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Response that prevents an aversive stimulus
An avoidance response is a response that prevents an aversive stimulus from occurring. It is a kind of negative reinforcement. An avoidance response is
Avoidance_response
Aspect of learning procedure
avoidance response test (CAR test) Conversion therapy Learned helplessness Little Albert experiment Nocebo Measures of conditioned emotional response
Classical_conditioning
Voice or tone user interface for telephony
Interactive voice response (IVR) systems are automated telephony systems that interact with callers, gather information, and route calls to the appropriate
Interactive_voice_response
Behavior of some weakly electric fishes
The jamming avoidance response is a behavior of some species of weakly electric fish. It occurs when two electric fish with wave discharges meet – if their
Jamming_avoidance_response
Type of operant conditioning
An avoidance response is a natural adaptive behavior performed in response to danger. Excessive avoidance has been suggested to contribute to anxiety disorders
Avoidance_learning
Test of antipsychotic-like activity
The conditioned avoidance response (CAR) test, also known as the active avoidance test, is an animal test used to identify drugs with antipsychotic-like
Conditioned avoidance response test
Conditioned_avoidance_response_test
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up avoidance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Avoidance may refer to: Avoidance coping, a kind of coping that is generally considered maladaptive
Avoidance
Fish that can generate electric fields
similar frequencies move their frequencies up or down in a jamming avoidance response; African knifefish have convergently evolved a nearly identical mechanism
Electric_fish
Action or movement due to the application of a sudden unexpected stimulus
In animals, including humans, the startle response is a largely unconscious defensive response to sudden or threatening stimuli, such as sudden noise or
Startle_response
Rapid series of movements by an animal
startle or avoidance response. The avoidance response is a form of negative reinforcement which is learned through operant conditioning. This response is usually
Escape_response
Study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system
entire neural circuit has been described: the electric fish jamming avoidance response. Beyond its conceptual contributions, neuroethology makes indirect
Neuroethology
Basal organ of a vascular plant
the gas ethylene. In order to avoid shade, plants utilize a shade avoidance response. When a plant is under dense vegetation, the presence of other vegetation
Root
Type of associative learning process for behavioral modification
unless an operant response is made; the response delays the onset of the shock. In this situation, unlike discriminated avoidance, no prior stimulus
Operant_conditioning
Behavioral profile
Pathological demand avoidance (PDA), or extreme demand avoidance (EDA), or persistent drive (for) autonomy (PDA) is a behavioral profile characterized
Pathological_demand_avoidance
Plant sensing and development response
Shade avoidance is a set of responses that plants display when they are subjected to the shade of another plant. It often includes elongation, altered
Shade_avoidance
mechanisms to avoid obstacles as their fruiting body grows, including an avoidance response. P. blakesleeanus grows away from stationary objects, possibly through
Fungal_behavior
Disgust response that guides human behavior
Pathogen avoidance (also parasite avoidance or pathogen disgust) refers to the theory that the disgust response, in humans, is an adaptive system that
Pathogen_avoidance
Phenomenon in which the crowns of fully stocked trees do not touch each other
light sensing by adjacent plants. The photoreceptor-mediated shade avoidance response is a well-documented behavior in a variety of plant species. Neighbor
Crown_shyness
Animal reflex to escape or avoid echolocating predators
avoidance is an escape or avoidance reflex displayed by certain animal species that are preyed upon by echolocating predators. Ultrasound avoidance is
Ultrasound_avoidance
Anxiety disorder
without cover or concealment. Agoraphobia with panic attacks may be an avoidance response secondary to the panic attacks, due to fear of the situations in which
Agoraphobia
Class of lobe-finned fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Coelacanth
Aircraft collision avoidance system
collision avoidance system (TCAS; /ˈtiːkæs/ TEE-kas), also called an airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS), is an aircraft collision avoidance system
Traffic collision avoidance system
Traffic_collision_avoidance_system
Diminished responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated exposure
phobic stimuli with a subsequent avoidance response may strengthen the future anxiety because the avoidance response reduces the stress, thereby reinforcing
Desensitization_(psychology)
Fish seminal fluid and sacs
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Milt
Species of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Lophius_piscatorius
Species of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Garfish
List of common names used to refer to fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
List_of_fish_by_common_name
Several species of demersal fish with fins
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Whitefish_(fisheries_term)
Species of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
European_conger
Attempts to avoid internal experiences
Experiential avoidance (EA) has been broadly defined as attempts to avoid thoughts, feelings, memories, physical sensations, and other internal experiences
Experiential_avoidance
Fin on the dorsal of fish and cetaceans
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Dorsal_fin
Natural collagen casing found encompassing some aquatic lifeforms' fertilized eggs
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Egg_case_(Chondrichthyes)
Term describing organisms able to adapt to a wide range of salinities
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Euryhaline
Biological electricity-related abilities
both individuals shift their discharge frequencies in a jamming avoidance response. In bluntnose knifefishes, Brachyhypopomus, the electric discharge
Electroreception and electrogenesis
Electroreception_and_electrogenesis
In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons
shoal. Hamilton proposed that animals aggregate because of a "selfish" avoidance of a predator and was thus a form of cover-seeking. Another formulation
Shoaling_and_schooling
Species of fungus
bind to White collar 1 to participate in the responses to light. Phycomyces also exhibits an avoidance response, in which the growing sporangiophore avoids
Phycomyces_blakesleeanus
Scientific study of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Ichthyology
Family of archaic-looking ray-finned fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Bichir
Emotional response caused by severe distressing events
well as the ease with which responses are triggered. Further, the presence of possible avoidance responses. Avoidance responses may involve the absence of
Psychological_trauma
Species of fish in the sturgeon family
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Beluga_(sturgeon)
Fish found in aquatic tropical environments
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Tropical_fish
Family of marine fish that can make powerful, self-propelled leaps out of water
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Flying_fish
Egg masses of fish and seafood
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Roe
Aquatic animal that feeds on the bottom of a body of water
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Bottom_feeder
Family of fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Snailfish
Class of lobe-finned fishes
Shubin, 2008, 2009, Vintage, p.33 The differential cardio-respiratory responses to ambient hypoxia and systemic hypoxaemia in the South American lungfish
Lungfish
Psychology term
Genius Highly sensitive person Salience (neuroscience) Conditioned avoidance response test Bouton, M. E. (2007) Learning and Behavior Sunderland, MA: Sinauer
Latent_inhibition
Effort to avoid dealing with a stressor
In psychology, avoidance coping is a coping mechanism and form of experiential avoidance. It is characterized by a person's efforts, conscious or unconscious
Avoidance_coping
Animal that cares for its offspring by holding them its mouth
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Mouthbrooder
Clade of fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Neoteleostei
Genus of ray-finned fishes
shift their discharge frequencies apart from each other in a jamming avoidance response. Eigenmannia, a South American electric fish, processes sensory information
Gymnarchus
Animal test of antidepressant effectiveness
rights groups, notably PETA. Animal models of depression Conditioned avoidance response test Curt Richter § In popular culture Learned helplessness Open field
Behavioural_despair_test
German neurophysiologist (1938–1994)
Eigenmannia. This weakly electric fish and the neural basis for its jamming avoidance response behavioral process was the main focus of his research, and is fully
Walter_Heiligenberg
Hypercarnivorous fish that sometimes actively prey upon other fish
groupers and sea bass. Predatory fish switch between types of prey in response to variations in their abundance. Such changes in preference are disproportionate
Predatory_fish
Subfamily of fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Pipefish
United States judicial doctrine
Constitutional avoidance is a legal doctrine of judicial review in United States constitutional law that dictates that United States federal courts should
Constitutional_avoidance
Fish that can leave water for periods of time
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Amphibious_fish
Bones in a fish protecting the gills
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Operculum_(fish)
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
List_of_smallest_fish
Gill-bearing non-tetrapod aquatic vertebrates
breach these defenses, the innate immune system can mount an inflammatory response that increases blood flow to the infected region and delivers white blood
Fish
Division of cartilaginous fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Batomorphi
Disorder of decreased tolerance to specific sounds
behavioral responses not seen in most other people. Misophonia and the behaviors that people with misophonia often use to cope with it (such as avoidance of "triggering"
Misophonia
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Lists_of_prehistoric_fish
Class of photoreceptor proteins in plants
damage from intense light, however an alternate study argues that the avoidance response is primarily to increase light penetration into deeper mesophyll layers
Phototropin
Gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Swim_bladder
Fish species with oils in their tissues and coelom
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Oily_fish
Evolutionary biology concept of prevention of negative inbreeding effects
Inbreeding avoidance, or the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis, is a concept in evolutionary biology that refers to the prevention of the harmful effects
Inbreeding_avoidance
Fish that have the ability to produce toxins
neuropeptide Y. Enkephalin and phospholipase both produce inflammatory responses and neuropeptide Y induces a severe drop in blood pressure to the effected
Venomous_fish
Species of reptile
an "avoidance response" in the mourning gecko, causing it to avoid a specific area where food may become available. Though triggering avoidance in other
Common_house_gecko
Species of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Merlangius
Animals that feed by straining food from water
so slow that copepods cannot sense it and do not react with an escape response.[citation needed] Other filter-feeding cnidarians include corals, sea pens
Filter_feeder
Paired fins located on the ventral surface of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Pelvic_fin
Type of parasitic disease
as a result of increased proximity to infected fish and decreased avoidance response options. In September 1995, in Nova Scotia, Canada, an outbreak of
Paramoebiasis
Fish species with the ability to travel over land for extended period of time
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Walking_fish
Family of ray-finned fishes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Wrasse
Pharmaceutical compound
with about 8-fold higher potency than mescaline in the conditioned avoidance response test. The pharmacokinetics of the drug in rodents have been studied
Pentamethoxyphenethylamine
Sensory organs in some fish that detect electrical fields
957M. doi:10.1038/187957a0. PMID 13727039. Murray RW (March 1962). "The response of the ampullae of Lorenzini of elasmobranchs to electrical stimulation"
Ampullae_of_Lorenzini
Psychological phenomenon
observed that exposure to a novel stimulus initially elicits a fear/avoidance response in all organisms. Each subsequent exposure to the novel stimulus causes
Mere-exposure_effect
Lighting to aid plant growth
it will become stunted, have reduced pigmentation, or begin shade-avoidance response. A plant that does not receive the right quality of light may exhibit
Grow_light
Inner-ear structure in vertebrates which detects acceleration
sensitivity is lost. In humans vestibular evoked myogenic potentials occur in response to loud, low-frequency acoustic stimulation in patients with the sensorineural
Otolith
Whiskerlike sensory organ near the mouth of a fish
carrion to eat. Freckled Goatfish, Upeneus tragula, develop barbels as a response to food availability. When starved of food for two days under laboratory
Barbel_(zoology)
Topics referred to by the same term
Conditioned avoidance response test, an animal test used to identify drug effects Constitutive androstane receptor, a protein Cortisol awakening response, on
Car_(disambiguation)
Species of fish
on social context. It is currently unknown whether or not jamming avoidance response is utilized when encountering other weakly electric knifefish in order
Distocyclus_conirostris
Bony or cartilaginous processes that project from the branchial arch
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Gill_raker
Reproductive physiology of fishes
inbreeding. Numerous inbreeding avoidance mechanisms operating prior to mating have been described. However, inbreeding avoidance mechanisms that operate subsequent
Fish_reproduction
Financial optimization technique
Tax avoidance is the legal use of the tax regime in a single territory to one's own advantage to reduce the amount of tax that is payable. A tax shelter
Tax_avoidance
Teeth of a shark
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Shark_tooth
Teeth in the throat of a number of fish species
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Pharyngeal_teeth
Behaviors to prevent or minimize conflict
Conflict avoidance is a set of behaviors aimed at preventing or minimizing disagreement with another person. In nature, animals often use avoidance to prevent
Conflict_avoidance
Species of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
European_anchovy
Bony skin-covered spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Fish_fin
American behavioral scientist (1923–2019)
Sidman Avoidance, also called "free-operant avoidance", in which an organism learns to avoid an aversive stimulus by engaging in a targeted response in the
Murray_Sidman
Movement of fishes from one part of a water body to another on a regular basis
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Fish_migration
Experimental muscarinic drug
phencyclidine (PCP)-induced hyperlocomotion and activity in the conditioned avoidance response test. These effects appear to dependent on activation of both muscarinic
ML-007
Bony "loops" present in fish, which support the gills
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Branchial_arch
Division or infraclass of fishes
gain and lose heat through their skin, and regulate their circulation in response to changes in water temperature by increasing or reducing the blood flow
Teleost
protective motor reactions, exhibiting avoidance learning and making trade-offs between noxious stimulus avoidance and other motivational requirements.
Pain_in_fish
Species of fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Flathead_grey_mullet
Small lumps of dermal tissue found in fish
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Papilla_(fish_anatomy)
Fish that live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes
Hydrodynamic reception Electroreception and electrogenesis Jamming avoidance response Lateral line Otolith Capacity for pain Schreckstoff Surface wave detection
Demersal_fish
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Rest Response
Boy/Male
Irish
The name is given to boys as a mark of respect to the great Irish orator and patriot Robert Emmet who was a leader of the unsuccessful 1798 rebellion against the British. He was captured on August 25, 1803 and tried for high treason and sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered. When asked if he had any thing to say in response to this sentence Emmet gave what is considered to be one of the most moving speeches of the period “â€â€¦When my country takes her place among the nations of the earth, then, and not till then, let my epitaph be written. I have done.â€â€
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
In Attentive Response
Girl/Female
English
Modern blend of Ava and Ana.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
Rest; Response; Comfort
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Windsor in Berkshire, Broadwindsor in Dorset, or Winsor in Devon and Hampshire, all named from an unattested Old English windels ‘windlass’ + Old English Åra ‘bank’.Windsor is the surname of the present British royal family, adopted in place of Wettin in 1917 as a response to anti-German feeling during the World War I. The original surname of Edward VII (and hence of George V up to 1917) was Wettin, his father, Prince Albert, being Prince Wettin of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. The family took the name Windsor from the place in Berkshire, England, where Windsor Castle is a royal residence. There is unlikely to be any royal connection for American bearers, however: the name was an ordinary English habitational surname for centuries before this event.
Girl/Female
American, British, English, German
Bearer of Good News; Modern Blend of Ava and Ana
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
Boy/Male
Biblical
Gift of the Lord, gift of a dove.
Girl/Female
Latin
Wife of Hector.
Boy/Male
Indian
A hardwood tree
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic meaning ‘son the of steward’ (see Stewart).
Boy/Male
Tamil
Anjaneya | அநà¯à®œà®¨à¯‡à®¯à®¾Â
Lord Hanuman
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Trust; Faith
Boy/Male
Hindu
Wonderful, Successful & bright
Girl/Female
Biblical
Painted, inconstant.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
Quiet; Silent
Boy/Male
American, British, English
From the Town on the High Ground; Owner of a Rented Estate
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
AVOIDANCE RESPONSE
n.
A shunning; avoidance.
n.
Evasion; subterfuge.
n.
The act of annulling; annulment.
n.
Act of avowing; avowal.
a.
Capable of being avoided, shunned, or escaped.
a.
Avoidable.
n.
A ejection from a benefice.
n.
The courts by which anything is carried off.
a.
Avoidable.
n.
The state of abiding; abode; continuance; compliance (with).
a.
Not avoidable; incapable of being shunned or prevented; inevitable; necessary; as, unavoidable troubles.
n.
A dismissing or a quitting; removal; withdrawal.
n.
An omen; a portending.
a.
Avoidable.
a.
Capable of being vacated; liable to be annulled or made invalid; voidable.
n.
The act of becoming vacant, or the state of being vacant; -- specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.
n.
The state of being void; vacancy, as of a benefice which is without an incumbent.
n.
Upholding; defense; vindication.
n.
The act of voiding, emptying, ejecting, or evacuating.
n.
The act of avoiding or shunning; keeping clear of.