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Soviet international spaceflight program
with Interkosmos aimed at demonstrating solidarity and unity between the Soviets and aligned or sympathetic countries. All members of Interkosmos from
Interkosmos
Retired Vietnam Air Force aviator and astronaut (born 1947)
to be in space when he was launched aboard the Soyuz 37 mission as an Interkosmos research cosmonaut. He was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union
Phạm_Tuân
2006 American film
Interkosmos is a 2006 film directed by Jim Finn. This film is a false documentary about a fictional, top-secret Soviet Interkosmos space mission based
Interkosmos_(film)
East German cosmonaut, 1st German in space (1937–2019)
was the first German to fly into space as part of the Soviet Union's Interkosmos program in 1978. He was the very last living East German holder of the
Sigmund_Jähn
First Indian to travel to space (born 1949)
when he flew aboard Soyuz T-11 on 3 April 1984 as part of the Soviet Interkosmos programme. Rakesh Sharma was born on 13 January 1949 in Patiala into
Rakesh_Sharma
Czech cosmonaut and politician (born 1948)
Czechoslovak in space. As the first flight of the Soviet space program's Interkosmos, he was the first space traveller from a country other than the Soviet
Vladimír_Remek
Food consumed by astronauts in outer space
vegetables were reportedly eaten in 1975 onboard Salyut 4. As part of the Interkosmos space program, allies of the Soviet Union, including the People's Republic
Space_food
First Polish cosmonaut (1941–2022)
chosen from a pool of 500 Polish military pilots to take part in the Interkosmos space programme. The group of candidates, who initially were not informed
Mirosław_Hermaszewski
Soviet/Russian space station (1986–2001)
were Soviet/Russian; through international collaborations such as the Interkosmos, Euromir and Shuttle–Mir programmes, the station was made accessible
Mir
Afghan-German cosmonaut (born 1959)
members and spent nine days aboard the Mir space station in 1988 as an Interkosmos research cosmonaut. Momand holds many records as an Afghan astronaut
Abdul_Ahad_Momand
Bulgarian human spaceflight programme
establishment of the Interkosmos programme which allowed Communist Bloc countries to access Soviet space technology and assets. Under Interkosmos, Bulgaria sent
Bulgarian_cosmonaut_program
India's first satellite in space (1975–1981)
built by ISRO and launched by the Soviet Union as a part of the Soviet Interkosmos programme which provided access to space for friendly states. It was
Aryabhata_(satellite)
Country in Southeast Europe
August 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019. Burgess, Colin; Vis, Bert (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Springer. pp. 247–250. ISBN 978-3-319-24161-6
Bulgaria
Country in Central Europe
first Hungarian Cosmonaut, Bertalan Farkas, into space as part of the Interkosmos. Hungary became the seventh nation to be represented in space. In the
Hungary
American space and aeronautics agency
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
NASA
Indian national space and aeronautics agency
satellite, Aryabhata, which was launched by the Soviet space agency Interkosmos in 1975. In 1980, it launched the satellite RS-1 on board the indigenously
ISRO
Orbit to planetary surface attack with inert projectiles
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Kinetic_bombardment
Spacecraft crew member
launch vehicle; historically other nationalities launched by the Soviet Interkosmos adopted the cosmonaut term. As of April 2026, 781 humans have flown in
Astronaut
Arrival of a spacecraft on the Moon's surface
space agencies, Interkosmos, NASA, CNSA, ISRO, JAXA and ESA, have reached the Moon with uncrewed missions. The Soviet Union (Interkosmos), the United States
Moon_landing
Bulgaria's first artificial satellite
Interkosmos 22, more commonly known as Bulgaria 1300 (Bulgarian: Интеркосмос 22-България 1300), was Bulgaria's first artificial satellite. It was named
Bulgaria_1300
board Soyuz T-11 to the space station Salyut 7 as part of the Soviet Interkosmos programme. In the late 2000s, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
List_of_Indian_astronauts
Space exploration program conducted by the Soviet Union from 1951 to 1991
modular station, Mir (1986–2000), grew to seven pressurized modules. The Interkosmos program sent the first citizens of sixteen countries into space. The
Soviet_space_program
Series of Soviet scientific research satellites
Earth's magnetosphere. The tenth satellite was part of the Interkosmos programme. Interkosmos "Prognoz 1,2,3 (SO)". Gunter's space page. Retrieved 2021-01-28
Prognoz_programme
Flight into or through outer space
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Spaceflight
Unit of the European Space Agency providing astronauts on US and Russian missions
Astronaut Corps. Ten Europeans became astronauts within the Soviet Union's Interkosmos program, which allowed citizens of allied nations to fly missions to
European_Astronaut_Corps
Terrestrial radio station for communication with spacecraft
Network US Minitrack Applied Physics Laboratory Transit Network (Tranet) Interkosmos network Bukit Timah Satellite Earth Station, Singapore Canberra Deep
Ground_station
French astronaut (born 1938)
Sukhoi Su-27. A veteran of three space flights, Chrétien was the tenth Interkosmos cosmonaut, and has spent a total of 43 days, 11 hours, 18 minutes, 42
Jean-Loup_Chrétien
Hungarian cosmonaut (born 1949)
worked as a member of the management team in the research group of the Interkosmos Council of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Between 1992 and 1995,
Bertalan_Farkas
Syrian military aviator and cosmonaut (1951–2024)
to participate in the Interkosmos spaceflight program on 30 September 1985. Faris flew as Research Cosmonaut in the Interkosmos program on Soyuz TM-3
Muhammed_Faris
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Royal Center for Remote Sensing
Royal_Center_for_Remote_Sensing
First crewed space mission to orbit the Moon
quote from Boris Nikolaevich Petrov [be; de; ru], Chairman of the Soviet Interkosmos program, who described the flight as an "outstanding achievement of American
Apollo_8
Czechoslovak magnetosphere satellite
scientific satellite launched on 24 October 1978 as part of the Soviet Interkosmos programme. The mission was developed by the Academy of Sciences of Czechoslovakia
Magion_1
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Chinese_space_program
Bulgarian cosmonaut (born 1940)
selected to participate in the Soviet International Space Programme Interkosmos in 1978 and to follow the Soyuz spaceship training programme. Meanwhile
Georgi_Ivanov_(cosmonaut)
First international crewed spaceflight mission
but reportedly constituted a "significant portion." Spaceflight portal Interkosmos, a Soviet space program from 1967 to 1994, designed to give foreign nations
Apollo–Soyuz
Soyuz 30, when Mirosław Hermaszewski (a Polish cosmonaut of the 1976 Interkosmos Group and the first Pole in space) docked with the Soviet orbital station
Flag_of_Poland
Scientists of the space agency of India
space travel as part of a joint programme between the IAF and the Soviet Interkosmos space agency. On 3 April 1984, Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian
Indian_Astronaut_Corps
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Academy of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion Technology
Academy_of_Aerospace_Liquid_Propulsion_Technology
Czech space telescope
names in space Czech Space Office European Space Agency EUSPA Interball InterkosmosCS VZLU Aerospace Future missions in italics. Topics related to former
QUVIK
1978 La Silla H. Debehogne · 20 km (12 mi) MPC · JPL 2365 Interkosmos 1980 YQ Interkosmos December 30, 1980 Kleť Z. Vávrová (5) 15 km (9.3 mi) MPC ·
List of minor planets: 2001–3000
List_of_minor_planets:_2001–3000
Satellites for magnetospheric research
launched on the same launch vehicle. Magion 1, 2, and 3 were part of the Interkosmos programme and Magion 4 and 5 were part of the Interball programme. Magion 1
Magion_satellite_series
Secret post-WWII United States program
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Operation_Paperclip
Branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Russian_Space_Forces
African Union's space organisation
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
African_Space_Agency
Soviet space station (1982–1991)
crew of Soyuz T-14. Ten Soyuz T crews operated in Salyut 7. Only two Interkosmos "guest cosmonauts" worked in Salyut 7. The first attempt to launch Soyuz
Salyut_7
Multilateral agreement on human moon exploration
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Artemis_Accords
Major General of the Bulgarian Air Force (1924–2020)
Commission in the Bulgarian cosmonaut program and a working member of Interkosmos, the Russian International Space Program, where he worked on the Soyuz
Yordan_Milanov_(general)
Polish state from 1944 to 1989
and Co-operation in Europe, the International Atomic Energy Agency and Interkosmos. Poland suffered tremendous economic losses during World War II. In 1939
Polish_People's_Republic
Space agency
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Indonesian_Space_Agency
US intelligence agency in charge of satellite intelligence
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
National Reconnaissance Office
National_Reconnaissance_Office
Malaysian National Space Agency
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
National Space Agency (Malaysia)
National_Space_Agency_(Malaysia)
Aerospace service branch of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force
Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps_Aerospace_Force
Cold War coalition of communist states
Austria Interkosmos provided technical assistance, as well as being a launch provider for Eastern Bloc satellites The first crewed Interkosmos flight lifted
Eastern_Bloc
Military branch for space warfare
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space_force
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
French_space_program
Kinetic energy device designed to destroy satellites in orbit
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Anti-satellite_weapon
1982 Soviet crewed spaceflight to Salyut 7
Soyuz T-6 was a human spaceflight to Earth orbit to the Salyut 7 space station in 1982. Along with two Soviet cosmonauts, the crew included a Frenchman
Soyuz_T-6
Investigation of outer space
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space_exploration
Romanian cosmonaut
65, 237. ISBN 978-0-9511312-0-6. Burgess, Colin; Vis, Bert (2015). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Springer. pp. 161–168. ISBN 978-3-319-24163-0
Dumitru_Dediu
Private crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station in 2025
countries previously flew one astronaut as part of the Soviet Union's Interkosmos program. While those earlier missions docked with Salyut 6 or Salyut
Axiom_Mission_4
Bi-national military alliance
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
NORAD
Day of the year
Women's Tennis Association. Retrieved 2022-10-22. Burgess, Colin (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Cham: Springer Praxis Books
December_25
US–USSR spaceflight capability rivalry
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space_Race
1962 speech by John F. Kennedy
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon
National space agency of the People's Republic of China
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
China National Space Administration
China_National_Space_Administration
Day of the year
28 December 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2022. Burgess, Colin (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Cham: Springer Praxis Books
November_22
Subsidiary of Roscosmos
1946. It contributed to the creation of the Apollo-Soyuz, Salyut, Mir, Interkosmos and Buran programs. "О мерах по созданию Государственной корпорации по
NPO_Tekhnomash
Aircraft pilot and astronaut
of ten potential candidates to become astronauts from Poland, in the Interkosmos Soviet space program. By that time, he had spent over two thousand hours
Zenon_Jankowski
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space policy of the second Trump administration
Space_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
Spaceport in Kazakhstan leased to Russia
Czechoslovakia, East Germany, India and France launched from Baikonur under the Interkosmos program as well. In 1960, a prototype R-16 ICBM exploded before launch
Baikonur_Cosmodrome
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space policy of the United States
Space_policy_of_the_United_States
Spaceflight with a crew or passengers
became the first non-American and non-Soviet in space, as part of the Interkosmos program. 2 April 1984 Rakesh Sharma, became the first Indian in space
Human_spaceflight
Air warfare branch of South Korea's military
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Republic_of_Korea_Air_Force
Indian military defence system, established 2000
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme
Indian_Ballistic_Missile_Defence_Programme
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Timeline_of_the_Space_Race
City in Saxony, Germany
and archaeologist Sigmund Jähn (1937–2019), first German astronaut (Interkosmos flight of August 26, 1978) Eduard Johnson (1840-1903), local historian
Chemnitz
Space agency of Russia
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Roscosmos
European organisation dedicated to space exploration
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
European_Space_Agency
Combat that takes place in outer space
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space_warfare
United States reaction to the 1957 launch of the Soviet satellite
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Sputnik_crisis
Military unit
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Cyber & Specialist Operations Command
Cyber_&_Specialist_Operations_Command
East German Remote sensing device
research, among many other fields. Eventually, as a division of the Interkosmos program of the socialist Comecon countries a department for Remote terrestrial
MKF-6_(multispectral_camera)
Pollution around Earth by defunct artificial objects
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space_debris
Spaceflight mission emblem worn by astronauts
off Earth, which was also used on subsequent flights. As part of the Interkosmos program, the crewed flights to the Salyut and Mir space stations between
Mission_patch
Strategic planning document of the Russia
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Military_doctrine_of_Russia
Satellite research programme, 2018–2020
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
United Kingdom Global Navigation Satellite System
United_Kingdom_Global_Navigation_Satellite_System
Former cyber and space force of the People's Liberation Army (2015–2024)
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force
People's_Liberation_Army_Strategic_Support_Force
Weapons used in space warfare
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Space_weapon
Soviet and Russian spacecraft aimed at biological experiments in space
radiation. Spaceflight portal BIOPAN Biosatellite program EXPOSE Foton-M2 Interkosmos List of Kosmos satellites List of microorganisms tested in outer space
Bion_(satellite)
Soviet-Russian cosmonaut and test pilot (born 1948)
space station crews resulted in his transferring to training for the Interkosmos programme in January 1982. The following year he was designated as a
Anatoly_Solovyev
Government programme
Indian citizen to travel to space on board Soyuz T-11 as part of the Interkosmos programme, visiting Salyut 7. The mission was launched on board a Soviet
Indian Human Spaceflight Programme
Indian_Human_Spaceflight_Programme
Polish astronaut and engineer
cosmonaut Pyotr Klimuk to the Salyut 6 space station as part of the Interkosmos programme. In Polish, the nouns Polak (plural: Polacy) and Polka (plural:
Sławosz_Uznański-Wiśniewski
First Indian anti-satellite weapon test
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Mission_Shakti
Day of the year
Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 5, 2025. Burgess, Colin (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Cham: Springer Praxis Books
January_13
Basis of international space law
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
Outer_Space_Treaty
Overview of Indian space sector
DoS in the 1970s under the Prime Minister of India. ISRO joined the Interkosmos program to launch its first satellite, Aryabhata, from the former Soviet
Space_industry_of_India
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
South_Korean_space_program
Hungarian astronaut and colonel (1949–2018)
1987, when he was no longer allowed to do so due to myocarditis.[3] The Interkosmos cooperation led by the Soviet Union made it possible for a representative
Béla_Magyari
Space agency
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs
United_Nations_Office_for_Outer_Space_Affairs
United States law preventing export of military technologies
SSP MOM Interkosmos See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country 1 Preceded by the Soviet space program 2 Preceded by Interkosmos participation
International Traffic in Arms Regulations
International_Traffic_in_Arms_Regulations
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Goddess Durga
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a seller of dairy products, from an agent derivative of Middle English, Old French creme ‘cream’ (Late Latin crama, apparently of Gaulish origin).Scottish and northern Irish : occupational name for a peddler, a cognate of German Krämer (see Kramer). Sir John Skene, in his De verborum significatione (‘On the Meaning of Words’, 1681), explains the term peddler as ‘ane mechand or cremer, quha beris ane pack or creame upon his back’.Americanized spelling of Krämer, Kramer, or Kremer.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Dice.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
High Price Stone
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French, Latin
Famous in Battle
Girl/Female
Indian
Earth
Girl/Female
American, Anglo, Australian, British, English, German
Prosperous Friend; Rich in Friendship; Female Version of Edwin
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Telugu
Destroyer of Madhu; Lord Sri Krishna
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
Weary
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pranidhi | பà¯à®°à®¨à®¿à®¤à®¿
Spy
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS
INTERKOSMOS