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Thermal transpiration (or thermal diffusion) refers to the thermal force on a gas due to a temperature difference. Thermal transpiration causes a flow
Thermal_transpiration
Process of water movement through a plant
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. It is a passive
Transpiration
Empirical law on the variance of species in a habitat
Part I. Experimental researches on thermal transpiration of gases through porous plates and on the laws of transpiration and impulsion, including an experimental
Taylor's_law
to as "thermal transpiration pump" or "Knudsen compressor" is a gas pump that utilizes no moving parts. Instead it uses thermal transpiration, the phenomenon
Knudsen_pump
Thermodynamic process
experimentally testing transpiration cooling as a Thermal Protection System for Hypersonic Vehicles such as rockets or spaceplanes. Transpiration cooling is one
Transpiration_cooling
Topics referred to by the same term
Thermal diffusion may refer to: A thermal force on a gas due to a temperature gradient, also called thermal diffusion or Thermal transpiration. It is used
Thermal_diffusion
1873 device that rotates when exposed to light
accepted theory was formulated by Osborne Reynolds, who theorized that thermal transpiration was the cause of the motion. Reynolds found that if a porous plate
Crookes_radiometer
Explains the role of Transpiration in mitigating climate change
radiation is damaging to plant cells and thermal injury occurs during drought or when there is rapid transpiration which produces wilting. Green vegetation
Transpirational cooling (biological)
Transpirational_cooling_(biological)
Anglo-Irish innovator (1842–1912)
Part I. Experimental Researches on Thermal Transpiration of Gases through Porous Plates and on the Laws of Transpiration and Impulsion, Including an Experimental
Osborne_Reynolds
Passage of an object through the gases of an atmosphere from outer space
for its Starship spacecraft where a part of the thermal protection system will be a transpirationally cooled outer-skin design for the reentering spaceship
Atmospheric_entry
Water distillation and purification system using solar energy
millimetres (1 in). During photosynthesis plants release water through transpiration. Water can be obtained by enclosing a leafy tree branch in clear plastic
Solar_still
Non-airbreathing engine used to propel a missile or vehicle
"rocket engine". Thermal rockets use an inert propellant, heated by electricity (electrothermal propulsion) or a nuclear reactor (nuclear thermal rocket). Chemical
Rocket_engine
A plant adapted to a hot dry environment
then evaporates from their shoots and leaves; this process is known as transpiration. If placed in a dry environment, a typical mesophytic plant would evaporate
Xerophyte
Aerofoil; individual component of a turbine disc
techniques of cooling used in gas turbine blades; convection, film, transpiration cooling, cooling effusion, pin fin cooling etc. which fall under the
Turbine_blade
Passage of water through the outermost layer of an animal or plant to the atmosphere
atmosphere with TEWL is of interest in botany and earth science, as transpiration by plants is a substantial component of the water cycle on Earth. Web
Transepidermal_water_loss
Concentration of water vapour in the air
First, water vapor in the atmosphere contains "latent" energy. During transpiration or evaporation, this latent heat is removed from surface liquid, cooling
Humidity
Part of a jet engine where fuel is burned
general, there are two main types of liner cooling; film cooling and transpiration cooling. Film cooling works by injecting (by one of several methods)
Combustor
Aquatic or submarine environment
the Earth moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually
Underwater_environment
Genus of beetles
permeability of the cuticle. There is a sudden increase in the rate of transpiration at what is known as the transition temperature. This may coincide with
Pimelia
Building design approach
control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption. This approach works either by
Passive_cooling
Means through which sub-surface features can be visible from the air
including temperature variation and relative humidity. Thermal inertia and differential transpiration/evaporation are involved. The usefulness of cropmarks
Cropmark
American low-bypass turbofan engine for the F-22 Raptor
porous material called "Lamilloy" from Detroit Diesel Allison and "transpiration cooled" from engine bleed air to withstand the heat of the exhaust.
Pratt_&_Whitney_F119
Pattern of thunderstorms and rainfall
Occidental green up from the initial monsoon rains, evaporation and plant transpiration can add additional moisture to the atmosphere which will then flow into
North_American_monsoon
Passing cold propellant through tubes around a rocket engine to cool it
used. Regenerative cooling is seldom used in isolation; film cooling, transpiration cooling, radiation cooling are frequently employed as well. With regenerative
Regenerative cooling (rocketry)
Regenerative_cooling_(rocketry)
Thermodynamic phase transition energy
Earth's surface to the atmosphere that is associated with evaporation or transpiration of water at the surface and subsequent condensation of water vapor in
Latent_heat
Period of darkness
2020). "Energy costs of salinity tolerance in crop plants: night-time transpiration and growth". New Phytologist. 225 (3): 1152–1165. Bibcode:2020NewPh
Night
Roof covered with vegetation
by the plants, from which it is returned to the atmosphere through transpiration and evaporation. Green roofs decrease the total amount of runoff and
Green_roof
Lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere
which humidify the troposphere through the processes of evaporation and transpiration respectively, and which influences the occurrence of weather phenomena;
Troposphere
Chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen
001%). Water moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually
Water
Climatic conditions within a city
absorbed into the ground to be released into the air by evaporation, and transpiration occurs much less since cities contain little vegetation relative to
Urban_climate
Gaseous phase of water
atmospheric water include combustion, respiration, volcanic eruptions, the transpiration of plants, and various other biological and geological processes. At
Water_vapor
Loop that increases an initial effect
moisture, which kills plants or causes them to release less water through transpiration. Both factors limit evapotranspiration, the process by which water vapour
Positive_feedback
Species of conifer
with toxins that can be absorbed through inhalation, ingestion, and transpiration through the skin. The wood has been prized for making longbows and for
Taxus_baccata
Photosynthetic part of a vascular plant
photosynthesis, the leaf is the principal site of transpiration, providing the energy required to draw the transpiration stream up from the roots, and guttation
Leaf
as evaporation from bare soil and water bodies, vegetation-dependent transpiration with root uptake, snowmelt and soil freeze/thaw. Features such as macro
HydroGeoSphere
Runoff reducing landscaping method
they release water vapor back to the atmosphere through the process of transpiration. Deep plant roots also create additional channels for stormwater to
Rain_garden
Study of adaptation of an organism's physiology to environmental conditions
the gradient created by transpiration from the leaves. In very dry soil, plants close their stomata to reduce transpiration and prevent water loss. The
Ecophysiology
Carbon-oxygen gas
(August 2010). "Plant Growth Factors: Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Transpiration". CMG GardenNotes. Colorado Master Gardener Program. Archived from the
Carbon_dioxide
Method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment
erosion at high velocity or blockage by settling at low velocity. Plant transpiration and animal perspiration use evaporative cooling to prevent high temperatures
Water_cooling
Ratio of two stable isotopes
isotopologues of water are also used in partitioning water sources for plant transpiration and groundwater recharge. Another application is in paleotemperature
Stable_isotope_ratio
Spacesuit providing mechanical pressure using elastic garments
undergarments that Mauch was developing for Mercury, thermal control was provided by direct sweat transpiration through the fabric. The resulting suit was about
Mechanical counterpressure suit
Mechanical_counterpressure_suit
German concept space hypersonic airliner
September 2011. DE: DLR. Retrieved 2013-05-10. van Foreest, A; et al., "Transpiration Cooling Using Liquid Water" (PDF), Journal of Thermodynamics and Heat
SpaceLiner
Indian professor
electrical power generation using wet textiles, drawing analogies with water transpiration in living plants. Chakraborty is also known for developing disruptive
Suman_Chakraborty
Conservation area in Melbourne, Campbell County, Kentucky
Granier thermal dissipation and heat balance probes to measure transpiration in invaded and uninvaded plots. The study found that L. maackii transpiration could
St._Anne_Woods_and_Wetlands
Any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable
affect the amount of water available to replenish groundwater supplies. Transpiration from plants can be affected by a rise in atmospheric CO2, which can
Environmental_degradation
Imitation of biological systems for the solving of human problems
facilitates additional natural cooling via evaporation, respiration and transpiration in plants. The damp plant substrate further support the cooling effect
Biomimetics
Wall or vertical structure covered by living vegetation and growth substrate
its subsequent re-radiation. Plant surfaces however, as a result of transpiration, do not rise more than 4–5 °C above the ambient temperature and are
Green_wall
Metric quantifying vegetation density
71-73. Sellers, P. J. (1985) 'Canopy reflectance, photosynthesis, and transpiration', International Journal of Remote Sensing, 6, 1335-1372. Myneni, R.
Normalized difference vegetation index
Normalized_difference_vegetation_index
Atmospheric constituent and greenhouse gas
effect causes an increased rate of photosynthesis while limiting leaf transpiration in plants. Both processes result from increased levels of atmospheric
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Earth
Carbon_dioxide_in_the_atmosphere_of_Earth
Aircraft engine that produces thrust by emitting a jet of gas
for the engine. After 2016, research is ongoing in the development of transpiration cooling techniques to jet engine components. In a jet engine, each major
Jet_engine
plant transpiration (evapotranspiration) can affect temperature, revealing potential archaeological features. Monitor site conditions: Thermal imaging
Aerial_archaeology
Planted area on the top covering of a building
its subsequent re-radiation. Plant surfaces however, as a result of transpiration, do not rise more than 4–5 °C (7–9 °F) above the ambient and are sometimes
Roof_garden
Hypersonic aircraft design
as water are pumped through small holes in the aircraft's skin (see transpiration and perspiration). This design works for Mach 25 spacecraft re-entry
Waverider
Atmospheric measurement technique
Evapotranspiration Greenhouse gas emissions Heat flux FluxNet Latent heat flux Transpiration Benthic Lander Liang, Shunlin; Li, Xiaowen; Wang, Jindi, eds. (2012-01-01)
Eddy_covariance
half of its own rainfall by recycling moisture through evaporation and transpiration as air moves across the forest; tree losses interfere with that capability
Effects of climate change on biomes
Effects_of_climate_change_on_biomes
Greenhouse technology for arid regions
greenhouse is assisted by the prevailing wind, evaporative cooling, transpiration, solar heating, heat transfer through the walls and roof, and condensation
Seawater_greenhouse
Tree or shrub in the genus Quercus
Dreyer, E.; Marçais, B. (2009). "Impact of Erysiphe alphitoides on transpiration and photosynthesis in Quercus robur leaves". European Journal of Plant
Oak
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
the transpiration of water and plant life, (3) to measure soil-moisture effects by observing the temperature cycle of soils, (4) to map thermal effluents
Heat_Capacity_Mapping_Mission
Building or device that collects water by condensing vapor
so effective that not only do the plants inside benefit from reduced transpiration, but dew collects on the outside of the structure and can easily be
Air_well_(condenser)
Local set of atmospheric conditions that differ significantly from the surrounding area
impact the microclimate by creating variety in the canopy structure and transpiration rates. This produces measurable differences in temperature and humidity
Microclimate
American bio-atmospheric scientist
measurements of carbon emission and sequestration, evaporation and transpiration, and turbulent transport within the atmospheric boundary layer. He is
George_Burba
Losses in quantity and quality of produce before consumer purchase
returns. Plants need a continuous supply of water for photosynthesis and transpiration. Damage can be caused by too much rain or irrigation, which can lead
Post-harvest losses (vegetables)
Post-harvest_losses_(vegetables)
Area of land where little precipitation occurs
leaves in the driest season, and others curl their leaves up to reduce transpiration. Others, such as aloes, store water in succulent leaves or stems or
Desert
Process that occurs in water
Excess Hazardous Materials in Supercritical Water for the Design of a Transpiration-Wall Reactor" (PDF). Acclaimed Tutoring. Hanush, Russ (1995). "Operation
Supercritical_water_oxidation
Treatment or process aimed at extending the service life of wood structures
attached, thereby injecting the liquid into the sap stream. Through transpiration of moisture from the leaves the preservative is drawn upward through
Wood_preservation
Process of soil formation
cooler and slowing evaporation of soil moisture. Conversely, by way of transpiration, plants can cause soils to lose moisture, resulting in complex and highly
Soil_formation
Decontamination technique using living plants
trees have been touted for removing VOCs, exploiting the high rate of transpiration for this tree species. Rhizofiltration is a process that filters water
Phytoremediation
The most commonly used outputs are evapotranspiration, evaporation, transpiration, soil moisture, irrigation amount, and surface temperature maps and
BAITSSS
also provide an upwards pressure, forcing water out of the roots when transpiration is not enough of a driver. Leaves are the primary photosynthetic organs
Evolutionary history of plants
Evolutionary_history_of_plants
"Deuterium tracing for the estimation of transpiration from trees Part 2. Estimation of transpiration rates and transpiration parameters using a time-averaged
Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry
Hydrogen_isotope_biogeochemistry
Science of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth
Hydrology considers evaporation of various forms: from water surfaces; as transpiration from plant surfaces in natural and agronomic ecosystems. Direct measurement
Hydrology
Vascular blockage by air bubbles
interconnections. Water loss may be reduced by closing off leaf stomata to reduce transpiration, or some plants produce positive xylem pressure from the roots. When
Air_embolism
Atmospheric phenomenon
evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies, or wet land; transpiration from plants; cool or dry air moving over warmer water; and lifting air
Fog
Growing plants without soil using nutrients in water
aerated with oxygen. Also, water levels must be refilled to account for transpiration losses and nutrient solutions require re-fortification to correct the
Hydroponics
Condensed water vapor that falls from clouds
evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies or wet land, transpiration from plants, cool or dry air moving over warmer water, and lifting air
Precipitation
Process in plant metabolism
cells during the day. This allows CAM plants to minimize water loss (transpiration) by maintaining closed stomata during the day. CAM plants usually display
Photorespiration
Effort by SpaceX to make rockets that can fly multiple times
Interplanetary Spaceship enters the atmosphere, it cools itself via transpiration and controls the spacecraft's descent by moving its delta wings and
SpaceX reusable launch system development program
SpaceX_reusable_launch_system_development_program
Hill of loose sand built by aeolian processes or the flow of water
nodules that produce nitrogen compounds, and protected stoma, reducing transpiration. Also, the deep roots bind the sand together, and the dune grows into
Dune
Geologic formation in Antarctica
availability but temperatures are below the required threshold for peak transpiration. This scenario is common among Nothofagus growing at ca. 55°S today
López_de_Bertodano_Formation
Application of engineering to food production and distribution
fruits and vegetables undergo the biological processes of respiration, transpiration, and ripening. Control over these natural plant processes should be
Food and biological process engineering
Food_and_biological_process_engineering
and water loss. Under heat stress, higher temperature can increase transpiration demand and alter stomatal regulation, which may reduce water-use efficiency
Breeding for heat stress tolerance
Breeding_for_heat_stress_tolerance
Application of biomedical engineering to measurement of biological systems
stomatal conductance. PTM-48A is used to analyze the CO2 exchange and the transpiration of the leaves through an automatic open system with four-channels. This
Bioinstrumentation
Device involving the flow of liquids through tubes
settings water transport does occur due to tension, most significantly in transpirational pull in the xylem of vascular plants. Water and other liquids may seem
Siphon
Food production system
added to the system only to replace losses due to plant absorption and transpiration, evaporation, overflow from rainfall, and removal of solid wastes. Consequently
Aquaponics
Form of precipitation
evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies or wet land, transpiration from plants, cool or dry air moving over warmer water, and lifting air
Rain
Study of organisms and their environment
PMID 17960424. S2CID 484645. Wheeler, T. D.; Stroock, A. D. (2008). "The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree". Nature. 455 (7210):
Ecology
Stress on organisms caused by nonliving factors
destructive transpiration rates, and heavily impairs a plant's overall Water Use Efficiency (WUE). When crops encounter extreme thermal environments
Abiotic_stress
Genus of plants
container and held up to 9 months. Because of their high water content, transpiration rates, and consequent loss weight, the nuts react as fresh fruit (not
Chestnut
Device that increases humidity
fabric flowerpots, since they evaporate water into the air through transpiration. Care must still be taken to prevent bacteria or mold in the soil from
Humidifier
saline water) evapotranspiration (ET) (sum of evaporation and plant transpiration) exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) (exhaust gas recycling) exosphere (layer
Index_of_meteorology_articles
structure fires; higher transpiration and resistance to bacteria; as well as improved energy performances, since their lower thermal conductivity reduces
Cannabis_in_Italy
Methodology for the study of ancient temperatures
heat gain and loss, while maximising the efficiency of gas exchange, transpiration and photosynthesis. Quantitative analyses of modern vegetation leaf
Paleothermometer
Natural material created during volcanic eruptions
Thin ash falls (<20 mm) may put livestock off eating, and can inhibit transpiration and photosynthesis and alter growth. There may be an increase in pasture
Volcanic_ash
Lowest part of the atmosphere directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface
planetary boundary layer where positive buoyancy flux at the surface creates a thermal instability and thus generates additional or even major turbulence. (This
Planetary_boundary_layer
Wetland in Iran
plant species and Nitraria can be seen. Due to the evaporation and transpiration of these plants, their stability decreases in the summer season and
Miqan_Wetland
METRIC (Mapping EvapoTranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration) is a computer model developed by the University of Idaho, that uses
METRIC
British professor of natural sciences
David J.; Franks, Peter J. (2010). "Plant science: The hidden cost of transpiration". Nature. 464 (7288): 495–496. Bibcode:2010Natur.464..495B. doi:10.1038/464495a
David_Beerling
Theory that a society's development is predetermined by its physical environment
suffer underdevelopment due to low fertility of soils, excessive plant transpiration, ecological conditions favoring infectious diseases, and unreliable
Environmental_determinism
Vegetation cover change
encroachment. Besides groundwater recharge, woody encroachment increases tree transpiration and evaporation of soil moisture, due to increased canopy cover. Woody
Woody_plant_encroachment
Soil type with pH > 8.5
accumulation of salts in the remaining water after meeting various transpiration and evaporation losses. Another source of man-made sodium salts addition
Alkali_soil
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