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Computer file
A data file is a computer file which stores data to be used by a computer application or system, including input and output data. A data file usually
Data_file
Proprietary file system developed by Microsoft
several files hidden from the user to store metadata about other files stored on the drive which can help improve speed and performance when reading data. In
NTFS
compressed file ARC – pre-Zip data compression ARJ – ARJ compressed file BZ2 – bzip2 CAB – A cabinet file is a library of compressed files stored as one file. Cabinet
List_of_file_formats
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up file, files, or filing in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. File, Files, or filing may refer to: File (tool), used for removing fine amounts of
File
Process of salvaging inaccessible data from corrupted or damaged secondary storage
secondary storage, removable media or files, when the data stored in them cannot be accessed in a usual way. The data is most often salvaged from storage
Data_recovery
Computer file operation
where data is sent to a remote system. A download is a file offered for downloading or that has been downloaded, or the process of receiving such a file. Downloading
Download
Computer resource for recording data on a storage device
A computer file is a named collection of data treated as a unit by the system that manages it. Today, this system is called a file system. Many older
Computer_file
Data about other data
museum collections, digital audio files, websites, etc.). Describing the contents and context of data or data files increases its usefulness. For example
Metadata
Type of file format
The Spatial Data File (SDF) is a single-user geodatabase file format developed by Autodesk. The file format is the native spatial data storage format for
Spatial_Data_File
Errors in computer data that introduce unintended changes to the original data
to provide end-to-end data integrity, or lack of errors. In general, when data corruption occurs, a file containing that data will produce unexpected
Data_corruption
Text format
CSV is a form of delimiter-separated values. A CSV file is a file that contains CSV-formatted data. CSV is not limited to a particular character encoding
Comma-separated_values
A file signature is data used to identify or verify the content of a file. Such signatures are also known as magic numbers or magic bytes and are usually
List_of_file_signatures
Discrete, discontinuous representation of information
storage, file hosting services, databases, data warehouses, spreadsheets, archives, tapes, off-site or cloud backups, mobile devices etc.). Data at rest
Digital_data
Inefficient use of storage space
manage data in small, fixed-sized units called blocks or sectors, which file systems abstract into their own units called blocks or clusters. When a file system
Fragmentation_(computing)
Data file standard
Flow Cytometry Standard (FCS) is a data file standard for the reading and writing of data from flow cytometry experiments. The FCS specification has traditionally
Flow_Cytometry_Standard
Computer filing system
computer. A distributed file system is a protocol that provides file access between networked computers. A file system provides a data storage service that
File_system
Family of archive file formats
ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless data compression. A ZIP file may contain one or more files or directories that may have been compressed
ZIP_(file_format)
File system for tracking pending changes
changes in a data structure known as a "journal", which is usually a circular log. In the event of a system crash or power failure, such file systems can
Journaling_file_system
File holding settings for a computer program
A configuration file, also known as config file, is a file that stores data used to configure a software system such as an application, a server or an
Configuration_file
continent data file is a plain text format describing the list of countries by continent, suitable for automated processing. Note: This data was compiled
List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent (data file)
List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_by_continent_(data_file)
Metadata standard in digital media
audio data, and IMA-ADPCM for compressed audio data). It does not support JPEG 2000 or GIF encoded images. This standard consists of the Exif image file specification
Exif
Structure of information stored on a computer
for very particular types of data: PNG files, for example, store bitmapped images using lossless data compression. Other file formats, however, are designed
File_format
Computer file encoded in binary form
binary file is a computer file that is not a text file. The term "binary file" is often used as a term meaning "non-text file". Many binary file formats
Binary_file
Compact encoding of digital data
The process of reducing the size of a data file is often referred to as data compression. In the context of data transmission, it is called source coding:
Data_compression
Computer file containing plain text
as a sequence of lines of electronic text. A text file exists stored as data within a computer file system. In operating systems such as CP/M, where the
Text_file
Computer format for digital audio
An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called
Audio_file_format
Family of chemical file formats
Chemical table file (CT file) is a family of text-based chemical file formats that describe molecules and chemical reactions. One format, for example,
Chemical_table_file
File format and file compression program
As the file format can be decompressed via a streaming algorithm, it is commonly used in stream-based technology such as Web protocols, data interchange
Gzip
Windows Bitmap image file format family
information, and pixel data, describing the image independently of the display device; a BMP file wraps such a DIB in an additional 14-byte file header. It originated
BMP_file_format
Standard protocol for transferring files over TCP/IP networks
explanation or request (e.g., <Need account for storing file>). An ongoing transfer of file data over the data connection can be aborted using an interrupt message
File_Transfer_Protocol
File format designed to store three-dimensional data from 3D scanners
computer file format known as the Polygon File Format or the Stanford Triangle Format. It was principally designed to store three-dimensional data from 3D
PLY_(file_format)
Method used in data files
A watermark stored in a data file refers to a method for ensuring data integrity which combines aspects of data hashing and digital watermarking. Both
Watermark_(data_file)
Standardized means of organizing and storing digital images
storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using
Image_file_format
File format used to present documents
U3D or PRC, and various other data formats. The PDF specification also provides for encryption and digital signatures, file attachments, and metadata to
File format for protein data
Protein Data Bank (PDB) file format is a textual file format describing the three-dimensional structures of molecules held in the Protein Data Bank, now
Protein Data Bank (file format)
Protein_Data_Bank_(file_format)
File format for 3D printing and scanning
file. Following the header is a 4-byte little-endian unsigned integer indicating the number of triangular facets in the file. Following that is data describing
STL_(file_format)
Widely used CAD 3D data exchange file format
STEP-file is a widely used data exchange form of STEP. ISO 10303 can represent 3D objects in computer-aided design (CAD) and related information. A STEP-file
ISO_10303-21
Text format for indicating tabular data
delimited text file is a text file that stores data as DSV. Such a file can be classified as a flat-file database if, in fact, the data is database-like
Delimiter-separated_values
Computer file operation
called file copying. Uploading directly contrasts with downloading, where data is received over a network. In the case of users uploading files over the
Upload
Script file for Microsoft computer operating systems
batch of multiple data. Similar to Job Control Language (JCL), DCL and other systems on mainframe and minicomputer systems, batch files were added to ease
Batch_file
File format standard for storing audio on PCs
Interchange File Format (RIFF) bitstream format method for storing data in chunks, and thus is similar to the 8SVX and the Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF)
WAV
Geographic Data Files (GDF) is an interchange file format for geographic data. In contrast with generic GIS formats, GDF provides detailed rules for data capture
Geographic_Data_Files
Open-source distributed SQL query engine
query large data sets distributed over one or more heterogeneous data sources. Trino can query data lakes that contain a variety of file formats such
Trino_(SQL_query_engine)
Configuration file format
An INI file is a configuration file for computer software that consists of plain text with a structure and syntax comprising key–value pairs organized
INI_file
Method of overwriting data
removed data across the entire device. Permanent data erasure goes beyond basic file deletion commands, which only remove direct pointers to the data disk
Data_erasure
Shell command for reporting file type information
file is a shell command for reporting the type of data contained in a file. It is commonly supported in Unix and Unix-like operating systems. As the command
File_(command)
File format for storing digital video data
A video file format is a type of file format for storing digital video data on a computer system. Video is almost always stored using lossy compression
Video_file_format
Syntax for defining data structures
defining data structures, especially database schemas. Common examples of DDL statements include CREATE, ALTER, and DROP. If you see a .ddl file, that means
Data_definition_language
Offset that corresponds to the first byte beyond the length of a computer file
end-of-file (EOF) is a condition in a computer operating system where no more data can be read from a data source. The data source is usually called a file or
End-of-file
Data structure for query optimization in databases
databases separate the data and index blocks into separate files, others put two completely different data blocks within the same physical file(s). When multiple
Database_index
Sequence of bits or bytes of a fixed size
storing data to 9-track magnetic tape, NAND flash memory, and rotating media such as floppy disks, hard disks, and optical discs. Most file systems are
Block_(data_storage)
File format that stores chemical formulae and structures
chemical file format is a type of data file which is used specifically for depicting molecular data. One of the most widely used is the chemical table file format
Chemical_file_format
Content-addressable, peer-to-peer hypermedia distribution protocol
The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is a protocol, hypermedia and file sharing peer-to-peer network for sharing data using a distributed hash table
InterPlanetary_File_System
Distributing or providing access to digital media
networking. File sharing technologies, such as BitTorrent, are integral to modern media piracy, as well as the sharing of scientific data and other free
File_sharing
CAD software interoperability file format
Exchange Format) is a computer-aided design (CAD) data file format developed by Autodesk to enable CAD data exchange and interoperability between AutoCAD
AutoCAD_DXF
File format used in digital photography
A camera raw image file is a file that contains unprocessed data straight from a digital camera. Such data can later be changed into a photo, either within
Raw_image_format
Geographic data file
A world file is a six line plain text sidecar file used by geographic information systems (GIS) to georeference raster map images. The file specification
World_file
File format and file archiver program
writing data for a sequential I/O device with no file system, and the name is short for the format description "tape archive". When stored in a file system
Tar_(computing)
File system that allows many clients to have access
A distributed file system for cloud is a file system that allows many clients to have access to data and supports operations (create, delete, modify, read
Distributed file system for cloud
Distributed_file_system_for_cloud
BitTorrent-related file format
the BitTorrent file distribution protocol, a torrent file or metainfo file is a computer file format that contains metadata about files and folders to
Torrent_file
Archive file of an optical disc
disc file system. ISO images contain the binary image of an optical media file system (usually ISO 9660 and its extensions or UDF), including the data in
Optical_disc_image
Data processing technique to eliminate duplicate copies of repeating data
copies of content at the whole-file level with a single shared copy. While possible to combine this with other forms of data compression and deduplication
Data_deduplication
Published specification for storing digital data
An open file format is a file format for storing digital data, defined by an openly published specification usually maintained by a standards organization
Open_file_format
Repository of data stored in a raw format
A data lake is a system or repository of data stored in its natural, raw format, usually object blobs or files. A data lake is usually a single store of
Data_lake
Type of data compression
technology often reduces file sizes significantly before degradation is noticed by the end-user. Even when noticeable by the user, further data reduction may be
Lossy_compression
Stored data in computer systems
different types of data storage devices used for copying backups of data that is already in secondary storage onto archive files. There are also different
Backup
Archive file format
RAR is a proprietary archive file format that supports data compression, error correction and file spanning. It was developed in 1993 by Russian software
RAR_(file_format)
Digital audio format
sound). MP3 as a file format commonly designates files containing an elementary stream of MPEG-1 Audio or MPEG-2 Audio encoded data. Concerning audio
MP3
Network protocol that provides file management over any reliable data stream
File Transfer Protocol, also known as Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management
SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol
Amount of data in or storage spaced used for a computer file
File size is a measure of how much data a computer file contains or how much storage space it is allocated. Typically, file size is expressed in units
File_size
Family of lossless-compression image file formats
pronounced /ˌpiːɛnˈdʒiː/ PEE-en-JEE) is a raster-graphics file format that supports lossless data compression. PNG was developed as an improved, non-patented
PNG
Type of decentralized filesystem
the other parts of the cluster. Parallel file systems are a type of clustered file system that spread data across multiple storage nodes, usually for
Clustered_file_system
Software package for analyzing flow cytometry data
analyzing flow cytometry data. Files produced by modern flow cytometers are written in the Flow Cytometry Standard format with an .fcs file extension. FlowJo
FlowJo
Data file format
EULUMDAT is a data file format used for specification of photometric data especially intensity distributions from light sources such as lamps and luminaries
EULUMDAT
Interface to device driver that appears in filesystem
device files in Unix-like operating systems, known as character special files and block special files. The difference between them lies in how much data is
Device_file
Type of file format
erasure code system that produces par files for checksum verification of data integrity, with the capability to perform data recovery operations that can repair
Parchive
Medium capable of storing data in a format readable by a machine
groups: human-readable data that is marked up so that it can also be read by machines (e.g. microformats, RDFa, HTML), and data file formats intended principally
Machine-readable medium and data
Machine-readable_medium_and_data
Input/output functionality in the C programming language
random-access data files; to read from a record in the middle of a file, the programmer must create a stream, seek to the middle of the file, and then read
C_file_input/output
Standard for encoding geographical information
Geographic Information System were based on bespoke software and stored data in bespoke file structures designed for the needs of the particular project. As more
GIS_file_format
System for digitally encoding audio signals
indicating DSD raw. Files containing DSF data would typically use the.dsf file suffix. No official media type has been registered for the DSF file format. Freedesktop
Direct_Stream_Digital
Diff and merge files on computers
computing, file comparison is the calculation and display of the differences and similarities between data objects, typically text files such as source
File_comparison
Computer data storage architecture that manages data as objects
computer data storage approach that manages data as "blobs" or "objects", as opposed to other storage architectures like file systems, which manage data as
Object_storage
Conversion of digital data between formats
requires that data contains, for example, parity bit checks. Similarly, the operating system is predicated on certain standards for data and file handling
Data_conversion
Filename suffix indicating file type
filename extension, also known as file name extension or file extension, is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that
Filename_extension
File system for magnetic tape
requires both a specific format of data on the tape media and software to provide a file system interface to the data. The technology, based around a self-describing
Linear_Tape_File_System
Microsoft Windows file manager application
File Explorer, previously known as Windows Explorer, named explorer.exe internally in Windows operating systems, is a file manager application and default
File_Explorer
Flash file system
feasible solution (due to data-structure overhead), but where a greater file-size limit than that of the standard FAT32 file system (i.e. 4 GB) is required
ExFAT
Hexadecimal File Format". SourceForge. SRecord. Archived from the original on 2020-03-01. Retrieved 2020-03-01. […] Texas Instruments, IBM, and Data I/O documentation
Tektronix_hex_format
Microsoft's implementation of the shared library concept in Windows and OS/2
can contain code, data, and resources, in any combination. Data files with the same file format as a DLL, but with different file extensions and possibly
Dynamic-link_library
Digital multimedia format for storing video and audio
of data can be embedded in MPEG-4 Part 14 files through private streams. A separate hint track is used to include streaming information in the file. The
MP4_file_format
Big data table format
Avro file) that enumerates all manifest files for that snapshot. A manifest file is an index that lists a set of data files (e.g., Parquet files) along
Apache_Iceberg
Shell command for copying and converting file data
dd (Data(set) Definition) is a shell command for reading, writing and converting file data. Originally developed for Unix, it has been implemented on many
Dd_(Unix)
Data-interchange format
/ˈdʒeɪˌsɒn/) is an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of name–value
JSON
Component of a file in Mac operating systems
a file on Apple's classic Mac OS operating system that is used to store structured data. It is one of the two forks of a file, along with the data fork
Resource_fork
Filename extension
perspective, load .cda files as though they are actual audio data files, and allow the user to listen to them. The size of a CDA file being fixed, as well
.cda_file
Standardized tag format for references exchange
sheet was named "Bill, Unenacted Bill"; the "Dataset" sheet was named "Data File"; the "Interview", "Podcast", "Press Release", and "Sheet1" (a list of
RIS_(file_format)
Computer file format for calendar information
recipients of an iCalendar data file can respond to the sender easily or counter-propose another meeting date/time. The file format is specified in a proposed
ICalendar
Data structure in a Unix file system
An inode (index node) is a data structure in a Unix-style file system that describes a file-system object such as a file or a directory. Each inode stores
Inode
Systematic organization of data
characters, fields, records, files and so on. This concept is a starting point when trying to see what makes up data and whether data has a structure. For example
Data_hierarchy
Storage of a file in non-contiguous blocks
stores files in non-contiguous blocks. It is a special case of data fragmentation. File system fragmentation negatively impacts seek time for disk storage
File_system_fragmentation
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