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Telecommunications connection selection method
a dedicated circuit between two telephones for the duration of a telephone call. It contrasts with message switching and packet switching used in modern
Circuit_switching
Mathematical study of switched networks
Switching circuit theory is the mathematical study of the properties of networks of idealized switches. Such networks may be strictly combinational logic
Switching_circuit_theory
Aggregate of all public telephone networks
use digital switching rather than mechanical or analog switching. The trunks connecting the exchanges are also digital, called circuits or channels.
Public switched telephone network
Public_switched_telephone_network
Emulation a dedicated physical link over a packet-switched network
connection as in circuit switching, takes advantage of the statistical multiplexing on its transmission links, an intrinsic feature of packet switching. The 1978
Virtual_circuit
Communication protocol property
order. Although the lower-layer switching is connectionless, or it may be a data link layer or network layer switching mode, where all data packets belonging
Connection-oriented communication
Connection-oriented_communication
Component of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
mobile switching center server is a part of the redesigned MSC concept starting from 3GPP Release 4. The mobile switching center server is a soft-switch variant
Network_switching_subsystem
Interconnection of two or more electrical switches
In building wiring, multiway switching is the interconnection of two or more electrical switches to control an electrical load from more than one location
Multiway_switching
Data transmission standard for mobile phones
In communications, Circuit Switched Data (CSD) (also named GSM data) is the original form of data transmission developed for the time-division multiple
Circuit_Switched_Data
Master's thesis by C. E. Shannon
A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits is the title of a master's thesis written by computer science pioneer Claude E. Shannon while attending
A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits
A_Symbolic_Analysis_of_Relay_and_Switching_Circuits
Device that switches or amplifies optical signals
needed], while conserving more power. The fastest demonstrated all-optical switching signal is 900 attoseconds, which paves the way to develop ultrafast optical
Optical_transistor
Electrical component that can break an electrical circuit
current and voltage they can handle, finite switching time, etc. The ideal switch is often used in circuit analysis as it greatly simplifies the system
Switch
Method for transmitting data over a computer network
services, circuit switching is characterized by a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred, while packet switching may be characterized
Packet_switching
Telecommunication system for establishing telephone calls
immediate creation of ad hoc temporary circuits on demand between any two subscribers, now known as circuit switching. This made telephony into a practical
Telephone_exchange
Digital interface device
connect data terminal equipment (DTE), such as a router, to a digital circuit, such as a Digital Signal 1 (DS1) T1 line. The CSU/DSU implements two different
CSU/DSU
switching involves messages routed in their entirety, one hop at a time. It evolved from circuit switching and was the precursor of packet switching.
Message_switching
Kind of multistage circuit-switching network
stage crossbar switches; each ingress stage crossbar switch has m outlets; and there are m middle stage crossbar switches. Circuit switching arranges a dedicated
Clos_network
Digital telecommunications protocol for voice, video, and data
video. ATM is a cell switching technology, providing functionality that combines features of circuit switching and packet switching networks by using asynchronous
Asynchronous_Transfer_Mode
Electronic circuit that charges capacitors
way and require a driving circuit to control the switching. They frequently also require a switching element that can be controlled directly, such as
Voltage_doubler
Telecommunications equipment
devices can be used for "grooming" telecommunications traffic, switching traffic from one circuit to another in the event of a network failure, supporting automated
Digital_cross-connect_system
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
as being connection-oriented or connectionless, or using circuit switching or packet switching. In a protocol stack, often constructed per the OSI model
Computer_network
Automatic circuit protection device
distribution boards. Apart from its safety purpose, a circuit breaker is also often used as a main switch to manually disconnect ("rack out") and connect ("rack
Circuit_breaker
Electrical safety device used in household wiring
circuit breaker (RCCB) or ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is an electrical safety device, more specifically a form of earth-leakage circuit breaker
Residual-current_device
Network for communications over distance
of technologies based on the methodologies of circuit switching, message switching, or packet switching to pass messages and signals. Multiple nodes may
Telecommunications_network
older electromechanical switching systems such as the Number 1 Crossbar, Number 5 Crossbar, and step-by-step circuit switching systems and replace them
Switching Control Center System
Switching_Control_Center_System
Electronic circuit element implementing a filter
capacitances and the switching frequency, and not on precise resistors. This makes them much more suitable for use within integrated circuits, where accurately
Switched_capacitor
Power supply with switching regulator
A switched-mode power supply (SMPS), also called switching-mode power supply, switch-mode power supply, switched power supply, or simply switcher, is
Switched-mode_power_supply
Electrically operated switch
relays can switch faster than larger relays and require very little power from the control circuit. However, they have relatively low switching current and
Relay
Formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network
packet switching, the bandwidth of the transmission medium is shared between multiple communication sessions, in contrast to circuit switching, in which
Network_packet
Medium connecting more than one user or more than two communications hosts
access methods for circuit switching include time-division multiple access, frequency-division multiple access, etc. In packet switching, the sharing is
Shared_medium
Computer science debate
companies were operating on the basis of circuit switching, alternatives to which are message switching or packet switching. Bob Taylor became the director of
Protocol_Wars
Collection of electronic switches arranged in a matrix
switching system is also called a coordinate switching system. Collections of crossbars can be used to implement multiple layer and blocking switches
Crossbar_switch
Line, conductor, or other conduit by which information is transmitted
cables, as in an analog phone switch, to virtual circuits established over packet switching networks. A telecommunication circuit may be defined as follows:[citation
Telecommunication_circuit
finer than optical circuit switching (OCS). OBS provides more bandwidth flexibility than wavelength routing but requires faster switching and control technology
Optical_burst_switching
Topics referred to by the same term
punishment The switch (con), a type of swindle Switched (disambiguation) Switching (disambiguation) Code-switching (disambiguation) Switch mode (disambiguation)
Switch_(disambiguation)
Packet-oriented mobile data service for 2G and 3G networks
number of other users sharing the service concurrently, as opposed to circuit switching, where a certain quality of service (QoS) is guaranteed during the
GPRS
Type of solid-state switch
in power-switching circuits, relay-replacement circuits, inverter circuits, oscillator circuits, level-detector circuits, chopper circuits, light-dimming
Thyristor
Electronic comparator circuit with hysteresis
{\textstyle +{\frac {R_{1}}{R_{2}}}V_{\mathrm {S} }} to switch back to high. So this circuit creates a switching band centered on zero, with trigger levels ± R
Schmitt_trigger
Active electronic circuit controlling the current through a load
change switching state quickly, such as the Schottky diode and the 1N4148, are called "switching diodes". The transistor can be operated as a switch. The
Electronic_switch
Polarity-switching electronic circuit
An H-bridge is an electronic circuit that switches the polarity of a voltage applied to a load. These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications
H-bridge
Cellular telephone network standard since 1991
their information after switching handsets. Alternatively, users can change networks or network identities without switching handsets - simply by changing
GSM
ITU-T telecommunications interface specification
characters and error checking, elements of the call control phase for circuit switching services, and test loops. X.21 normally is found on a 15-pin D-sub
X.21
Fourth-generation mobile telecommunications standard
support all-IP communications and broadband services, and eliminates circuit switching in voice telephony. It also has considerably higher data bandwidth
4G
Capacitor used to prevent energy transfer between two circuits
appropriate type if switching occurs very fast. Logic circuits tend to do sudden switching (an ideal logic circuit would switch from low voltage to high
Decoupling_capacitor
Early packet switching network (1969–1990)
Historically, voice and data communications were based on methods of circuit switching, as exemplified in the traditional telephone network, wherein each
ARPANET
Data services for the public
the public switched telephone network (PSTN). A PSDN may use a variety of switching technologies, including packet switching, circuit switching, and message
Public_data_network
Telephone system typically used in business environments
company switchboards manually using cord circuits. As automated electromechanical switches and later electronic switching systems gradually replaced the manual
Business_telephone_system
Class 5 telephone switch
Class 5 telephone switch developed by GTE Automatic Electric Laboratories. This digital central office telephone circuit switching system is used in the
GTD-5_EAX
The mobile switching station, abbreviated as MSC Server or MSS, is a 2G core network element which controls the network switching subsystem elements. Alternatively
Mobile switching centre server
Mobile_switching_centre_server
Telephone exchange systems by Ericsson
telephone exchange is a product line of electronic switching systems for digital circuit switching telephone exchanges developed by the Swedish telecom
AXE_telephone_exchange
Networking hardware that forwards packets based on hardware address
A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, Ethernet switch, and—by the IEEE—MAC bridge) is networking hardware that connects devices on
Network_switch
computer networking, time-driven switching (TDS) is a node by node time variant implementation of circuit switching, where the propagating datagram is
Time-driven_switching
Device performing a Boolean function
could be carried out by electrical switching circuits. Early Electromechanical computers were constructed from switches and relay logic rather than the later
Logic_gate
Part of an electrical transmission and distribution system
with high-voltage switching, and switching and backup systems on the low-voltage side. More typical distribution substations have a switch, one transformer
Substation
Process of selecting paths in a data communications network
including circuit-switched networks, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN), and computer networks, such as the Internet. In packet switching networks
Routing
803-1. DTM is a time-division multiplexing and a circuit-switching network technology that combines switching and transport. It is designed to provide a guaranteed
Dynamic synchronous transfer mode
Dynamic_synchronous_transfer_mode
Component of an electricity supply system housing fuses
subsidiary circuits while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure. Normally, a main switch, and in recent
Distribution_board
Type of electronic circuit
electrical noise. Switching converters produce switching noise at the switching frequency and its harmonics. Additionally, all electronic circuits have some thermal
DC-to-DC_converter
techniques. Western Union's Automatic Telegraph Switching System Plan 55-A was based on message switching. The U.S. military's AUTODIN network became operational
History_of_the_Internet
Control gear of an electric power system
be a metal-enclosed structure with electrically operated switching elements using oil circuit breakers. Today, oil-filled equipment has largely been replaced
Switchgear
Voltage booster electronic circuit
resistor with lower resistance would yield a high current. The circuit works by rapidly switching the transistor. Initially, current begins to flow through
Joule_thief
Electric switch in a dual in-line package
refer to each individual switch, or to the unit as a whole. This type of switch is designed to be used on a printed circuit board along with other electronic
DIP_switch
Electromechanical switch
disconnector, disconnect switch or isolator switch is a type of switching device with visible contacts, used to ensure that an electrical circuit is completely de-energized
Disconnector
Domestic spying partnership between AT&T and the NSA
planned) 9 submarine cable landing points (with 7 planned) 16 4ESS circuit switching stations Except for the VoIP facilities, most are along U.S. borders
Fairview (surveillance program)
Fairview_(surveillance_program)
overclocking). The dynamic power (switching power) dissipated by a chip is C·V2·A·f, where C is the capacitance being switched per clock cycle, V is voltage
Voltage_and_frequency_scaling
Telephone system with IP connectivity
Unlike traditional PBX systems that depend on circuit-switched networks, IP PBX utilizes packet-switched networks, allowing voice, data, and video to be
IP_PBX
Electrical switch operated by an applied magnetic field
Hoeckley (October 1964). "Actual Problems Of Telephone Switching - Quasi-Electronic Solutions For Switching Systems" (PDF). The Telecommunication Journal of
Reed_switch
Four-terminal thyristor semiconductor device
terminal to initiate switching. The device was mainly used in electronic switching, timing, pulse-generation, and logic circuits during the 1960s and
Silicon-controlled_switch
Computer network that connects devices across a large distance and area
leased lines, WANs can also be built using less costly circuit switching or packet switching methods. Network protocols, including TCP/IP, deliver transport
Wide_area_network
Third generation mobile cellular system
Register (VLR) Equipment Identity Register (EIR) Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC) Authentication Center (AUC) Serving GPRS
UMTS
Architectural framework of telecommunications
network itself. Also added voice call continuity between circuit switching and packet switching domain (VCC), fixed broadband connection to the IMS, interworking
IP_Multimedia_Subsystem
System designed to maintain a constant voltage
linear series regulators and buck switching regulators), or to draw input current for longer periods (boost-type switching regulators); if the output voltage
Voltage_regulator
Mobile broadband communication standard
standard supports only packet switching with its all-IP network. Voice calls in GSM, UMTS, and CDMA2000 are circuit switched, so with the adoption of LTE
LTE_(telecommunication)
High-rating electrical circuit switch
switch) with high power rating (current rating and voltage rating). Contactors usually refer to devices switching more than 15 amperes or in circuits
Contactor
Voltage-spike stopping diode across an inductor
is used in circuits in which inductive loads are controlled by switches, and in switching power supplies and inverters. Flyback circuits have been used
Flyback_diode
Switched connections are used for two non-adjacent nodes
communication networks are divided into circuit switched networks, message switched networks, and packet switched networks. Broadcast communication network
Switched communication network
Switched_communication_network
High-speed Internet access standard
pattern as voice services did on the public switched telephone network, and conceived an end-to-end circuit switched service, known as Broadband Integrated
Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network
Broadband_Integrated_Services_Digital_Network
Electric switch type
a limit switch of a circuit that is normally closed, in the held open state, and is labeled as the first in chronological order of the circuit. This limit
Limit_switch
Electronic component to ensure a known state for a signal
multiple active switching devices (e.g., open-collector drivers) to transmit data on a shared bus. Wired-OR circuit using high-side switches and pull-down
Pull-up_resistor
Extension of a private network across a public one
as being connection-oriented or connectionless, or using circuit switching or packet switching. In a protocol stack, often constructed per the OSI model
Virtual_private_network
long-distance switching systems Class 4 - Toll-access switching systems Class 5 - End-office switching systems Class 5 end-office switches provide local
Via_Net_Loss
A dynamic circuit network (DCN) is an advanced computer networking technology that combines traditional packet-switched communication based on the Internet
Dynamic_circuit_network
Standard collection of mobile phone applications and features
Gateway Mobile Switching Centre. The Gateway MSC, as the name suggests, acts as the "entrance" from exterior portions of the Public Switched Telephone Network
GSM_services
Telecommunications circuit which can transmit in two directions simultaneously
telecommunication, a two-wire circuit is characterized by supporting transmission in two directions simultaneously, as opposed to four-wire circuits, which have separate
Two-wire_circuit
Technologies as a packet-switching overlay to the MSE circuit-switched network; these services added Internet Protocol switching and routing to support
Mobile_Subscriber_Equipment
meant to be packet switched. To make it inter operable with existing networks, these calls are to be handed over to Circuit switched calls in GSM/WCDMA
SRVCC
Wide area network technology
network, and switched virtual circuits (SVCs). The latter are analogous to the circuit-switching concepts of the public switched telephone network (PSTN),
Frame_Relay
Data transmission unit
application examples are SONET/SDH and the ISDN circuit-switched B-channel, while TDMA examples are Circuit Switched Data used in early cellular voice services
Frame_(networking)
Methods of delivering voice communications and multimedia over IP networks
transmitted over a circuit-switched network, the digital information is packetized and transmission occurs as IP packets over a packet-switched network. They
Voice_over_IP
Integrated circuit logic family
one side when not near the switching point. The gain is higher than at the end states (see below) and the circuit switches quickly. At low input voltage
Emitter-coupled_logic
DDX-1 was an experimental network from Nippon PTT. It mixed circuit switching and packet switching. It was succeeded by DDX-2. The European Informatics Network
List of packet-switched networks
List_of_packet-switched_networks
complexity theory, Håstad's switching lemma is a key tool for proving lower bounds on the size of constant-depth Boolean circuits. It was first introduced
Switching_lemma
DC-DC voltage step-down power converter
its input (supply) to its output (load). It is a class of switched-mode power supply. Switching converters (such as buck converters) provide much greater
Buck_converter
Switch using electrical contacts in a vacuum
power-generation facilities, and load-switching vacuum interrupters are used for power-grid end users. The use of a vacuum for switching electrical currents was motivated
Vacuum_interrupter
Software based telecommunications call routing
A softswitch (software switch) is a call-switching node in a telecommunications network, based not on the specialized switching hardware of the traditional
Softswitch
Type of field-effect transistor
channel, complementary pairs of MOS transistors can be used to make switching circuits with very low power consumption, in the form of CMOS logic. The basic
MOSFET
International Standard
includes the design of circuit breakers, transformers, disconnect and grounding switches, instrument transformers, circuit switches, surge arresters, and
IEEE_693
Type of electrical switch
A mercury switch is an electrical switch that opens and closes a circuit when a small amount of the liquid metal mercury connects metal electrodes to close
Mercury_switch
Discontinuation of the public switch telephone network in the United Kingdom
global circuit-switched public switched telephone network (PSTN). British Telecom, the country's dominant telco, had announced its intention to switch off
United_Kingdom_PSTN_migration
Topics referred to by the same term
energy lost due to scattering or absorption Switching loss [de], power loss incured due to circuit switching Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) program
Loss
1960s. Many local, long distance, and operator circuit-switching systems provided special dedicated circuits to the SES to monitor the quality of customer
Service_Evaluation_System
travel, tourism, insurance
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
Male
Hebrew
(גָּלִיל) Hebrew name GALIYL means "rolling, turning" or "circuit, region, ring." In the bible, this is the name of a circuit or ring (Galilee) of the Gentiles.Â
Male
English
Anglicized form of Hebrew Galiyl, GALILEE means "rolling, turning" or "circuit, region, ring." In the bible, this is the name of a circuit or ring (Galilee) of the Gentiles. Not used as a personal name.
Biblical
cylinder; circuit; district; wheel
Male
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Galiyl, GALIL means "rolling, turning" or "circuit, region, ring."Â
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and Irish
English, Scottish, and Irish : occupational name for a player on the harp, from an agent derivative of Middle English, Middle Dutch harp ‘harp’. The harper was one of the most important figures of a medieval baronial hall, especially in Scotland and northern England, and the office of harper was sometimes hereditary. The Scottish surname is probably an Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Chruiteir ‘son of the harper’ (from Gaelic cruit ‘harp’, ‘stringed instrument’). This surname has long been present in Ireland.
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
travel, tourism, insurance