Mind
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Honour; Esteem; Regard; Affection
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Angle
Female
Greek
(ΔωÏίς) Greek name DORIS means "bounty" and "unmixed, pure." In mythology, this is the name of a goddess of the sea, consort of Nêreus and mother of the Nereids (sea nymphs).Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a lost hamlet near Kirford, Sussex, called Boxholte, from Old English box ‘box’ + holt ‘wood’. The surname has been found in the area since the 14th century.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Happiness, Pleasure
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Shiva
Girl/Female
Tamil
Cheerful expression
Girl/Female
Muslim
The essence of life, Mirror
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Celtic, English
From the Big Town; From the Town Encircled by Stone; House by the Stones
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
FLUORESCENCE INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST-MICROSCOPY
n.
The act of contrasting, or the state of being contrasted; comparison by contrariety of qualities.
n.
That property which some transparent bodies have of producing at their surface, or within their substance, light different in color from the mass of the material, as when green crystals of fluor spar afford blue reflections. It is due not to the difference in the color of a distinct surface layer, but to the power which the substance has of modifying the light incident upon it. The light emitted by fluorescent substances is in general of lower refrangibility than the incident light.
n.
the voice or singer performing this part; as, her voice is a contralto; she is a contralto.
n.
Excessive interference.
n.
Interference; interposition.
n.
The act or state of interfering; as, the stoppage of a machine by the interference of some of its parts; a meddlesome interference in the business of others.
adv.
By or with interference.
n.
A thing that is of contrary or opposite qualities.
imp. & p. p.
of Contrast
v. t.
To set in opposition, or over against, in order to show the differences between, or the comparative excellences and defects of; to compare by difference or contrariety of qualities; as, to contrast the present with the past.
a.
Of or pertaining to a contralto, or to the part in music called contralto; as, a contralto voice.
n.
To draw together or nearer; to reduce to a less compass; to shorten, narrow, or lessen; as, to contract one's sphere of action.
a.
Having the property of fluorescence.
v. i.
To be drawn together so as to be diminished in size or extent; to shrink; to be reduced in compass or in duration; as, iron contracts in cooling; a rope contracts when wet.
n.
See Fluorescence.
a.
Given to opposition; perverse; forward; wayward; as, a contrary disposition; a contrary child.
a.
Opposite; in an opposite direction; in opposition; adverse; as, contrary winds.
v. i.
To make an agreement; to covenant; to agree; to bargain; as, to contract for carrying the mail.
a.
Contracted; as, a contract verb.
n.
To bring on; to incur; to acquire; as, to contract a habit; to contract a debt; to contract a disease.