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See searches and references containing EXTERNAL VALIDITY!EXTERNAL VALIDITY
Extent to which the results of a study can be generalized
External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. In other words, it is the extent
External_validity
Extent to which a measurement corresponds to reality
claims to measure. Validity is based on the strength of a collection of different types of evidence (e.g. face validity, construct validity, etc.) described
Validity_(statistics)
Relevance of a study's variables and conclusions to real-world context
deemed externally valid. External validity refers to the ability to generalize study findings in other contexts. Ecological validity, the ability to generalize
Ecological_validity
Topics referred to by the same term
up validity or valid in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Validity or Valid may refer to: Validity (logic), a property of a logical argument Validity (statistics)
Validity
Extent to which a piece of evidence supports a claim about cause and effect
and external validity can be described using qualitative or quantitative forms of causal notation. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if
Internal_validity
Repeating a falsity increases believability
PMID 21058878. Gigerenzer, Gerd (1984). "External Validity of Laboratory Experiments: The Frequency-Validity Relationship". The American Journal of Psychology
Illusory_truth_effect
Measure of indicator representativeness
reflects. Modern validity theory defines construct validity as the overarching concern of validity research, subsuming all other types of validity evidence such
Construct_validity
Research measure of psychopathy
selection bias and is likely to have negative implications for the external validity of the scale as the wider population does not consist of only undergraduate
Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale
Levenson_Self-Report_Psychopathy_Scale
Application of experimental method to psychological research
yield a valid conclusion. Validity measures the relative accuracy or correctness of conclusions drawn from a study. To determine the validity of a measurement
Experimental_psychology
rather than external validity mainly to avoid any possible confusion between the two terms.) During this discussion I consider that validity is reflected
Pragmatic_validity
most scholars. Validity can be further divided into internal validity and external validity. Campbell further refined the internal validity into three parts:
Experimental political science
Experimental_political_science
Empirical interventional study
internal validity. This deficiency in randomization makes it harder to rule out confounding variables and introduces new threats to internal validity. Because
Quasi-experiment
Statistical model validation technique
evidence is that cross-validation by itself is not very predictive of external validity, whereas a form of experimental validation known as swap sampling
Cross-validation_(statistics)
Directed graph that models causal relationships between variables
derive testable implications of the assumptions encoded, test for external validity, and manage missing data and selection bias. Causal graphs were first
Causal_graph
Obsolete diagnostic class of autism
autistic but have social difficulties. There are questions about the external validity of the AS diagnosis. That is, it is unclear whether there is a practical
Asperger_syndrome
Thought experiment in ethics
Bartels, Daniel M.; Warren, Caleb (4 September 2014). "Revisiting External Validity: Concerns about Trolley Problems and Other Sacrificial Dilemmas in
Trolley_problem
their results, and therefore increases external validity. However, confounding may decrease internal validity of a study, and ethical issues may arise
Observational methods in psychology
Observational_methods_in_psychology
Sampling method
sample to the general population in statistical terms. In cases where external validity is not of critical importance to the study's goals or purpose, researchers
Nonprobability_sampling
domains." Psychopolitical validity is divided into two components: epistemic validity and transformational validity. Epistemic validity uses both psychological
Psychopolitical_validity
Study of social effects on people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
trade-off between experimental control (internal validity) and generalizability to the population (external validity). Because it is usually impossible to test
Social_psychology
Econometric effect
LATE value will give a more precise estimate. However, it may lack external validity by ignoring the effect of non-compliance that is likely to occur in
Local average treatment effect
Local_average_treatment_effect
Term used to describe a cue's informativeness in perception
ecological validity was proposed by psychologist Egon Brunswik as part of the Brunswik lens model. Egon Brunswik defined the term ecological validity in the
Ecological validity (perception)
Ecological_validity_(perception)
Conceptual model in philosophy of science
framework for drawing valid conclusions from non-experimental data. Causal models can help with the question of external validity (whether results from
Causal_model
Canadian economist
metascience. Research on the external validity of impact evaluations Vivalt is known for her work on the external validity of impact evaluations. As a
Eva_Vivalt
Length of time a passport can be legally used
Passport validity is the length of time a passport can be used to travel to another country, or be used as a valid form of identification within or outside
Passport_validity
Machine learning technique
learning in educational psychology Zero-shot learning Feature learning external validity West, Jeremy; Ventura, Dan; Warnick, Sean (2007). "Spring Research
Transfer_learning
Field of business
in "The effects of Pornography: An International Perspective" on external validity grounds, while others claim there is a correlation between pornography
Sex_industry
Concepts in the Catholic Church
Validity and liceity are concepts in the Catholic Church. Validity designates an action which produces the effects intended; an action which does not produce
Validity_and_liceity
Sensory evaluation tool
opinions. This can result in non-representative data and reduce the external validity of findings. The scale measures overall liking or disliking; however
Hedonic_scale
Maximum price at or below which a consumer will buy one unit of a product
2011). "Do price-tags influence consumers' willingness to pay? On the external validity of using auctions for measuring value Article". Experimental Economics
Willingness_to_pay
Hypothesis about depression
designs that do not necessarily approximate real-world phenomena, the external validity of the depressive realism hypothesis is unclear. There is also concern
Depressive_realism
Study of health and disease within a population
error. The validity of a study is dependent on the degree of systematic error. Validity is usually separated into two components: Internal validity is dependent
Epidemiology
Task crowdsourcing website
8 (2). "External Validity - Generalizing Results in Research". explorable.com. "Social Research Methods - Knowledge Base - External Validity". www.socialresearchmethods
Amazon_Mechanical_Turk
Psychological test
lowest internal consistency, at 0.11. Other scores were significant. External validity, tested with the Portuguese version of the GSS, showed no correlation
Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale
Gudjonsson_Suggestibility_Scale
Bias in a statistical analysis due to non-random selection
(albeit not a universally accepted one) is that it undermines the external validity of a test (the ability of its results to be generalized to the rest
Selection_bias
Phenomenon in psychological research
on the situation. It is a significant threat to a research study's external validity and is typically controlled for using blind experiment designs. There
Reactivity_(psychology)
Form of causal modeling that fit networks of constructs to data
model's specification, a tendency to accept models without considering external validity, and potential philosophical biases. A great advantage of SEM is that
Structural_equation_modeling
Scientific study of human behaviour
issues such as psychopathology, anxiety, and depression, may lack external validity when "exported" to other cultural contexts, cross-cultural psychology
Cross-cultural_psychology
Unit of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation
dismissed the previously mentioned studies by stating that they lack external validity as they do not accurately represent the situations in which members
Behavioral_Analysis_Unit
divergent validity in Study 2, and the results showed that the CNS does not correlate with academic tests, such as the SAT, showing its divergent validity. The
Connectedness_to_nature_scale
Type of attention disorder
Distinct Attention Disorder? Erik G. Willcutt (2013). "The Internal and External Validity of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and its Relation with DSM–IV ADHD". Journal
Cognitive disengagement syndrome
Cognitive_disengagement_syndrome
Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
all such studies have suffered from lack of reproducibility; poor external validity; and/or inattention to cross-validation, resulting in poor predictive
Chaos_theory
Personality disorder involving excess dependence on others
proposed with the goal of overcoming limitations, such as limited external validity for the diagnostic criteria for dependent personality disorder, to
Dependent personality disorder
Dependent_personality_disorder
Sacramental validity is a concept in Christianity relating to the validity of a sacrament. The major Christian denominations have various teaching on the
Sacramental_validity
Statistical method
Vollmer, Lauren N.; Morris, Rebecca E. (2018). "The Internal and External Validity of the Regression Discontinuity Design: A Meta-Analysis of 15 Within-Study
Regression discontinuity design
Regression_discontinuity_design
Type of good in economics
action and resource management. Additionally, a study explored the external validity of CPR laboratory experiments within the context of artisanal benthic
Common-pool_resource
Scientific procedure performed to validate a hypothesis
this reason, field experiments are sometimes seen as having higher external validity than laboratory experiments. However, like natural experiments, field
Experiment
Medical diagnostic method
aggressive behavior that has strong convergent validity, demonstrates discriminant validity, and external validity. Furthermore, a recent meta-analysis(p curve
Taylor_Aggression_Paradigm
Software designed to play StarCraft II
games at the time. Games created for humans are considered to have external validity as benchmarks of progress in artificial intelligence. IBM's chess
AlphaStar_(software)
Form of abstraction
generalization) Ceteris paribus Class diagram § Generalization/Inheritance External validity (scientific studies) Faulty generalization Generic (disambiguation)
Generalization
Bias in causal inference
that were accidentally held constant. Artifacts are thus threats to external validity. Artifacts are factors that covary with the treatment and the outcome
Confounding
French professor of epidemiology
interventions (blinding, external validity, complex interventions) and research synthesis. She has worked on the internal and external validity of non-pharmacological
Isabelle_Boutron
Method to develop and test theories
thought process regarding the choice of a test; Process-tracing has low external validity because it focuses on specific cases. There is a requirement with
Process_tracing
Latin term meaning outside a natural biological environment
Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel (2018-11-07). "Is it possible to overcome issues of external validity in preclinical animal research? Why most animal models are bound to
In_vitro
Design of tasks
experiment. Main concerns in experimental design include the establishment of validity, reliability, and replicability. For example, these concerns can be partially
Design_of_experiments
Experiment conducted outside the laboratory
researchers a way to test theories and answer questions with higher external validity because they simulate real-world occurrences. Compared to surveys
Field_experiment
Research method using personal experience
were trying to "fit the classical traditional model of internal and external validity to constructionist and interactionist conceptions of the research
Autoethnography
British documentary on a psychological experiment
study were somehow "unreal". Zimbardo also criticised the lack of external validity of the findings of the BBC study, since prisoner domination of guards
The_Experiment
Psychology experiment
institutions and the workplace, which implies that the larger study may have external validity and illustrates its relevance to real-world aggression. When the Bobo
Bobo_doll_experiment
American football game
fostered selection bias, and therefore lacked both internal validity and external validity. Controversies surrounding teams' inclusion in the BCS National
BCS National Championship Game
BCS_National_Championship_Game
Policy on permits required to enter the Schengen Area
territorial validity (LTV), either specifically naming the state(s) for which it is valid or, inversely, the state(s) for which it is not valid. According
Visa policy of the Schengen Area
Visa_policy_of_the_Schengen_Area
Study of correct reasoning
amphibians; (3) therefore no cats are frogs" is deductively valid. For deductive validity, it does not matter whether the premises or the conclusion are
Logic
Group interviewed to analyse opinions
unless they are repeated. Focus groups can create severe issues of external validity, especially the reactive effects of the testing arrangement. Other
Focus_group
Umbrella term of influence and mode of communication
behavior. Theories, by nature however, prioritize internal validity, over external validity. They are coherent and therefore make for an easily reappropriated
Persuasion
Projective personality test
and other measures of personality. Still other investigations of external validity have been conducted using physiological and behavioral measures as
Holtzman_Inkblot_Technique
Factors influencing economic decisions
sustain long-term impact when re-tested, bringing into question their external validity in complex, real-world conditions. Supporting this, behavioral economics
Behavioral_economics
Research technique
improve the accuracy, credibility, validity, and transferability (also known as applicability, internal validity, or fittingness) of a study. There are
Member_check
Concept in psychology
control is the degree to which people believe that they, as opposed to external forces (beyond their influence), have control over the outcome of events
Locus_of_control
Judgement of the High Court of Australia
High Court of Australia on 11 May 1982. It concerned the constitutional validity of parts of the Racial Discrimination Act 1975, and the discriminatory
Koowarta_v_Bjelke-Petersen
Type of clinical study
has better internal validity than a consecutive case series. The CCCS design also address some concerns about the external validity or generality of findings
Consecutive controlled case series
Consecutive_controlled_case_series
Effect from introducing new elements
novelty wears off, the stress response decreases. This is a threat to external validity when individuals participating in a research study (a novel situation)
Novelty_effect
Russian and Serbian psychologist
a number of critical methodological articles on the key issue of external validity at many points in the existing research on the legal process, with
Vladimir_J._Konečni
Method in anthropology
to internal validity, or the knowledge that our findings are representative of reality, and transferability is similar to external validity or the extent
Participant_observation
Teaching by lecture or demonstration
reteaching, or accelerating through easily understood material. The external validity of Direct Instruction has been tested, and the program is research-based
Direct_instruction
Illness diagnosis, treatment and prevention based on data collection and analysis
and aspects regarding its precision Clinical importance of results External validity or generalizability Application of results in practice Evaluation
Evidence-based_medicine
Medical diagnostic method
Jensen, DV; Noerholm, V; Martiny, K; Bech, P (2003). "The internal and external validity of the Major Depression Inventory in measuring severity of depressive
Major_Depression_Inventory
German psychologist (1850–1909)
avoid the use of participants sacrificed the external validity of the study despite sound internal validity. In addition, although he tried to account for
Hermann_Ebbinghaus
examiner. Assessing Writing Concurrent validity Content validity External validity Face validity Predictive validity Rhetoric Behizadeh, Nadia and George
Writing_assessment
Application of behavioral economics to legal systems
biases selectively to justify preferred outcomes. Others question the external validity of behavioral findings, many of which are derived from laboratory
Behavioral_law_and_economics
Psychometric questionnaire
(2001). The Social Desirability Scale-17 (SDS-17): Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and relationship with age. European Journal of Psychological
Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding
Balanced_Inventory_of_Desirable_Responding
Aspect of survey and poll methodology
condition does not reflect their preference. Such an experiment lacks external validity and results would not directly generalise to situations offering respondents
Mode_effect
Concept in social psychology
may have thought impossible. Questions have been raised about the external validity of deindividuation research. As deindividuation has evolved as a theory
Deindividuation
Discipline within qualitative research
of Michigan Press), 326. McAdams, D.P. & Zeldow, P.B. (1993). Construct validity and content analysis. Journal of Personality Assessment, 61. 243-245. Donald
Narrative_inquiry
Set of markup declarations for SGML-family markup language
external subset. Any valid SGML or XML document that references an external subset in its DTD, or whose body contains references to parsed external entities
Document_type_definition
estimated using the randomization distribution; a fortiori there exists no "valid" (i.e. randomization-based) test for the block-treatment interaction in
Generalized randomized block design
Generalized_randomized_block_design
Branch of psychology
that all meaning is drained from the experimental situation. The external validity of laboratory studies is at best limited to predicting behavior in
Sport_psychology
Israeli–American economist
treatment effects and population average treatment effects, i.e., the external validity of IV estimates. Finally, along with Victor Chernozhukov and Iván
Joshua_Angrist
the other hand, rank(B) ≤ rank(M) ≤ b, so v ≤ b. Fisher's inequality is valid for more general classes of designs. A pairwise balanced design (or PBD)
Fisher's_inequality
Neurological assessment tool
cognitive processing. A major criticism of this approach is on its external validity. The problems occur due to differences in outcome between administrators
The_Boston_process_approach
Personality test
30 to r = 0.84, Comrey also used several external validity procedures¸ including several concurrent validity testing with other personality indicators
Comrey_Personality_Scales
Study in psychology that overlaps with moral philosophy
that external factors irrelevant to researcher's hypothesis can be ruled out. However, criticisms have been raised about the external validity of the
Moral_reasoning
Perception concept
Depending on the goals of the experiment, this may diminish its external validity. In such cases, it may be important to keep the system operating naturally
Ideal_observer_analysis
American economist
Spears, Dean (2016). "Village sanitation and child health: Effects and external validity in a randomized field experiment in rural India". Journal of Health
Jeffrey_Hammer
American economist
2020). "NON EST DISPUTANDUM DE GENERALIZABILITY? A GLIMPSE INTO THE EXTERNAL VALIDITY TRIAL" (PDF). NBER Working Paper Series (27535): 30. "Douglas Diamond
Rebecca_Diamond_(economist)
American economist
2020). "NON EST DISPUTANDUM DE GENERALIZABILITY? A GLIMPSE INTO THE EXTERNAL VALIDITY TRIAL" (PDF). NBER Working Paper Series (27535): 30. "Leon Diamond
Douglas_Diamond
Study with uncontrolled variable of interest
representativeness of randomized controlled trial samples and implications for the external validity of trial results". Trials. 16 (1) 495. doi:10.1186/s13063-015-1023-4
Observational_study
Experiment conducted over the Internet
where less controls can be applied, have the advantage of better external validity. The adaption of each type of experiment online faces some hurdles
Web-based_experiments
Evaluating whether a chosen statistical model is appropriate or not
application area. Expert judgment can sometimes be used to assess the validity of a prediction without obtaining real data: e.g. for the curve in Figure 1
Statistical_model_validation
French historian of science
accounts of concepts. His work in experimental psychology focuses on external validity and statistics. He has also worked on theories of human cognition
Edouard_Machery
Data sharing project
Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principals. DSDR focuses on data with external validity that can be generalized to populations. The Population Dynamics Branch
Data Sharing for Demographic Research
Data_Sharing_for_Demographic_Research
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
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Eternal
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Muslim/Islamic
Outside external
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Eternal
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Eternal
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Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
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Tamil
Eternal
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Hindu
Eternal
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Muslim
Eternal
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
External; Outside
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Eternal
Girl/Female
Hindu
Eternal
Girl/Female
Tamil
Saswaty | ஸஸà¯à®µà®¤à¯à®¯Â
Eternal
Saswaty | ஸஸà¯à®µà®¤à¯à®¯Â
Boy/Male
Tamil
Eternal
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
External
Girl/Female
Arabic Muslim
Eternal.
Boy/Male
Arabic American Egyptian Muslim
Eternal.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Eternal
Boy/Male
Hindi
Eternal.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Eternal
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
Girl/Female
Biblical
Assemblies, congregations.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Sun
Surname or Lastname
English or Irish
English or Irish : variant of Searcy.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Celebrity, Chinese, Christian, Czechoslovakian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Indian, Irish, Jamaican, Jewish, Portuguese, Swedish, Swiss, Tamil, Telugu
Beloved One; Courageous Hero who Killed Goliath King of Israel
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Muruga
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Sun
Girl/Female
Indian
Small, Slender, Tender
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Rajasthani, Telugu
Wise
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Servant of the Manifest
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Australian
Arabian
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
a.
Inward; interior; being within any limit or surface; inclosed; -- opposed to external; as, the internal parts of a body, or of the earth.
a.
External; outward; not inherent.
adv.
In an external manner; outwardly; on the outside; in appearance; visibly.
a.
Outward; exterior; relating to the outside, as of a body; being without; acting from without; -- opposed to internal; as, the external form or surface of a body.
a.
Of or pertaining to a father; fatherly; showing the disposition of a father; guiding or instructing as a father; as, paternal care.
n.
A very slight convulsive or spasmodic contraction of certain muscles, external or internal.
a.
Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly; as, maternal love; maternal tenderness.
n.
The point where two converging lines meet; an angle, either external or internal.
a.
Received or derived from a father; hereditary; as, a paternal estate.
n.
The quality of being manifest to the senses; external acts or appearances; regard for externals.
a.
Derived from, or dependent on, the thing itself; inherent; as, the internal evidence of the divine origin of the Scriptures.
a.
Possessing knowledge, whether by internal, conscious experience or by external observation; cognizant; aware; sensible.
n.
A fleshy covering of a seed, lying between the external and internal integuments.
a.
Pertaining to its own affairs or interests; especially, (said of a country) domestic, as opposed to foreign; as, internal trade; internal troubles or war.
a.
Situated between the external and internal carotid arteries; as, an intercarotid ganglion.
a.
Not sternal; -- said of ribs which do not join the sternum.
a.
Eternal; everlasting.
a.
Foreign; relating to or connected with foreign nations; as, external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or kingdom.
n.
Something external or without; outward part; that which makes a show, rather than that which is intrinsic; visible form; -- usually in the plural.
a.
Internal; inward; -- opposed to external.