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Computer hardware interface
Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It was developed by Intel in collaboration
Thunderbolt_(interface)
Digital audiovisual data interface
protocol ecosystem List of display interfaces DisplayPort Thunderbolt (interface) "China's General Purpose Media Interface "GPMI" set to deliver up to 192Gbps
GPMI
Computer expansion bus standard
ExpressCard or Thunderbolt interface. An ExpressCard interface provides bit rates of 5 Gbit/s (0.5 GB/s throughput), whereas a Thunderbolt interface provides
PCI_Express
Danish fabless semiconductor company
IPtronics first announced it would develop Thunderbolt technology (original code-name Light Peak) in 2009. Thunderbolt was brought to market by Apple in February
IPtronics
Standard for computer data connections
Thunderbolt 3 protocols, namely PCI Express (PCIe, load/store interface) and DisplayPort (display interface). USB4 also adds host-to-host interfaces.
USB
Topics referred to by the same term
team Thunderbolt (interface), a computer peripheral connector Apple Thunderbolt Display, a computer monitor HTC ThunderBolt, a cell phone Thunderbolt (car)
Thunderbolt_(disambiguation)
24-pin USB connector system
audiovisual data interface HDMI – Digital audiovisual data interface HDMI § Version 2.1 Thunderbolt (interface) – Computer hardware interface USB hardware –
USB-C
Wiring scheme for multiple devices
support daisy chaining according to JTAG daisy chaining guidelines. Thunderbolt (interface) also supports daisy-chained devices such as RAID arrays and computer
Daisy chain (electrical engineering)
Daisy_chain_(electrical_engineering)
Variant of Serial ATA meant for external connectivity
before being largely displaced by USB 3.0 and, later, USB-C and Thunderbolt interfaces. Minimum transmit potential increased: Range is 500–600 mV instead
ESATA
Digital audiovisual data interface
1.4b specification. List of display interfaces DisplayPort GPMI Serial digital interface Thunderbolt (interface) USB-C Wireless HDMI "Members". HDMI
HDMI
Ninth generation of Microsoft Surface Pro
rate 2 USB-C ports with Thunderbolt 4 Up to 1 TB of SSD storage. Up to 32 GB of memory 4K video camera support. Thunderbolt 4 support is only available
Surface_Pro_9
Serial bus interface standard
disable the entire FireWire interface, or opt to not use FireWire or other hardware like PCMCIA, PC Card, ExpressCard or Thunderbolt, which expose DMA to external
FireWire
Device used to interface audio signals with a computer
computer interfaces such as FireWire, USB, and eventually Thunderbolt instead. Although there is a degree of functional overlap, audio interfaces are differentiated
Audio_interface
Topics referred to by the same term
Terabit (Tb), a unit of information (often measuring data transfer) Thunderbolt (interface) Test bench T.B. (Thompson Brothers), a three-wheeled cyclecar manufactured
TB
Fiber-optic technology
Fiber-optic cable Interconnect bottleneck Optical communication Thunderbolt (interface) Bek, Jesper (2008-06-09). "Parallel Optical Interconnects". IPtronics
Parallel_optical_interface
Third major version of the Universal Serial Bus standard
developing a new chipset, or a strategy by Intel to favor its new Thunderbolt interface. Apple, Inc. announced laptops with USB 3.0 ports on 11 June 2012
USB_3.0
Eighth generation of Microsoft Surface Pro
The device is the first Surface Pro to include two USB-C ports with Thunderbolt 4. Like previous models, the built-in kickstand unfolds from 0 degrees
Surface_Pro_8
Computer storage device with no moving parts
interface, with modern versions like USB 3.1 Gen 2 supporting speeds of up to 10 Gbit/s. Thunderbolt: Some high-end external SSDs use the Thunderbolt
Solid-state_drive
CIA files on cyber war and surveillance
These included the Sonic Screwdriver malware that could use the Thunderbolt interface to bypass Apple's password firmware protection. On 31 March 2017
Vault_7
Japanese manga series
Mobile Suit Gundam Thunderbolt (Japanese: 機動戦士ガンダム サンダーボルト, Hepburn: Kidō Senshi Gandamu Sandāboruto) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated
Mobile Suit Gundam Thunderbolt
Mobile_Suit_Gundam_Thunderbolt
Hardware component that connects a computer to a network
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface) is a computer
Network_interface_controller
Electrical or optical connectors for carrying audio and video signals
signals. Audio interfaces or video interfaces define physical parameters and interpretation of signals. Some connectors and interfaces carry either audio
Audio and video interfaces and connectors
Audio_and_video_interfaces_and_connectors
Software interface
Host Interface defined in the USB4 Specification. It makes operating system to manage USB4 Host Route for USB, DisplayPort, PCI Express, Thunderbolt or
Host controller interface (USB, Firewire)
Host_controller_interface_(USB,_Firewire)
High-fidelity digital video signal
PCI Express (partly multi-channel) or ExpressCard, USB 3.0 and Thunderbolt interface also for 2160p (4K resolution). Software for recording uncompressed
Uncompressed_video
Digital audio workstation
distributed through Macintosh MIDI interface manufacturer Assimilation, which manufactured the first MIDI interface for the Mac in 1985. Starting from
Pro_Tools
Specification for expansion and memory cards
desktop graphics card enclosures and other peripherals that interface with PCI Express, Thunderbolt has supplanted ExpressCard in that role due to its faster
ExpressCard
Topics referred to by the same term
discharge in the atmosphere or between the atmosphere and the ground Thunderbolt, a symbolic representation of lightning accompanied by a loud thunderclap
Lightning_bolt
Miniaturized version of the DisplayPort connector
connectors Thunderbolt – The Thunderbolt and Thunderbolt 2 interfaces used the Mini DisplayPort connector. (Thunderbolt 3, Thunderbolt 4, and Thunderbolt 5 use
Mini_DisplayPort
Storage connectivity product manufacturer
software and acceleration software with storage interface connectivity to SATA, SAS, Fibre Channel, Thunderbolt devices, Ethernet and NVMe. The company was
ATTO_Technology
predicted to supersede Intel's own Light Peak in the coming years. Thunderbolt (interface) Light Peak Ethernet LAN party LAN FireWire "PC Component". "Intel
Hella_Zippy
portable hard drive January 2012— Introduces a disaster protected Thunderbolt (interface), rugged portable SSD, with Intel January 2013— NAS product named
IoSafe
Data transfer channel connecting parts of a computer
IEEE 1394 interface (FireWire) RS-232 Thunderbolt USB Futurebus InfiniBand PCI Express External Cabling QuickRing Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Small
Bus_(computing)
System expansion slot in early Apple computers
that a PDS would not be practical and instead adopted PCIe and Thunderbolt (interface). The last implementation resembling such a slot by Apple is the
Processor_direct_slot
Intel bus for connecting CPU and I/O chipset
In computing, Direct Media Interface (DMI) is Intel's proprietary link between the northbridge (or CPU) and southbridge (e.g. Platform Controller Hub
Direct_Media_Interface
Legacy expansion adapter for the Thunderbolt computer bus interface
expansion adapter for the Thunderbolt computer bus interface, which added support for SAS, SATA, fibre optic and Ethernet interfaces. The adapter could support
Thunderlink
Type of computer security breach
privilege escalation. In 2019 a vulnerability named "Thunderclap" in Intel Thunderbolt ports found on many PCs was announced which could allow a rogue actor
Evil_maid_attack
Interface used for connecting storage devices
or Non-Volatile Memory Host Controller Interface Specification (NVMHCIS) is an open, logical-device interface specification for accessing a computer's
NVM_Express
Boot mode on certain Macintosh computers
Wi-Fi, which TDM does not. Neither supports USB; however, Thunderbolt-to-FireWire, Thunderbolt-to-Gigabit-Ethernet, and USB-3.0-to-Gigabit-Ethernet adapters
Target_Disk_Mode
Computer bus interface for storage devices
SATA (Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface announced in 2000 that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives
SATA
2025 operating system version
several features and improvements, mainly focused on the user interface. The user interface has been substantially redesigned for the first time since macOS
MacOS_Tahoe
Digital display interface
though some applications of DisplayPort implement more, such as the Thunderbolt 3 interface which implements up to 8 lanes of DisplayPort. In a standard DisplayPort
DisplayPort
Computer bus used for data storage systems
such as IEEE 1394, USB, SCSI, NVMe and Thunderbolt. Disk drive interfaces have evolved from simple interfaces requiring complex controllers to attach
Hard_disk_drive_interface
Video or display resolutions with a width of around 5,000 pixels
and display both require support for advanced connection interfaces, since traditional interfaces such as VGA or DVI don't provide adequate bandwidth for
5K_resolution
member companies of VESA, as a low-cost alternative to Thunderbolt, for use as a docking interface for laptops and other mobile devices. The Texas Instruments
DockPort
Line of notebook computers
be available through another part of the interface. Also criticized were non-compatibility between Thunderbolt 2 and 3 devices. Some found unpleasant the
MacBook_Pro_(Intel-based)
Displays sold by Apple Inc.
2011 Apple released the Apple Thunderbolt Display, replacing the Mini DisplayPort and USB connector with a Thunderbolt plug for display and data. A Gigabit
Apple_displays
Computer monitor sold by Apple Inc.
2019 Mac Pro. It is the first Apple-branded display since the Apple Thunderbolt Display was discontinued in 2016. "XDR" stands for "Extreme Dynamic Range"
Pro_Display_XDR
This is a list of interface bit rates, a measure of information transfer rate, or digital bandwidth capacity, at which digital interfaces in a computer or
List_of_interface_bit_rates
2024 operating system version
(excluding the 2019 16-inch model and the 2020 13-inch model with four Thunderbolt 3 ports), 2018 Mac Mini, and the 2020 Intel MacBook Air, as its successor
MacOS_Sequoia
macOS backup software application
commonly used with external disk drives connected using either USB or Thunderbolt. It was introduced in Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard, which was released in October
Time_Machine_(macOS)
Microprocessor functions outside of, but closely connected to, the core
pipeline, on-die memory controller, on-die PCI Express Root Complex, and Thunderbolt controller. Integration of these functions into the core makes them physically
Uncore
American 30mm autocannon
famously mounted in the United States Air Force's Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II. Designed to destroy a wide variety of ground targets, the Avenger
GAU-8_Avenger
Piece of computer hardware
PCI. Some mobile computers support an external graphics card through Thunderbolt (via PCIe). A monitor is a standalone display commonly used with a desktop
Output_device
Desktop computer by Apple
debuted with the M4 and M4 Pro chips, with the M4 Pro computers supporting Thunderbolt 5 for the first time. A server version of the Mac Mini bundled with the
Mac_Mini
Unit of measurement
gigabytes per second 8 terabits per second Binary prefix Bit rate List of interface bit rates Orders of magnitude (bit rate) Orders of magnitude (data) Metric
Data-rate_units
Operating system for Apple computers
featuring an interface resembling the classic Mac OS, though it was not compatible with software designed for the older system. The all new interface and operating
MacOS
Tablet computer developed by Apple in 2025
include GPS/GNSS. The M5 also supports external display connectivity via Thunderbolt/USB 4, with capability for one external display at up to 6K resolution
IPad_Pro_(M5)
Digital video codecs and tape formats
using the UVC protocol. Full-quality DV can also be captured via USB or Thunderbolt by using separate hardware that receives DV data from the camcorder over
DV_(video_format)
Circuit board for connecting to a computer system to add functionality
parallel to the motherboard. Expansion cards allow the capabilities and interfaces of a computer system to be extended or supplemented in a way appropriate
Expansion_card
2013 operating system version
LinkedIn sharing integration. IPoTB (Internet Protocol over Thunderbolt Bridge) Thunderbolt networking is supported in Mavericks. This feature allows the
OS_X_Mavericks
Original SCSI storage interface
Parallel SCSI (formally, SCSI Parallel Interface, or SPI) is the earliest of the interface implementations in the SCSI family. SPI is a parallel bus;
Parallel_SCSI
2026 operating system version
the MacBook Pro (16-inch, 2019), the MacBook Pro (13-inch, 2020, four Thunderbolt 3 ports), and the iMac (2020), ending support for x86-64 processors.
MacOS_Golden_Gate
Expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display device
expected to complement the interface, not replace it. USB-C is an extensible connector used for USB, display port, thunderbolt, power delivery. The USB-C
Graphics_card
communication Optical link Optoelectronics Parallel optical interface PCI Express Terabit Ethernet Thunderbolt G. Oganessyan, Active Cable Interconnects for High-Speed
Active_cable
15-pin video connector
VGA connectors, but newer digital interfaces such as DVI, HDMI, and DisplayPort (sometimes via USB or Thunderbolt) have largely displaced VGA, and modern
VGA_connector
Cyberattack exploiting high-speed expansion ports
DMA. The tool can attack over FireWire, Thunderbolt, ExpressCard, PC Card and any other PCI/PCIe interfaces.: carm." 28 June 2019 – via GitHub. Alex
DMA_attack
Family of personal computers made by Apple
the model, current Macs provide USB4 and Thunderbolt 4 or Thunderbolt 5 connectivity; supported Thunderbolt 5 models reach transfer rates of up to 120 Gbit/s
Mac_(computer)
American-French computer hardware company
terabytes of data, with a choice of interfaces (FireWire 400, FireWire 800, eSATA, USB 2.0, USB 3.0, Thunderbolt, and Ethernet). LaCie also has a series
LaCie
Failed USB-C alternate mode proposal
data I2C wire to control the USB Billboard interface, in case the cable is plugged into an unsupported interface. VBUS carrying power to HMD visor GND ground
VirtualLink
Monitor Ports Pinouts and other technical information; lacks more recent interfaces such as HDMI PC Graphics standard overview Simple table of PC video standards
List_of_video_connectors
Comparison of a wide range of bit rates
(kibibit) = 210 bits = 1024 bits = 128 bytes Data-rate units List of interface bit rates Spectral efficiency Orders of magnitude (data) Orders of magnitude
Orders of magnitude (bit rate)
Orders_of_magnitude_(bit_rate)
2020 operating system version
since OS X Yosemite six years earlier, macOS Big Sur features a user interface redesign. It features new blurs to establish a visual hierarchy, along
MacOS_Big_Sur
Line of all-in-one desktop computers by Apple
model was given faster Haswell processors and its two Thunderbolt ports were updated to Thunderbolt 2. Secondary storage was also upgraded to a 1TB Fusion
IMac_(Intel-based)
Communication connector using the USB protocol
added connection-oriented video and audio interfacing abilities (DisplayPort) and compatibility to Thunderbolt 3+. Unlike other data buses (such as Ethernet)
USB_hardware
German music software and hardware company
Steinberg AXR4 – 28x24 Thunderbolt 2 Audio Interface with 32-Bit Integer Recording and RND SILK Steinberg UR824 – 24x24 USB 2.0 audio interface with 8x D-PREs
Steinberg
One of the two chips in the core logic chipset architecture on a PC motherboard
and lower-speed peripheral interfaces. The northbridge typically handled high-speed connections such as RAM and GPU interfaces, while the southbridge managed
Southbridge_(computing)
Intel microprocessor compatible socket
this video interface starting with Skylake. HDMI 2.0 (4K@60 Hz) is only supported on motherboards equipped with Intel's Alpine Ridge Thunderbolt controller
LGA_1151
Professional storage products by Sandisk and Western Digital
pro, photography and A/V markets. Its USB, FireWire, eSATA, SAS, SCSI Thunderbolt, and Fibre Channel systems support all levels of audio/video production
SanDisk_Professional
Automatic recognition and initialization of hardware components without user intervention
self-configuring devices. These interfaces include: IEEE 1394 (FireWire) PCI, Mini PCI PCI Express, Mini PCI Express, Thunderbolt PCMCIA, PC Card, ExpressCard
Plug_and_play
Series of computers by Apple
line also lacked then-current technologies like SATA III, USB 3, and Thunderbolt, the last of which had been added to every other Macintosh at that point
Mac_Pro
Integrated circuit that interfaces flash memory to a host like a PC
manufacturers List of solid-state drive manufacturers Interfaces Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) Fibre Channel (FC) NVM Express (NVMe) PCI Express
Flash_memory_controller
Short distance computer network
between peripherals. Example technologies include USB, IEEE 1394, and Thunderbolt. A wireless personal area network (WPAN) is a personal area network in
Personal_area_network
2014. Retrieved February 25, 2021. Travis, Ben (March 7, 2025). "In Thunderbolts*, Avengers Tower Is Now Val's 'Watchtower': 'A Symbol Of Things Taking
Features of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Features_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe
2026 laptop by Google
peak brightness and Gorilla Glass. It uses a 71Wh battery. It supports Thunderbolt 4, USB-C, DisplayPort and USB Power Delivery. The Acer Googlebook 14
Acer_Googlebook_14
Marvel Comics fictional character
with Rogue and Sunfire, Lady Deathstrike resurfaced as a member of the Thunderbolts and was assigned to pursue the Secret Avengers, who resisted the Superhuman
Lady_Deathstrike
Intel microprocessor family
link with Intel 600 series PCH chipsets (from DMI 3.0 x8) Integrated Thunderbolt 4 and WiFi 6E support Supported via PCH on desktop processors Directly
Alder_Lake
Disk encryption software for Microsoft Windows
DMA attacks via Thunderbolt 3 ports. "Kernel Direct Memory access (DMA) Protection" only protects against attacks through Thunderbolt. Direct Memory Access
BitLocker
2009 American film by McG
Ashdown's orders and instead awaits John's signal. Marcus enters the base, interfaces with the computer, and disables perimeter defenses so that John can infiltrate
Terminator_Salvation
Specialized electronic circuit that accelerates graphics
respectively), a Thunderbolt 1, 2, or 3 port (PCIe ×4, up to 10, 20, or 40 gigabits per second respectively), a USB4 port with Thunderbolt compatibility
Graphics_processing_unit
Network packet distribution with multiple cores
For transmission, XPS is important. Packets coming into the network interface card (NIC) are processed and loaded to the receiving queues managed by
Multi-core network packet steering
Multi-core_network_packet_steering
2013 processor microarchitecture
Variable Base clock (BClk) like LGA 2011. Optional support for Thunderbolt technology and Thunderbolt 2.0 Shrink of the Platform Controller Hub (PCH), from 65
Haswell_(microarchitecture)
commonly used with external disk drives connected using either USB or Thunderbolt. Archive Utility (BOMArchiveHelper until Mac OS X 10.5) is the default
List_of_built-in_macOS_apps
2026 laptop by Google
Asus Googlebook 14 uses a 70Wh battery. The ASUS Googlebook 14 supports Thunderbolt 4, USB-C, HDMI, Intel Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 6.0. The Asus Googlebook
Asus_Googlebook_14
Computer connection
they create them inside the dock using converters. Typically USB-C or Thunderbolt-3 based, they incorporate a range of converters such as USB display adapters
Docking_station
American audio equipment and software company
MIDI controllers, such as the ATOM brand. USB, Thunderbolt and Firewire audio and MIDI recording interfaces, including the AudioBox, Studio, Quantum, and
PreSonus
Webcam brand by Apple
front-facing cameras built into the iMac, MacBook, MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, Thunderbolt Display, and Cinema Display. In November 2010, Apple began referring
ISight
1993 video game
p. 137. Retrieved January 10, 2022. Overview of Super Battleship at Thunderbolt Games Hardin, John (December 1993). "VIDEO GAME GALLERY". Electronic
Super_Battleship
American satirical superhero series
Shorts". AwardsWatch. Retrieved June 28, 2024. "'Deadpool & Wolverine', 'Thunderbolts*', 'The Last Of Us' Lead Nominees For Critics Choice Super Awards". Deadline
The_Boys_(TV_series)
Handheld gaming computer by ASUS
released for other Windows 11 devices in April 2026. The Windows user interface also received additional features designed to improve navigation on game
ROG_Xbox_Ally
Line of ultraportable notebook computers by Apple
and Thunderbolt. The Retina MacBook Air was released in October 2018, with reduced dimensions, a Retina display, and combination USB-C/Thunderbolt 3 ports
MacBook_Air_(Intel-based)
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THUNDERBOLT INTERFACE
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THUNDERBOLT INTERFACE
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