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Outermost layer of an atmosphere
The exosphere (/ˈɛksoʊsfɪər, ˈɛɡzoʊ-/; from Ancient Greek ἔξω (éxō) 'outer, outside' and -sphere) is a thin, atmosphere-like volume surrounding a planet
Exosphere
Gas layer surrounding planet Mercury
planets, has a very tenuous and highly variable atmosphere (surface-bound exosphere) containing hydrogen, helium, oxygen, sodium, calcium, potassium and water
Atmosphere_of_Mercury
Entertainment venue in the Las Vegas Valley, United States
specifically to produce material for Sphere. Exosphere A daytime view of the exosphere in January 2024 The exosphere as viewed from the Strat observation tower
Sphere_(venue)
Gas layer surrounding Earth
stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere (formally the ionosphere), and exosphere. Air composition, temperature and atmospheric pressure vary with altitude
Atmosphere_of_Earth
First planet from the Sun
another 88 Earth days. Above the planet's surface is an extremely tenuous exosphere and a faint magnetic field just strong enough to deflect solar winds.
Mercury_(planet)
Australian-bred Thoroughbred racehorse
Exosphere (25 August 2012 - 14 August 2024) was a retired Thoroughbred racehorse trained and bred in Australia. He won the Golden Rose Stakes, a Group
Exosphere_(horse)
Very scant presence of gases around the Moon
very sparse layer of gases surrounding the Moon, consisting only of an exosphere. For most practical purposes, the Moon is considered to be surrounded
Atmosphere_of_the_Moon
NASA mission to Mercury
behavior of the exosphere. Investigate the processes that generate and maintain the exosphere. Determine the relationship between exospheric and surface composition
MESSENGER
ESA/JAXA mission to study Mercury in orbit (2018–present)
"tenuous surface-bounded exosphere" containing hydrogen, helium, oxygen, sodium, calcium, potassium and other trace elements. Its exosphere is not stable as atoms
BepiColombo
Layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere
Earth's five primary atmospheric layers: exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere (not to scale).
Stratosphere
Layer of the Earth's atmosphere above the mesosphere and below the exosphere
in the Earth's atmosphere directly above the mesosphere and below the exosphere. Within this layer of the atmosphere, ultraviolet radiation causes
Thermosphere
Third planet from the Sun
and life on Earth probably would not exist in its current form. The exosphere is where the atmosphere thins out into the magnetosphere, where the geomagnetic
Earth
Atmospheric effect caused by the solar wind
electrons and protons, precipitate into the upper atmosphere (thermosphere/exosphere). The resulting ionization and excitation of atmospheric constituents
Aurora
Ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere
region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role
Ionosphere
Indian orbiter mission to Mars (2013–2022)
Major Planum The Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) reported altitude profiles of argon-40 in the Martian exosphere from four orbits during
Mars_Orbiter_Mission
Dwarf planet in the asteroid belt
an extant exosphere have been attempted including ballistic trajectory, DSMC, and polar cap numerical models. Results showed a water exosphere half-life
Ceres_(dwarf_planet)
Largest natural satellite of Pluto
significant atmosphere. There has been speculation about an extremely thin exosphere surrounding the moon contributing to the formation of dark regions such
Charon_(moon)
Fast-flowing atmospheric air current
e Earth's atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause Thermopause / Exobase Ozone layer Turbopause
Jet_stream
Planetary system consisting of the Sun and objects orbiting it
Patrick L.; et al. (2009). "Mercury's Atmosphere: A Surface-Bounded Exosphere". Space Science Reviews. 131 (1–4): 161–186. Bibcode:2007SSRv..131..161D
Solar_System
Layer of gases surrounding an astronomical body held by gravity
For the Earth, the exosphere is at an altitude of 500 km, while it is around 210 km for Venus and Mars. On Earth, the exosphere extends to roughly 10
Atmosphere
Branch of space physics and aeronomy
especially on the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Though physically distinct, space weather is analogous to the terrestrial
Space_weather
Gas giant exoplanet orbiting HD 209458
the planet that reaches 10,000 K (10,000 °C; 20,000 °F). The hydrogen exosphere extends to a distance RH=3.1 RJ, much larger than the planetary radius
HD_209458_b
Lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere
The atmosphere of the Earth is in five layers: (i) the exosphere at 600+ km; (ii) the thermosphere at 600 km; (iii) the mesosphere at 95–120 km; (iv)
Troposphere
Living and non-living things on Earth
or decreases with altitude. From highest to lowest, these layers are: Exosphere: The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere extends from the exobase upward
Natural_environment
Planned spacecraft mission
Observatory, previously called Global Lyman-alpha Imagers of the Dynamic Exosphere (GLIDE), is a NASA mission led by the University of Illinois, which will
Carruthers Geocorona Observatory
Carruthers_Geocorona_Observatory
Region of the stratosphere
e Earth's atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause Thermopause / Exobase Ozone layer Turbopause
Ozone_layer
Natural satellite orbiting Earth
wind with Earth wind. The Moon has an atmosphere consisting of only an exosphere, which is so tenuous as to be nearly vacuum, with a total mass of less
Moon
Former NASA Lunar mission
orbited the Moon's equator, using its instruments to study the lunar exosphere and dust in the Moon's vicinity. Instruments included a dust detector
LADEE
Region of Earth's atmosphere
between the altitudes of about 80 and 700 kilometres (50 and 435 mi) The exosphere, which on Earth lies between the altitudes of about 700 kilometres (435 mi)
Upper_atmosphere
Layer of the atmosphere directly above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere
Diagram showing the five primary layers of the Earth's atmosphere: exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. From Earths surface
Mesosphere
Second-largest moon of Jupiter
depending on the solar zenith angle and orbital position. Because this exosphere is considered non-collisional and would be depleted by atmospheric escape
Callisto_(moon)
Conventional definition of the edge of space
could vary considerably: If one were to consider the thermosphere and exosphere part of the atmosphere and not of space, one might have to extend the
Kármán_line
Upper boundary of the thermosphere
constant is thus expressed at the thermopause. Beyond (above) this, the exosphere describes the thinnest remainder of atmospheric particles with large mean
Thermopause
Popular theme in science fiction
Earth cutaway from core to exosphere. Partially to scale
Travel_to_the_Earth's_center
Plutino with a thin atmosphere
than Pluto's atmosphere, but about 100 to 200 times denser than Europa's exosphere. At this pressure, 2002 XV93's atmosphere is dense enough (>0.001 nanobar)
(612533)_2002_XV93
2022 American film by Sean McNamara
Entertainment Lightstream Pictures Pandemonium Films Firstep Productions Exosphere Entertainment Distributed by Gravitas Ventures Release date January 21
The King's Daughter (2022 film)
The_King's_Daughter_(2022_film)
Chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen
Atmosphere of Mercury: 3.4%, and large amounts of water in Mercury's exosphere Atmosphere of Venus: 0.002% Earth's atmosphere: ≈0.40% over full atmosphere
Water
Sub-Neptune orbiting the red dwarf K2-18
the photodissociation of water, thus forming an extended hydrogen-rich exosphere that can escape from the planet. The X-ray and UV fluxes that K2-18b receives
K2-18b
Ezekiel's prophetic vision of a city
(New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 2014), p. 417 Exosphere#Earth.27s exosphere NASA.gov Averky (Taushev), Archbishop; Fr. Seraphim (Rose) (1998)
New_Jerusalem
Upper boundary of the stratosphere
e Earth's atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause Thermopause / Exobase Ozone layer Turbopause
Stratopause
Boundary between the mesosphere and thermosphere
e Earth's atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause Thermopause / Exobase Ozone layer Turbopause
Mesopause
Luminous part of the outermost region of the Earth's atmosphere
luminous part of the outermost region of the Earth's atmosphere, called the exosphere. It is seen primarily via far-ultraviolet light (Lyman-alpha) from the
Geocorona
Fields of natural science related to Earth
change. The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere are the five layers which make up Earth's atmosphere. Seventy-five percent
Earth_science
Large, round non-stellar astronomical object
(2008). "MESSENGER Observations of the Composition of Mercury's Ionized Exosphere and Plasma Environment". Science. 321 (5885): 90–92. Bibcode:2008Sci.
Planet
Gas layer surrounding Uranus
pressures of between 0.1 and 10−10 bar; and the hot thermosphere (and exosphere) extending from an altitude of 4,000 km to several Uranian radii from
Atmosphere_of_Uranus
Chemical element with atomic number 11 (Na)
also been detected in numerous Solar System environments, including the exospheres of Mercury and the Moon, and numerous other bodies. Some comets have a
Sodium
Second-largest moon of Saturn
atmosphere—an exosphere. It consists of oxygen and carbon dioxide in proportion of roughly 5 to 2. The surface density of the exosphere is from 105 to
Rhea_(moon)
Planet outside of the Solar System
S2CID 201651224. Gebek, Andrea; Oza, Apurva (29 July 2020). "Alkaline exospheres of exoplanet systems: evaporative transmission spectra". Monthly Notices
Exoplanet
Chinese lunar lander and rover (2013–Present)
of detecting objects at a brightness as low as magnitude 13. The thin exosphere and slow rotation of the Moon allow extremely long, uninterrupted observations
Chang'e_3
1997 film by Robert Zemeckis
three-minute CGI sequence, beginning with a view of Earth from high in the exosphere and listening to numerous radio broadcasts emitting from the planet. The
Contact_(1997_American_film)
Moon of Saturn
ions (O+ 2) around Dione, so thin that scientists prefer to call it an exosphere rather than a tenuous atmosphere. The density of molecular oxygen ions
Dione_(moon)
Orbit around Earth between 160 and 2000 km
gases in the thermosphere (approximately 80–600 km above the surface) or exosphere (approximately 600 km or 400 mi and higher), depending on orbit height
Low_Earth_orbit
Sixth and most recent crewed Moon landing
2022. Zook, H. A.; Potter, A. E.; Cooper, B. L. (1995). "The Lunar Dust Exosphere and Clementine Lunar Horizon Glow". Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary
Apollo_17
Design, construction, use, and application of robots
Role of AI in Robots". The Stellify. Retrieved 2024-08-29. "Synthiam Exosphere combines AI, human operators to train robots". The Robot Report. Archived
Robotics
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
study the density and composition of the upper thermosphere and lower exosphere. It was a reflight of the failed Explorer S-56 mission, and consisted
Explorer_9
Height in relation to a specified reference point
kilometres (53 mi) Thermosphere: Mesosphere to 675 kilometres (419 mi) Exosphere: Thermosphere to 10,000 kilometres (6,200 mi) The Kármán line, at an altitude
Altitude
Fields of natural science related to Earth
Earth (its air) By altitude Exosphere – The outermost layer of an atmosphere Exobase – The lower boundary of the exosphere Thermopause – The upper boundary
Outline_of_Earth_science
2003 studio album by Carbon Based Lifeforms
Running" 7:05 5. "Neurotransmitter" 7:28 6. "Hydroponic Garden" 9:12 7. "Exosphere" 5:05 8. "Comsat" 7:08 9. "Epicentre" 5:57 10. "Artificial Island" 5:11
Hydroponic_Garden_(album)
Comprehensive list of objects beyond Neptune
Phoebe Triton Vesta Pallas Mesoplanet Planemo Consensus Ceres geology exosphere Orcus Vanth Pluto geology atmosphere moons Haumea moons ring Makemake
List of trans-Neptunian objects
List_of_trans-Neptunian_objects
Biogeochemical cycle for movement of water on Earth
elements such as Hydrogen to move up to the exobase, the lower limit of the exosphere, where the gases can then reach escape velocity, entering outer space
Water_cycle
Rate of temperature increase with depth in Earth's interior
Earth cutaway from core to exosphere
Geothermal_gradient
turbopause. Density profiles are determined by a single master variable, the exospheric temperature. The statistical accuracy of the model is approximately 15%
Jacchia_Reference_Atmosphere
Failed Russian lunar lander
instruments for analyzing lunar regolith and measuring plasma in the exosphere. Luna 25 lifted off on August 10, 2023, at 23:10 UTC, atop a Soyuz-2.1b
Luna_25
Boundary between troposphere and stratosphere
e Earth's atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause Thermopause / Exobase Ozone layer Turbopause
Tropopause
Indian lunar mission (2019–Present)
to study lunar topography, mineralogy, elemental abundance, the lunar exosphere, and signatures of hydroxyl and water ice; to study the water ice in the
Chandrayaan-2
NASA space mission to Jupiter and Europa
provide valuable data about the composition and dynamics of the moon's exosphere. The principal investigator is Kurt Retherford of Southwest Research Institute
Europa_Clipper
Ultraviolet spectrograph imager
will provide data about the composition and dynamics of Europa's thin exosphere. The Principal Investigator is Kurt Retherford of the Southwest Research
Europa Ultraviolet Spectrograph
Europa_Ultraviolet_Spectrograph
Sending probes to the solar system's smallest major planet
determine the volatile inventory at the poles. study the nature of Mercury's exosphere. BepiColombo consists of two spacecraft: the Mercury Planetary Orbiter
Exploration_of_Mercury
Celestial event caused by streams of meteoroids entering Earth's atmosphere
2014). "Impact Vaporization as a Possible Source of Mercury's Calcium Exosphere". Icarus. 250: 230–237. Bibcode:2015Icar..250..230K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus
Meteor_shower
Eighth planet from the Sun
10−4 bars (1 to 10 Pa). The thermosphere gradually transitions to the exosphere. Models suggest that Neptune's troposphere is banded by clouds of varying
Neptune
Planned Russian lunar lander
15 science instruments that will analyse the regolith, plasma in the exosphere, dust, and seismic activity.[needs update] Europe's participation in the
Luna_27
Natural movement of air or other gases relative to a planet's surface
elements such as hydrogen to move up to the exobase, the lower limit of the exosphere, where the gases can then reach escape velocity, entering outer space
Wind
British ambient band formed in 1991
Firmament III and Firmament IV EPs plus Deliquecence Tau (CD – 2002) Exosphere Exosphere (CD – 2003) Surcease (2006) List of ambient music artists Colin Larkin
Main_(band)
NASA program contracting commercial transportation services to the Moon
surface. Surface and Exosphere Alterations by Landers, another landing monitor to study the effects of spacecraft on the lunar exosphere. Navigation Doppler
Commercial Lunar Payload Services
Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services
an Exo-Brake, a parachute-like drag device for use in the low-pressure exosphere of Low Earth Orbit. This is the first part of a three part return system
Small_Payload_Quick_Return
ring system may be due to aerodynamic drag from the extended Uranian exosphere. The rings of Uranus are thought to be relatively young, and not more
Rings_of_Uranus
composition of the Earth's tenuous upper atmosphere, from the mesosphere to the exosphere, including the ionosphere.[citation needed] This region is affected strongly
Upper-atmospheric_models
Science of measuring the shape, orientation, and gravity of Earth
Prebiotic atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Weather Climate Climate system Energy balance Climate change Climate variability
Geodesy
Largest moon of Jupiter
Despite the Voyager data, evidence for a tenuous oxygen atmosphere (exosphere) on Ganymede, very similar to the one found on Europa, was found by the
Ganymede_(moon)
Smallest Galilean moon of Jupiter
atmosphere of Europa can be categorized as thin and tenuous (often called an exosphere), primarily composed of oxygen and trace amounts of water vapor. However
Europa_(moon)
Meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere and leaves again
mesosphere (~85 km or 53 mi), and thermosphere (~690 km or 430 mi) up to the exosphere (~10,000 km or 6,200 mi) (see also thermopause). For example, a meteoroid
Earth-grazing_fireball
Science of the upper region of the Earth's or other planetary atmospheres
space and is defined as consisting of the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere and their ionized component, the ionosphere. Terrestrial aeronomy contrasts
Aeronomy
Ring of cosmic dust orbiting an astronomical object
The relative lack of dust is due to aerodynamic drag from the extended exosphere-corona of Uranus. The system around Neptune consists of five principal
Ring_system
Process by which atoms or molecules acquire charge by gaining or losing electrons
alters the movements of charged particles in the Earth's thermosphere or exosphere, and the resulting ionization of these particles causes them to emit light
Ionization
American space program to study Jupiter (1989–2003)
to possess a magnetic field and the spacecraft found new evidence for exospheres around Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. Galileo also discovered that Jupiter's
Galileo_project
Altitude in the Earth's atmosphere below which turbulent mixing dominates
e Earth's atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause Thermopause / Exobase Ozone layer Turbopause
Turbopause
Gas layer surrounding Mars
hydrogen-containing compounds in the lower atmosphere and diffuses to the exosphere. The exospheric H2 then decomposes into hydrogen atoms, and the atoms that have
Atmosphere_of_Mars
S2CID 202134796. Gebek, Andrea; Oza, Apurva (29 July 2020). "Alkaline exospheres of exoplanet systems: evaporative transmission spectra". Monthly Notices
List_of_exomoon_candidates
American astronomer
upper atmosphere, the appearance of the night-glow from space in Earth's exosphere and geocorona. The book also dealt with the polar aurora, auroral arcs
Franklin_E._Roach
Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne)
(LADEE) spacecraft, NASA scientists reported the detection of neon in the exosphere of the moon. Neon is the first p-block noble gas and the first element
Neon
Void between celestial bodies
around Earth The outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere is termed the exosphere. It extends outward from the thermopause, which lies at an altitude that
Outer_space
Concept for energy flows to and from Earth
Prebiotic atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Weather Climate Climate system Energy balance Climate change Climate variability
Earth's_energy_budget
Gas layer surrounding Jupiter
atmospheric layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. Each layer has characteristic temperature gradients. The lowest layer
Atmosphere_of_Jupiter
Hot Super-Earth orbiting CoRoT-7
transit, searching for emission and absorption lines originating in the exosphere of the planet, failed to detect any significant feature. Spectral lines
CoRoT-7b
Google Doodle games
which take place in the Earth's tropo-, strato-, meso-, thermo-, and exospheres, respectively. In the process, Momo fends off against various natural
Magic_Cat_Academy
Chinese lunar sample-return mission
lunar dust and other volatiles between the lunar regolith and the lunar exosphere, including the water cycle. The Italian instrument INRRI (INstrument for
Chang'e_6
Atmospheric model of Earth
the model. E indicates that the model extends from the ground through exosphere and 00 is the year of release. Over the years since introduction, NRLMSISE-00
NRLMSISE-00
Hot Jupiter exoplanet in the constellation Vulpecula
gigagrams per second. This indication was found by detecting the extended exosphere of atomic hydrogen. HD 189733 b is the second planet after HD 209458 b
HD_189733_b
1999 animated film by Brad Bird
colliding with it high above Earth and detonating it harmlessly in the exosphere, apparently sacrificing himself. Months later, Annie and Dean admire a
The_Iron_Giant
2022 uncrewed Moon-orbiting NASA mission
spectrometer to detect water and organic compounds in the lunar surface and exosphere. Contact was lost soon after launch. Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper ("LunaH-Map")
Artemis_I
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
Girl/Female
Muslim
Sort of candy
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Matted Hair; Mud; Heaven; Sky
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu
Gold; Pure
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, German
Summer Season; Place Name
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Lord of the Earth
Girl/Female
British, English
Beaver-stream
Girl/Female
Tamil
Rajvika | ராஜà¯à®µà®¿à®•à®¾Â
Goddess Saraswati
Girl/Female
Arabic Muslim
Love.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Another Name for Lord Murugan
Boy/Male
Scottish Irish
From the craggy hills.' Tor is a name for a craggy hilltop and also may refer to a watchtower.
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE