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Alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary
The Dual Alliance (German: Zweibund, Hungarian: Kettős Szövetség) was a defensive alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary, which was created by treaty
Dual_Alliance_(1879)
Topics referred to by the same term
Dual Alliance may refer to: The Dual Alliance (1879) between Germany and Austria-Hungary The Franco-Russian Alliance or Dual Alliance of 1894, between
Dual_Alliance
Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
counter Russian and French interests in Europe, an alliance was concluded with Germany in October 1879 and with Italy in May 1882. Italy had several motives
Triple_Alliance_(1882)
1892–1917 military alliance
Franco-Russian Alliance (French: Alliance Franco-Russe, Russian: Франко-Русский Альянс, romanized: Franko-Russkiy Al'yans), also known as the Dual Entente or
Franco-Russian_Alliance
from power, and the treaty was allowed to lapse in favor of the Dual Alliance (1879) between Germany and Austria-Hungary, signed in response to rising
Causes_of_World_War_I
1905-06 disagreement between France, Germany, and Britain over control of Morocco
all military leave (15 June) and Germany threatened to sign a defensive alliance with the Sultan (22 June). French Prime Minister Maurice Rouvier refused
First_Moroccan_Crisis
Chancellor of Germany from 1871 to 1890
events would later be a factor in Bismarck's signing the Dual Alliance with Austria-Hungary in 1879. In October 1857, Frederick William IV suffered a paralysing
Otto_von_Bismarck
Military coalition in World War I
Quadruple Alliance. The Central Powers' origin was the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879. Despite having nominally joined the Triple Alliance before
Central_Powers
German foreign policy since 1871
Rapprochement, 1872–1879: From the Battle of Sedan to the Dual Alliance (1976). online review. Weitsman, Patricia A. (2004), Dangerous alliances: proponents of
History of German foreign policy
History_of_German_foreign_policy
Series of uprisings against Ottoman rule in Southeastern Europe in the 1870s
and Gusinje (1879–1880) Uprising of Sheikh Ubeydullah (1879–1880) Pact of Halepa (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Urabi revolt (1879–1882) 1879–1881 Anatolian
Great_Eastern_Crisis
Early 20th-century understandings between France, Russia, and Great Britain
and French interests in Europe, the Dual alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary was concluded in October 1879 and with Italy in May 1882. The situation
Triple_Entente
Historical political situation in Europe
the Balkans, Germany and Austria-Hungary thus concluded the Dual Alliance (Zweibund) in 1879. On September 18, 1885, a rebellion and a coup in the Ottoman
Bulgarian_Crisis_(1885–1888)
Eastern European military alliance (1955–1991)
Pact" commonly refers to both the treaty itself and its resultant military alliance, the Warsaw Pact Organisation (WPO; also known as the Warsaw Treaty Organization
Warsaw_Pact
1902–1922 defence pact
The Anglo-Japanese Alliance (日英同盟, Nichi-Ei Dōmei) was an alliance between the United Kingdom and the Empire of Japan which was effective from 1902 to
Anglo-Japanese_Alliance
1911–1912 war in Libya and the Aegean Sea
Those measures were intended to loosen Italian commitment to the Triple Alliance and thereby weaken Germany, which France and Britain viewed as their main
Italo-Turkish_War
1907 treaty between the United Kingdom and Russia
discussions at the time. On 20 May 1882, Germany entered into the Triple Alliance with Italy and Austria-Hungary, complementing its industrial and socio-political
Anglo-Russian_Convention
1797 treaty during the War of the First Coalition
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Campo_Formio
1904 agreements between the UK and France
decided not to join the Triple Alliance, broke off the negotiations with Berlin, and revived the idea of a British-French alliance. When the Russo-Japanese
Entente_Cordiale
1914 shooting in Sarajevo
during this period the Serbian Government briefly fell to a political alliance led by the Serbian Military. The military favoured promoting Jovan Jovanović
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand
Peace treaty between France and Austria signed on 14 October 1809
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Schönbrunn
1918 treaty between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers
1080/19475020.2012.761393. S2CID 155031381. Freund, Gerald (1957). Unholy Alliance: Russian-German Relations from the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk to the Treaty
Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk
1868 document governing Croatia's political status in Hungary
When the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 created the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy, the Habsburg crownlands of Croatia and Slavonia were effectively
Croatian–Hungarian_Settlement
1606 peace treaty
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Zsitvatorok
1912–1913 conflicts in Balkan states
political and military alliance between Montenegro and Serbia was achieved. By the end of September 1912, Bulgaria had formal-written alliances with Serbia, Greece
Balkan_Wars
1866–1871 consolidation of German states
Treaty establishing the North German Confederation, initially a military alliance de facto dominated by the Kingdom of Prussia, which was subsequently deepened
Unification_of_Germany
Austria-Hungary–Kingdom of Serbia trade war
shown by the trade statistics of the period in question: Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 Clark, Christopher M. (2012). The Sleepwalkers : How Europe Went
Pig_War_(1906–1908)
Crisis triggered by Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908
Triple Alliance treaties with Austria-Hungary. However, this did not happen and this became one of the reasons for Italy to break its alliance with Austria-Hungary
Bosnian_Crisis
1911 diplomatic crisis
between Britain and France, and possibly intimidating Britain into an alliance with Germany. Germany was also enforcing compensation claims for acceptance
Agadir_Crisis
1908 restoration of constitutional rule in the Ottoman Empire
important revolutionary organizations opposing Abdul Hamid II, and its alliance with Young Turk factions helped transform unrest in eastern Anatolia into
Young_Turk_Revolution
1772 division of Polish–Lithuania
was also interested in finding a peaceful solution. The Russo-Prussian alliance would draw him into a potential war against Austria, and the Seven Years'
First_Partition_of_Poland
Establishment of Austria-Hungary
Hungarian: kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary, which was a military and diplomatic alliance of the two sovereign states. The Compromise
Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
Austro-Hungarian_Compromise_of_1867
Agreement between the Principality of Transylvania and Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Speyer_(1570)
Peace treaty
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Szeged
1909 secret agreement between Italy and Russia
1875–1878 Campaign in Bosnia 1878 Dual Alliance 1879 Boer Wars 1880–1902 Austro–Serbian Alliance 1881–1903 Triple Alliance 1882 Berlin Conference 1884 Bulgarian
Racconigi_Bargain
Diplomacy and wars of six largest powers in the world
(1997) pp 306-7. Solomon Wank and Barbara Jelavich, "The Impact of the Dual Alliance on the Germans in Austria and Vice-Versa," East Central Europe (1980)
International relations (1814–1919)
International_relations_(1814–1919)
1940 World War II mutual defense treaty
order) and in the presence of Adolf Hitler. It was a defensive military alliance that was eventually joined by Hungary (20 November 1940), Romania (23 November
Tripartite_Pact
Treaty ending the Austro-Turkish War (1664)
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Vasvár
Early 20th-century arms race between the United Kingdom and Germany
Russia from an alliance with France; the Russian search for allies who could finance their enormous debts resulted in the Franco-Russian Alliance several years
Anglo-German_naval_arms_race
1898 Anglo-French dispute in East Africa
1875–1878 Campaign in Bosnia 1878 Dual Alliance 1879 Boer Wars 1880–1902 Austro–Serbian Alliance 1881–1903 Triple Alliance 1882 Berlin Conference 1884 Bulgarian
Fashoda_Incident
1358 treaty between Venice and Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Zadar
1538 agreement between claimants to the Hungarian throne
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Nagyvárad
Debate about the German responsibility in World War I
France, Russia, and the United Kingdom (and its Empire); and the Triple Alliance of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, and Italy (the "Central Powers")
War_guilt_question
League of Nations' charter
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Covenant of the League of Nations
Covenant_of_the_League_of_Nations
1479 treaty between Hungary and Bohemia
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Olomouc
1878 meeting of representatives of the major European powers
Beaconsfield (Disraeli) had already concluded the Cyprus Convention, a secret alliance with the Ottomans against Russia in which Britain was allowed to occupy
Congress_of_Berlin
1949–1991 international economic union
Planned economy Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Spartakiad Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America Visegrád Group Craiova Group Warsaw Pact
Comecon
1547 treaty between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Truce_of_Adrianople
Expansion of the European Union
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Accession_2003
1940 territorial settlement between the kingdoms of Romania and Hungary
Hitler that Germany dispatch a military mission to Romania and renew the alliance of 1883. Germany used Romania's new desperation to force a revision of
Second_Vienna_Award
1711 treaty ending Rákóczi's War of Independence
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Szatmár
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Budapest_Convention_of_1877
1412 treaty between Poland and Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Lubowla
Calendar year
1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1879th
1879
1568 peace treaty ending the Austrian-Turkish War
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Adrianople_(1568)
1938 treaty on Hungary's boundaries
Slovak-Hungarian relations in the mirror of the Soviet-German conflictive alliance (1939–1941), in: Prague Papers on the History of International Relations
First_Vienna_Award
1876 treaty between Austria-Hungary and Russia
Convention) by historians for the sake of brevity. Both emperors were in an alliance with each other and the German Empire in the League of the Three Emperors
Reichstadt_Agreement
Events leading to World War I in 1914
fear that a policy of peace would lead to Germany renouncing the Dual Alliance of 1879. On that day, Tschirschky reported to Berlin that Austria-Hungary
July_Crisis
1918 convention between the Allies and Austria-Hungary
Austro-Hungarian Empire was tearing itself apart under ethnic lines, and if the Dual Monarchy were to survive, it needed to withdraw from the war. In the final
Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti
Peace treaty between Kingdom of Romania and the Central Powers
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)
1626 peace treaty
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Pressburg_(1626)
1894–1895 war between China and Japan
commercial treaties were concluded with other European countries. After 1879, China's relations with Korea came under the authority of Li Hongzhang, who
First_Sino-Japanese_War
German, Russian and Austro-Hungarian alliance (1873–78; 1881-87)
gained too much power. The body's first conclusion in 1879 gave way to the defensive Dual Alliance between Austria-Hungary and Germany to counter potential
League_of_the_Three_Emperors
Peace treaty signed on 31 December 1621
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Nikolsburg
Peace treaty from 1606
bécsi békekötés létrejöttének története. Erdélyi Múzeum, VI. évf. 1. sz. (1879. jan. 1.)[History of making the Treaty of Vienna in 1606]. Az 1606. évi bécsi
Treaty_of_Vienna_(1606)
1491 peace treaty between Austria and Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Pressburg_(1491)
1463 peace treaty between Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire
the inheritance of the Hungarian throne after Matthias, overruling the alliance between Matthias and Albert and forbade him to remarry after the death
Treaty_of_Wiener_Neustadt
1515 conference of European monarchs
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
First_Congress_of_Vienna
Peace treaty signed by the Kingdom of Poland and the Kingdom of Hungary in 1474
against Matthias. So Casimir approached Emperor Frederick to create an alliance against the Hungarian king. The negotiations were discontinued from October
Treaty_of_Ófalu
1478 treaty between Hungary and Bohemia
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Brno_(1478)
Pope Alexander's enemy, during the war with the Byzantine Empire. The alliance, despite its reasonable military considerations, was strongly opposed by
Concordat_of_1169
1921 treaty between the United States and Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
U.S.–Hungarian_Peace_Treaty
1924 multilateral agreement
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Protocol for the reconstruction of Hungary
Protocol_for_the_reconstruction_of_Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Oath_of_Bereg
German state from 1871 to 1918
concluded the Dual Alliance with Austria-Hungary in 1879 and fostered close ties to the Ottoman Empire; the former expanded into the Triple Alliance with Italy
German_Empire
1528 alliance between France and Hungary
A Franco-Hungarian alliance was formed in October 1528 between King Francis I of France and King John Zápolya of Hungary. France had already been looking
Franco-Hungarian alliance in 1528
Franco-Hungarian_alliance_in_1528
1161 Agreement between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Papal States
European powers led to the formation of two coalitions in the late 1140s. One alliance was formed by the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Conrad III of
Concordat_of_1161
1271 treaty between Bohemia and Hungary
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Peace_of_Pressburg_(1271)
representatives of the towns in question took place in 1412. The actual alliance arose between 1440 and 1445. The main role of the Pentapolitana was to
Pentapolitana
1920 peace treaty on Hungary after World War I
quickly by the entry of most European powers into the First World War. Two alliances faced off, the Central Powers (led by Germany) and the Triple Entente
Treaty_of_Trianon
1541 treaty between Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I and Isabella Jagiellon
Budapest Convention of 1877 (1877) Treaty of Berlin (1878) Dual Alliance (1879) Triple Alliance (1882) Boxer Protocol (1901) Treaty of London (1913) Armistice
Treaty_of_Gyalu
Anti-Socialist Laws League of the Three Emperors Kissingen Dictation (Dual Alliance, Triple Alliance, Reinsurance Treaty) Treaty of Berlin State Socialism (Bismarck
Bismarck_cabinet
A military alliance is a legally binding treaty between two or more parties in which the contracting parties agree to mutually protect one another militarily
List_of_military_alliances
born with dual nationality and persons who naturalized were not required to renounce other nationality. Under the 1992 law conditional dual nationality
Bissau-Guinean nationality law
Bissau-Guinean_nationality_law
Anti-Socialist Laws League of the Three Emperors Kissingen Dictation (Dual Alliance, Triple Alliance, Reinsurance Treaty) Treaty of Berlin State Socialism (Bismarck
Bismarck-Roon_cabinet
Hungarian diplomat
of the Dual Alliance of 1879 and he sought to maintain the alliance on the basis of equality. The deteriorating military fortunes of the Dual Monarchy
Prince Gottfried von Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
Prince_Gottfried_von_Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
History of the Czech lands (Bohemia and Moravia)
The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 established the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary (also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire). The two parts of
Lands of the Bohemian Crown (1867–1918)
Lands_of_the_Bohemian_Crown_(1867–1918)
1867–1918 dual monarchy in Central Europe
a defensive alliance with Germany in October 1879 and in May 1882. In October 1882 Italy joined this partnership in the Triple Alliance largely because
Austria-Hungary
Habsburg monarch from 1848 to 1916
referred to as the Austrian Empire, but in 1867 they were reconstituted as the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. From 1 May 1850 to 24 August 1866, he was also
Franz_Joseph_I
Political and military conference of the Central Powers
advocated for intensifying the war effort of the Dual Monarchy within the framework of the Quadruple Alliance. This approach was opposed by Chancellor Theobald
Kreuznach Conference (17–18 May 1917)
Kreuznach_Conference_(17–18_May_1917)
Academic and human rights advocate
Since the launch of the Alliance, Diamond has collaborated on a documentary with BBC Panorama to highlight that the arrest of dual and foreign nationals
Ana_Diamond
German term for Chancellor Bismarck's dogs
Museums, Social Life, Manners, and Amusements, Volume 1 London: Tinsley, 1879, OCLC 833338207, p. 420. Bryce, p. 126. Wolfgang Wippermann, "Biche und Blondi
Reichshund
Higher education institution in Cologne, Germany
in 1833, and renamed Trade College of the City of Cologne on 15 December 1879. TH Köln is the largest University of Applied Sciences in Germany by number
Cologne University of Applied Sciences
Cologne_University_of_Applied_Sciences
19th-century British diplomatic practice
Balkans, with Germany and Austria-Hungary forming the 1879 Dual Alliance. This became the Triple Alliance in 1882 with the addition of Italy. Unlike his successors
Splendid_isolation
1866 war in Europe
Austro-Prussian dualism, with neither side allowed to become too powerful. Confessional division also played an important role in German dualism, and there
Austro-Prussian_War
1871 unification of the German states
whether a united Germany would include or exclude Austria complicated the alliance of German states after the Napoleonic Wars. According to the Prussian minister
Proclamation of the German Empire
Proclamation_of_the_German_Empire
Global conflict from 1914 to 1918
interest. Germany and Austria-Hungary then formed the 1879 Dual Alliance, which became the Triple Alliance when Italy joined in 1882. For Bismarck, the purpose
World_War_I
Pejorative term used in certain German historic eras
community, they – finally – wanted to be part thereof." The Nazi regime used the dual terminology of Volks- und Staatsfeinde, meaning "enemies of the people and
Reichsfeinde
King of the United Kingdom from 1901 to 1910
Ludwig", Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: 1879, Oldenburg: Schulze, 1879, p. 35, archived from the original on 29 August 2020, retrieved
Edward_VII
Vice-Chancellor of Germany (1837–1896)
was instrumental in the development of the Dual Alliance with Austria which was concluded in Autumn 1879. He also supported Bismarck's Anti-Socialist
Otto Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode
Otto_Graf_zu_Stolberg-Wernigerode
Study of lichen taxonomy and evolution
work backing the fungal–algal alliance. Albert Frank coined "symbiose" in 1877 (de Bary anglicised it to "symbiosis" in 1879), recasting the partnership
Lichen_systematics
travel, tourism, insurance
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