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In economics, an imposed cost or benefit
externality is a cost or benefit to an uninvolved third party that arises as an effect of another party's (or parties') activity. Many externalities can
Externality
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up external in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. External may refer to: Externality, in economics, the cost or benefit that affects a party who did
External
Group of positions in the philosophy of mind
Externalism is a group of positions in the philosophy of mind which argues that the conscious mind is not only the result of what is going on inside the
Externalism
Philosophical terms
Internalism and externalism are two opposite ways of integrating and explaining various subjects in several areas of philosophy. These include human motivation
Internalism_and_externalism
A pecuniary externality occurs when the actions of an economic agent cause an increase or decrease in market prices separate from the impact of those
Pecuniary_externality
Impacts of car use
many authors, a pure externality.[citation needed] Notwithstanding the above objections, some authors enumerate positive externalities for the automobile
Externalities_of_cars
Form of reproduction where fertilization occurs outside of the female's body
External fertilization is a mode of reproduction in which a male organism's sperm fertilizes a female organism's egg outside of the female's body. It is
External_fertilization
White matter structure of the brain
The external capsule is a series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain. These fibers run between the most lateral (toward the side of the head) segment
External_capsule
Liabilities owed to nonresidents by residents
A country's gross external debt (or foreign debt) is the liabilities that are owed to nonresidents by residents. The debtors can be governments, corporations
External_debt
Person who audits an entity's financial statements and is independent of that entity
An external auditor performs an audit, in accordance with specific laws or rules, of the financial statements of a company, government entity, other legal
External_auditor
Goods whose value is given by desirability rather than quantity
consume positive amounts of these goods, neglecting to consider the externality on others. For public goods, an undersupply, for positional goods, it
Positional_good
Theorem in economics
solutions to internalize the externality: By applying the Coase theorem two possible solutions arise for internalizing this externality. These solutions can occur
Coase_theorem
Increasing value with increasing participation
In economics, a network effect (also called network externality or demand-side economies of scale) is the phenomenon by which the value or utility a user
Network_effect
Surgical treatment procedure used to facilitate healing
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein Kirschner pins and wires are inserted and affixed into bone and then exit the body to be attached to
External_fixation
Biological part involved in sexual reproduction
as secondary sex organs. The outer parts are known as the genitals or external genitalia, visible at birth in both sexes, while the inner parts are referred
Sex_organ
Structure that surrounds the sarcolemma of muscle cells
External lamina is a structure similar to basal lamina that surrounds the sarcolemma of muscle cells. It is secreted by myocytes and consists primarily
External_lamina
Concept in the philosophy of language
semantic externalism (the opposite of semantic internalism) is the view that the meaning of a term is determined, in whole or in part, by factors external to
Semantic_externalism
Orifice of the urethra
mee-AY-təs; pl.: meatus or meatuses), also known as the external urethral meatus or external urethral orifice, is the opening where urine exits the urethra
Urinary_meatus
Academic degree that can be earned remotely
An external degree is a degree offered by a university to students who have not been required to be physically present within the geographic territory
External_degree
Economic view of human attention as a commodity
advertising) as a form of pollution or 'detrimental externality'. In economics, an externality is a by-product of a production process that imposes burdens
Attention_economy
Concept in neoclassical economics
(MPC) + Marginal External Costs (MEC). Social costs can be of two types—Negative Production Externality and Positive Production Externality. Negative Production
Social_cost
External inhibition is the observed decrease of the response of a conditioned reaction when an external (distracting) stimulus that was not part of the
External_inhibition
Tax on activity generating negative externalities
political reasons to directly tax the externality, policymakers might opt to tax a product related to the externality indirectly, which will be the second-best
Pigouvian_tax
Class of sorting algorithms that can handle massive amounts of data
External sorting is a class of sorting algorithms that can handle massive amounts of data. External sorting is required when the data being sorted do
External_sorting
Part of a national economy
The external sector is the portion of a country's economy that interacts with the economies of other countries. In the goods market, the external sector
External_sector
Concept in economics
generating the public bad do not account for the negative effects (or externality) imposed on others. One possibility to mitigate the existence of public
Public_bad
External genitalia of the female mammal
In mammals, the vulva (pl. vulvas or vulvae) comprises mostly external, visible structures of the female genitalia leading into the interior of the female
Vulva
Risks that are uncontrollable by the first party
External risks are generally something that is uncontrollable by the first party. In contract law, are risks that are produced by a non-human source and
External_risk
National subdivisions and second level of government of Australia
and the Northern Territory on the Australian mainland; and seven are external territories: the Ashmore and Cartier Islands, the Australian Antarctic
States and territories of Australia
States_and_territories_of_Australia
Head of the Ministry of External Affairs
The Minister of External Affairs (or simply the External Affairs Minister; Hindi: Videsh Mantri) is the head of the Ministry of External Affairs of the
Minister of External Affairs (India)
Minister_of_External_Affairs_(India)
Gills set away from the body
External gills are the gills of an animal, most typically an amphibian, that are exposed to the environment, rather than set inside the pharynx and covered
External_gills
Electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes electric power
An electrical load is an electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes (active) electric power, such as electrical appliances and lights inside
Electrical_load
Data storage outside a computer's own hardware
In computing, external storage refers to non-volatile (secondary) data storage outside a computer's own internal hardware, and thus can be readily disconnected
External_storage
Sub-field of economics
Common forms of market failure include externalities, non-excludability and non-rivalry.[citation needed] An externality exists when a person makes a choice
Environmental_economics
Concept in economics
minus any externalities or consumer surpluses that occur in its activity. An externality including positive externality and negative externality is an effect
Profit_(economics)
Concept in ontology
internal–external distinction is a distinction used in philosophy to divide an ontology into two parts: trivial internal questions and meaningless external questions
Internal–external_distinction
Totality of existing entities
demands of external reality. Reality testing is another suggested psychological function in which individuals distinguish intrapsychic from external events
Reality
Government strategy in relating with other nations
Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and
Foreign_policy
Foreign currency loans from non-resident Indians to Indians
External commercial borrowing (ECBs) are loans in India made by non-resident lenders in foreign currency to Indian borrowers. They are used widely in India
External_commercial_borrowing
Branch of economics
research and analysis. Congestion is considered a negative externality by economists. An externality occurs when a transaction causes costs or benefits to
Transport_economics
In fluid mechanics, external flow is a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. It can be defined as
External_flow
Topics referred to by the same term
Hidden cost may refer to: Externality, a cost or benefit to an uninvolved third party that arises as an effect of another party's (or parties') activity
Hidden_cost
Adverse environmental contamination
causes air pollution is an example of a negative externality in production. A negative externality in production occurs "when a firm's production reduces
Pollution
Tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear
Ear_canal
This is a list of countries by external debt: it is the total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in internationally accepted currencies
List of countries by external debt
List_of_countries_by_external_debt
Examinations for admission to universities in Ukraine
External independent evaluation or External independent testing (EIT, external testing, ET) is the examination for admission to universities in Ukraine
External independent evaluation
External_independent_evaluation
(41.6% of GDP) (October 2024) ∟External debt: ₱5.13 trillion ($88.47 billion) (19.6% of GDP) (October 2024) Gross external debt: $111.3 billion (27.5% of
National debt of the Philippines
National_debt_of_the_Philippines
Public university in Eastern Samar, Philippines
campus in Salcedo, Maydolong, Guiuan, Can-avid, Arteche (External Campus), and Balangiga (External Campus). Founded On February 14, 1960, as the Eastern
Eastern Samar State University
Eastern_Samar_State_University
Extent to which the results of a study can be generalized
External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. In other words, it is the extent
External_validity
Image other people have of a person
In psychology, the external image (also alien image, foreign image, public image, third-party image; German: Fremdbild) is the image other people have
External_image
Surgical implant
In cardiac surgery and vascular surgery, external support (or external stent) is a type of scaffold made of metal or plastic material that is inserted
External_support
Government ministry of Romania
(Romanian: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe) is the ministry responsible for external affairs of the Romanian Government. The current foreign minister is Oana
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)
Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Romania)
Medical intervention
External counterpulsation therapy (ECP) is a procedure that may be performed on individuals with angina, heart failure, or cardiomyopathy. The FDA approved
External_counterpulsation
Rib muscle
The external intercostal muscles or external intercostals (intercostales externi) are eleven in number on both sides. The muscles extend from the tubercles
External_intercostal_muscles
Type of semiconductor laser
A vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser (VECSEL) is a small semiconductor laser similar to a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL).
Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser
Vertical-external-cavity_surface-emitting-laser
Skeletal muscle in the abdomen
The abdominal external oblique muscle (also external oblique muscle or exterior oblique or musculus obliquus abdominis externus) is the largest and outermost
Abdominal external oblique muscle
Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle
Islamist movement and militant group based in Lebanon
counterintelligence service is divided into Amn al-Muddad, responsible for "external" or "encounter" security; and Amn al-Hizb, which protects the organisation's
Hezbollah
Electro-mechanical data storage device
March 2015[update], available capacities for external hard disk drives ranged from 500 GB to 10 TB. External hard disk drives are usually available as assembled
Hard_disk_drive
animals. It is also known as the dorsal antebrachial cutaneous nerve, the external cutaneous branch of the musculospiral nerve, and the posterior antebrachial
Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm
Posterior_cutaneous_nerve_of_forearm
Mathematical operation with two operands
In mathematics, a binary operation or dyadic operation is a rule for combining two elements (called operands) to produce another element. More formally
Binary_operation
Power supply with electrochemical cells
of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices. When a battery is supplying
Electric_battery
Thing that satisfies human wants but at unhealthy physical or behavioral cost
conceptual distinction between a demerit good and a negative externality. A negative externality occurs when the consumption of a good has measurable negative
Demerit_good
English economist (1877–1959)
negative externalities. Pigou's most enduring contribution was The Economics of Welfare, 1920, in which he introduced the concept of externality and the
Arthur_Cecil_Pigou
estimate, and can be reranked by any of the sources. List of countries by external debt List of countries by GDP (nominal) List of countries by GDP (PPP)
List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita
The intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve (external dorsal cutaneous branch) is the smaller[citation needed] and more lateral one of the two terminal branches
Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve
Intermediate_dorsal_cutaneous_nerve
Muscle of the human male urethra
The external sphincter muscle of the male urethra, also sphincter urethrae membranaceae, sphincter urethrae externus, surrounds the whole length of the
External sphincter muscle of male urethra
External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra
Connective tissue between the ribs
Unlike the other two intercostal muscles, the external intercostal muscle does not retain its muscular character all the way to the sternum, and so the
External_intercostal_membrane
Device for birth control and STI prevention
infection (STI). There are both external condoms, also called male condoms, and internal (female) condoms. The external condom is rolled onto an erect
Condom
Concept in psychology
in others' use of the internal-versus-external construct. Rotter (1975) cautioned that internality and externality represent two ends of a continuum, not
Locus_of_control
Behavior of projectiles in flight
External ballistics or exterior ballistics is the part of ballistics that deals with the behavior of a projectile in flight. It deals with projectiles
External_ballistics
In the theory of capital structure, external financing is the phrase used to describe funds that firms obtain from outside of the firm. It is contrasted
External_financing
B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References External links 3K is an gene-terrorist organization led by the Chairman and consisting
List of Marvel Comics teams and organizations
List_of_Marvel_Comics_teams_and_organizations
Nose orifice that enables the entry and exit of air
longer separated and form a single larger external opening. Like other tetrapods, humans have two external nostrils (anterior nares) and two additional
Nostril
Territory that does not possess full political independence as a sovereign state
dependent territory, dependent area, or dependency (sometimes referred as an external territory) is a territory that does not possess full political independence
Dependent_territory
Canal of the uterine cervix
(or internal os) and with the vagina via the external orifice of the uterus (ostium of uterus or external os). The internal orifice of the uterus is an
Cervical_canal
Branch of the vagus nerve
two branches —the external laryngeal nerve and the internal laryngeal nerve. The external laryngeal nerve is the smaller, external branch. It descends
Superior_laryngeal_nerve
Terms describing animal motion
other joints, for example the shoulder, and are described as internal or external. Other terms, such as elevation and depression, describe movement above
Anatomical_terms_of_motion
Ligament of the ankle
The lateral talocalcaneal ligament (external calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) is a ligament in the ankle. It is a short, strong fasciculus, passing from
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Lateral_talocalcaneal_ligament
Overview of the fighting styles
practice relating to harnessing of qi energy, while some more-conspicuously external styles tend more to display skills and abilities in competition or exhibition
Styles of Chinese martial arts
Styles_of_Chinese_martial_arts
Anti-individualism (also known as content externalism) is an approach to linguistic meaning in philosophy, the philosophy of psychology, and linguistics
Anti-individualism
It was established on 3 October 1919 under the "External Affairs Bill" as the Department of External Affairs. In 1943, the department was renamed the
Department of Island Territories
Department_of_Island_Territories
External reason for a medical condition
In medicine, an external cause is a reason for the existence of a medical condition which can be associated with a specific object or acute process that
External_cause
Intelligence assessment agency of New Zealand
The National Assessments Bureau (NAB), previously known as the External Assessments Bureau (EAB), is a New Zealand intelligence analysis agency within
National_Assessments_Bureau
An external render is, in its most basic form, a coating applied to the walls of a building, to provide a protective coating which would prevent rain penetration
External_render
Blood vessel
The cremasteric artery (external spermatic artery) is a branch of the inferior epigastric artery which accompanies the spermatic cord to supply the cremaster
Cremasteric_artery
Military and covert operations conducted outside Iran
Iranian external operations refer to the activities conducted by the Islamic Republic of Iran in foreign countries since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. These
Iranian_external_operations
Lost economic efficiency
monopoly pricing in the case of artificial scarcity, a positive or negative externality, a tax or subsidy (the excess burden of taxation), or a binding price
Deadweight_loss
The external examiner plays an important role in degree-level examinations in higher education in the United Kingdom. The external examiner system originated
External_examiner
Blood vessels connecting the thigh veins to the pelvis
The external iliac veins are large veins that connect the femoral veins to the common iliac veins. Their origin is at the inferior margin of the inguinal
External_iliac_vein
2022 studio album by Mike Campbell & The Dirty Knobs
writing, recording, and planning his first tour after the COVID-19 pandemic External Combustion is the second studio album by American rock band Mike Campbell
External_Combustion
state refers to all media work abroad as wai xuan, or "external propaganda." Through its external propaganda operations, frequently directed by the CCP's
Propaganda_in_China
Part of the human skull
Near the middle of the squamous part of occipital bone is the external occipital protuberance, the highest point of which is referred to as the inion.
External occipital protuberance
External_occipital_protuberance
Boundary of abdominal cavity
it, the extraperitoneal fat, the transversalis fascia, the internal and external oblique and transversus abdominis aponeurosis, and a layer of fascia, which
Abdominal_wall
High-externality areas
planning, a locally unwanted land use (LULU) is a land use that creates externality costs on those living in close proximity. These costs include potential
Locally_unwanted_land_use
Aviation procedure
to discard fuel, external stores or other expendable items. The item is usually jettisoned by operating a switch or handle; external stores may be separated
Jettison_(aviation)
Variable defined outside any function block in C programming
In the C programming language, and its predecessor B, an external variable is a variable defined outside any function block. On the other hand, a local
External_variable
Process strengthening the immune system
available. Immunizations impose what is known as a positive consumer externality on society. In addition to providing the individual with protection against
Immunization
Market failure occurs when an externality is present and a market either underproduces a product with a positive externality, or overproduces a product that
History_of_capitalist_theory
Topics referred to by the same term
External Affairs may refer to: Ministry of External Affairs (Andorra) Ministry of External Affairs and Defence, Ceylon (former) Ministry of External Affairs
Ministry_of_External_Affairs
C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W X Y References Further reading External links A-show A wrestling event where a company's biggest draws wrestle
Glossary of professional wrestling terms
Glossary_of_professional_wrestling_terms
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
Boy/Male
Australian, Norse, Polish
The Glacier; Iceberg
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Pursley Farm in Shenley, Hertfordshire.Probably an altered spelling of German Bürschle, a diminutive of Bursch.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Cloud
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German, Italian, Latin
Noble; Patrician; Nobleman
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Jain, Marathi
With Multi-coloured Body
Male
Welsh
Welsh name ARWEL means "prominent."
Girl/Female
Tamil
True beauty and kindness. a lover of good. genuine and caring
Girl/Female
Tamil
Brilliant, Beautiful, Passionate, Woman
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, English
Form of Wesley; The West Meadow
Boy/Male
British, English
Lives at the Hare's Lake
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
n.
separation from the perceiving mind.
n.
Surface; superficies; externality.
n.
State of being external; exteriority
n.
The state or quality of being distanguishable from the perceiving mind, by being in space, and possessing marerial quality; externality; objectivity.