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Spontaneous oxidation by oxygen at normal temperature
Autoxidation (sometimes auto-oxidation) refers to oxidations brought about by reactions with oxygen at normal temperatures, without the intervention of
Autoxidation
Measure of peroxide content of a fat or oil
play a role in autoxidation. Oils with a high degree of unsaturation are most susceptible to autoxidation. The best test for autoxidation (oxidative rancidity)
Peroxide_value
Autoxidation or hydrolysis of fats and oils
Rancidification is the process of complete or incomplete autoxidation or hydrolysis of fats and oils when exposed to air, light, moisture, or bacterial
Rancidification
Compound that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules
inhibit oxidation, a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants
Antioxidant
Class of chemical compounds
commercial sense) peroxides are produced by autoxidation, the direct reaction of O2 with a hydrocarbon. Autoxidation is a radical reaction that begins with
Hydroperoxide
Fillers for cosmetic skin smoothing
modified with gallol groups that can form a stable hydrogel in vivo through autoxidation. The technique eliminates the need for commonly used cross-linkers in
Injectable_filler
Reaction(s) leading to production of (phospho)lipid peroxides
malondialdehyde, so this test is not completely specific for lipid peroxidation. Autoxidation Rancidification Izdebska, Joanna (2016), "Aging and Degradation of Printed
Lipid_peroxidation
Industrial process
Second stage of Hock process: autoxidation of cumene.
Cumene_process
Oil that hardens after exposure to air
cooking, and are also highly susceptible to becoming rancid through autoxidation, the process by which fatty foods develop off-flavors. Rags, cloth, and
Drying_oil
Organic compound
comproportionated with benzene to give cumene. Depending on the conditions, autoxidation of cumene gives dicumyl peroxide or cumene hydroperoxide. Both reactions
Cumene
Chemical compound
South American run. Unlike other alkyl ethers, dimethyl ether resists autoxidation. Dimethyl ether is also relatively non-toxic, although it is highly flammable
Dimethyl_ether
Chemical compound
at the boundary layer between the electrolyte and the anode, and (2) Autoxidation of hypochlorite in the bulk electrolyte. Under electrolysis hydrogen
Sodium_chlorate
Chemical compound
compound is produced by direct reaction of ethylbenzene with oxygen, an autoxidation. Roger A. Sheldon (1983). "Synthesis and uses of alkyl hydroperoxides
Ethylbenzene_hydroperoxide
Color-changing redox chemical reaction
as a catalyst for the reaction, the green and rapid versions undergo autoxidation even in the absence of the dye. In the past, it was thought that the
Blue_bottle_experiment
Organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon
(isopropylbenzene), and cyclohexanone from cyclohexane. The process, which is called autoxidation, begins with the formation of hydroperoxides (ROOH). Combustion of hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbon
Phenomenon in chemistry
react with oxygen in chain reactions. For many polymers the general autoxidation mechanism is a reasonable approximation of the underlying chemistry.
Photo-oxidation_of_polymers
Chemical compound
the key constituents responsible for the odor of ambergris. It is an autoxidation product of ambrein. Ambroxide is used in perfumery for creating ambergris
Ambroxide
Fifth stage of death
bacteria – Bacteria involved in decay of living matter Rancidification – Autoxidation or hydrolysis of fats and oils Cotard's syndrome – Delusion that one
Putrefaction
Chemical process by which polymeric materials are hardened
with curing of a drying oil. In the first step, the diene undergoes autoxidation to give a hydroperoxide. In the second step, the hydroperoxide combines
Curing_(chemistry)
Antioxidant
of vitamin E, primarily acting as a terminating agent that suppresses autoxidation, a process whereby unsaturated (usually) organic compounds are attacked
Butylated_hydroxytoluene
Plant oil
(1994). "Autoxydation de l'huile d'argan Argania spinosa L. du Maroc" [Autoxidation of argan oil Argania spinoza L. from Morocco]. Sciences des Aliments
Argan_oil
Free radical toxicity
superoxide anion One-electron reduction state of O2, formed in many autoxidation reactions and by the electron transport chain. Rather unreactive but
Oxidative_stress
Organic compound with the formula P(OR)3
triethylphosphite is known to reduce certain hydroperoxides to alcohols formed by autoxidation: In this process the phosphite is converted to a phosphate ester. This
Phosphite_ester
Chemical compound
hydrocarbon. The compound is a precursor to the fragrance and scent muscone by autoxidation to cyclopentadecanol. Panten, Johannes; Surburg, Horst (2015). "Flavors
Cyclopentadecane
Chemical compound
4-chlorobenzaldehyde are the other isomers. Whereas benzaldehyde is prone to autoxidation, the 2-chloro derivatives are more air-stable. It is produced by hydrolysis
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde
Chemical element with atomic number 8 (O)
many organic compounds at or below room temperature in a process called autoxidation. Most of the organic compounds that contain oxygen are not made by direct
Oxygen
Organic compound; 6-sided hydrocarbon ring
1,6-dibromohexane. Although rather unreactive, cyclohexane undergoes autoxidation to give a mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol. The cyclohexanone–cyclohexanol
Cyclohexane
Aromatic organic chemical compound
2-phenylpropan-2-ol. It is produced by treatment of cumene with oxygen, an autoxidation. At temperatures >100 °C, oxygen is passed through liquid cumene: C 6H
Cumene_hydroperoxide
Organic compound containing the functional group R–CH=O
multimillion ton scale annually. Other large scale aldehydes are produced by autoxidation of hydrocarbons: benzaldehyde from toluene, acrolein from propylene,
Aldehyde
Radicals centered on boron atoms
autoxidized in the presence of oxygen. More than a century later, the autoxidation of organoboranes was revealed to occur through a radical mechanism by
Boryl_radicals
Isotope of hydrogen with one neutron
amounts of isotope-reinforced polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress lipid autoxidation". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 53 (4): 893–906. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed
Deuterium
Chemical compound
malondialdehyde during the autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nonenzymatic production of prostaglandin endoperoxides during autoxidation". J. Org. Chem
Malondialdehyde
CNS stimulant and isomer of amphetamine
hyperpyrexia, the excessive formation of reactive oxygen species, and increased autoxidation of dopamine. Animal models of neurotoxicity from high-dose amphetamine
Dextroamphetamine
Organic compound (C6H5OH)
reaction is proposed to proceed via formation of benzyoylsalicylate. Autoxidation of cyclohexylbenzene gives the hydroperoxide. Decomposition of this hydroperoxide
Phenol
Chemical compound
isolated from methanol extract of tempeh. It is effective in preventing autoxidation of soybean oil and powder, while antioxidant 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone
3-Hydroxyanthranilic_acid
Species of carnivorous plant
NADH-dependent diaphorases to produce superoxide and hydrogen peroxide upon autoxidation. Such oxidative modification could rupture animal cell membranes. Plumbagin
Venus_flytrap
Blue dye also used as a medication
Rajchakit U, Limpanuparb T (9 August 2016). "Rapid Blue Bottle experiment: Autoxidation of benzoin catalyzed by redox indicators". Journal of Chemical Education
Methylene_blue
Colorless gas with the formula NO
1139/p75-254. Galliker, Benedikt; et al. (2009). "Intermediates in the Autoxidation of Nitrogen Monoxide". Chemistry - A European Journal. 15 (25): 6161–6168
Nitric_oxide
Type of fatty acid defined by molecular bonds
polyunsaturated fatty acids have poor shelf life, owing to their tendency toward autoxidation, leading, in the case of edibles, to rancidification. Metals accelerate
Polyunsaturated_fat
Chemical compound
catalyst. In the presence of oxygen, the anthrahydroquinone then undergoes autoxidation: the labile hydrogen atoms of the hydroxy groups transfer to the oxygen
Hydrogen_peroxide
Polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid
cytochrome P450 enzymes (the CYP monooxygenases), and non-enzymatic autoxidation mechanisms to mono-hydroxyl products viz., 13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic
Linoleic_acid
Hydrocarbon compound; precursor to styrene and polystyrene
Ethylbenzene hydroperoxide, a reagent and radical initiator, is produced by autoxidation of ethylbenzene: C6H5CH2CH3 + O2 → C6H5CH(O2H)CH3 Ethylbenzene is added
Ethylbenzene
Chemical group (–CH2–CH=CH2)
polyunsaturated fatty acids have poor shelf life owing to their tendency toward autoxidation, leading, in the case of edibles, to rancidification. Metals accelerate
Allyl_group
Metalloprotein that binds with oxygen
intense oxidative stress caused by the production of hydrogen peroxide via autoxidation and/or monoamine oxidase (MAO)-mediated deamination of dopamine and the
Hemoglobin
Chemical compound
3-(2-carboxyethenyl)-cis,cis-muconate. Caffeic acid is susceptible to autoxidation. Glutathione and thiol compounds (cysteine, thioglycolic acid or thiocresol)
Caffeic_acid
Oil from the seed of the tung tree
containing three conjugated double bonds. They are especially sensitive to autoxidation, which encourages cross linking of neighbouring chains, hence hardening
Tung_oil
Chemical compound
which is given in the following scheme Cinnamic acid, obtained from autoxidation of cinnamaldehyde, is metabolized into sodium benzoate in the liver.
Cinnamic_acid
Painting implement
chemical crosslinking of the oils. The catalysts promote this free-radical autoxidation of the oils with air. Typical oil drying agents are derived from ions
Oil_drying_agent
Organic compound containing a sulfinyl group (>SO)
Hydrogen peroxide is a typical oxidant, but periodate has also been used. Autoxidation occurs through a hydroperoxy intermediate. In these oxidations, care
Sulfoxide
Central nervous system stimulant
hyperpyrexia, the excessive formation of reactive oxygen species, and increased autoxidation of dopamine. Animal models of neurotoxicity from high-dose amphetamine
Amphetamine
Group of chemical compounds
complex mixture of phenolics, found in food for example, can undergo autoxidation during the ageing process. Simple natural phenols can lead to the formation
Naturally_occurring_phenols
Chemical compound
to undergo autoxidation depending upon its environment [citation needed]. It has been seen that when in the presence of cyanide, autoxidation is favored
Myricetin
Chemical compound
which helps prevent propagation of free radical chain reactions such as autoxidation: C6H6O6•− + O2 ↛ {\displaystyle \not \rightarrow } C6H6O6 + O2•− However
Chemistry_of_ascorbic_acid
Heterocyclic organic compound,
Sánchez, Natalia; de Klerk, Arno (28 March 2018) [6 September 2017]. "Autoxidation of aromatics". Applied Petrochemical Research. 8: 69. doi:10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4
Furan
Chemical compound
1021/ja01638a012. A. Rieche, R. Meister (1936). "Modellversuche zur Autoxidation der Äther". Angewandte Chemie (in German). 49 (5): 101–103. Bibcode:1936AngCh
Diethyl_ether_peroxide
Chemical compound
reaction with phenylalanine ethyl ester. Diphenyl ketene is prone to autoxidation, in which the corresponding polyester is formed at temperatures above
Diphenylketene
German chemist (1868–1934)
Engler prompted Haber to explain autoxidation in electrochemical terms, differentiating between dry and wet autoxidation. Haber's examinations of the thermodynamics
Fritz_Haber
Sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells
called oxysterols. These can be formed by three different mechanisms: autoxidation, secondary oxidation to lipid peroxidation, and cholesterol-metabolizing
Cholesterol
Chemical compound
acid, with a pKa of 8.2. Peracetic acid is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde: O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H Peracetic acid is conventionally
Peracetic_acid
Chemical compound
Sánchez, Natalia; de Klerk, Arno (28 March 2018) [6 September 2017]. "Autoxidation of aromatics". Applied Petrochemical Research. 8: 59. doi:10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4
Phthalic_anhydride
French chemist
French chemist. With Charles Moureu, he conducted pioneer research of autoxidation and antioxidants. In 1921 he received his doctorate at Paris with the
Charles_Dufraisse
Chemical compound
of low density polyethylene. It is synthesized as a by-product in the autoxidation of cumene, which mainly affords cumene hydroperoxide. Alternatively,
Dicumyl_peroxide
Organic chemical that functions both as a hormone and a neurotransmitter
ferric iron or other factors. Quinones and free radicals produced by autoxidation of dopamine can poison cells, and there is evidence that this mechanism
Dopamine
Transparent hard protective finish or film
processes, primarily chemical reaction between oils and oxygen from the air (autoxidation) and chemical reactions between components of the varnish. Resin varnishes
Varnish
Medical condition
affinity. The pathophysiology of hemoglobin M disease involves heme iron autoxidation promoted by heme pocket structural alteration. There exists at least
Hemoglobin_M_disease
Type of unsaturated fat
correlates with the degree of saturation: polyunsaturated fats are prone to autoxidation whereas saturated fats, being virtually inert in air, have very long
Trans_fat
Chemical reaction whose product is also its catalyst
1890. The oxidation of hydrocarbons by air or oxygen is the basis of autoxidation. Like many radical reactions, the rate vs time plot shows a sigmoidal
Autocatalysis
Form of thermoplastic adhesive
Presence of unsaturated bonds makes the adhesive more susceptible to autoxidation and UV degradation and necessitates use of antioxidants and stabilizers
Hot-melt_adhesive
French chemist (1863–1929)
with Charles Dufraisse. This work led them to pioneering research into autoxidation and antioxidants. Moureu supported initiatives for international cooperation
Charles_Moureu
Human enzyme involved in inflammation
series of radical reactions analogous to polyunsaturated fatty acid autoxidation. The 13-pro(S) -hydrogen is abstracted and dioxygen traps the pentadienyl
Cyclooxygenase-2
Process of treating the surface of cooking vessels with oil
heated, multiple degradation reactions occur, including decomposition, autoxidation, thermal oxidation, polymerization, and cyclization. Among other processes
Seasoning_(cookware)
Chemical compound
hydrogenation of the terpenes pinene. Both isomers undergo reaction with air (autoxidation) to give 2-pinane hydroperoxides. Partial reduction of these isomers
Pinane
Oil obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant
upon exposure to oxygen in air. This polymerization, which is called autoxidation, results in the rigidification of the material. To prevent premature
Linseed_oil
American chemical engineer
International Research Fellowship "Mechanistic Modeling of Hydrocarbon Autoxidation: Theory and Application to the Study of Lubricant Degradation". Northwestern
Jim_Pfaendtner
Chemical compound
compound. In certain experimental conditions, oxidopamine will undergo autoxidation. This may result in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS),
Oxidopamine
Iron and oxygen-binding protein
"Unusually weak oxygen binding, physical properties, partial sequence, autoxidation rate and a potential phosphorylation site of beluga whale (Delphinapterus
Myoglobin
Stabilizer added to polymeric materials
4 %), liquid mixed metals (LMM) and other types. Antioxidants inhibit autoxidation that occurs when polymers reacts with atmospheric oxygen. Aerobic degradation
Polymer_stabilizer
vegetable oils and as such are prone to becoming rancid. This involves autoxidation of fatty acid chains containing carbon-carbon double bonds and ultimately
Natural_oil_polyols
Chemical compound
PMID 19199590 Barclay, L. R. C.; Locke, S. J.; MacNeil, J. M. (1985), "Autoxidation in micelles - Synergism of Vitamin-C with Lipid-Soluble Vitamin-E and
ABTS
Chemical compound
Welti; Imre Blank (2001). "Quantification of key odorants formed by autoxidation of arachidonic acid using isotope dilution assay". Lipids. 36 (7): 749–756
Trans-4,5-Epoxy-(E)-2-decenal
Aquatic, unicellular protists with two flagella
protein which binds to luciferin before acidification to protect it from autoxidation, and then releases it upon the structural change to make luciferin active
Dinoflagellate
Collections of neurons in the central nervous system
death than nonmelanized catecholaminergic neurons. Neuromelanin is an autoxidation byproduct of catecholamines, and it has been suggested that catecholaminergic
Catecholaminergic_cell_groups
Type of polymer degradation
on. These techniques measure the heat flow associated with oxidation. Autoxidation Photo-oxidation of polymers Weather testing of polymers Environmental
Thermal degradation of polymers
Thermal_degradation_of_polymers
Genus of trees
(1994). "Autoxydation de l'huile d'argan Argania spinosa L. du Maroc" [Autoxidation of argan oil Argania spinoza L. from Morocco]. Sciences des Aliments
Sideroxylon_spinosum
Chemical reaction
oxide-based catalyst. Other large scale aldehydes and ketones are produced by autoxidation of hydrocarbons: benzaldehyde from toluene, acrolein from propylene,
Alcohol_oxidation
Free-radical substitution, for instance free-radical halogenation and autoxidation. Free-radical addition reactions Intramolecular free radical reactions
Free-radical_reaction
Chemical compound
Neuenschwander, U.; Meier, E.; Hermans, I. (2011). "Peculiarities of β-pinene autoxidation". ChemSusChem. 4 (11): 1613–21. doi:10.1002/cssc.201100266. PMID 21901836
Β-Pinene
American pharmaceutical company
amounts of isotope-reinforced polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress lipid autoxidation". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 53 (4): 893–906. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed
Retrotope
Chemical compound
5774Y, doi:10.1021/ja00751a031 J.A. Howard; G.D. Mendenhall (1975), "Autoxidation and photooxidation of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran: A kinetic and product
1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran
Antioxidant compounds with vitamin E activity
(Report). Bangkok, Thailand: FAO Rome. Burton GW, Ingold KU (1981). "Autoxidation of biological molecules. 1. Antioxidant activity of vitamin E and related
Tocopherol
Chemical compound
Peter C. (2005-05-25). "14-Hydroxylation of opiates: catalytic direct autoxidation of codeinone to 14-hydroxycodeinone". Journal of the American Chemical
14-Hydroxycodeine
Chemical compound
cyclotrimerization. The triene is then hydrogenated to cyclododecane. Autoxidation by air in the presence of boric acid gives a mixture of cyclodecanol
Dodecanedioic_acid
Protein found in humans
induces lipid autoxidation in PUFA-rich membranes of both neurons and astrocytes, decreasing resistance to apoptosis. Lipid autoxidation is inhibited if
Alpha-synuclein
Chemical compound
cis- and trans-2-pinane hydroperoxides, which in turn are produced by autoxidation of pinane with air. Heating 2-pinanol gives linalool. "2-Pinanol". pubchem
2-Pinanol
Chemical compound
Sánchez, Natalia; de Klerk, Arno (28 March 2018) [6 September 2017]. "Autoxidation of aromatics". Applied Petrochemical Research. 8: 59. doi:10.1007/s13203-018-0199-4
1,4-Naphthoquinone
Mass of iodine absorbed by 100 grams of a given substance
11 and 14 between the double bonds Δ9, Δ12 and Δ15) is more prone to autoxidation than linoleic acid exhibiting one bis-allylic position (at C-11 between
Iodine_value
German chemist (1865–1943)
reactions of organic substances, especially the reactions of Acetylene and Autoxidation. He concentrated his further research activities on the chemistry of
Heinrich_Biltz
Chemical compound
796–800. doi:10.1021/ja01561a005. Hughes, M. N.; Nicklin, H. G. (1971). "Autoxidation of hydroxylamine in alkaline solutions". Journal of the Chemical Society
N-Methylhydroxylamine
Alteration in the polymer properties under the influence of environmental factors
exclusively thermal (i.e. without air). Reactions follow the general autoxidation mechanism, leading to the formation of organic peroxides and carbonyls
Polymer_degradation
Chemical compound
reactive carbonyls. Deulinoleate ethyl inhibits ferroptosis by stopping the autoxidation process through the kinetic isotope effect. The protective effect of
Deulinoleate_ethyl
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, French, German, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Muslim, Sindhi
Studious Person; One who Instruct; Lord; A Prophet's Name; Eager Lord; Impulsive; Lord of Fiery; Prophet's Name
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English bullok ‘bullock’ (Old English bulluc), referring to a young bull rather than a castrated one, probably applied as a nickname for an exuberant young man, or a metonymic occupational name for a keeper of bullocks.
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
A Midsummer Night's Dream' Father to Hermia.
Male
Norse
Variant form of Old Norse Guðfrøðr, composed of the elements guð "gods" and frið "love, peace," hence "God's peace."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Girl/Female
Indian
Regarded
Girl/Female
British, English, Spanish
Bright; Shining; Clear; Variant of Chrysantus
Boy/Male
Tamil
Curved, Lord Krishna
Boy/Male
Australian, Hebrew
God is My Judge
Girl/Female
Tamil
Rudrabhiravi | à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®°à®ªà®¿à®°à®¾à®µà¯€
Goddess Durga
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION
AUTOXIDATION