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Space exploration program conducted by the Soviet Union from 1951 to 1991
The Soviet space program (Russian: Космическая программа СССР, romanized: Kosmicheskaya programma SSSR) was the state space program of the Soviet Union
Soviet_space_program
Soviet-era program that sent dogs to space
In the 1950s and 1960s, the Soviet space program used dogs for suborbital and orbital space flights as proof-of-concept to determine whether human spaceflight
Soviet_space_dogs
Investigation of outer space
Soviet Union's Sputnik 1, on 4 October 1957, and the first Moon landing by the American Apollo 11 mission on 20 July 1969. The Soviet space program achieved
Space_exploration
Programs by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon
The Soviet crewed lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States
Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs
Space agency of Russia
bulk of the vast Soviet space program following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Established in 1992 as the Russian Space Agency, its modern
Roscosmos
Network of space communication facilities
The Soviet Deep Space Network (or Russian Deep Space Network) is a network of large antennas and communication facilities that support interplanetary spacecraft
Soviet_Deep_Space_Network
launch attempts. Eventually the program was shut down. Soviet space program, the national space program of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from
Soviet_rocketry
missions of the Soviet space program and the Russian Federal Space Agency, including ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities. Soviet and Russian cosmonauts
List_of_cosmonauts
Create Own Space Agency and Launch CubeSat in 2018". SpaceWatch Global. Retrieved 14 March 2022. "Botswana Launches National Space Program". Space in Africa
List of government space agencies
List_of_government_space_agencies
US–USSR spaceflight capability rivalry
1993 on the Shuttle–Mir and International Space Station programs. Although Germans, Americans and Soviets experimented with small liquid-fuel rockets
Space_Race
Soviet Union program to develop nuclear weapons during and after World War II
influencing the Soviet space program. Soviet nuclear weapons played a major role in the Cold War, including the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Sino-Soviet border
Soviet_atomic_bomb_project
Ukrainian government agency
agency responsible for space policy and programs. It was formed on 29 February 1992, and was based on the Soviet space program infrastructure that remained
State_Space_Agency_of_Ukraine
American space and aeronautics agency
joint program with the US Air Force. NACA's interest in space grew out of its rocketry program at the Pilotless Aircraft Research Division. The Soviet Union's
NASA
Series of space suit models from Russia
and built by NPP Zvezda. The Soviet space program and its successor the Russian space program, as well as space programs (including NASA) of other countries
Orlan_space_suit
Historical period started in 1957
death (in January 1966) of Sergey Korolev, chief engineer of the Soviet space program. The landing of Apollo 11 was watched by over 500 million people
Space_Age
into space, with fruit flies surviving a 1947 flight, followed by primates in 1949. The Soviet space program launched multiple dogs into space, with
Animals_in_space
Spaceflight with a crew or passengers
the Soviet Union's Vostok program on 12 April 1961 at the beginning of the Space Race. On 5 May 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, as
Human_spaceflight
space programs, both civilian and military, through regulatory agencies. The early history of U.S. space policy is linked to the U.S.–Soviet Space Race
Space policy of the United States
Space_policy_of_the_United_States
Conspiracy theory about Soviet cosmonauts
theory, which alleges that Soviet and Russian space authorities have concealed the deaths of some cosmonauts in outer space. Proponents of the Lost Cosmonauts
Lost_Cosmonauts
Soviet aerospace engineer (1907–1966)
1966) was a Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer who led the development of the Soviet space program during the early years of the Space Race. Korolev
Sergei_Korolev
Space travel by primates
definition of the edge of space (Ham and Enos, launched earlier by the United States, were chimpanzees). The Soviet / Russian space program used only rhesus macaques
Monkeys_and_apes_in_space
Space program of the Soviet Union
The Mars program was a series of uncrewed spacecraft launched by the Soviet Union between 1960 and 1973. The spacecraft were intended to explore Mars,
Soviet_Mars_program
Soviet pioneer cosmonaut (1934–1968)
March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut who became the first person to journey into outer space during the first successful crewed
Yuri_Gagarin
Bibliography of works about Russian and Soviet technology
and journal articles, published about the non-military space programs in Russia and the Soviet Union. For other areas of science and technology, please
Bibliography of Russian and Soviet science: Space programs
Bibliography_of_Russian_and_Soviet_science:_Space_programs
Chinese space program Soviet space program – Space exploration program conducted by the Soviet Union from 1951 to 1991 List of government space agencies List
List of space programs of the United States
List_of_space_programs_of_the_United_States
Indian Air Force pilot (born 1943)
spaceflight in the Soviet Union's Intercosmos program. Malhotra served as backup for Rakesh Sharma on the Soyuz T-11 mission to Salyut 7 space station which
Ravish_Malhotra
the Voskhod program, which was intended to achieve more Soviet firsts in space. Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United
Human_spaceflight_programs
Soviet dog, first animal to orbit Earth (c. 1954–1957)
IPA: [ˈlajkə]; c. 1954 – 3 November 1957) was a Soviet space dog who was one of the first animals in space and the first to orbit the Earth. A stray mongrel
Laika
a spinoff series focusing on the Soviet space program, was in development. In an alternate timeline in 1969, Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov becomes the
List of For All Mankind characters
List_of_For_All_Mankind_characters
2010 Russian animated film
comedy film. The film is based on the Soviet space dogs Belka and Strelka, the first animals who survived an orbital space trip, the Korabl-Sputnik 2 flight
Space_Dogs
American historian of science
origin, considered a leading scholar on Soviet space program history in the US and Cybernetics in the Soviet Union. In his work, Gerovitch emphasizes
Slava_Gerovitch
Launch site at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan
site at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan that was used by the Soviet space program and Roscosmos. The launchpad for the world's first human spaceflight
Gagarin's_Start
Soviet rocket engineer (1908–1989)
September 1908 – 10 January 1989) was a Soviet engineer who was program manager of the Soviet space program from 1974 until 1989. Glushko served as a
Valentin_Glushko
Soviet international spaceflight program
The Interkosmos space program was an international Soviet space program designed to promote cooperation among socialist countries in space exploration and
Interkosmos
Soviet uncrewed Venus and Mars probe design
and Venera 6 missions to Venus. It was standard practice of the Soviet space program to use standardized components as much as possible. All probes shared
2MV
influencing the Soviet space program. Soviet nuclear weapons played a major role in the Cold War, including the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Sino-Soviet border
Soviet Union and weapons of mass destruction
Soviet_Union_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Instrument in space to study astronomical objects
Observatory 2 launched in 1968, and the Soviet Orion 1 ultraviolet telescope aboard space station Salyut 1 in 1971. Space telescopes avoid several problems
Space_telescope
Soviet/Russian spacesuit used on Soyuz
for the Soviet space program following the Soyuz 11 disaster, and continues to see use in the modern day primarily by the Russian space program, being
Sokol_space_suit
Monument in Moscow, Russia
many artifacts of the Soviet space program. Many streets in the area have been named after the precursors of the space program (Nikolai Kibalchich, Friedrich
Monument to the Conquerors of Space
Monument_to_the_Conquerors_of_Space
Soviet cosmonaut (1934–2019)
Apollo–Soyuz mission, which docked in space for two days with an American Apollo capsule. Leonov was twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1965, 1975), a Major General
Alexei_Leonov
German influence on the Soviet rocketry after WWII
Race for Space 1: Dawn of the Space Age. RHK. Retrieved 20 May 2022. Siddiqi, Asif (2000). Challenge to Apollo : the Soviet Union and the space race, 1945–1974
German influence on Soviet rocketry
German_influence_on_Soviet_rocketry
Soviet unmanned Venus and Mars probe design
common design used by early Soviet uncrewed probes to Mars and Venus. It was standard practice of the Soviet space program to use standardized components
1MV
First international crewed spaceflight mission
Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, conducted jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions watched on television
Apollo–Soyuz
Soviet military space station program
The Almaz (Russian: Алмаз, lit. 'Diamond') program was a highly secret Soviet military space station program, begun in the early 1960s. Three crewed military
Almaz_program
First multi-crew spaceflight
cosmonauts, but Soviet politicians pushed the Soviet space program into squeezing three cosmonauts into Voskhod 1. The only other space flight in the short
Voskhod_1
Gravity-independent ballpoint pen
write in space (the result purportedly being the Fisher Space Pen), while the Soviets just used pencils. In reality, NASA began to develop a space pen, but
Space_Pen
the Soviet space program. These missions belong to the Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz space programs. The first patch from the Soviet Space Program was worn
List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
List_of_Soviet_human_spaceflight_missions
Soviet/Ukrainian heavy strategic cargo aircraft
configuration was partially built. After a brief period of use in the Soviet space program, the aircraft was mothballed during the early 1990s. Towards the
Antonov_An-225_Mriya
large-scale rocket programs were initiated in Nazi Germany by Wernher von Braun. The Soviet Union took the lead in the early post-war Space Race, launching
History_of_spaceflight
Overview of the space program of Kazakhstan
The space program of Kazakhstan is originated from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, when Kazakhstan declared their independence. The Kazakh
Kazakh_space_program
2014 book by Olesya Turkina
Soviet Space Dogs is a book written by Olesya Turkina about the dogs involved in the Soviet space program, from Laika and beyond—the Soviet space dogs
Soviet_Space_Dogs_(book)
Soviet aviator (1908–1982)
was a Soviet Air Force general and a program manager in the Soviet space program. A career aviator, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union
Nikolai_Kamanin
Soviet space program medical scientist
Vladimir Yazdovsky (1913–1999) was a Russian physician in the former Soviet space program. Yazdovsky was a veteran surgeon and army doctor who joined the Institute
Vladimir_Yazdovsky
1963 Soviet crewed spaceflight
London. The Exhibition featured many iconic objects from the Soviet space program. The Soviet state television network broadcast live video of Tereshkova
Vostok_6
Spacecraft tracking ship of the Soviet Union
completed in December 1971 to support the Soviet space program. The ship also conducted upper atmosphere and outer space research. It had very distinguishable
Soviet ship Kosmonavt Yuriy Gagarin
Soviet_ship_Kosmonavt_Yuriy_Gagarin
Soviet and Russian test pilot (1927–2010)
2010) was a Russian military officer and a test pilot in the former Soviet space program. Ilyushin was a son of the famous aviation designer Sergey Ilyushin
Vladimir_Ilyushin
Azerbaijan's space program is the program of the Azerbaijani government to develop Azerbaijan's space capabilities. "Azercosmos", the first satellite operator
Azerbaijan's_space_program
Russian chemist (1904–1995)
career in radioactive applications in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons, later in the space program. Zinaida Yershova was born in Moscow, Russia
Zinaida_Yershova
Spacecraft crew member
human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member of a spacecraft. Although generally reserved for professional space travelers, the term
Astronaut
2026 American science fiction series
referred to as the Chief Designer, the driving force behind the Soviet space program. The character was portrayed by Endre Hules in For All Mankind. Anna
Star_City_(TV_series)
1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program
booster program but deferred a decision on the broader issue. On April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space, reinforcing
Apollo_program
space and foreign policy, Manber is the author of the 2009 book, Selling Peace: Inside the Soviet Conspiracy That Transformed the U.S. Space Program,
Jeffrey_Manber
Soviet designed rocket family
SL-9/-12/-13) is a Soviet and Russian hypergolic expendable heavy-lift launch vehicle family. Developed by the Soviet space program, its first launch was
Proton_(rocket_family)
Soviet engineer and missile designer (1911–1971)
25 October 1971), was a Soviet engineer born in Irkutsk who was the leading designer in the missile program of the former Soviet Union. Yangel was the grandson
Mikhail_Yangel
Soviet rocket engineer
Воскресенский; 14 June 1913 – 14 December 1965) was a Soviet engineer in the Soviet space program, and long-time associate of Chief Designer Sergei Korolev
Leonid_Voskresensky
2019 American science fiction drama
father of the Soviet space program; in our reality, he died during an operation in Moscow (in 1966) ... And after that point, their Moon program really never
For_All_Mankind_(TV_series)
Renewed 21st-century competition in space exploration
technological development in the 21st century, primarily between the space programs of China and the United States, as well as other nations, and private
New_Space_Race
Propaganda about space exploration and science
blaring cold-war overtones of the last great space race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. China's space program is conducted largely in secret, and Japan's
Space_propaganda
Russian scientist (1857–1935)
Korolev and Valentin Glushko, who contributed to the success of the Soviet space program. Tsiolkovsky spent most of his life in a log house on the outskirts
Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky
Soviet space dogs
two Soviet space dogs and, during their suborbital flight on July 22, 1951, the first dogs to fly into space. Dezik became the first two-time space traveler
Dezik_and_Tsygan
Logo designs used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA logos The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has three official insignias: the NASA seal, the NASA insignia (known as the "meatball")
NASA_insignia
German government program
French space program British space programme – Official efforts to develop space capabilities Chinese space program Soviet space program – Space exploration
German_space_programme
Index of lists with the same name
spacecraft launched under the Soviet space program. "Sputnik 1", "Sputnik 2" and "Sputnik 3" were the official Soviet names of those objects, and the
List of spacecraft called Sputnik
List_of_spacecraft_called_Sputnik
Head of the US independent space agency
the Space Shuttle effort, as well as the Viking program that sent landers to Mars. He oversaw the Skylab missions and approved the Voyager space probes
Administrator_of_NASA
Russian rocket engineer (1908–1971)
in Saint Petersburg – June 10, 1971, in Moscow) was a Soviet engineer in the Soviet space program, working on rocket combustion and propellant. Aleksei
Aleksei_Isaev
Soviet space station programme
"fireworks") was the first space station programme, undertaken by the Soviet Union. It involved a series of four crewed scientific research space stations and two
Salyut_programme
2015 space flight simulation video game
Kerbal Space Program is a 2015 space flight simulation video game developed by Mexican studio Squad for Linux, macOS, Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation
Kerbal_Space_Program
Budget allocated to American space agency NASA by the US Congress
history to pursue programs in aeronautics research, robotic spaceflight, technology development, and human space exploration programs. NASA's budget for
Budget_of_NASA
Soviet cosmonaut (1935–2000)
camera for ten minutes. Titov continued to work for the Soviet space program. Under the Spiral program, he trained to become the first pilot of an orbital
Gherman_Titov
Cancelled 2005–2010 NASA human spaceflight program
The Constellation program (abbreviated CxP) was a crewed spaceflight program developed by NASA, the space agency of the United States, from 2005 to 2009
Constellation_program
Branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces
indication of the indivisible connection between the Soviet Strategic Missile Forces and the Soviet space program the 627th Missile Regiment (627-й Ракетный полк)
Russian_Space_Forces
Soviet rocket scientist
scientists and founders in the Soviet Union's space program, and for many years a central figure in the Soviet space program. Despite his prominent role
Kerim_Kerimov
Women who travel to space
been to space. The proportion of women among space travelers has been increasing substantially over time. The first woman to fly in space was Soviet Valentina
Women_in_space
Italian radio hobbyists who claimed to have recorded covered up Soviet space missions
the Soviet space program covered up cosmonaut deaths in the 1960s. The pair claimed to have recorded communications from several failed secret Soviet space
Judica-Cordiglia_brothers
Spacecraft tracking ship of the Soviet Union
Академик Сергей Королёв) was a space control-monitoring ship constructed in 1970 to support the Soviet space program. Named after Sergey Korolyov, the
Soviet ship Akademik Sergey Korolyov
Soviet_ship_Akademik_Sergey_Korolyov
Office within NASA
The Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) program places the three prime NASA space communications networks, Space Network (SN), Near Earth Network
Space Communications and Navigation Program
Space_Communications_and_Navigation_Program
Ongoing space research program
The International Space Station program is the space program of the International Space Station. It is tied together by a complex set of legal, political
International Space Station program
International_Space_Station_program
Soviet aerospace engineer (1922–2014)
January 1922 – 18 September 2014) was a Russian engineer in the former Soviet space program who played a pioneering role in spacecraft construction. Ivanovsky
Oleg_Ivanovsky
First artificial Earth satellite
into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program. It sent a radio signal back to Earth for
Sputnik_1
Russian scientist
September 2006) was a Russian engineer and designer in the former Soviet space program. His notable designs including the docking mechanisms for crewed
Vladimir_Syromyatnikov
Government agency
Washington D.C., and Paris. The origins of the Canadian upper atmosphere and space program can be traced back to the end of the Second World War. Between 1945
Canadian_Space_Agency
1962 Soviet human spaceflights into low Earth orbit
or 'East 3') and Vostok 4 (Восток-4, 'Orient 4' or 'East 4') were Soviet space program flights in August 1962, intended to determine the ability of the
Vostok_3_and_4
First crewed flight of the Soyuz programme
(Russian: Союз 1, lit. 'Union 1') was a crewed spaceflight of the Soviet space program. Launched into orbit on 23 April 1967 carrying cosmonaut colonel
Soyuz_1
1985 Soviet space program with the first balloon flight on Venus
related to Vega program. Vega mission images from the Space Research Institute (IKI) Raw data from Vega 1 and Vega 2 on board instruments Soviet Exploration
Vega_program
Phase of the Cold War during 1953–1962
survive the trip to space, Belka and Strelka the Soviet space dogs. The Vostok Program was responsible for placing the first human in space, yet another task
Cold_War_(1953–1962)
Russian spacecraft manufacturer
group was responsible for pioneering achievements in the Soviet and Russian space programs, including the launch of the first artificial satellite Sputnik
Energia_(corporation)
Public policy concerning the exploration of outer space
international space law. The inception of the field of space law began with the launch of the world's first artificial satellite by the Soviet Union in October
Space_policy
Series of spacecraft designed for the Soviet space programme
1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau (now Energia). The Soyuz succeeded the
Soyuz_(spacecraft)
1993–1998 collaborative Russia–US space program
Shuttle–Mir program (Russian: Программа «Мир»–«Шаттл») was a collaborative space program between Russia and the United States that involved American Space Shuttles
Shuttle–Mir_program
Series of NASA satellites
2020. The concept of a Great Observatory program was first proposed in the 1979 NRC report "A Strategy for Space Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 1980s"
Great_Observatories_program
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SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
SOVIET SPACE-PROGRAM
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