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Genomic loci that explain variation in gene expression levels
An expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) is a type of quantitative trait locus (QTL), a genomic locus (region of DNA) that is associated with phenotypic
Expression quantitative trait loci
Expression_quantitative_trait_loci
DNA locus associated with variation in a quantitative trait
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a locus (section of DNA) that correlates with variation of a quantitative trait in the phenotype of a population of
Quantitative_trait_locus
Genome regions affecting protein levels
Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) are regions in the genome associated with variation in protein expression levels. Since proteins are the primary
Protein quantitative trait loci
Protein_quantitative_trait_loci
Genetic trait
of complex traits has been explored using statistical approaches such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping
Complex_traits
Study of the inheritance of continuously variable traits
point to "length of stem". Analysis of quantitative trait loci, or QTLs, is a more recent addition to quantitative genetics, linking it more directly to
Quantitative_genetics
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
polymorphisms (SNPs) at DBH loci were found to be associated with DBH activity and are well known expression quantitative trait loci. Allele variants at two
Dopamine_beta-hydroxylase
Member of a group of interacting genes
influence a phenotypic trait, thus contributing to multiple-gene inheritance (polygenic inheritance, multigenic inheritance, quantitative inheritance), a type
Polygene
Study of genetic variants in different individuals
association between risk-SNPs and the gene expression of nearby genes, the so-called expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies. The reason is that GWAS
Genome-wide_association_study
Organ central to the nervous system
single-cell expression quantitative trait loci (i.e., genomic variants with strong statistical associations with changes in gene expression within specific
Brain
Passing of traits to offspring from the species' parents or ancestor
(gonosomal loci) Sex-limited phenotype expression (e.g., cryptorchism) Inheritance through the maternal line (in case of mitochondrial DNA loci) Inheritance
Heredity
Set of methods in genetics
example is an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL), in which genetic variants at a locus are associated with differences in gene expression. This could
Fine-mapping
Rare genetic syndrome
et al. (2012). "Loci nominally associated with autism from genome-wide analysis show enrichment of brain expression quantitative trait loci but not lymphoblastoid
22q13_deletion_syndrome
Gene profile for C10orf88 (aka PAAT)
results < Expression Atlas < EMBL-EBI". "C10orf88 Gene Expression – Gene – NCBI". "C10orf88 Gene Expression – Gene – NCBI". "C10orf88 Gene Expression - Gene
PAAT_(protein)
panel for gene expression should be obtained, such as an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), which helps to show gene expression regulation. Using
Transcriptome-wide association study
Transcriptome-wide_association_study
Dependence of a gene mutation's phenotype on mutations in other genes
which the effect of a mutation on a trait is dependent on the presence or absence of mutations at different loci (locations on the genome), that may be
Epistasis
Lab technique in cellular biology
expressed due to regulatory effects including imprinting and expression quantitative trait loci, and noncoding rare variants. Limitations of RNA variant identification
RNA-Seq
One gene variant masking the effect of another in the other copy of the gene
affected by multiple genes at different loci. These different genes interact in a way to produce a quantitative characteristic, which is a characteristic
Dominance_(genetics)
Type of biological inheritance
showed that if multiple Mendelian factors were involved in the expression of an individual trait, they could produce the diverse results observed, thus demonstrating
Mendelian_inheritance
Long-standing debate in biology and society
[citation needed] For a few highly heritable traits, studies have identified loci associated with variance in that trait, for instance in some individuals with
Nature_versus_nurture
Mechanism of evolution by differential reproduction
than one direction. In particular, if the trait is quantitative and univariate then both higher and lower trait levels are favoured. Disruptive selection
Natural_selection
Scientific study
in which a trait is mutationally accessible, making the trait's evolution possible. Actualization: a mutation occurs that produces the trait, making it
E. coli long-term evolution experiment
E._coli_long-term_evolution_experiment
American professor of biology at Stanford University
Fraser developed a novel pooling-based approach to map methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) at genome-wide scale with allele-specific resolution,
Hunter_Fraser
Biological concept
that control one trait at one specific locus. Epistatic variance involves an interaction between different alleles in different loci. Heritability refers
Genetic_variance
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cell-communication pathway results in lower expression of c20orf141. All known expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) of c20orf141 are found downstream
C20orf141
selection on multiple loci or polygenic traits. QLE also plays an important role in justifying approximations in the derivation of quantitative genetic equations
Quasi-linkage_equilibrium
Filipino-American statistical geneticist
Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) program that developed a transcriptome and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL)
Eric_R._Gamazon
Science of genes, heredity and variation
continuous blend. Blending of traits in the progeny is now explained by the action of multiple genes with quantitative effects. Another theory that had
Genetics
Estimation of effect of genetic variation on phenotypic variation of a trait
and influence of putatively associated genetic loci (usually single-nucleotide polymorphisms) on the trait. This can lead to underestimation of heritability
Heritability
polygenic trait Any phenotypic trait which is under the direct control of more than one gene. Polygenic traits are often quantitative traits. polymorphism
Glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology
Glossary_of_genetics_and_evolutionary_biology
Underground stem in which various plants asexually reproduce via budding
regulatory elements, and relationship to quantitative trait loci, of sorghum genes with rhizome-enriched expression". Plant Physiology. 142 (3): 1148–1159
Rhizome
American geneticist
variance associated with one of multiple quantitative trait loci, each of which has a small effect on the trait being studied, are typically significantly
William_Beavis
Sequence of DNA that determines traits in an organism
gene prediction software Lists of human genes Predictive medicine Quantitative trait locus Selfish genetic element Whole genome sequencing Orgogozo V,
Gene
Malaysian haematologist
quantitative trait loci (QTL) for this HbF variability. These loci are involved with the control haematopoiesis and the production of HbF. The loci are
Swee_Lay_Thein
Expression of genes depending on parentage
PMC 16650. PMID 10859367. Hoeschele I (2004-07-15). "Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in Outbred Pedigrees". Handbook of Statistical Genetics. John Wiley
Genomic_imprinting
Study of genetic-environment interactions influencing behaviour
influence, although the extent of genetic influence for any particular trait can differ widely. A decade later, in February 1970, the first issue of
Behavioural_genetics
Indirect selection process in breeding
time (a quantitative trait) in peas with a simply inherited gene for flower color. Markers may be: Morphological — These were the first markers loci available
Marker-assisted_selection
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
disorder and ADHD: evaluation of conduct problems as a categorical and quantitative trait in the international multicentre ADHD genetics study". American Journal
FAM155A
Epigenetic transmission without DNA primary structure alteration
functional, transcriptional, and epigenetic changes linked to the immune gene loci. The responsiveness of myeloid cells to the Candida albicans infection increased
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
Transgenerational_epigenetic_inheritance
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
identifies association of a novel susceptibility gene, DKK2, with the quantitative trait of alcohol dependence symptom counts". Hum. Mol. Genet. 19 (12): 2497–506
Nephronectin
Transfer of genetic material from one species to another
Introgression lines allow the study of quantitative trait loci, but also the creation of new varieties by introducing exotic traits. Lineage fusion is an extreme
Introgression
Chemical compound
taste PTC is often treated as a dominant genetic trait, although inheritance and expression of this trait are somewhat more complex. PTC also inhibits melanogenesis
Phenylthiocarbamide
Range of possible values for any characteristic of human beings
able to treat biological traits as manifestations of either a single loci or multiple loci, labeling said biological traits as either monogenic or polygenic
Human_variability
Aspect of population genetics
increase the type-1 error rate and reduce the power to map human quantitative trait loci (QTL). While linkage analysis was successfully used to identify
Genetic_linkage
Health issue in Japan
in Japanese populations. Researchers use tools such as GWAS and quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which can be very helpful in determining what mutations
Diabetes_in_Japan
Repeating sequences of 2–13 base pairs of DNA
microsatellite loci is expected to differ from other mutation rates, such as base substitution rates. The mutation rate at microsatellite loci depends on
Microsatellite
Study of role of genetics in the nervous system
sample sizes, which is a marked advantage in laboratory research. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is another statistical method used to determine the
Neurogenetics
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Human Disease Database. Mapping Adipose and Muscle Tissue Expression Quantitative Trait Loci in African Americans to Identify Genes for Type 2 Diabetes
ATP5SL
Gene
Pausch H (September 2019). "Multi-trait meta-analyses reveal 25 quantitative trait loci for economically important traits in Brown Swiss cattle". BMC Genomics
C2orf80
Type of modifier gene
tended to distinguish between monogenic traits, governed by simple, Mendelian inheritance, and quantitative traits, with cumulative, multifactorial causes
Human_disease_modifier_gene
Ability of plants to withstand pathogens
mechanisms that each have small effects on the overall resistance trait. Quantitative resistance is often contrasted to ETI resistance mediated by single
Plant_disease_resistance
Individuals nearly identical in genotype due to long inbreeding
a quantitative trait locus analysis. The replication increases the precision of the results from the mapping experiment, and is required for traits such
Inbred_strain
Difference in a quantitative trait between heterozygous and homozygous genotypes
heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. The heterotic offspring often has traits that are more
Heterosis
Front of a head
(1 February 2021). "A GWAS in Latin Americans identifies novel face shape loci, implicating VPS13B and a Denisovan introgressed region in facial variation"
Face
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Carcinogenesis. 32 (4): 452–61. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgq273. PMC 3105580. PMID 21177767. FAM193A QTL (quantitative trait loci) Search Result - Rat Genome Database
FAM193A
Hungarian-American nephrologist
kidney epigenome and catalogue genotype-driven gene-expression variation (Expression quantitative trait loci; eQTL) in human kidneys. Integration of genome
Katalin_Susztak
Study of association of allergies with genes
eQTL analysis determines loci associated with a quantitative trait, where expression studies of loci associated with traits such as allergy are performed
GWAS_in_allergy
morphospace is a quantitative representation of phenotypes in a multidimensional space, where each dimension corresponds to a trait. The phenotype of
Developmental_bias
Subdiscipline of ecology
simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of different genes. Quantitative PCR may also be used to analyze gene expression as a result of changes
Molecular_ecology
Alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a genome
ageing, as the expression can be changed after a certain time period in the organism's lifespan. Replication timing quantitative trait loci affects DNA replication
Mutation
Database and analysis software for systems genetics
differences to corresponding differences in gene and protein expression and to variation in traits such as health and disease risk. Data sets in GeneNetwork
GeneNetwork
Hypertension occurring during pregnancy
of the reasons why these traits are considered to be a risk factor. Furthermore, ZNF831 (zinc finger protein 831) and its loci on chromosome 20q13 were
Pre-eclampsia
Mathematical modelling of phenotypic evolution
expense of ecological detail and quantitative genetics which incorporates quantitative traits influenced by genes at many loci. The consideration of the impact
Evolutionary invasion analysis
Evolutionary_invasion_analysis
Relation between obesity and genetic factors
weight gain across species. Several additional loci have been identified. Also, several quantitative trait loci for BMI have been identified. Confirmed and
Genetics_of_obesity
RNA-based gene silencing process
regulating imprinted expression at some genes. This unusual parent-of-origin-specific expression pattern occurs at several loci in the endosperm during
RNA-directed_DNA_methylation
Database of rat genomics
structured vocabulary, or ontology, annotations assigned to genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL), and for consolidating rat strain data and making it available
Rat_Genome_Database
Species having two or more distinct forms
selection: 141. Number showing quantitative traits: 56. Number showing polymorphic traits: 62. Number showing both Q and P traits: 23. This shows that polymorphisms
Polymorphism_(biology)
Subfield of biology
individual's lifetime. Individuals also may carry many traits or genes that they don't use at different loci. However, epigenetic inheritance, like environmental
Ecological evolutionary developmental biology
Ecological_evolutionary_developmental_biology
Species of fish
Emilie; Kowalko, Johanna E; McGaugh, Suzanne E (2024-07-30). "Quantitative trait loci concentrate in specific regions of the Mexican cavefish genome
Mexican_tetra
X-linked trait A phenotypic trait whose expression is governed or influenced by one or more genes located on the X chromosome (making it a sex-linked trait).
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
progressing sensorineural hearing loss. A genetic study identified two quantitative trait loci (QTL) that control hearing function. One QTL, named age-related
GIPC3
Hybrid wheat/rye crop
focused on the improvement of quantitative traits, such as grain yield, nutritional quality and plant height, as well as traits which are more difficult to
Triticale
Database of soybean genetics
genes, and biparental and Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Soybean genetic maps are displayed using the CMap comparative
SoyBase_Database
and a particular identifiable phenotype/trait. When patterns change such as DNA methylation at specific loci, discriminating the phenotypically affected
Epigenome-wide association study
Epigenome-wide_association_study
Chemical compound
Ahern KR, Jander G (February 2015). "Additive effects of two quantitative trait loci that confer Rhopalosiphum maidis (corn leaf aphid) resistance in
DIMBOA
Evolutionary history of Brassica genus
of an Allohexaploid Brassica Doubled Haploid Population Reveals Quantitative Trait Loci for Pollen Viability and Fertility". Frontiers in Plant Science
Triangle_of_U
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Bakker PI, Frazer IH, Montgomery GW, Martin NG (January 2010). "Quantitative trait loci for CD4:CD8 lymphocyte ratio are associated with risk of type 1
SLFN12L
British evolutionary biologist (born 1962)
grasshopper hybrid zone", Journal of Evolutionary Biology "Do quantitative trait loci (QTL) for a courtship song difference between Drosophila simulans
Michael_G._Ritchie
Pakistani American plant geneticist
Mwanga R, Khan MA, Gruneberg W, Buell R. 2019. Quantitative trait loci and differential gene expression analyses reveal the genetic basis for negatively-associated
Awais_Khan_(plant_geneticist)
Change in the heritable traits of populations
(28 February 1998). "Levels of genetic polymorphism: marker loci versus quantitative traits". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 353 (1366):
Evolution
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
highest expression in heart and skeletal muscle. The intergenic region of this gene and the MYB gene has been identified to be a quantitative trait locus
HBS1-like_protein
Italian genetic epidemiologist
phenotypes. Results from his studies allowed the chromosomal mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) modulating the genetic predisposition to liver, lung and
Tommaso_A._Dragani
Gene considered likely to be involved in a condition
completed by examining both human and pig quantitative trait loci through a method known as genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA), which allowed the researchers
Candidate_gene
these mutant individuals. More and more studies have identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) that show evidence of genomic imprinting in farm animals
Polar_overdominance
Single nucleotide in genomic DNA at which different sequence alternatives exist
Non-coding SNPs can also alter the level of expression of a gene, as an eQTL (expression quantitative trait locus). SNPs in coding regions: synonymous
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Single-nucleotide_polymorphism
Process in genetics
transgressive segregation. Another commonly used test is the use of quantitative trait loci (QTL) to assess transgressive segregation. Alleles with QTL that
Transgressive_segregation
Biological process
incomplete or partial dosage compensation). In this system gene expression of sex-specific loci is reduced in the heterogametic sex i.e. the females in ZZ/ZW
Sex-chromosome dosage compensation
Sex-chromosome_dosage_compensation
September 2012). "Gene-Wide Characterization of Common Quantitative Trait Loci for ABCB1 mRNA Expression in Normal Liver Tissues in the Chinese Population"
Tag_SNP
Genetic diversity in human populations
Abecasis GR (March 2003). "Using haplotype blocks to map human complex trait loci" (PDF). Trends in Genetics. 19 (3): 135–40. doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(03)00022-2
Human_genetic_variation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Harada S, Higuchi S, Matsushita S (Aug 2002). "Investigation of quantitative trait loci in the CCKAR gene with susceptibility to alcoholism". Alcoholism:
Cholecystokinin_A_receptor
East Asian ethnic group
Zhou, Shihang; Yu, Weijian; et al. (2023). "Genetic analysis of 42 Y-STR loci in Han and Manchu populations from the three northeastern provinces in China"
Han_Chinese
Study of genetics in natural populations
(GWAS), researchers are able to scan genomes and identify loci associated with complex traits. Observing changes in allele frequency across a population
Ecological_genetics
Study of the role of the genome in drug response
(discussed in-depth below). Variation in DNA loci responsible for producing these enzymes can alter their expression or activity so that their functional status
Pharmacogenomics
Research institute near San Diego, California, U.S.
Database (IEDB) and the DICE (Database of Immune Cell Expression, Expression of quantitative trait loci and Epigenomics). Scientists at LJI, in collaboration
La Jolla Institute for Immunology
La_Jolla_Institute_for_Immunology
Genome resulting from the mating of closely related species
substantially reduced, or the adaptive loci are tightly linked to deleterious ones. Examples of adaptive traits that have been transferred via introgression
Eukaryote_hybrid_genome
Protein involved in the immune system
in filling in the gap towards understanding the genetic basis of quantitative traits and the different susceptibilities to autoimmune and neurobiological
Complement_component_4
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
etiologic and functional implications of genome-wide association loci for human diseases and traits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
Bioinformatics
Longer than typical lifespan, especially of humans
on 1.75 m people with known lifespans overall and identified 10 genomic loci which appear to intrinsically influence healthspan, lifespan, and longevity
Longevity
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
(May 2008). "A genome-wide association study identifies protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs)". PLOS Genetics. 4 (5) e1000072. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen
Enhancer of polycomb homolog 2 (Drosophila)
Enhancer_of_polycomb_homolog_2_(Drosophila)
for visualizing alternative splicing and the effects of splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs) from RNA-seq data. It provides a simple command line interface
List of RNA-Seq bioinformatics tools
List_of_RNA-Seq_bioinformatics_tools
J Natl Cancer Institute 94(7), 482–490, 2002. Liang et al.: "The quantitative trait gene latexin influences the size of the hematopoietic stem cell population
TIG1
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
Boy/Male
Muslim
Expression
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Expressions
Girl/Female
Tamil
Abbynayha | அபà¯à®ªà¯à®¯à¯à®¨à®¾à®¯à¯à®¹à®¾
Expressions
Abbynayha | அபà¯à®ªà¯à®¯à¯à®¨à®¾à®¯à¯à®¹à®¾
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
Art of Expressing Acting; Expression
Boy/Male
Tamil
Expression
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : unexplained.Irish (County Kerry) : reduced form of Tramant, which MacLysaght describes as ‘a family of pre-Norman origin’.
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Grace Expression
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : metonymic occupational name for a trapper or hunter, from Middle English trayne, Old French traine ‘guile’, ‘snare’, ‘trap’.English (Devon) : topographic name from Middle English atte trewen ‘at the trees’, or a habitational name from any of the places named with this phrase, for example Train, Traine, or Trewyn, all in Devon.
Girl/Female
Indian
Cheerful expression
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Expression
Male
Vietnamese
Vietnamese name TRAI means "oyster."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Expression
Girl/Female
Indian
Expressions
Girl/Female
Tamil
Expressions
Boy/Male
Indian
Expression
Girl/Female
Tamil
Expression
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Straight.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Cheerful expression
Girl/Female
Indian
Expressions
Girl/Female
Sikh
Expression
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT-LOCI