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Difference in valuation of a payoff when receiving it earlier versus later
In behavioral economics, time preference (or time discounting, delay discounting, temporal discounting, long-term orientation) is the current relative
Time_preference
To like one thing more than another
employed in psychology. It does not mean that a preference is necessarily stable over time. Preference can be notably modified by decision-making processes
Preference
Better to receive money now than later
may be seen as an implication of the later developed concept of time preference. The time value of money refers to the observation that it is better to
Time_value_of_money
Rate used for discounting future benefits or costs to society
r = d + n g {\displaystyle r=d+ng} , where d {\displaystyle d} is time preference, n {\displaystyle n} is the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption
Social_discount_rate
Interest seen as a reward for parting with liquidity
In macroeconomic theory, liquidity preference is the demand for money, considered as liquidity. The concept was first developed by John Maynard Keynes
Liquidity_preference
Continuous progression from past to future
arrow of time: preference for a certain time direction of weak force in particle physics (see violation of CP symmetry) Cosmological arrow of time, which
Time
Philosophical view which prioritises the long-term future
and pure time preference (valuing future benefits intrinsically less than present ones). Toby Ord argues that a nonzero pure time preference applied to
Longtermism
Type of card game originating in Austria
Préférence, frequently spelt Preference, is a Central and Eastern European 10-card plain-trick game with bidding, played by three players with a 32-card
Préférence
When a decision-maker's future preferences can contradict earlier preferences
inconsistency or time inconsistency is a situation in which a decision-maker's preferences change over time in such a way that a preference can become inconsistent
Dynamic_inconsistency
Stating a preference not truly held
Preference falsification is the act of misrepresenting a preference under perceived public pressure. It involves publicly expressing a preference that
Preference_falsification
Order by which an agent ranks alternatives based on their utility
In economics, and in other social sciences, preference refers to an order by which an agent, while in search of an "optimal choice", ranks alternatives
Preference_(economics)
Preference theory is a multidisciplinary (mainly sociological) theory developed by Catherine Hakim. It seeks both to explain and predict women's choices
Preference_theory
The Veterans' Preference Act is a United States federal law passed in 1944. It required the federal government to favor returning war veterans when hiring
Veterans'_Preference_Act
Economic concept
behavior. Revealed preference models assume that the preferences of consumers can be revealed by their purchasing habits. Revealed preference theory arose because
Revealed_preference
School of economic thought
of scarcity; when quantified as time preference, opportunity cost must also be valued with respect to one's preference for present versus future investments
Austrian_school_of_economics
Primary time standard globally used to regulate clocks and time
provision for them to happen at the end of March and September as a second preference as well. The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
Coordinated_Universal_Time
German-American anarcho-capitalist academic (born 1949)
complaint about Hoppe's lecture comments regarding homosexuals and time preference led to an investigation and non-disciplinary letter to Hoppe by UNLV
Hans-Hermann_Hoppe
Specification in economics of recursive utility
Epstein–Zin preferences refers to a specification of recursive utility. A recursive utility function can be constructed from two components,: a time aggregator
Epstein–Zin_preferences
Austrian economist (1851–1914)
increase productivity. He advanced an interest rate theory centered on time preference. He also wrote an extensive critique of Marxism and Marx's labor theory
Eugen_von_Böhm-Bawerk
American news magazine and website
content from various Time Warner publications based on the reader's preferences. The new magazine was met with a poor reception, with criticism that
Time_(magazine)
Planned duration over which an investment or decision is expected to be held
Simultaneous Policy Organization's SIMPOL campaign. Gap financing Race to the bottom Timetable (disambiguation) Time preference Simpol.org - Campaign concept
Time_horizon
Largely debunked theories that aim to account for differences in individuals' learning
time preference: evening, grouping preference, posture preference, mobility preference, sound preference, lighting preference, temperature preference
Learning_styles
Tariff reductions within the British Empire and Commonwealth
Imperial Preference was a system of mutual tariff reduction enacted throughout the British Empire following the Ottawa Conference of 1932. As Commonwealth
Imperial_Preference
Topics referred to by the same term
weight given to future consumption decreases in economic models Pure time preference, or utility discount rate, the rate at which the weight given to future
Discount_rate
MacOS application
System Settings (known as System Preferences prior to macOS Ventura) is an application in macOS that allows users to modify system settings, such as displays
System_Settings
Term in venture capital financing
to the preference amount over time. Occasionally the multiple shifts over time as well.[citation needed] Another distinction is that preferences may be
Liquidation_preference
Benefit derived from consuming a product
fundamental to understanding a variety of economic phenomena, such as time preference and the value of goods. Assumptions - All the units of a commodity
Marginal_utility
Seasonal change of clock settings
broadly takes three forms: a preference for year-round standard time, a preference for year-round daylight saving time, and a desire to "lock the clock"
Daylight_saving_time
Machine learning technique
align an intelligent agent with human preferences. It involves training a reward model to represent preferences, which can then be used to train other
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
Sum paid for the use of money
time preference argument: it is preferable to receive a given good now rather than in the future. Accordingly, interest is compensation for the time the
Interest
Consumer psychology
brand preference represents which brands are preferred under assumptions of equality in price and availability. In layman's terms, brand preference relates
Brand_preference
Japanese economist (1928–2014)
{{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Uzawa, Hirofumi (1968), "Time preference, the consumption function, and optimum asset holdings", in Wolfe, J
Hirofumi_Uzawa
American economist (1863–1949)
Fetter emphasized the importance of time preference and rebuffed Irving Fisher for abandoning the pure time preference theory of interest that Fisher had
Frank_Fetter
Desirable qualities in partners
shared (consensual) preferences – like preferences for kindness, intelligence, and health – as well as sex-differentiated preferences shaped by ancestral
Mate_choice_in_humans
Economic theory by Terry Pratchett
industry – Businesses that make most of their money from the poor Time preference – Difference in valuation of a payoff when receiving it earlier versus
Boots_theory
Economics concept
discounting, a time-consistent model of discounting. Many psychological studies have since demonstrated deviations in instinctive preference from the constant
Hyperbolic_discounting
Preferences in romantic partners
Dating preferences refers to the preferences that individuals have towards a potential partner when approaching the formation of a romantic relationship
Dating_preferences
Model of a class of bargaining games
process of negotiation. Rubinstein's key innovation was to incorporate time preference (discounting) and the threat of perpetual disagreement into a non-cooperative
Rubinstein_bargaining_model
Type of stock senior to common stock
Preferred stock (also called preferred shares, preference shares, or simply preferreds) is a component of share capital that may have any combination of
Preferred_stock
Legal term in bankruptcy law
An unfair preference (or "voidable preference") is a legal term arising in bankruptcy law where a person or company transfers assets or pays a debt to
Unfair_preference
total amount of atmospheric CO2 accumulation, carbon emissions have time preference -- they have higher value in the present than in the future. Exactly
Time_value_of_carbon
In United States agricultural policy, a grazing preference is the status of qualified holders of grazing permits acquired by grant, prior use, or purchase
Grazing_preference
Experiment in animal behavior
A preference test is an experiment in which animals are allowed free access to multiple environments which differ in one or more ways. Various aspects
Preference_test
shocks that are uninsured. This model allows for the individuals’ time preference rate to differ from the markets’ interest rate. Findings of the model
Precautionary_savings
Utility of a future event as perceived now versus when it occurs
time preference for sooner rather than later gratification, it is less than the future utility. The utility of an event x occurring at future time t under
Discounted_utility
Study of how people select the food they eat
organoleptic qualities of food). Factors that guide food choice include taste preference, sensory attributes, cost, availability, convenience, cognitive restraint
Food_choice
Canadian educator (born 1942)
behavioral economics in the early ’70s. Their first published paper was “Time preference, delay of gratification and the intergenerational transmission of economic
Shlomo_Maital
1880's book series by Eugen Böhm von Bawerk
abstinence theories, and many more. In this work Böhm-Bawerk built upon the time preference ideas of Carl Menger, insisting that there is always a difference in
Capital_and_Interest
Branch of economics
economic outcomes. Here, 'culture' is defined by shared beliefs and preferences of respective groups. Programmatic issues include whether and how much
Cultural_economics
Trick-taking game
Preferans (Russian: преферанс, IPA: [prʲɪfʲɪˈrans]) or Russian Preference is a 10-card plain-trick game with bidding, played by three or four players with
Preferans
Gender preference issue in China
Son preference in China is a gender preference issue underpinned by the belief that boys have more value than girls. In China, the bias towards male over
Son_preference_in_China
Networking protocol for clock synchronization
servers available to the client. Servers should be listed in order of preference, allowing the client to select the most appropriate source. Option code:
Network_Time_Protocol
Method of calculating an investment's rate of return
even. IRR accounts for the time preference of money and investments. A given return on investment received at a given time is worth more than the same
Internal_rate_of_return
subjective time preference rate, r {\displaystyle r} is the constant interest rate, and E 1 {\displaystyle E_{1}} is the conditional expectation at time period
Random walk model of consumption
Random_walk_model_of_consumption
Current worth of a future sum discounted to today
will choose $100 today. This is described by economists as time preference. Time preference can be measured by auctioning off a risk free security—like
Present_value
Subjective physical trait
children, Borgi et al. (2014) asserted that the children showed a viewing time preference toward the eyes of "high infantile" faces of dogs, cats and humans
Cuteness
US prototype tank destroyer
eight-cylinder water-cooled engines. Production began in 1943, however by this time preference had shifted to tracked anti-tank vehicles, and the T55E1 was cancelled
T55E1_gun_motor_carriage
Mathematical model as an economic concept
β − 1 {\displaystyle \delta =1/\beta -1} being the agent's rate of time preference r t = R t − 1 ≥ δ {\displaystyle r_{t}=R_{t}-1\geq \delta } being the
Consumption_smoothing
Neurological description of sugar preference
Sugar preference is a biological phenomenon where sugar is favored over artificial sweeteners by both humans and animals. All animals need sugar as their
Sugar_preference
Predicting someone's future emotions (affect)
affect (emotional state) in the future. As a process that influences preferences, decisions, and behavior, affective forecasting is studied by both psychologists
Affective_forecasting
Inheritance by the eldest, usually male, child
in the West since World War II, eliminate the preference for males over females (absolute male-preference primogeniture). Most monarchies in Europe have
Primogeniture
exponent and identical rate of time preference between beginning-of-period and end-of-period consumption. In a discrete time dynamic portfolio optimization
Hyperbolic absolute risk aversion
Hyperbolic_absolute_risk_aversion
Plurality voting system
First-past-the-post (FPTP) — also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality — is a single-winner voting rule. Each voter
First-past-the-post_voting
Australian parliamentary by-election
preferences respectively after the three candidates attended a forum she organised. Political parties recommend to voters how they should preference candidates
2026_Farrer_by-election
Mathematical formula in macroeconomics
equation relating the rate of change of consumption with interest rates, time preference, and (intertemporal) elasticity of substitution. If derived from a
Keynes–Ramsey_rule
Kiyotaki and Moore assume two types of decision makers, with different time preference rates: "patient" and "impatient." The "patient" agents are called "gatherers"
Kiyotaki–Moore_model
apply year-round summer time (UTC+02:00), with 37% in favour of year-round winter time (UTC+01:00) and 4% expressing no preference.[needs update] Since GMT
Time_in_France
Form of egalitarianism
people fundamentally have different asset-management capacities. See Time preference and Deferred gratification. American Labour Movement Baby bonds Child
Asset-based_egalitarianism
Economic model which weighs rewards based on when they are received
Frederick & George Loewenstein & Ted O'Donoghue, 2002. "Time Discounting and Time Preference: A Critical Review," ;;Journal of Economic Literature;;,
Discount_function
Multi-winner electoral system
candidates, and their vote may be transferred according to alternative preferences if their preferred candidate is eliminated or elected with surplus votes
Single_transferable_vote
American academic
Attribute substitution in intuitive judgment (with D. Kahneman) Time discounting and time preference: a critical review (with T. O'Donoghue) "Yale University
Shane_Frederick
Preferential tariff system
the MFN that permitted tariff preferences to be granted to developing country goods. Both these waivers were limited in time to ten years. In 1979, the GATT
Generalized System of Preferences
Generalized_System_of_Preferences
Percentage of a sum of money charged for its use
delays spending the money on consumption goods. Since according to time preference theory people prefer goods now to goods later, in a free market there
Interest_rate
The Cargo Preference Act or Cargo Preference refers generally to legal requirements for the carriage of government-impelled cargoes on the vessels flagged
Cargo_Preference_Act
Perception of events' position in time
PMC 9751844. PMID 36154397. Bateson M, Kacelnik A (June 1997). "Starlings' preferences for predictable and unpredictable delays to food". Animal Behaviour.
Time_perception
Faced by a decision-maker considering present, future
utilities discounted back to the present at the consumer's rate of time preference, would be maximized with respect to the amounts xt consumed in each
Intertemporal budget constraint
Intertemporal_budget_constraint
Restriction on preferences in social choice
Single-peaked preferences are a class of preference relations. A group has single-peaked preferences over a set of outcomes if the outcomes can be ordered
Single_peaked_preferences
Research that examines the processes of thinking of oneself in the future
4324/9780203865972. ISBN 9780203865972. Frederick, Shane (2003). "Time preference and personal identity". Time and Decision: 89–113. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.471.8534. Aron
Future_self
Atypical sexual attraction
sexual arousal or attraction to anything not sexual by nature, though preference is favored for specific designations. Paraphilia has also been defined
Paraphilia
German writer and economist (born 1966)
a staunch critic of fractional-reserve banking; as a critic of the time-preference theory of interest; for his "reconsideration" of Austrian Capital Theory
Jörg_Guido_Hülsmann
Top-two primary election
they did not endorse. The nonpartisan (jungle) primary disregards party preference in determining the candidates to advance to the general election, and
Nonpartisan_primary
indicated 93% support for abolishing the time change and adopting UTC−07:00 year-round, and a 54% preference for doing so in alignment with neighbouring
Time_in_British_Columbia
1913–1927 novel in seven volumes by Marcel Proust
begin spending time together, but he starts to suspect her of lesbianism and of lying to him about her activities. He fakes a preference for her friend
In_Search_of_Lost_Time
and employed in cost-benefit analysis. It is an attempt to value the time preference of society. In 2003 the rate was revalued from 6% to 3.5%. John Porter;
Treasury_test_discount_rate
Erotic attraction to shoes
penchants) called Fanchette's Foot, which preference or penchant seems to have been if not "all the rage" at the time at least known to have been practiced
Shoe_fetishism
user’s preference. However, despite the availability and use of the 24-hour format on devices, Filipinos generally continue to pronounce and express time using
Date and time notation in the Philippines
Date_and_time_notation_in_the_Philippines
Economy related to space exploration
Kugman's paper, the economist Tyler Cowen speculated on how time travel affects time preference discounting. In 2009, Adam Chodorow, professor of law at
Space_trade
Israeli-American economist (born 1953)
1773–1796. Galor, O., Özak, Ömer (2016). The Agricultural Origins of Time Preference. American Economic Review, 106(10), pp. 3064–3103. Archived from [3]
Oded_Galor
Identifier for a time offset from UTC of +1
were consulted, revealed a slight preference for a change to all-year GMT+1, but instead the length of summer time was extended as a trial. A further
British_Summer_Time
Preference given to applicants related to alumni
Legacy preference or legacy admission is a preference given by an institution or organization to certain applicants on the basis of their familial relationship
Legacy_preferences
defines an age disparity, have developed over time and vary among societies. Differences in age preferences for mates can stem from partner availability
Age disparity in sexual relationships
Age_disparity_in_sexual_relationships
History of Apple's current Mac operating system
is exclusively available through the System Settings software update preference pane, as is the case with iOS. macOS Golden Gate was announced on June
MacOS_version_history
International standards for dates and times
separator between the time element and its fraction. (Following ISO 80000-1 according to ISO 8601:1-2019, it does not stipulate a preference except within International
ISO_8601
field of genoeconomics uses genetic data to infer economic preferences such as time preference, risk aversion, and educational attainment, as well as macroeconomic
Genoeconomics
Extensible multimedia architecture by Apple
user although the option to "Show legacy encoders" exists in QuickTime Preferences to use them. The framework supports the following file types and codecs
QuickTime
Container for astronauts' personal items
The Personal Preference Kit (PPK) is a container used to carry the personal items of astronauts during the Gemini, Apollo, Space Shuttle, and International
Personal_preference_kit
Characteristic in consumer theory
In consumer theory, a consumer's preferences are called homothetic if they can be represented by a utility function which is homogeneous of degree 1.
Homothetic_preferences
Resistance of an immediate reward in return for a greater reward later
Delaying gratification is the reverse of delay discounting, which is "the preference for smaller immediate rewards over larger but delayed rewards" and refers
Delayed_gratification
Tradeoff between investment return and risk
them), but the return is positive because there is still both the time-preference and inflation premium components of minimum expected rates of return
Risk–return_spectrum
Pavlovian conditioning
Conditioned place preference (CPP) is a form of Pavlovian conditioning used to measure the motivational effects of objects or experiences. This motivation
Conditioned_place_preference
TIME PREFERENCE
TIME PREFERENCE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably from an otherwise unrecorded Old English personal name, cognate with the attested Continental Germanic form Timmo. This is of uncertain origin, perhaps a short form of Dietmar. The personal name Timothy was not in use in England until Tudor times, and is therefore not a likely source of this surname, which is medieval in origin.North German and Dutch : from a short form of the medieval personal name Dietmar.
Surname or Lastname
Italian (Sicily; Tinè)
Italian (Sicily; Tinè) : most probably an occupational name for a comb maker, from a reduced form of medieval Greek kteneas, from ktenion ‘comb’ + the occupational suffix -eas.English (mainly Yorkshire) : variant of Tyne.Perhaps also an Americanized spelling of German Thein.
Male
Greek
(Τίμω) Short form of Greek Timon, TIMO means "honor." Compare with another form of Timo.
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Without flaw.
Girl/Female
Danish, Dutch, German, Latin
War-like; Female Version of Martin; Follower of Christ
Boy/Male
Spanish
one who honors God.
Surname or Lastname
English (Northamptonshire)
English (Northamptonshire) : from the Old French form of the Latin personal name Titus. Compare Tito.French : from the Germanic personal name Tito, derived from theudo ‘people’, ‘race’.
Male
English
Short form of English Timothy, TIMO means "to honor God." Compare with other forms of Timo.
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, French, Romanian, Russian
Goodness; Nice
Surname or Lastname
Cambodian
Cambodian : unexplained.English : variant of Timm.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Timms.
Girl/Female
African, Australian, Swahili
Full of Happiness
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a lime burner or for a whitewasher, from Old English līm ‘lime’.
Female
Greek
(Τίμω) Feminine form of Greek Timon, TIMO means "honor." Compare with masculine Timo.
Boy/Male
French, German, Latin
Much Loved
Biblical
headdress
Male
Finnish
Short form of Finnish Timofei, TIMO means "to honor God." Compare with other forms of Timo.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from the personal name Timm.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a female name Tezia, Teucia, Tietsa, pet forms of Continental Germanic compound names formed with the unattested element þēudo ‘people’, ‘race’.Americanized spelling of German Theiss or possibly Theus.Possibly an altered spelling of Dutch Tijs, from a short form of Matthijs, Dutch form of Matthew.
Male
English
Short form of English Timothy, TIM means "to honor God."
TIME PREFERENCE
TIME PREFERENCE
Boy/Male
Arabic, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
A Prophet's Name; The Biblical Noah is the English Language Equivalent; Name of Prophet
Boy/Male
African, Australian, Christian, Hindu, Indian
Smart; God has Given
Girl/Female
Indian
Female
Yiddish
Variant spelling of Yiddish Sheina, SHEINE means "beautiful."
Girl/Female
Biblical
My peace, my happiness, my recompense.
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Dinah, DINA means "judgment." Compare with another form of Dina.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Shepherd
Girl/Female
Indian
Simplicity and purity
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, Muslim
Perfect; Complete; Flawless; Perfection
Surname or Lastname
Norwegian
Norwegian : habitational name from any of several farmsteads named Gardnes, probably from Old Norse garðr ‘fence’ + nes ‘headland’.English (Worcester) : variant spelling of Garniss, of uncertain origin, perhaps a derivative of Old French gernon ‘moustache’.
TIME PREFERENCE
TIME PREFERENCE
TIME PREFERENCE
TIME PREFERENCE
TIME PREFERENCE
prep.
Time; period; season.
v. t.
To cover with tiles; as, to tile a house.
v. t.
To treat with lime, or oxide or hydrate of calcium; to manure with lime; as, to lime hides for removing the hair; to lime sails in order to whiten them.
superl.
Reduced from a state of native wildness and shyness; accustomed to man; domesticated; domestic; as, a tame deer, a tame bird.
n.
Performance or occurrence of an action or event, considered with reference to repetition; addition of a number to itself; repetition; as, to double cloth four times; four times four, or sixteen.
pl.
of Time
v. t.
To appoint the time for; to bring, begin, or perform at the proper season or time; as, he timed his appearance rightly.
a.
Done at an improper time; ill-timed.
v. t.
To cause to float with the tide; to drive or carry with the tide or stream.
v. i.
To keep or beat time; to proceed or move in time.
v. t.
To ascertain or record the time, duration, or rate of; as, to time the speed of horses, or hours for workmen.
v. i.
To pass time; to delay.
v. t.
To regulate as to time; to accompany, or agree with, in time of movement.
imp. & p. p.
of Time
n.
The measured duration of sounds; measure; tempo; rate of movement; rhythmical division; as, common or triple time; the musician keeps good time.
n.
A proper time; a season; an opportunity.
n.
To pour a tide or flood.
n.
A particular period or part of duration, whether past, present, or future; a point or portion of duration; as, the time was, or has been; the time is, or will be.
n.
The period at which any definite event occurred, or person lived; age; period; era; as, the Spanish Armada was destroyed in the time of Queen Elizabeth; -- often in the plural; as, ancient times; modern times.
superl.
Deficient in spirit or animation; spiritless; dull; flat; insipid; as, a tame poem; tame scenery.